Anais do Congresso Brasileiro de Imunologia On-line, 2021
Introdução: As infecções bacterianas têm aumentado significativamente nas últimas décadas, sobret... more Introdução: As infecções bacterianas têm aumentado significativamente nas últimas décadas, sobretudo aquelas ocasionadas por microrganismos multirresistentes. Assim, o uso de produtos naturais com finalidades terapêuticas surge com alvo de bioprospecção na busca de novos compostos com ação antimicrobiana. Além disso, o uso de insetos, como o Tenebrio molitor como modelo experimental para avaliação in vivo tem sido muito frequente, pois exige menos material em relação aos testes com animais vertebrados. Objetivo: O presente trabalho investigou o efeito citotóxico e ação antimicrobiana do extrato hidroalcoólico das flores de Anacardium occidentale (EHAo) e do ácido elágico. Material e Métodos: Avaliamos a citoxicidade de ácido elágico e do EHAo nas concentrações (1; 5 e 50mg/kg) em Tenebrio molitor. A ação antimicrobiana para Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Klebsiella pneumoniae e a toxicidade do ácido elág...
Introdução: No estado do Maranhão incluído na região da Pré-Amazônia, a diversidade da flora impr... more Introdução: No estado do Maranhão incluído na região da Pré-Amazônia, a diversidade da flora imprimiu a fitoterapia uma forte tradição popular de uso para tratamentos de enfermidades, porém, somente uma pequena parcela desses vegetais já foi avaliada cientificamente, destacando a importância da procura por novos agentes farmacologicamente ativos, encontrados nas plantas no intuito de obter drogas clinicamente ativas. Objetivo: Desta forma, o presente trabalho investigou o potencial analgésico de três extratos vegetais. Métodos: Utilizou-se dois extratos hidroalcoólicos preparados com folhas de Platonia insignis (EHPI) e Vismia guianensis (EHVG) e um extrato aquoso do mesocarpo de Attalea speciosa (EAB). A ação anti-nociceptiva foi avaliada por Tail flick em 25 camundongos Swiss fêmeas (n=5/grupo), distribuídos em 5 grupos, tratados como a seguir: grupo Controle recebeu solução salina tamponada com fosfato (PBS), por via oral e foi considerado como negativo; grupo Morfina: recebeu a ...
Human schistosomiasis is caused by helminths of the genus Schistosoma. Macrophages play a crucial... more Human schistosomiasis is caused by helminths of the genus Schistosoma. Macrophages play a crucial role in the immune regulation of this disease. These cells acquire different phenotypes depending on the type of stimulus they receive. M1 macrophages can be ‘classically activated’ and can display a proinflammatory phenotype. M2 or ‘alternatively activated’ macrophages are considered anti-inflammatory cells. Despite the relevance of macrophages in controlling infections, the role of the functional types of these cells in schistosomiasis is unclear. This review highlights different molecules and/or macrophage activation and polarization pathways during Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma japonicum infection. This review is based on original and review articles obtained through searches in major databases, including Scopus, Google Scholar, ACS, PubMed, Wiley, Scielo, Web of Science, LILACS and ScienceDirect. Our findings emphasize the importance of S. mansoni and S. japonicum antigens in...
In folk medicine, Vismia guianensis is used to treat skin diseases and mycoses in the Amazon regi... more In folk medicine, Vismia guianensis is used to treat skin diseases and mycoses in the Amazon region. We evaluated the anti-Candida activity of the hydroalcoholic extract from the leaves of Vismia guianensis (EHVG). HPLC-PDA and FIA-ESI-IT-MSn were used to chemically characterize EHVG. The anti-Candida activity was determined in vitro by the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against Candida glabrata (ATCC-2001); Candida albicans (ATCC-90028, ATCC-14053, and ATCC-SC5314), and C. albicans clinical isolates. EHVG effects on adhesion, growth, and biofilm formation were also determined. Molecular docking was used to predict targets for EHVG compounds. The main compounds identified included anthraquinone, vismione D, kaempferol, quercetin, and vitexin. EHVG was fungicidal against all tested strains. C. albicans ATCC 14053 and C. glabrata ATCC 2001 were the most sensitive strains, as the extract inhibited their virulence factors. In silico analysis indicated that vismione D presented ...
Candida albicans is a human pathogen that is part of the healthy microbiome. However, it is often... more Candida albicans is a human pathogen that is part of the healthy microbiome. However, it is often associated with opportunistic fungal infections. The treatment of these infections is challenging because prolonged exposure to antifungal drugs can culminate in fungal resistance during therapy, and there is a limited number of available drugs. Therefore, this study investigated the antifungal activity of ononin by in silico and in vitro assays, and in Tenebrio molitor as an alternative in vivo model of infection caused by C. albicans. Ononin is an isoflavone glycoside derived from formononetin that has various biological activities. According in silico evaluation, ononin showed the best electron affinity in molecular docking with CaCYP51, with a binding free energy of −10.89 kcal/mol, superior to that of the antifungal drugs fluconazole and posaconazole. The ononin + CaCYP51 complex formed hydrogen bonds with Tyr132, Ser378, Phe380, and Met508, as well as hydrophobic connections with ...
Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. massiliense (Mabs) causes chronic infections, which has led to the... more Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. massiliense (Mabs) causes chronic infections, which has led to the need for new antimycobacterial agents. In this study, we investigated the antimycobacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethyl acetate fraction of Bixa orellana leaves (BoEA) and ellagic acid (ElAc). In silico analysis predicted that ElAc had low toxicity, was not mutagenic or carcinogenic, and had antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. Apparently, ElAc can interact with COX2 and Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) enzymes, which could explain both activities. In vitro analysis showed that BoEA and ElAc exerted antimicrobial activity against Mabs (minimum inhibitory concentration of 1.56, 1.56 mg/mL and bactericidal concentration of 6.25, 3.12 mg/mL, respectively. Clarithromycin showed MIC and MBC of 1 and 6 µg/mL). Treatment with BoEA or ElAc increased survival of Tenebrio molitor larvae after lethal infection with Mabs and reduced carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice, ...
This study investigated the effects of babassu and coconut oil supplementation in breast cancer p... more This study investigated the effects of babassu and coconut oil supplementation in breast cancer patients. This randomized clinical trial included 60 patients divided into three groups: untreated control group (CG), babassu oil group (BG), and coconut oil group (COG). Fatigue, quality of life, depression, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and salivary IgA were analysed before and after 12 weeks of supplementation. Babassu supplementation decreased fatigue and improved quality of life but did not affect depression scores. Babassu also decreased TNF-α and IL-6 levels and increased IgA in saliva compared to the COG and CG. In conclusion, babassu oil supplementation reduced fatigue and improved the quality of life of breast cancer patients, and these outcomes are probably related to the immunomodulatory effects of babassu oil in reducing proinflammatory cytokines and increasing IgA antibody production. These findings indicate that babassu oil may be useful as a supplement to reduce cancer-related fatigue. 1. Introduction Cancer is a public health problem worldwide, and demographic and epidemiological transitions point to increases in the estimated number of cases. By 2025, more than 20 million new cases are expected, especially in low-and middle-income countries (Ferlay et al., 2015). Data from the Brazilian National Cancer Institute indicate that breast cancer is the second most frequent type of cancer worldwide and the most frequent cancer type in women (Brasil, 2018). Breast cancer has negative physiological repercussions, and treatment can lead to physical and psychological morbidity, which may include changes in social life and limitations in the ability to perform daily activities (Costa, Eleuterio, Giraldo, & Goncalves, 2017). The most common breast cancer treatments are loco-regional treatments, including surgery and radiotherapy, and systemic treatment with chemotherapy and hormone therapy (Paula, Moraes, & Ornellas, 2012). These therapies may be associated with adverse effects such as fatigue, pain, muscle mass loss, weight gain, ovarian failure, decreased bone mineral density, pulmonary embolism, venous thrombosis, arthralgia, fractures, cardiac events, and hyposalivation, among others (Lagares,
Babassu is the popular name of Orbignya phalerata Mart. (Arecaceae). The mesocarp flour obtained ... more Babassu is the popular name of Orbignya phalerata Mart. (Arecaceae). The mesocarp flour obtained from their fruits has been used in Brazil as medicine in the treatment of pains, constipation, obesity, leukemia, rheumatism, ulcerations, tumors, inflammations and venous diseases. The effect of the chronic oral treatment with aqueous extract of babassu mesocarp (500 mg/kg day) on the number of platelets, the prothrombin time (PT), the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), the nitric oxide (NO) production and the carrageenin-induced thrombosis was evaluated, using C57Bl/6 mice. The chronic oral treatment with babassu mesocarp induced an anti-thrombotic effect. There was a 88.9% reduction in the necrosis of the tail. This effect seems to be related to an increase in the ability of the macrophage to produce NO and to a slow coagulation process associated to an increase of 12.0 and 13.9% in PT and aPTT, respectively. However, the anti-thrombotic effect seems to be not related to alterations in the number of platelets. It is possible to conclude that the oral treatment with babassu mesocarp has a significant anti-thrombotic effect, which could justify the popular use of babassu mesocarp in the treatment of venous diseases. Meanwhile, this study suggests a potential use of babassu mesocarp as a prophylactic agent to avoid thrombosis events.
The propolis of Scaptotrigona aff. postica is popularly used in Maranhão State, Brazil, for treat... more The propolis of Scaptotrigona aff. postica is popularly used in Maranhão State, Brazil, for treating wounds and respiratory illnesses. Nevertheless, little is known about the chemical composition of this propolis and the adverse effects of its use. Hence, this study is a pharmacognostic characterisation of the propolis hydroalcoholic extract (PHE) from S. aff. postica. The methodology consisted of an evaluation of the sensory and chemical parameters. Chemical analysis of PHE indicated high concentrations of phenolic and triterpens substances, and the absence of steroids. Additionally, we evaluated the acute toxicity of propolis using 48 Swiss male and female mice. The animals received single doses of PHE (1000, 2000 or 4000 mg kg⁻¹) orally and were observed for 14 days. After this period, the mice were sacrificed and the blood was used for biochemical and haematological evaluation. PHE did not induce any death, and the acute treatment significantly reduced serum concentrations of al...
Medicina Oral Patología Oral y Cirugia Bucal, 2019
Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between chronic kidney diseas... more Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and dental caries. Material and Methods: 107 patients with CKD and 107 with no systemic alteration were randomly included. DMFT (decayed, missing, and filled teeth), plaque index, colony-forming units (CFU) of Streptococcus mutans and salivary composition (IgA total, IgA anti-Streptococcus mutans, calcium and urea) were evaluated. McNemar and Wilcoxon tests were used to compare test and control groups. Spearman test was used to correlate time of hemodialysis and variables studied. Associations between variables were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. Results: The number of filled teeth, the amount of IgA anti-Streptococcus mutans, salivary urea, education level, monthly income and the amount of CFU of Streptococcus mutans were statistically different between groups. There was a positive correlation between the duration of hemodialysis (Hd) and the amount of IgA anti-Streptococcus mutans, urea in saliva, and the number of CFU of Streptococcus mutans. In the adjusted model, a higher incidence of CFU mutans streptococci, elevated salivary urea, smaller number of filled teeth, lower DMFT, and less calcium salivary were associated with CKD. Conclusions: Programs to prevent and treat oral problems and regular follow-up at the beginning of dialysis are necessary to increase patients' awareness of their condition.
Este trabalho avaliou o perfil epidemiologico, os indices de infeccao por Streptococcus mutans e ... more Este trabalho avaliou o perfil epidemiologico, os indices de infeccao por Streptococcus mutans e a concentracao salivar de IgA anti- S. mutans e IgA total em criancas com idade entre 6 e 12 anos. A amostra foi constituida de 40 criancas de uma escola particular e de 40 criancas de uma escola publica. Em cada escola foram examinadas 20 meninos e 20 meninas. A infeccao pelo Streptococcus mutans foi determinada a partir da utilizacao do kit Caritest-SM® e expressa em unidades formadoras de colonias por mL da saliva (UFC/mL). A dosagem de anticorpos salivares foi realizada por ensaio imunoenzimatico ELISA ( Enzyme Linked Immunoabsorbent Assay ). A significância dos resultados microbiologicos e da concentracao salivar de IgA foram determinados por analise de variância multipareada e aplicacao do teste de Tukey-Kramer sendo que os valores de UFC/mL foram convertidos em LOG10 para analise. Considerando as 80 criancas avaliadas a infeccao por Streptococcus mutans foi detectada em 95% (76) d...
OBJETIVOS/MÉTODOS. Avaliou-se a condição periodontal de 30 pacientes, em hemodiálise, através do ... more OBJETIVOS/MÉTODOS. Avaliou-se a condição periodontal de 30 pacientes, em hemodiálise, através do índice de placa, índice gengival, índice de cálculo, PSR e quantidade de IgA na saliva, visando determinar a condição periodontal de doentes renais crônicos. RESULTADOS. Os resultados demonstraram que os índices de placa, índice gengival e índice de calculo foram considerados altos nestes pacientes. Com relação à necessidade de tratamento periodontal, observou-se que a maior parte dos pacientes em hemodiálise precisava de medidas de higiene bucal, raspagem supra e subgengival e fluoretação tópica (código 2). Em relação aos valores de IgA na saliva, somente três pacientes apresentaram densidade baixa. CONCLUSÃO. Concluiu-se que pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise apresentam maior acúmulo de placa bacteriana e elevada formação de cálculo dentário, ecessitando de tratamento periodontal como raspagem supra e subgengival.
Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a common fungal infection in women. In this study, Platonia insignis ... more Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a common fungal infection in women. In this study, Platonia insignis hydroalcoholic extract (PiHE) and its fractions were evaluated for antifungal and antivirulence activities against vaginal Candida species. Dichloromethane (DCMF) and ethyl acetate fractions (EAF) obtained from PiHE effectively inhibited the pathogen. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was used for identifying the main compounds in extracts. Minimal inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations (MIC and MFC, respectively) were determined by a broth microdilution assay. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of the extract and fractions on the virulence properties of Candida albicans, and their cytotoxicity effect was determined on RAW 264.7 cells. Compounds found in extracts were flavonoid glycosides, mainly derivatives of quercetin and myricetin. Extracts showed antifungal potential, with the lowest MIC value for EAF (1.3 mg/mL) and inhibited Candida adherence and biofilm formation. EAF...
Chronic use of statins may have anti-inflammatory action, promoting immunomodulation and survival... more Chronic use of statins may have anti-inflammatory action, promoting immunomodulation and survival in patients with sepsis. This study aimed to analyze the effects of pretreatment with simvastatin in lethal sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Male mice received prophylactic treatment with simvastatin or pyrogen-free water orally in a single daily dose for 30 days. After this period, the CLP was performed. Naïve and Sham groups were performed as non-infected controls. Animal survival was monitored for 60 h after the CLP. Half of mice were euthanized after 12 h to analyze colony-forming units (CFUs); hematological parameters; production of IL-10, IL-12, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and MCP-1; cell counts on peritoneum, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), bone marrow, spleen, and mesenteric lymph node; immunephenotyping of T cells and antigen presenting cells and production of hydrogen peroxide (HO). Simvastatin induced an increase in survival and a decrease in the CFU count on perito...
Strontium ranelate (SrRan) has the potential to interfere in the progression of osteoarthritis (O... more Strontium ranelate (SrRan) has the potential to interfere in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA), multifactorial disease associated with mechanical problems and articular inflammatory changes. This study aimed to test the effects of prophylactic and therapeutic use of SrRan on clinical parameters of pain, the inflammatory process, and degradation of the articular cartilage. This was an experimental study, using a model of knee OA induced by intra-articular injection of monoiodoacetate. Thirty Wistar rats were divided into five groups and treated as indicated: control, without intervention; prophylactic, received SrRan at a daily oral dose of 250 mg/kg for 28 days before OA induction; SrRan treatments, administered 250 or 500 mg/kg/day for 28 days after the induction; and model control, received saline solution after the induction. Behavioral tests (joint incapacity, mechanical hyperalgesia, tactile sensitivity, and forced ambulation), histological evaluation of articular cartilag...
Breast cancer research and treatment, Jan 18, 2018
Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is defined as a distressing, persistent, and subjective sense of phy... more Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is defined as a distressing, persistent, and subjective sense of physical or emotional and/or cognitive exhaustion. The treatment of CRF includes pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies; dietary strategies with promising results have also been used. This study aimed to identify dietary supplements that improve fatigue in patients with breast cancer. A systematic review of the literature was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Data were obtained from PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and CINAHL databases using the following MeSH terms: breast neoplasms, dietary supplements, diet, and fatigue. In addition, the Google and Google Scholar search engines were used to find grey literature. Methodological quality was evaluated using the risk of bias in randomised clinical trials in the systematic Cochrane reviews, and the quality of the evidence was also analysed using the GRADE syste...
Anais do Congresso Brasileiro de Imunologia On-line, 2021
Introdução: As infecções bacterianas têm aumentado significativamente nas últimas décadas, sobret... more Introdução: As infecções bacterianas têm aumentado significativamente nas últimas décadas, sobretudo aquelas ocasionadas por microrganismos multirresistentes. Assim, o uso de produtos naturais com finalidades terapêuticas surge com alvo de bioprospecção na busca de novos compostos com ação antimicrobiana. Além disso, o uso de insetos, como o Tenebrio molitor como modelo experimental para avaliação in vivo tem sido muito frequente, pois exige menos material em relação aos testes com animais vertebrados. Objetivo: O presente trabalho investigou o efeito citotóxico e ação antimicrobiana do extrato hidroalcoólico das flores de Anacardium occidentale (EHAo) e do ácido elágico. Material e Métodos: Avaliamos a citoxicidade de ácido elágico e do EHAo nas concentrações (1; 5 e 50mg/kg) em Tenebrio molitor. A ação antimicrobiana para Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Klebsiella pneumoniae e a toxicidade do ácido elág...
Introdução: No estado do Maranhão incluído na região da Pré-Amazônia, a diversidade da flora impr... more Introdução: No estado do Maranhão incluído na região da Pré-Amazônia, a diversidade da flora imprimiu a fitoterapia uma forte tradição popular de uso para tratamentos de enfermidades, porém, somente uma pequena parcela desses vegetais já foi avaliada cientificamente, destacando a importância da procura por novos agentes farmacologicamente ativos, encontrados nas plantas no intuito de obter drogas clinicamente ativas. Objetivo: Desta forma, o presente trabalho investigou o potencial analgésico de três extratos vegetais. Métodos: Utilizou-se dois extratos hidroalcoólicos preparados com folhas de Platonia insignis (EHPI) e Vismia guianensis (EHVG) e um extrato aquoso do mesocarpo de Attalea speciosa (EAB). A ação anti-nociceptiva foi avaliada por Tail flick em 25 camundongos Swiss fêmeas (n=5/grupo), distribuídos em 5 grupos, tratados como a seguir: grupo Controle recebeu solução salina tamponada com fosfato (PBS), por via oral e foi considerado como negativo; grupo Morfina: recebeu a ...
Human schistosomiasis is caused by helminths of the genus Schistosoma. Macrophages play a crucial... more Human schistosomiasis is caused by helminths of the genus Schistosoma. Macrophages play a crucial role in the immune regulation of this disease. These cells acquire different phenotypes depending on the type of stimulus they receive. M1 macrophages can be ‘classically activated’ and can display a proinflammatory phenotype. M2 or ‘alternatively activated’ macrophages are considered anti-inflammatory cells. Despite the relevance of macrophages in controlling infections, the role of the functional types of these cells in schistosomiasis is unclear. This review highlights different molecules and/or macrophage activation and polarization pathways during Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma japonicum infection. This review is based on original and review articles obtained through searches in major databases, including Scopus, Google Scholar, ACS, PubMed, Wiley, Scielo, Web of Science, LILACS and ScienceDirect. Our findings emphasize the importance of S. mansoni and S. japonicum antigens in...
In folk medicine, Vismia guianensis is used to treat skin diseases and mycoses in the Amazon regi... more In folk medicine, Vismia guianensis is used to treat skin diseases and mycoses in the Amazon region. We evaluated the anti-Candida activity of the hydroalcoholic extract from the leaves of Vismia guianensis (EHVG). HPLC-PDA and FIA-ESI-IT-MSn were used to chemically characterize EHVG. The anti-Candida activity was determined in vitro by the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against Candida glabrata (ATCC-2001); Candida albicans (ATCC-90028, ATCC-14053, and ATCC-SC5314), and C. albicans clinical isolates. EHVG effects on adhesion, growth, and biofilm formation were also determined. Molecular docking was used to predict targets for EHVG compounds. The main compounds identified included anthraquinone, vismione D, kaempferol, quercetin, and vitexin. EHVG was fungicidal against all tested strains. C. albicans ATCC 14053 and C. glabrata ATCC 2001 were the most sensitive strains, as the extract inhibited their virulence factors. In silico analysis indicated that vismione D presented ...
Candida albicans is a human pathogen that is part of the healthy microbiome. However, it is often... more Candida albicans is a human pathogen that is part of the healthy microbiome. However, it is often associated with opportunistic fungal infections. The treatment of these infections is challenging because prolonged exposure to antifungal drugs can culminate in fungal resistance during therapy, and there is a limited number of available drugs. Therefore, this study investigated the antifungal activity of ononin by in silico and in vitro assays, and in Tenebrio molitor as an alternative in vivo model of infection caused by C. albicans. Ononin is an isoflavone glycoside derived from formononetin that has various biological activities. According in silico evaluation, ononin showed the best electron affinity in molecular docking with CaCYP51, with a binding free energy of −10.89 kcal/mol, superior to that of the antifungal drugs fluconazole and posaconazole. The ononin + CaCYP51 complex formed hydrogen bonds with Tyr132, Ser378, Phe380, and Met508, as well as hydrophobic connections with ...
Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. massiliense (Mabs) causes chronic infections, which has led to the... more Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. massiliense (Mabs) causes chronic infections, which has led to the need for new antimycobacterial agents. In this study, we investigated the antimycobacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethyl acetate fraction of Bixa orellana leaves (BoEA) and ellagic acid (ElAc). In silico analysis predicted that ElAc had low toxicity, was not mutagenic or carcinogenic, and had antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. Apparently, ElAc can interact with COX2 and Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) enzymes, which could explain both activities. In vitro analysis showed that BoEA and ElAc exerted antimicrobial activity against Mabs (minimum inhibitory concentration of 1.56, 1.56 mg/mL and bactericidal concentration of 6.25, 3.12 mg/mL, respectively. Clarithromycin showed MIC and MBC of 1 and 6 µg/mL). Treatment with BoEA or ElAc increased survival of Tenebrio molitor larvae after lethal infection with Mabs and reduced carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice, ...
This study investigated the effects of babassu and coconut oil supplementation in breast cancer p... more This study investigated the effects of babassu and coconut oil supplementation in breast cancer patients. This randomized clinical trial included 60 patients divided into three groups: untreated control group (CG), babassu oil group (BG), and coconut oil group (COG). Fatigue, quality of life, depression, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and salivary IgA were analysed before and after 12 weeks of supplementation. Babassu supplementation decreased fatigue and improved quality of life but did not affect depression scores. Babassu also decreased TNF-α and IL-6 levels and increased IgA in saliva compared to the COG and CG. In conclusion, babassu oil supplementation reduced fatigue and improved the quality of life of breast cancer patients, and these outcomes are probably related to the immunomodulatory effects of babassu oil in reducing proinflammatory cytokines and increasing IgA antibody production. These findings indicate that babassu oil may be useful as a supplement to reduce cancer-related fatigue. 1. Introduction Cancer is a public health problem worldwide, and demographic and epidemiological transitions point to increases in the estimated number of cases. By 2025, more than 20 million new cases are expected, especially in low-and middle-income countries (Ferlay et al., 2015). Data from the Brazilian National Cancer Institute indicate that breast cancer is the second most frequent type of cancer worldwide and the most frequent cancer type in women (Brasil, 2018). Breast cancer has negative physiological repercussions, and treatment can lead to physical and psychological morbidity, which may include changes in social life and limitations in the ability to perform daily activities (Costa, Eleuterio, Giraldo, & Goncalves, 2017). The most common breast cancer treatments are loco-regional treatments, including surgery and radiotherapy, and systemic treatment with chemotherapy and hormone therapy (Paula, Moraes, & Ornellas, 2012). These therapies may be associated with adverse effects such as fatigue, pain, muscle mass loss, weight gain, ovarian failure, decreased bone mineral density, pulmonary embolism, venous thrombosis, arthralgia, fractures, cardiac events, and hyposalivation, among others (Lagares,
Babassu is the popular name of Orbignya phalerata Mart. (Arecaceae). The mesocarp flour obtained ... more Babassu is the popular name of Orbignya phalerata Mart. (Arecaceae). The mesocarp flour obtained from their fruits has been used in Brazil as medicine in the treatment of pains, constipation, obesity, leukemia, rheumatism, ulcerations, tumors, inflammations and venous diseases. The effect of the chronic oral treatment with aqueous extract of babassu mesocarp (500 mg/kg day) on the number of platelets, the prothrombin time (PT), the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), the nitric oxide (NO) production and the carrageenin-induced thrombosis was evaluated, using C57Bl/6 mice. The chronic oral treatment with babassu mesocarp induced an anti-thrombotic effect. There was a 88.9% reduction in the necrosis of the tail. This effect seems to be related to an increase in the ability of the macrophage to produce NO and to a slow coagulation process associated to an increase of 12.0 and 13.9% in PT and aPTT, respectively. However, the anti-thrombotic effect seems to be not related to alterations in the number of platelets. It is possible to conclude that the oral treatment with babassu mesocarp has a significant anti-thrombotic effect, which could justify the popular use of babassu mesocarp in the treatment of venous diseases. Meanwhile, this study suggests a potential use of babassu mesocarp as a prophylactic agent to avoid thrombosis events.
The propolis of Scaptotrigona aff. postica is popularly used in Maranhão State, Brazil, for treat... more The propolis of Scaptotrigona aff. postica is popularly used in Maranhão State, Brazil, for treating wounds and respiratory illnesses. Nevertheless, little is known about the chemical composition of this propolis and the adverse effects of its use. Hence, this study is a pharmacognostic characterisation of the propolis hydroalcoholic extract (PHE) from S. aff. postica. The methodology consisted of an evaluation of the sensory and chemical parameters. Chemical analysis of PHE indicated high concentrations of phenolic and triterpens substances, and the absence of steroids. Additionally, we evaluated the acute toxicity of propolis using 48 Swiss male and female mice. The animals received single doses of PHE (1000, 2000 or 4000 mg kg⁻¹) orally and were observed for 14 days. After this period, the mice were sacrificed and the blood was used for biochemical and haematological evaluation. PHE did not induce any death, and the acute treatment significantly reduced serum concentrations of al...
Medicina Oral Patología Oral y Cirugia Bucal, 2019
Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between chronic kidney diseas... more Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and dental caries. Material and Methods: 107 patients with CKD and 107 with no systemic alteration were randomly included. DMFT (decayed, missing, and filled teeth), plaque index, colony-forming units (CFU) of Streptococcus mutans and salivary composition (IgA total, IgA anti-Streptococcus mutans, calcium and urea) were evaluated. McNemar and Wilcoxon tests were used to compare test and control groups. Spearman test was used to correlate time of hemodialysis and variables studied. Associations between variables were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. Results: The number of filled teeth, the amount of IgA anti-Streptococcus mutans, salivary urea, education level, monthly income and the amount of CFU of Streptococcus mutans were statistically different between groups. There was a positive correlation between the duration of hemodialysis (Hd) and the amount of IgA anti-Streptococcus mutans, urea in saliva, and the number of CFU of Streptococcus mutans. In the adjusted model, a higher incidence of CFU mutans streptococci, elevated salivary urea, smaller number of filled teeth, lower DMFT, and less calcium salivary were associated with CKD. Conclusions: Programs to prevent and treat oral problems and regular follow-up at the beginning of dialysis are necessary to increase patients' awareness of their condition.
Este trabalho avaliou o perfil epidemiologico, os indices de infeccao por Streptococcus mutans e ... more Este trabalho avaliou o perfil epidemiologico, os indices de infeccao por Streptococcus mutans e a concentracao salivar de IgA anti- S. mutans e IgA total em criancas com idade entre 6 e 12 anos. A amostra foi constituida de 40 criancas de uma escola particular e de 40 criancas de uma escola publica. Em cada escola foram examinadas 20 meninos e 20 meninas. A infeccao pelo Streptococcus mutans foi determinada a partir da utilizacao do kit Caritest-SM® e expressa em unidades formadoras de colonias por mL da saliva (UFC/mL). A dosagem de anticorpos salivares foi realizada por ensaio imunoenzimatico ELISA ( Enzyme Linked Immunoabsorbent Assay ). A significância dos resultados microbiologicos e da concentracao salivar de IgA foram determinados por analise de variância multipareada e aplicacao do teste de Tukey-Kramer sendo que os valores de UFC/mL foram convertidos em LOG10 para analise. Considerando as 80 criancas avaliadas a infeccao por Streptococcus mutans foi detectada em 95% (76) d...
OBJETIVOS/MÉTODOS. Avaliou-se a condição periodontal de 30 pacientes, em hemodiálise, através do ... more OBJETIVOS/MÉTODOS. Avaliou-se a condição periodontal de 30 pacientes, em hemodiálise, através do índice de placa, índice gengival, índice de cálculo, PSR e quantidade de IgA na saliva, visando determinar a condição periodontal de doentes renais crônicos. RESULTADOS. Os resultados demonstraram que os índices de placa, índice gengival e índice de calculo foram considerados altos nestes pacientes. Com relação à necessidade de tratamento periodontal, observou-se que a maior parte dos pacientes em hemodiálise precisava de medidas de higiene bucal, raspagem supra e subgengival e fluoretação tópica (código 2). Em relação aos valores de IgA na saliva, somente três pacientes apresentaram densidade baixa. CONCLUSÃO. Concluiu-se que pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise apresentam maior acúmulo de placa bacteriana e elevada formação de cálculo dentário, ecessitando de tratamento periodontal como raspagem supra e subgengival.
Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a common fungal infection in women. In this study, Platonia insignis ... more Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a common fungal infection in women. In this study, Platonia insignis hydroalcoholic extract (PiHE) and its fractions were evaluated for antifungal and antivirulence activities against vaginal Candida species. Dichloromethane (DCMF) and ethyl acetate fractions (EAF) obtained from PiHE effectively inhibited the pathogen. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was used for identifying the main compounds in extracts. Minimal inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations (MIC and MFC, respectively) were determined by a broth microdilution assay. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of the extract and fractions on the virulence properties of Candida albicans, and their cytotoxicity effect was determined on RAW 264.7 cells. Compounds found in extracts were flavonoid glycosides, mainly derivatives of quercetin and myricetin. Extracts showed antifungal potential, with the lowest MIC value for EAF (1.3 mg/mL) and inhibited Candida adherence and biofilm formation. EAF...
Chronic use of statins may have anti-inflammatory action, promoting immunomodulation and survival... more Chronic use of statins may have anti-inflammatory action, promoting immunomodulation and survival in patients with sepsis. This study aimed to analyze the effects of pretreatment with simvastatin in lethal sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Male mice received prophylactic treatment with simvastatin or pyrogen-free water orally in a single daily dose for 30 days. After this period, the CLP was performed. Naïve and Sham groups were performed as non-infected controls. Animal survival was monitored for 60 h after the CLP. Half of mice were euthanized after 12 h to analyze colony-forming units (CFUs); hematological parameters; production of IL-10, IL-12, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and MCP-1; cell counts on peritoneum, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), bone marrow, spleen, and mesenteric lymph node; immunephenotyping of T cells and antigen presenting cells and production of hydrogen peroxide (HO). Simvastatin induced an increase in survival and a decrease in the CFU count on perito...
Strontium ranelate (SrRan) has the potential to interfere in the progression of osteoarthritis (O... more Strontium ranelate (SrRan) has the potential to interfere in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA), multifactorial disease associated with mechanical problems and articular inflammatory changes. This study aimed to test the effects of prophylactic and therapeutic use of SrRan on clinical parameters of pain, the inflammatory process, and degradation of the articular cartilage. This was an experimental study, using a model of knee OA induced by intra-articular injection of monoiodoacetate. Thirty Wistar rats were divided into five groups and treated as indicated: control, without intervention; prophylactic, received SrRan at a daily oral dose of 250 mg/kg for 28 days before OA induction; SrRan treatments, administered 250 or 500 mg/kg/day for 28 days after the induction; and model control, received saline solution after the induction. Behavioral tests (joint incapacity, mechanical hyperalgesia, tactile sensitivity, and forced ambulation), histological evaluation of articular cartilag...
Breast cancer research and treatment, Jan 18, 2018
Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is defined as a distressing, persistent, and subjective sense of phy... more Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is defined as a distressing, persistent, and subjective sense of physical or emotional and/or cognitive exhaustion. The treatment of CRF includes pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies; dietary strategies with promising results have also been used. This study aimed to identify dietary supplements that improve fatigue in patients with breast cancer. A systematic review of the literature was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Data were obtained from PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and CINAHL databases using the following MeSH terms: breast neoplasms, dietary supplements, diet, and fatigue. In addition, the Google and Google Scholar search engines were used to find grey literature. Methodological quality was evaluated using the risk of bias in randomised clinical trials in the systematic Cochrane reviews, and the quality of the evidence was also analysed using the GRADE syste...
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RESULTADOS. Os resultados demonstraram que os índices de placa, índice gengival e índice de calculo foram considerados altos nestes pacientes. Com relação à necessidade de tratamento periodontal, observou-se que a maior parte dos pacientes
em hemodiálise precisava de medidas de higiene bucal, raspagem supra e subgengival e fluoretação tópica (código 2). Em relação aos valores de IgA na saliva, somente três pacientes apresentaram densidade baixa.
CONCLUSÃO. Concluiu-se que pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise apresentam maior acúmulo de placa bacteriana e elevada formação de cálculo dentário, ecessitando de tratamento periodontal como raspagem supra e subgengival.
RESULTADOS. Os resultados demonstraram que os índices de placa, índice gengival e índice de calculo foram considerados altos nestes pacientes. Com relação à necessidade de tratamento periodontal, observou-se que a maior parte dos pacientes
em hemodiálise precisava de medidas de higiene bucal, raspagem supra e subgengival e fluoretação tópica (código 2). Em relação aos valores de IgA na saliva, somente três pacientes apresentaram densidade baixa.
CONCLUSÃO. Concluiu-se que pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise apresentam maior acúmulo de placa bacteriana e elevada formação de cálculo dentário, ecessitando de tratamento periodontal como raspagem supra e subgengival.