Abstract<br> Cleome viscosa Linn. (Capparidaceae), popularly known as "Asian spider fl... more Abstract<br> Cleome viscosa Linn. (Capparidaceae), popularly known as "Asian spider flower", is a native tree and found abundant in India. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and diuretic activity of the root extracts obtained from Cleome viscosa using in vitro and in vivo experimental models.<br> Material and Methods: The ethanolic extracts and its fractions obtained from Cleome viscosa roots through Soxhlet extraction was analyzed by various activities. Different extracts were tested for total phenolic and flavonoid contents and in vitro antioxidant (ABTS & DPPH assay), anti-inflammatory (protein denaturation), anti-allergic (milk induced eosinophilia), and diuretic (Lipschitz test) activities.<br> Results: Ethanolic extract exhibited the total phenolic (4.51±0.4) and flavonoid (5.34±0.93) content and highest antioxidant activity [{in ABTS (at 0.1 mg/mL; 33.62±0.76)} and {in DPPH (at 0.02 mg/mL; 29.30±0.56)} c...
The hybrid MP/97-644 gave significantly higher total and process grade yield, and excellent proce... more The hybrid MP/97-644 gave significantly higher total and process grade yield, and excellent processing quality as compared to Indian and exotic processing cultivars, when grown in relatively warmer west-central regions of the country. It has round tuber shape and maintains low sugar levels during storage at intermediate temperatures. The hybrid is highly suitable for making potato chips and dehydrated products.
Natural antioxidants compounds are present in leaf, rhizome, stem, fruits, vegetables, tea etc. T... more Natural antioxidants compounds are present in leaf, rhizome, stem, fruits, vegetables, tea etc. They are recognized as important compounds in conferring stability against oxidation in vitro. Natural antioxidant compounds can be classified into Exogenous antioxidants and Endogenous antioxidants, Enzymatic and NonEnzymatic antioxidants. Naturally occurring antioxidants compounds are carotenoids, tocopherols, a hydrophilic group, phenolic acids, anthocyanins, flavonoids and tannins. In this we reviewed the most important groups of natural antioxidants, and methods for in vitro assessment of the antioxidant activity of natural compounds.
Each year in the Philippines hundreds of thousands of women become pregnant without intending to ... more Each year in the Philippines hundreds of thousands of women become pregnant without intending to and many women with unintended pregnancies decide to end them by abortion. Because abortion is legal only to save a womans life most procedures are clandestine and many are carried out in unsafe circumstances. Unsafe abortion can endanger womens reproductive health and lead to serious often life-threatening complications. Furthermore unsafe abortions impose a heavy burden on women their families and society by virtue of the serious health consequences that often ensue: These health problems can keep women from work and school and treatment can be costly and consume scarce medical resources at both public and private health institutions. Because abortion is highly stigmatized and largely prohibited information on abortion is difficult to obtain. However new research findings shed light on the causes level and consequences of abortion in the Philippines. (excerpt)
Purpose: Patients with hyperthyroidism have frequent neuropsychiatric symptoms such as lack of at... more Purpose: Patients with hyperthyroidism have frequent neuropsychiatric symptoms such as lack of attention, concentration, poor memory, impaired executive functions, depression, and anxiety. These neurocognitive impairments such as memory, attention, and executive functions appear to be associated with dysfunction in brain regions. This study was conducted to investigate the metabolic changes in the brain subcortical regions, i.e., posterior parietal cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), in patients with hyperthyroidism before and after antithyroid treatment using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS).Materials and Methods: We collected neuropsychological and 1H MRS data from posterior parietal cortex and DLPFC, in both control (N = 30) and hyperthyroid (N = 30) patients. In addition, follow-up data were available for 19 patients treated with carbimazole for 30 weeks. The relative ratios of the neurometabolites were calculated using the Linear Combination Model ...
Indian journal of chemistry. Sect. A: Inorganic, physical, theoretical & analytical, 2010
A new 2D supramolecular (hydrogen bonded) Cd(II) network, [Cd(2-PTZ) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ] n (2-PTZ = 5-(... more A new 2D supramolecular (hydrogen bonded) Cd(II) network, [Cd(2-PTZ) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ] n (2-PTZ = 5-(2-pyridyl) tetrazolate) has been synthesized by hydrothermal reaction and characterized by IR, and X-ray single crystal analysis. In the molecular structure of the studied complex, Cd(II) ion is six-coordinated, which is completed by two water molecules and two 2-PTZ ligands which provide two nitrogens from the two tetrazolyl groups and two nitrogen atoms from pyridyl rings. The mononuclear units are assembled by intermolecular hydrogen bonding to generate two-dimensional sheets. Photoluminescence spectrum of the polymer complex exhibits strong blue emission at λ max = 439 nm in the solid state at room temperature.
Nutrition therapy for children with diabetes is essential to improve measures of glycemic control... more Nutrition therapy for children with diabetes is essential to improve measures of glycemic control and lipoprotein mediated risk for dyslipidemia. More innovative approaches to achieve lifestyle changes are required to meet current recommendations which are likely to produce greater beneficial changes.
Beyond the most crucial roles of RNA molecules as a messenger, ribosomal, and transfer RNAs, the ... more Beyond the most crucial roles of RNA molecules as a messenger, ribosomal, and transfer RNAs, the regulatory role of many non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in plant biology has been recognized. ncRNAs act as riboregulators by recognizing specific nucleic acid targets through homologous sequence interactions to regulate plant growth, development, and stress responses. Regulatory ncRNAs, ranging from small to long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), exert their control over a vast array of biological processes. Based on the mode of biogenesis and their function, ncRNAs evolved into different forms that include microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), miRNA variants (isomiRs), lncRNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs), and derived ncRNAs. This article explains the different classes of ncRNAs and their role in plant development and stress responses. Furthermore, the applications of regulatory ncRNAs in crop improvement, targeting agriculturally important traits, have been discussed.
BACKGROUND: Adolescents with single ventricle heart disease (SVHD) who have undergone the Fontan ... more BACKGROUND: Adolescents with single ventricle heart disease (SVHD) who have undergone the Fontan procedure show cognitive/memory deficits. Mammillary bodies are key brain sites that regulate memory; however, their integrity in SVHD is unclear. We evaluated mammillary body (MB) volumes and their associations with cognitive/memory scores in SVHD and controls. METHODS: Brain MRI data were collected from 63 adolescents (25 SVHD; 38 controls) using a 3.0-Tesla MRI scanner. Cognition and memory were assessed using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Wide Range Assessment of Memory and Learning 2. MB volumes were calculated and compared between groups (ANCOVA, covariates: age, sex, and total brain volume [TBV]). Partial correlations and linear regression were performed to examine associations between volumes and cognitive scores (covariates: age, sex, and TBV). RESULTS: SVHD group showed significantly lower MoCA and WRAML2 scores over controls. MB volumes were significantly reduced in SVHD over controls. After controlling for age, sex, and TBV, MB volumes correlated with MoCA and delayed memory recall scores in SVHD and controls. CONCLUSION: Adolescents with SVHD show reduced MB volumes associated with cognitive/memory deficits. Potential mechanisms of volume losses may include developmental and/or hypoxic/ischemic-induced processes. Providers should screen for cognitive deficits and explore possible interventions to improve memory.
Schizophrenia patients show cognitive and mood impairments, including memory loss and depression,... more Schizophrenia patients show cognitive and mood impairments, including memory loss and depression, suggesting damage in the brain regions. The hippocampus is a brain structure that is significantly involved in memory and mood function and shows impairment in schizophrenia. In the present study, we examined the regional hippocampal changes in schizophrenia patients using voxel-based morphometry (VBM), Freesurfer, and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) procedures. 1H MRS and high-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging were collected in both healthy control subjects (N = 28) and schizophrenia patients (N = 28) using 3-Tesla whole body MRI system. Regional hippocampal volume was analyzed using VBM and Freesufer procedures. The relative ratios of the neurometabolites were calculated using linear combination model (LCModel). Compared to controls, schizophrenia patients showed significantly decreased gray matter volume in the hippocampus. Schizophrenia patients also ...
Adolescents with single ventricle heart disease (SVHD) show autonomic, mood, and cognitive defici... more Adolescents with single ventricle heart disease (SVHD) show autonomic, mood, and cognitive deficits, indicating aberrations in brain areas that regulate these functions. However, the gray matter integrity in autonomic, mood, and cognitive control sites is unclear. We examined regional brain gray matter changes, using high-resolution T1-weighted images (3.0-T magnetic resonance scanner) with voxel based morphometry procedures, as well as mood and cognitive functions in SVHD (n=18; age, 15.7±1.1years; male, 10) and controls (n=31; age, 16.0±1.1years; male, 17). High-resolution T1-weighted images were realigned, gray matter tissue type partitioned, normalized to a common space, smoothed, and compared between groups (analysis of covariance; covariates, age and gender). The mood and cognitive scores were compared between groups using independent samples t-tests. SVHD subjects showed significantly altered mood and cognitive functions over controls. Significantly reduced gray matter emerge...
In this study we have discussed a fuzzy fault tree using level (,) interval-valued fuzzy numbers.... more In this study we have discussed a fuzzy fault tree using level (,) interval-valued fuzzy numbers. Level (,) interval-valued fuzzy numbers are one of the extensions of fuzzy numbers and they have been applied to fault-tree analysis in many studies. The arithmetic operations of (,) interval-valued fuzzy numbers have also been addressed in the study. In fuzzy fault tree, we have computed failure rate of fire protection system taking failure rate of each component of the system as (,) interval-valued fuzzy numbers.
One hundred twenty non-insulin dependent diabetic subjects were selected from Punjab Agricultural... more One hundred twenty non-insulin dependent diabetic subjects were selected from Punjab Agricultural University and Civil Hospital of Ludhiana. The selected subjects were divided into four groups viz., group I, II, III and IV having thirty subjects each. The subjects of group I were not given any treatment. The nutrition education was given for three months after fifteen days interval to the subjects of group II, III and IV through individual and group contact and gain in nutrition knowledge was assessed after the study. The mean daily intake of green leafy vegetables, other vegetables and fruits increased significantly (P=0.01) in the subjects of group II, III and IV and a non-significant increase (P=0.01) was seen in the subjects of group I. The mean energy, carbohydrates, protein and fat intake decreased significantly (P=0.01) in the subjects of group II, III and IV and a non-significant decrease (P=0.01) was seen in the subjects of group I. Therefore, it can be reported from the results that supplementation of bael (Aegle marmelos L.) leaf, pulp and seed powder along with nutrition counseling significantly improved the food and nutrient inake of the diabetic patients.
Oil-rich seeds of Jatropha curcas are being focussed as a source of bio-diesel. However, prior to... more Oil-rich seeds of Jatropha curcas are being focussed as a source of bio-diesel. However, prior to its industrial use, a lot of crop improvement efforts are required in Jatropha. Availability of a large number of EST sequences of Jatropha in public domain allow identification of candidate genes for several agronomic characters including oil content in seeds. Here, we have analysed 42,477 ESTs of Jatropha spanning 22.9 Mbp for microsatellites and fatty acid metabolism related sequences. Unigene sequences were built using CAP 3 programme resulted in 12,358 contigs and 5,730 singlets. Nearly, 8 % unigenes showed presence of microsatellites, slightly overrepresented compared to their occurrence in ESTs. Most of the microsatellites were either di-or tri-nucleotide repeats, while other categories of tetra-, penta-and hexa-nucleotide repeats together constituted~4 % of total microsatellites. Assessment of functional relevance of unigenes was carried out using Blast2GO using its default settings. The overall sequence similarity level against sequences in 'nr' database was >80 %. A total of 931 sequences that participated in any of the pathways related to fatty acid or lipid metabolism were found at GO level 6. Among these, GO terms "Fatty acid metabolic process" and "Fatty acid biosynthetic process" were most overrepresented. Overall, our work has due relevance in identifying molecular markers for the candidate genes for oil content in Jatropha seeds, and will prove to be an important reference for further studies for identification of trait specific markers in Jatropha.
This article describes a one pot, solvent free, microwave assisted synthesis of O,O-dialkyl dialk... more This article describes a one pot, solvent free, microwave assisted synthesis of O,O-dialkyl dialkylpyrophosphonates (DADAPP) from O-alkyl alkylphosphonic chlorides 2a–j with 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) in the presence of water under microwave irradiation. The reaction takes place by the phosphonium salts, which are converted into the DADAPPs 4a–j. These DADAPPs are important markers of chemical warfare agents sarin, soman, and VX and their analogues. The method has several advantages over the conventional methods such as operational simplicity, high yield, and reduced reaction time.
AYU (An International Quarterly Journal of Research in Ayurveda), 2012
Vara Asanadi Kwatha (VAK) is a compound Ayurvedic formulation prescribed in the management of obe... more Vara Asanadi Kwatha (VAK) is a compound Ayurvedic formulation prescribed in the management of obesity. Pharmacognostical study counting both macroscopic and powder microscopy of raw drug exposed the quality and genuineness of all the constituents of VAK. Organoleptic features of coarse powder made out of the crude drugs were within the standard range. Specific gravity of the decoction was 1.0185 and pH was 5.5.Total solid content present in the Kwatha was 4.525% w/v, total ash 0.949% w/v, and acid insoluble ash was 0.052% w/v. Iron assay showed the presence of Fe 2 O 3 as 0.065% w/v. Qualitative scrutiny demonstrated the presence of flavonoids and tannis. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) were carried out after organizing appropriate solvent system in which maximum three spots were distinguished in TLC and nine spots in HPTLC and most of the R f values were identical when done with different sample extractive methods. This shows the presence of certain definite constituents in the decoction and is helpful for the easy separation of these constituents.
Abstract<br> Cleome viscosa Linn. (Capparidaceae), popularly known as "Asian spider fl... more Abstract<br> Cleome viscosa Linn. (Capparidaceae), popularly known as "Asian spider flower", is a native tree and found abundant in India. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and diuretic activity of the root extracts obtained from Cleome viscosa using in vitro and in vivo experimental models.<br> Material and Methods: The ethanolic extracts and its fractions obtained from Cleome viscosa roots through Soxhlet extraction was analyzed by various activities. Different extracts were tested for total phenolic and flavonoid contents and in vitro antioxidant (ABTS & DPPH assay), anti-inflammatory (protein denaturation), anti-allergic (milk induced eosinophilia), and diuretic (Lipschitz test) activities.<br> Results: Ethanolic extract exhibited the total phenolic (4.51±0.4) and flavonoid (5.34±0.93) content and highest antioxidant activity [{in ABTS (at 0.1 mg/mL; 33.62±0.76)} and {in DPPH (at 0.02 mg/mL; 29.30±0.56)} c...
The hybrid MP/97-644 gave significantly higher total and process grade yield, and excellent proce... more The hybrid MP/97-644 gave significantly higher total and process grade yield, and excellent processing quality as compared to Indian and exotic processing cultivars, when grown in relatively warmer west-central regions of the country. It has round tuber shape and maintains low sugar levels during storage at intermediate temperatures. The hybrid is highly suitable for making potato chips and dehydrated products.
Natural antioxidants compounds are present in leaf, rhizome, stem, fruits, vegetables, tea etc. T... more Natural antioxidants compounds are present in leaf, rhizome, stem, fruits, vegetables, tea etc. They are recognized as important compounds in conferring stability against oxidation in vitro. Natural antioxidant compounds can be classified into Exogenous antioxidants and Endogenous antioxidants, Enzymatic and NonEnzymatic antioxidants. Naturally occurring antioxidants compounds are carotenoids, tocopherols, a hydrophilic group, phenolic acids, anthocyanins, flavonoids and tannins. In this we reviewed the most important groups of natural antioxidants, and methods for in vitro assessment of the antioxidant activity of natural compounds.
Each year in the Philippines hundreds of thousands of women become pregnant without intending to ... more Each year in the Philippines hundreds of thousands of women become pregnant without intending to and many women with unintended pregnancies decide to end them by abortion. Because abortion is legal only to save a womans life most procedures are clandestine and many are carried out in unsafe circumstances. Unsafe abortion can endanger womens reproductive health and lead to serious often life-threatening complications. Furthermore unsafe abortions impose a heavy burden on women their families and society by virtue of the serious health consequences that often ensue: These health problems can keep women from work and school and treatment can be costly and consume scarce medical resources at both public and private health institutions. Because abortion is highly stigmatized and largely prohibited information on abortion is difficult to obtain. However new research findings shed light on the causes level and consequences of abortion in the Philippines. (excerpt)
Purpose: Patients with hyperthyroidism have frequent neuropsychiatric symptoms such as lack of at... more Purpose: Patients with hyperthyroidism have frequent neuropsychiatric symptoms such as lack of attention, concentration, poor memory, impaired executive functions, depression, and anxiety. These neurocognitive impairments such as memory, attention, and executive functions appear to be associated with dysfunction in brain regions. This study was conducted to investigate the metabolic changes in the brain subcortical regions, i.e., posterior parietal cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), in patients with hyperthyroidism before and after antithyroid treatment using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS).Materials and Methods: We collected neuropsychological and 1H MRS data from posterior parietal cortex and DLPFC, in both control (N = 30) and hyperthyroid (N = 30) patients. In addition, follow-up data were available for 19 patients treated with carbimazole for 30 weeks. The relative ratios of the neurometabolites were calculated using the Linear Combination Model ...
Indian journal of chemistry. Sect. A: Inorganic, physical, theoretical & analytical, 2010
A new 2D supramolecular (hydrogen bonded) Cd(II) network, [Cd(2-PTZ) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ] n (2-PTZ = 5-(... more A new 2D supramolecular (hydrogen bonded) Cd(II) network, [Cd(2-PTZ) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ] n (2-PTZ = 5-(2-pyridyl) tetrazolate) has been synthesized by hydrothermal reaction and characterized by IR, and X-ray single crystal analysis. In the molecular structure of the studied complex, Cd(II) ion is six-coordinated, which is completed by two water molecules and two 2-PTZ ligands which provide two nitrogens from the two tetrazolyl groups and two nitrogen atoms from pyridyl rings. The mononuclear units are assembled by intermolecular hydrogen bonding to generate two-dimensional sheets. Photoluminescence spectrum of the polymer complex exhibits strong blue emission at λ max = 439 nm in the solid state at room temperature.
Nutrition therapy for children with diabetes is essential to improve measures of glycemic control... more Nutrition therapy for children with diabetes is essential to improve measures of glycemic control and lipoprotein mediated risk for dyslipidemia. More innovative approaches to achieve lifestyle changes are required to meet current recommendations which are likely to produce greater beneficial changes.
Beyond the most crucial roles of RNA molecules as a messenger, ribosomal, and transfer RNAs, the ... more Beyond the most crucial roles of RNA molecules as a messenger, ribosomal, and transfer RNAs, the regulatory role of many non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in plant biology has been recognized. ncRNAs act as riboregulators by recognizing specific nucleic acid targets through homologous sequence interactions to regulate plant growth, development, and stress responses. Regulatory ncRNAs, ranging from small to long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), exert their control over a vast array of biological processes. Based on the mode of biogenesis and their function, ncRNAs evolved into different forms that include microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), miRNA variants (isomiRs), lncRNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs), and derived ncRNAs. This article explains the different classes of ncRNAs and their role in plant development and stress responses. Furthermore, the applications of regulatory ncRNAs in crop improvement, targeting agriculturally important traits, have been discussed.
BACKGROUND: Adolescents with single ventricle heart disease (SVHD) who have undergone the Fontan ... more BACKGROUND: Adolescents with single ventricle heart disease (SVHD) who have undergone the Fontan procedure show cognitive/memory deficits. Mammillary bodies are key brain sites that regulate memory; however, their integrity in SVHD is unclear. We evaluated mammillary body (MB) volumes and their associations with cognitive/memory scores in SVHD and controls. METHODS: Brain MRI data were collected from 63 adolescents (25 SVHD; 38 controls) using a 3.0-Tesla MRI scanner. Cognition and memory were assessed using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Wide Range Assessment of Memory and Learning 2. MB volumes were calculated and compared between groups (ANCOVA, covariates: age, sex, and total brain volume [TBV]). Partial correlations and linear regression were performed to examine associations between volumes and cognitive scores (covariates: age, sex, and TBV). RESULTS: SVHD group showed significantly lower MoCA and WRAML2 scores over controls. MB volumes were significantly reduced in SVHD over controls. After controlling for age, sex, and TBV, MB volumes correlated with MoCA and delayed memory recall scores in SVHD and controls. CONCLUSION: Adolescents with SVHD show reduced MB volumes associated with cognitive/memory deficits. Potential mechanisms of volume losses may include developmental and/or hypoxic/ischemic-induced processes. Providers should screen for cognitive deficits and explore possible interventions to improve memory.
Schizophrenia patients show cognitive and mood impairments, including memory loss and depression,... more Schizophrenia patients show cognitive and mood impairments, including memory loss and depression, suggesting damage in the brain regions. The hippocampus is a brain structure that is significantly involved in memory and mood function and shows impairment in schizophrenia. In the present study, we examined the regional hippocampal changes in schizophrenia patients using voxel-based morphometry (VBM), Freesurfer, and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) procedures. 1H MRS and high-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging were collected in both healthy control subjects (N = 28) and schizophrenia patients (N = 28) using 3-Tesla whole body MRI system. Regional hippocampal volume was analyzed using VBM and Freesufer procedures. The relative ratios of the neurometabolites were calculated using linear combination model (LCModel). Compared to controls, schizophrenia patients showed significantly decreased gray matter volume in the hippocampus. Schizophrenia patients also ...
Adolescents with single ventricle heart disease (SVHD) show autonomic, mood, and cognitive defici... more Adolescents with single ventricle heart disease (SVHD) show autonomic, mood, and cognitive deficits, indicating aberrations in brain areas that regulate these functions. However, the gray matter integrity in autonomic, mood, and cognitive control sites is unclear. We examined regional brain gray matter changes, using high-resolution T1-weighted images (3.0-T magnetic resonance scanner) with voxel based morphometry procedures, as well as mood and cognitive functions in SVHD (n=18; age, 15.7±1.1years; male, 10) and controls (n=31; age, 16.0±1.1years; male, 17). High-resolution T1-weighted images were realigned, gray matter tissue type partitioned, normalized to a common space, smoothed, and compared between groups (analysis of covariance; covariates, age and gender). The mood and cognitive scores were compared between groups using independent samples t-tests. SVHD subjects showed significantly altered mood and cognitive functions over controls. Significantly reduced gray matter emerge...
In this study we have discussed a fuzzy fault tree using level (,) interval-valued fuzzy numbers.... more In this study we have discussed a fuzzy fault tree using level (,) interval-valued fuzzy numbers. Level (,) interval-valued fuzzy numbers are one of the extensions of fuzzy numbers and they have been applied to fault-tree analysis in many studies. The arithmetic operations of (,) interval-valued fuzzy numbers have also been addressed in the study. In fuzzy fault tree, we have computed failure rate of fire protection system taking failure rate of each component of the system as (,) interval-valued fuzzy numbers.
One hundred twenty non-insulin dependent diabetic subjects were selected from Punjab Agricultural... more One hundred twenty non-insulin dependent diabetic subjects were selected from Punjab Agricultural University and Civil Hospital of Ludhiana. The selected subjects were divided into four groups viz., group I, II, III and IV having thirty subjects each. The subjects of group I were not given any treatment. The nutrition education was given for three months after fifteen days interval to the subjects of group II, III and IV through individual and group contact and gain in nutrition knowledge was assessed after the study. The mean daily intake of green leafy vegetables, other vegetables and fruits increased significantly (P=0.01) in the subjects of group II, III and IV and a non-significant increase (P=0.01) was seen in the subjects of group I. The mean energy, carbohydrates, protein and fat intake decreased significantly (P=0.01) in the subjects of group II, III and IV and a non-significant decrease (P=0.01) was seen in the subjects of group I. Therefore, it can be reported from the results that supplementation of bael (Aegle marmelos L.) leaf, pulp and seed powder along with nutrition counseling significantly improved the food and nutrient inake of the diabetic patients.
Oil-rich seeds of Jatropha curcas are being focussed as a source of bio-diesel. However, prior to... more Oil-rich seeds of Jatropha curcas are being focussed as a source of bio-diesel. However, prior to its industrial use, a lot of crop improvement efforts are required in Jatropha. Availability of a large number of EST sequences of Jatropha in public domain allow identification of candidate genes for several agronomic characters including oil content in seeds. Here, we have analysed 42,477 ESTs of Jatropha spanning 22.9 Mbp for microsatellites and fatty acid metabolism related sequences. Unigene sequences were built using CAP 3 programme resulted in 12,358 contigs and 5,730 singlets. Nearly, 8 % unigenes showed presence of microsatellites, slightly overrepresented compared to their occurrence in ESTs. Most of the microsatellites were either di-or tri-nucleotide repeats, while other categories of tetra-, penta-and hexa-nucleotide repeats together constituted~4 % of total microsatellites. Assessment of functional relevance of unigenes was carried out using Blast2GO using its default settings. The overall sequence similarity level against sequences in 'nr' database was >80 %. A total of 931 sequences that participated in any of the pathways related to fatty acid or lipid metabolism were found at GO level 6. Among these, GO terms "Fatty acid metabolic process" and "Fatty acid biosynthetic process" were most overrepresented. Overall, our work has due relevance in identifying molecular markers for the candidate genes for oil content in Jatropha seeds, and will prove to be an important reference for further studies for identification of trait specific markers in Jatropha.
This article describes a one pot, solvent free, microwave assisted synthesis of O,O-dialkyl dialk... more This article describes a one pot, solvent free, microwave assisted synthesis of O,O-dialkyl dialkylpyrophosphonates (DADAPP) from O-alkyl alkylphosphonic chlorides 2a–j with 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) in the presence of water under microwave irradiation. The reaction takes place by the phosphonium salts, which are converted into the DADAPPs 4a–j. These DADAPPs are important markers of chemical warfare agents sarin, soman, and VX and their analogues. The method has several advantages over the conventional methods such as operational simplicity, high yield, and reduced reaction time.
AYU (An International Quarterly Journal of Research in Ayurveda), 2012
Vara Asanadi Kwatha (VAK) is a compound Ayurvedic formulation prescribed in the management of obe... more Vara Asanadi Kwatha (VAK) is a compound Ayurvedic formulation prescribed in the management of obesity. Pharmacognostical study counting both macroscopic and powder microscopy of raw drug exposed the quality and genuineness of all the constituents of VAK. Organoleptic features of coarse powder made out of the crude drugs were within the standard range. Specific gravity of the decoction was 1.0185 and pH was 5.5.Total solid content present in the Kwatha was 4.525% w/v, total ash 0.949% w/v, and acid insoluble ash was 0.052% w/v. Iron assay showed the presence of Fe 2 O 3 as 0.065% w/v. Qualitative scrutiny demonstrated the presence of flavonoids and tannis. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) were carried out after organizing appropriate solvent system in which maximum three spots were distinguished in TLC and nine spots in HPTLC and most of the R f values were identical when done with different sample extractive methods. This shows the presence of certain definite constituents in the decoction and is helpful for the easy separation of these constituents.
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