This study assessed the knowledge related to HIV/AIDS and preventive practices among Injecting Dr... more This study assessed the knowledge related to HIV/AIDS and preventive practices among Injecting Drug Users (IDUs) of Dhaka city in Bangladesh. Bangladesh is turning into one with concentrated epidemic due to the high HIV prevalence rate among IDUs (7%). IDUs are vulnerable of acquiring HIV/AIDS due to their injecting practices and high risk behaviors. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study on 200 IDUs of Dhaka city was conducted to evaluate their knowledge. About half of the respondents (48%) were in the age group of 18-26 years. Majority (58.5%) of the respondents had poor knowledge on HIV/AIDS. Regarding practice majority (94.5%) of the IDUs shared needle, 69% had multiple sex partners, out of which only 2.5% used new disposable syringe and only 4.8% always used condom during intercourse. Socio-demographic characteristics such as age and education of the respondents were significantly associated with knowledge on HIV/AIDS among IDUs (p<0.05). This study shows that knowledge alone is not enough to prevent HIV/AIDS but strategies to instill positive attitude and better practices for preventing HIV/AIDS transmission should be implemented.
Healthcare students are clinicians-in-training likely to come into contact with COVID-19 as much ... more Healthcare students are clinicians-in-training likely to come into contact with COVID-19 as much as other frontline healthcare professionals. It is therefore necessary to prioritize vaccinations for this group. We conducted a global systematic assessment of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates and related factors among healthcare students using the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases and keyword searches in March of 2022. We found 1779 articles with relevant information and 31 articles that matched our inclusion criteria. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis and quality assessment using the eight-item Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal test for cross-sectional studies. A total of 30,272 individuals from 16 countries were studied. Most of the studies were carried out in the U.S. (n = 6), China (n = 5), Poland (n = 5), India (n = 2), Italy (n = 2), and Israel (n = 2). The prevalence of the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate was 68.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6...
Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia is a major cause of acute renal failure in neonates. So it is es... more Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia is a major cause of acute renal failure in neonates. So it is essential to evaluate renal function at an early stage to stabilize fluid and electrolyte balance which is of great importance to infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Yet, it is not quite easy to evaluate neonatal renal function accurately. Objective: To Determinate the Degree or Severity of Renal Impairment According To HIE Stages in PNA Patients. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of neonatology, Chattagram Ma-O-Shishu hospital from January 2016 to June 2016. All Perinatal asphyxia patients admitted in the department of neonatology, Chattagram Maa-Shishu O General Hospital fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the study. As the study was done in a single center and due to time constrain 180 cases were enrolled in this study. After taking informed written consent from legal attended a total of 150 asphyxiated and 30 non-asphyxiated newborns were selected by purposive sampling. Results: During the study period, there were total 197 eligible infants. Among them 154 were case and 43 were control.
Abstract Agriculture plays a vital role in the economy of Bangladesh. It is providing employment ... more Abstract Agriculture plays a vital role in the economy of Bangladesh. It is providing employment opportunities to over half of the workforce and contributes as much as 13.41% of the national GDP. Yet, a significant portion of those who are involved in agriculture, both as producers and laborers, live near the poverty line. One of the prime factors suppressing their economic growth is the poor rate of adoption of relevant information channelizes through ICT. This study aimed to explore prominent factors that are influencing the adoption of ICT-based information services by smallholder farmers in rural Bangladesh through applying the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology(UTAUT)model. Data has been collected from 150 smallholder farmers from five different districts of Bangladesh. Data analysis revealed that performance expectancy, facilitating condition, effort expectancy,trust&security issues have a substantial influence on the intent to adopt ICT-based services. The facilitating condition was found to have both direct as well as partially mediating effects on the adoption of ICT. However, effort expectancy andsecurity&trust have a negative impact on the behavioral intention to adopt ICT by the smallholder farmers. This study uniquely identifies the factors of adoption of ICT-based tools and services of the economically marginalized section of the society and the outcome of this study could help the policy makers to formulate policies for farmers to reap benefits from ICT usage.
A total of 12 billion tons of concrete materials are produced annually, about 2 tons per person. ... more A total of 12 billion tons of concrete materials are produced annually, about 2 tons per person. More sustainable buildings are thus needed to decrease the carbon footprint of concrete infrastructures in the context of climate change. Crack formation is a major flaw of concrete structures. Although cracks are usually small and do not necessarily induce building collapse, cracks reduce the life span and sustainability of buildings. Therefore, research has developed self-healing materials that are capable of repairing narrow cracks automatically. Here we review self-healing technologies such as adding mineral mixtures, bacteria, and adhesive liquids. Mineral healing is economically positive, yet relies on suitable conditions such as the presence of water, and is less efficient to heal larger cracks. By contrast, the bacterial encapsulation is promising due to the uniform characteristics of bacteria in the alkaline environment of concrete.
International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 2021
Tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcome is an important indicator to improve TB control efforts. We a... more Tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcome is an important indicator to improve TB control efforts. We assessed factors associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes among smear-positive pulmonary TB patients reported to the national TB program from January 2012 to December 2013 in Bangladesh. Favorable outcomes were cured and treatment completed with unfavorable outcomes as failed, defaulted, died and lost to follow-up. We retrieved 98,932 patients with outcome data; 65,458 (66%) were male and 7,956 (8%) had unfavorable outcomes (3,737 (47%) died, 1,641 (21%) defaulted, and 1,599 (20%) lost to follow-up). In multivariable analysis, male gender (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.34-1.49) and treatment at a chest disease hospital (CDH) (aOR 1.44; 95% CI 1.25-1.66) were risk factors. The association between male gender and unfavorable outcomes may result from the high smoking rates among males in Bangladesh. The association of treatment at a CDH with unfavorable...
Vaccination is undoubtedly one of the most effective strategies to halt the COVID-19 pandemic. Th... more Vaccination is undoubtedly one of the most effective strategies to halt the COVID-19 pandemic. The current study aimed to investigate the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination and its associated factors using two health behavior change frameworks: the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). A total of 639 Bangladeshi adults (mean age: 24 years) participated in a cross-sectional online study between July and August 2021. The questionnaire covered questions regarding vaccine intentions, sociodemographic features, health status, perceived trust in/satisfaction with health authorities, reasons for vaccine hesitancy, and factors related to the health behavior change frameworks. Hierarchical logistic regression was employed to determine associations between these predictors and vaccine acceptance. The intention to get a COVID-19 vaccination was expressed among 85% of the participants. In fully adjusted models, students and respondents with more normal body weights...
Background: In the 21st century, the prevalence pattern of hypertension in different developing c... more Background: In the 21st century, the prevalence pattern of hypertension in different developing countries differs from developed countries. Persistent hypertension is one of the risk factors and is the leading cause of heart disease, chronic kidney disease (CKD) & cerebrovascular disease. Even mild to moderate essential hypertension usually causes significant renal function impairment only after several years. Objectives: To assess the serum uric acid level in hypertensive patients and compare the findings with those found in normotensive people. Materials & Methods: This case-control study was done at the Department of Biochemistry, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh during the period of January 2010 to December 2010. A total of 143 subjects of both sexes were selected for the purpose. Out of them, 73 were the case and 70 were the control. The subjects were classified into the following groups; Group I includes 73 were essential hypertensive subjects. Group II includes 70 were ...
As technology evolves, our digital footprint keeps increasing. Now, everything we do is largely r... more As technology evolves, our digital footprint keeps increasing. Now, everything we do is largely related to us being online, connected and logged. Therefore, if someone’s online data is exposed, then their life will be compromised. This is called identity theft and in this era of technology, it has become one of the most serious forms of crime. When someone’s data is compromised, there is a huge chance of harming the person financially, morally and socially. New technology and the knowledge gap it creates when it first comes out is perfect for identity thieves to exploit. If we are not cautious, our future will be very different than what we dream of due to the very technology created to make it better. Hence, we need to understand the technology, identify the loopholes and educate ourselves to avoid being held captive by our digital footprint.
Utilization of maternal health services and postpartum contraception help to decrease rates of ma... more Utilization of maternal health services and postpartum contraception help to decrease rates of maternal and infant morbidity and mortality by preventing unintended, high risk pregnancies and also by delaying subsequent pregnancies. A cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the utilization of maternal health services and its association with post-partum contraception among Bangladeshi women in a hospital in Gazipur district. A total of 344 women were randomly selected who had delivered at least one child within last one year and completed 12 months post-partum period. Uni-variate and bi-variate analyses were used as statistical methods. Mean age of the respondent was 21.5 years (Mean ± SD, 21.5 ± 6.634). Nuclear families (61.30%) were predominant in number. Most of them were illiterate (44.8%). Antenatal care was significantly associated with socio-demographic factors like respondents' and their husbands' education, husbands' income and types of family. Only 17% illiterate respondents received antenatal care for four or more times whereas 52.38% who graduated or above received the same. Most of the deliveries occurred at home (54.4%). These deliveries were performed by non-skilled personnel (54.6%) while the rest were performed by skilled personnel. This study also found that postnatal care was significantly associated with respondents' and their husbands' education, and husbands' income. This study is expected to help program planners, policy makers to design interventions for their programs to enhance the use of maternal health services as well as postpartum contraception among Bangladeshi women.
Foods are the major source of energy and nutrition for all the living organisms. Measuring food s... more Foods are the major source of energy and nutrition for all the living organisms. Measuring food safety and security is a vital concern nowadays. The present study attempted to evaluate a complete microbiological profile of some popular food items collected from different restaurants along with their drug-resistant profile. The main focus of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 60 seconds microwave oven heat on the growth of microorganisms present in the collected food items. Presence of bacterial and fungal microbiological profiling of the food items and their drug-resistant pattern were determined through conventional cultural, biochemical and Kirby Bauer methods. After that, the food was heated in the microwave oven for 60 seconds. All the food items (chicken sandwich, French pizza, chicken pie, pasta, hot dog) were found to be highly contaminated with total viable bacteria and fungus up to 107CFU/g while the pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp.,...
Introduction: Renal involvement is frequent in neonates with perinatal asphyxia. It is correlated... more Introduction: Renal involvement is frequent in neonates with perinatal asphyxia. It is correlated with the severity of neurological damage and degree of involvement depends upon the severity of asphyxia. To assess the status of renal function in new born suffering from prenatal asphyxia and to precise the relationship between severity cerebral damage and renal failure. Materials and Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Neonatology, Chattogram Maa O Shishu Medical College Hospital, Agrabad, Chattogram on 180 full-term neonates (150 cases and 30 control). The cases were categorized according to HIE Sarnat stages. Results: Among cases, 83(53.4%) were with HIE I, 53 (35.3%) were HIE II and 14(9.3%) were HIE III. The mean value of S. Creatinine was high in cases 1.64 ± 0.33 mg/dl vs 0.41 ± 0.09 mg/dl (p value <0.001) and it is highest in HIE stage III 1.85 ± 0.20 mg/dl (p value is <0.001). Mean Serum Potassium was high in cases 5.88 ± 0...
International Journal of Network Security & Its Applications, 2019
Technology has developed so fast that we feel both safe as well as unsafe in both ways. Systems u... more Technology has developed so fast that we feel both safe as well as unsafe in both ways. Systems used today are always prone to attack by malicious users. In most cases, services are hindered because these systems cannot handle the amount of over loads the attacker provides. So, proper service load measurement is necessary. The tool that is being described in this paper for developments is based on the Denial of Service methodologies. This tool, XDoser will put a synthetic load on the servers for testing purpose. The HTTP Flood method is used which includes an HTTP POST method as it forces the website to gather the maximum resources possible in response to every single request. The tool developed in this paper will focus on overloading the backend with multiple requests. So, the tool can be implemented for servers new or old for synthetic test endurance testing.
Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired immune Deficiency Syndromes (AIDS) continues to... more Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired immune Deficiency Syndromes (AIDS) continues to be a major burden of morbidity and mortality among the population. Injecting drug users (IDUs) are at high risk of contracting the disease. The study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge of HIV/AIDS and the influence of different socio-demographic factors among IDUs in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. A descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 200 injecting drug users were selected purposively. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for collecting socio-demographic information of the respondents and their knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS. The level of knowledge was categorized into two: poor (<Mean – 1 SD) and good (≥Mean + 1 SD). The χ2 test was used for finding the association between socio-demographic factors and level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS. Forty-eight percent of the respondents were aged 18-26 years, and 33% were educated up to secondary level. Ab...
The aim of this paper is to assess the service quality of Dhaka Electric Supply Company Limited's... more The aim of this paper is to assess the service quality of Dhaka Electric Supply Company Limited's (DESCO) online bill payment system using extended SERVQUAL model termed as SERVQUAL-Butterfly Model that integrates customer expectation and perception of actual service quality, customer satisfaction, and loyalty. Using random sampling method, primary data were collected from a total of 300 customers from three operating zones of DESCO. The data were analyzed through PLS-SEM second-order hierarchical modeling approach and Importance-Performance Map Analysis (IPMA). We found that expectation on service quality has no effect on customer satisfaction; however, it influences the formation of perception about the actual quality of service. Customer satisfaction is significantly influenced by the perception of actual service quality and customer satisfaction significantly helps to make the customer loyal. For DESCO, empathy found to be a powerful indicator of both expectation and actual service quality and perception of actual service found to be the single most
This study assessed the knowledge related to HIV/AIDS and preventive practices among Injecting Dr... more This study assessed the knowledge related to HIV/AIDS and preventive practices among Injecting Drug Users (IDUs) of Dhaka city in Bangladesh. Bangladesh is turning into one with concentrated epidemic due to the high HIV prevalence rate among IDUs (7%). IDUs are vulnerable of acquiring HIV/AIDS due to their injecting practices and high risk behaviors. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study on 200 IDUs of Dhaka city was conducted to evaluate their knowledge. About half of the respondents (48%) were in the age group of 18-26 years. Majority (58.5%) of the respondents had poor knowledge on HIV/AIDS. Regarding practice majority (94.5%) of the IDUs shared needle, 69% had multiple sex partners, out of which only 2.5% used new disposable syringe and only 4.8% always used condom during intercourse. Socio-demographic characteristics such as age and education of the respondents were significantly associated with knowledge on HIV/AIDS among IDUs (p&lt;0.05). This study shows that knowledge alone is not enough to prevent HIV/AIDS but strategies to instill positive attitude and better practices for preventing HIV/AIDS transmission should be implemented.
Healthcare students are clinicians-in-training likely to come into contact with COVID-19 as much ... more Healthcare students are clinicians-in-training likely to come into contact with COVID-19 as much as other frontline healthcare professionals. It is therefore necessary to prioritize vaccinations for this group. We conducted a global systematic assessment of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates and related factors among healthcare students using the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases and keyword searches in March of 2022. We found 1779 articles with relevant information and 31 articles that matched our inclusion criteria. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis and quality assessment using the eight-item Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal test for cross-sectional studies. A total of 30,272 individuals from 16 countries were studied. Most of the studies were carried out in the U.S. (n = 6), China (n = 5), Poland (n = 5), India (n = 2), Italy (n = 2), and Israel (n = 2). The prevalence of the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate was 68.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6...
Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia is a major cause of acute renal failure in neonates. So it is es... more Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia is a major cause of acute renal failure in neonates. So it is essential to evaluate renal function at an early stage to stabilize fluid and electrolyte balance which is of great importance to infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Yet, it is not quite easy to evaluate neonatal renal function accurately. Objective: To Determinate the Degree or Severity of Renal Impairment According To HIE Stages in PNA Patients. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of neonatology, Chattagram Ma-O-Shishu hospital from January 2016 to June 2016. All Perinatal asphyxia patients admitted in the department of neonatology, Chattagram Maa-Shishu O General Hospital fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the study. As the study was done in a single center and due to time constrain 180 cases were enrolled in this study. After taking informed written consent from legal attended a total of 150 asphyxiated and 30 non-asphyxiated newborns were selected by purposive sampling. Results: During the study period, there were total 197 eligible infants. Among them 154 were case and 43 were control.
Abstract Agriculture plays a vital role in the economy of Bangladesh. It is providing employment ... more Abstract Agriculture plays a vital role in the economy of Bangladesh. It is providing employment opportunities to over half of the workforce and contributes as much as 13.41% of the national GDP. Yet, a significant portion of those who are involved in agriculture, both as producers and laborers, live near the poverty line. One of the prime factors suppressing their economic growth is the poor rate of adoption of relevant information channelizes through ICT. This study aimed to explore prominent factors that are influencing the adoption of ICT-based information services by smallholder farmers in rural Bangladesh through applying the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology(UTAUT)model. Data has been collected from 150 smallholder farmers from five different districts of Bangladesh. Data analysis revealed that performance expectancy, facilitating condition, effort expectancy,trust&amp;security issues have a substantial influence on the intent to adopt ICT-based services. The facilitating condition was found to have both direct as well as partially mediating effects on the adoption of ICT. However, effort expectancy andsecurity&amp;trust have a negative impact on the behavioral intention to adopt ICT by the smallholder farmers. This study uniquely identifies the factors of adoption of ICT-based tools and services of the economically marginalized section of the society and the outcome of this study could help the policy makers to formulate policies for farmers to reap benefits from ICT usage.
A total of 12 billion tons of concrete materials are produced annually, about 2 tons per person. ... more A total of 12 billion tons of concrete materials are produced annually, about 2 tons per person. More sustainable buildings are thus needed to decrease the carbon footprint of concrete infrastructures in the context of climate change. Crack formation is a major flaw of concrete structures. Although cracks are usually small and do not necessarily induce building collapse, cracks reduce the life span and sustainability of buildings. Therefore, research has developed self-healing materials that are capable of repairing narrow cracks automatically. Here we review self-healing technologies such as adding mineral mixtures, bacteria, and adhesive liquids. Mineral healing is economically positive, yet relies on suitable conditions such as the presence of water, and is less efficient to heal larger cracks. By contrast, the bacterial encapsulation is promising due to the uniform characteristics of bacteria in the alkaline environment of concrete.
International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 2021
Tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcome is an important indicator to improve TB control efforts. We a... more Tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcome is an important indicator to improve TB control efforts. We assessed factors associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes among smear-positive pulmonary TB patients reported to the national TB program from January 2012 to December 2013 in Bangladesh. Favorable outcomes were cured and treatment completed with unfavorable outcomes as failed, defaulted, died and lost to follow-up. We retrieved 98,932 patients with outcome data; 65,458 (66%) were male and 7,956 (8%) had unfavorable outcomes (3,737 (47%) died, 1,641 (21%) defaulted, and 1,599 (20%) lost to follow-up). In multivariable analysis, male gender (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.34-1.49) and treatment at a chest disease hospital (CDH) (aOR 1.44; 95% CI 1.25-1.66) were risk factors. The association between male gender and unfavorable outcomes may result from the high smoking rates among males in Bangladesh. The association of treatment at a CDH with unfavorable...
Vaccination is undoubtedly one of the most effective strategies to halt the COVID-19 pandemic. Th... more Vaccination is undoubtedly one of the most effective strategies to halt the COVID-19 pandemic. The current study aimed to investigate the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination and its associated factors using two health behavior change frameworks: the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). A total of 639 Bangladeshi adults (mean age: 24 years) participated in a cross-sectional online study between July and August 2021. The questionnaire covered questions regarding vaccine intentions, sociodemographic features, health status, perceived trust in/satisfaction with health authorities, reasons for vaccine hesitancy, and factors related to the health behavior change frameworks. Hierarchical logistic regression was employed to determine associations between these predictors and vaccine acceptance. The intention to get a COVID-19 vaccination was expressed among 85% of the participants. In fully adjusted models, students and respondents with more normal body weights...
Background: In the 21st century, the prevalence pattern of hypertension in different developing c... more Background: In the 21st century, the prevalence pattern of hypertension in different developing countries differs from developed countries. Persistent hypertension is one of the risk factors and is the leading cause of heart disease, chronic kidney disease (CKD) & cerebrovascular disease. Even mild to moderate essential hypertension usually causes significant renal function impairment only after several years. Objectives: To assess the serum uric acid level in hypertensive patients and compare the findings with those found in normotensive people. Materials & Methods: This case-control study was done at the Department of Biochemistry, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh during the period of January 2010 to December 2010. A total of 143 subjects of both sexes were selected for the purpose. Out of them, 73 were the case and 70 were the control. The subjects were classified into the following groups; Group I includes 73 were essential hypertensive subjects. Group II includes 70 were ...
As technology evolves, our digital footprint keeps increasing. Now, everything we do is largely r... more As technology evolves, our digital footprint keeps increasing. Now, everything we do is largely related to us being online, connected and logged. Therefore, if someone’s online data is exposed, then their life will be compromised. This is called identity theft and in this era of technology, it has become one of the most serious forms of crime. When someone’s data is compromised, there is a huge chance of harming the person financially, morally and socially. New technology and the knowledge gap it creates when it first comes out is perfect for identity thieves to exploit. If we are not cautious, our future will be very different than what we dream of due to the very technology created to make it better. Hence, we need to understand the technology, identify the loopholes and educate ourselves to avoid being held captive by our digital footprint.
Utilization of maternal health services and postpartum contraception help to decrease rates of ma... more Utilization of maternal health services and postpartum contraception help to decrease rates of maternal and infant morbidity and mortality by preventing unintended, high risk pregnancies and also by delaying subsequent pregnancies. A cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the utilization of maternal health services and its association with post-partum contraception among Bangladeshi women in a hospital in Gazipur district. A total of 344 women were randomly selected who had delivered at least one child within last one year and completed 12 months post-partum period. Uni-variate and bi-variate analyses were used as statistical methods. Mean age of the respondent was 21.5 years (Mean ± SD, 21.5 ± 6.634). Nuclear families (61.30%) were predominant in number. Most of them were illiterate (44.8%). Antenatal care was significantly associated with socio-demographic factors like respondents' and their husbands' education, husbands' income and types of family. Only 17% illiterate respondents received antenatal care for four or more times whereas 52.38% who graduated or above received the same. Most of the deliveries occurred at home (54.4%). These deliveries were performed by non-skilled personnel (54.6%) while the rest were performed by skilled personnel. This study also found that postnatal care was significantly associated with respondents' and their husbands' education, and husbands' income. This study is expected to help program planners, policy makers to design interventions for their programs to enhance the use of maternal health services as well as postpartum contraception among Bangladeshi women.
Foods are the major source of energy and nutrition for all the living organisms. Measuring food s... more Foods are the major source of energy and nutrition for all the living organisms. Measuring food safety and security is a vital concern nowadays. The present study attempted to evaluate a complete microbiological profile of some popular food items collected from different restaurants along with their drug-resistant profile. The main focus of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 60 seconds microwave oven heat on the growth of microorganisms present in the collected food items. Presence of bacterial and fungal microbiological profiling of the food items and their drug-resistant pattern were determined through conventional cultural, biochemical and Kirby Bauer methods. After that, the food was heated in the microwave oven for 60 seconds. All the food items (chicken sandwich, French pizza, chicken pie, pasta, hot dog) were found to be highly contaminated with total viable bacteria and fungus up to 107CFU/g while the pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp.,...
Introduction: Renal involvement is frequent in neonates with perinatal asphyxia. It is correlated... more Introduction: Renal involvement is frequent in neonates with perinatal asphyxia. It is correlated with the severity of neurological damage and degree of involvement depends upon the severity of asphyxia. To assess the status of renal function in new born suffering from prenatal asphyxia and to precise the relationship between severity cerebral damage and renal failure. Materials and Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Neonatology, Chattogram Maa O Shishu Medical College Hospital, Agrabad, Chattogram on 180 full-term neonates (150 cases and 30 control). The cases were categorized according to HIE Sarnat stages. Results: Among cases, 83(53.4%) were with HIE I, 53 (35.3%) were HIE II and 14(9.3%) were HIE III. The mean value of S. Creatinine was high in cases 1.64 ± 0.33 mg/dl vs 0.41 ± 0.09 mg/dl (p value <0.001) and it is highest in HIE stage III 1.85 ± 0.20 mg/dl (p value is <0.001). Mean Serum Potassium was high in cases 5.88 ± 0...
International Journal of Network Security & Its Applications, 2019
Technology has developed so fast that we feel both safe as well as unsafe in both ways. Systems u... more Technology has developed so fast that we feel both safe as well as unsafe in both ways. Systems used today are always prone to attack by malicious users. In most cases, services are hindered because these systems cannot handle the amount of over loads the attacker provides. So, proper service load measurement is necessary. The tool that is being described in this paper for developments is based on the Denial of Service methodologies. This tool, XDoser will put a synthetic load on the servers for testing purpose. The HTTP Flood method is used which includes an HTTP POST method as it forces the website to gather the maximum resources possible in response to every single request. The tool developed in this paper will focus on overloading the backend with multiple requests. So, the tool can be implemented for servers new or old for synthetic test endurance testing.
Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired immune Deficiency Syndromes (AIDS) continues to... more Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired immune Deficiency Syndromes (AIDS) continues to be a major burden of morbidity and mortality among the population. Injecting drug users (IDUs) are at high risk of contracting the disease. The study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge of HIV/AIDS and the influence of different socio-demographic factors among IDUs in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. A descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 200 injecting drug users were selected purposively. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for collecting socio-demographic information of the respondents and their knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS. The level of knowledge was categorized into two: poor (<Mean – 1 SD) and good (≥Mean + 1 SD). The χ2 test was used for finding the association between socio-demographic factors and level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS. Forty-eight percent of the respondents were aged 18-26 years, and 33% were educated up to secondary level. Ab...
The aim of this paper is to assess the service quality of Dhaka Electric Supply Company Limited's... more The aim of this paper is to assess the service quality of Dhaka Electric Supply Company Limited's (DESCO) online bill payment system using extended SERVQUAL model termed as SERVQUAL-Butterfly Model that integrates customer expectation and perception of actual service quality, customer satisfaction, and loyalty. Using random sampling method, primary data were collected from a total of 300 customers from three operating zones of DESCO. The data were analyzed through PLS-SEM second-order hierarchical modeling approach and Importance-Performance Map Analysis (IPMA). We found that expectation on service quality has no effect on customer satisfaction; however, it influences the formation of perception about the actual quality of service. Customer satisfaction is significantly influenced by the perception of actual service quality and customer satisfaction significantly helps to make the customer loyal. For DESCO, empathy found to be a powerful indicator of both expectation and actual service quality and perception of actual service found to be the single most
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