β-Tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) is a widely used bioceramic material. In dentistry, it is commonly... more β-Tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) is a widely used bioceramic material. In dentistry, it is commonly used as bone graft material. β-TCP is osteoconductive, bioresorbable, bioactive, and has biocompatibility properties. This study aims to evaluate the optimum molarity of CaO and H3PO4 to synthesize β-TCP from a natural source (Perna viridis linn). This is laboratory experimental research conducted by reacting calcium compounds from green mussel shells and phosphoric acid using the dissolution precipitation method with variations in molarity ratio. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) were used to identify the characteristics of β-TCP synthesized from green mussel shells. The XRD chart pattern showed the formation of peaks identical to the β-TCP (Sigma-Aldrich). However, formation of whitlockite phase was also seen in the results. FTIR results showed that phosphate, hydroxyl, and carbonyl groups were shown on the graph and could be identified as β-TCP. SEM characterization showed that the sample consisted of small particles irregularly shaped to form like aggregates. β-TCP synthesized using molarity ratio of 0.6M CaO: 0.4M H3PO4 had characteristics resembling β-TCP (Sigma-Aldrich).
Products made from plastic material are commonly found in our life. Polystyrene is a type of plas... more Products made from plastic material are commonly found in our life. Polystyrene is a type of plastic synthesises. In the nature, polystyrene is known to be recalcitrant due to its complex structural molecule. Number of studies reported that the existence of polystyrene plastic presents various threats for sea animals such as zebra fish, sea urchin's early development gene, and lowered crustaceans' life expectancy. This literature study was conducted by collecting various information on polystyrene pollution in the environment and the ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria to degrade polystyrene. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1 x 10 8 cell/ml) bacteria was cultured in 25 ml liquid carbon-free basal medium and 1 gram polystyrene on 25 o C temperature for 15 days. The result shows that the compound was able to degrade 0.098% of polystyrene per day with yield constant of 1,111,111.11. This literature study will be continued on pilot scale by conducting experiment of polystyrene biodegradation on an area that is previously added with liquid carbon-free basal medium by land treatment method with dimensional size of 3m x 1.5m x 0.3m with additional 1.35 m 3 LFCBM (liquid carbon-free basal medium).
Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloroethane (DDT) is an organochlorine insecticide that are largely used on... more Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloroethane (DDT) is an organochlorine insecticide that are largely used on agriculture and health sectors. DDT is an organic pollutant that are difficult to be dissolved and tend to survive in the environment for a long time because it is highly stable and persistent. DDT insecticide residue is still discovered in the soil even though its utilization has been stopped years ago and still negatively impacting human life and the environment through bio accumulation and bio magnification. Bioremediation is a potential method to remove recalcitrance compound such as DDT. The objective of this study is to gather and analyze information on DDT degradation by bacteria consortium with co-substrate addition. Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas stutzeri bacteria consortium were utilized to remediate DDT with glucose, sucrose, and yeast extract as cosubstrates. During 72 hours of observation, the three co-substrates namely yeast extract, glucose, and sucrose are able to degrade 75%, 56% and 39.55% of 10 ppm DDT. Yeast is the most ideal co-substrate to assist bacteria consortium growth and to degrade DDT. The implementation of pilot scale land treatment bioremediation is planned to be at 50m 3 , with dimension of 20m length, 5m wide, and 0.5m high. The efficiency of the removal reached 90% with 67 hours of detention time.
Environmental pollution by crude oil has become a serious problem all over the world with high le... more Environmental pollution by crude oil has become a serious problem all over the world with high level of oil spillage or leaks comes from damaged crude oil piping, tankers storage, offshore drilling, and illegal oil waste dumping cases. The objective of this research is to study crude oil polluted land recovery process with biotechnological approach. Technology to safely remove oil pollutant in the environment is bioremediation due to its low cost, high efficiency level, environmentally friendly, and sustainability. Three isolate bacteria namely Pseudomonas sp., Pseudomonas xanthomarina, and Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus were utilized as bioremediation agents to perform land remediation with biostimulation-bioaugmentation (BS-BA) approach. After 25 days, 31,000 mg/kg of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) was decreased into 90-10000 mg/kg or equal to 67.7% to 99.70%. We also detected 14,000 mg/kg decrease of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) into 8 to 40 mg/kg with detection limit of 99.94% to % in just 5-10 days. TPH removal kinetic calculation by using Pseudomonas xanthomarina bacteria resulted YT, Kd, Yobs, and Ks respectively at 0.002/hour, 0.001/hour, 0.0361/hour, and 0.0002/hour, by using order 2 formula with regression value of 0.9482. We recommend conducting land farming processing which consists of 2 beds with volumes of 55 m3/bed in order to remediate 159 ton of crude oil polluted soil by utilizing 9.6 L of hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria for 3723 hours. Based on the findings, we concluded that bioremediation is available on crude oil polluted soil.
Buku ini akan mengulas mengenai organisme yang dapat berperan sebagai indikator biologis untuk me... more Buku ini akan mengulas mengenai organisme yang dapat berperan sebagai indikator biologis untuk menentukan kualitas udara. Organisme tersebut adalah berbagai jenis tumbuhan, baik tumbuhan tingkat rendah seperti lichenes (lumut kerak), fungi (jamur), bryophyta (lumut), tumbuhan tinggi yang tidak berkayu (tumbuhan herbaceous) maupun pohon berkayu. Selain itu kehadiran atau ketidakhadiran laba-laba dan serangga lainnya juga dapat mengindikasikan kesehatan hutan. Bioindikator tidak hanya dapat memberikan respon yang tampak secara visual saja, bahkan secara anatomi, sel dan jaringan tumbuhan juga dapat memberikan indikasi terjadinya pencemaran udara
Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara pola asuh dan grit. P... more Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara pola asuh dan grit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode korelasional. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu digunakan purposive samping dengan jumlah sampel 211 mahasiswa. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner pola asuh dan grit. Teori yang digunakan alat ukur variabel grit dikembangkan Angela Duckworth (2016), terdapat 18 aitem yang valid r=0,395 0,677 dan reliabilitas 0,879. Variabel pola asuh dari Diana Baumrind (dalam Papalia, 2001 dan Santrock, 2003) disusun oleh peneliti, terdapat 16 aitem demandingness yang valid r=0,300-0,580 dan reliabilitas 0,767. Aitem responsiveness berjumlah 20 valid r=0,507 0,757 dan reliabilitas 0,937. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pola asuh dan grit pad Bandung dengan keeratan hubungan sedang. Peneliti mengajukan saran bahwa kehadiran tuntutan, aturan, batasan serta adanya kehangatan dan kasih sayang memengaruhi grit mahasiswa. Untuk penelitian selanjutnya, dapat meneliti kontribusi demandingness, responsiveness terhadap grit. Untuk Program Studi S1 agar dapat membuat acara family gathering, khususnya untuk mahasiswa baru agar orangtua dapat memerhatikan pola asuh untuk mahasiswa sehingga dapat mengembangkan grit untuk proses belajar. Orangtua dapat melakukan konseling dengan psikolog dalam mengembangkan pola asuh authoritative untuk membantu mengembangkan grit mahasiswa.
Kegiatan produksi minyak bumi merupakan suatu rangkaian proses yang kompleks dengan melibatkan be... more Kegiatan produksi minyak bumi merupakan suatu rangkaian proses yang kompleks dengan melibatkan berbagai kegiatan industri minyak bumi mulai dari hulu sampai hilir, yang meliputi kegiatan eksplorasi, eksploitasi, pengolahan, dan transportasi. Hal ini berarti perkembangan industri baik pengolahan minyak bumi maupun industri yang menggunakan minyak bumi berpotensi menjadi sumber pencemar lingkungan. Mengingat dampak pencemaran minyak bumi baik dalam konsentrasi rendah maupun tinggi cukup serius, maka manusia terus berusaha untuk mencari teknologi yang paling mudah, murah dan tidak menimbulkan dampak lanjutan. Metode bioremediasi merupakan pilihan yang menjanjikan dengan pembersihan yang cepat, murah dan resiko lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan metode pemulihan lingkungan secara fisika maupun kimiawi. Buku ini akan membahas secara lengkap mengenai berbagai teknik bioremediasi sebagai salah satu metode dalam bioteknologi untuk memulihkan lingkungan yang tercemar oleh senyawa hidrokarbon minyak bumi, mikroba-mikroba hidrokarbonoklastik, serta mekanisme biodegradasinya.
Contemporary Issues in Wireless Communications, 2014
Consider a K-user (K>2) interference network. Several techniques have been devised for interferen... more Consider a K-user (K>2) interference network. Several techniques have been devised for interference management in multiuser interference networks. Three major approaches to deal with interference are illustrated in Fig. 1. In Fig. 1 (a) all sources simultaneously transmit their signals in the same frequency band. Each source applies the conventional single-user coding technique. At each destination, the desired signal is superimposed by interference signals. The destination performs decoding by treating the interference signals as noise. This strategy is
An experiment of micropropagation of the orchid Dendrobium "Emma Pink" on the media Vacin and Wen... more An experiment of micropropagation of the orchid Dendrobium "Emma Pink" on the media Vacin and Went using tissue culture technique has been done. The explant was obtained from the young stem of Dendrobium "Emma Pink". Induction stage was started by culturing the first, second, third, fourth axilar buds counted from the base of the stem and apical bud. The most potential bud to be used as a source for an explant was identified from the serial culturing of explant on the liquid media with various combinations of growth regulator kinetin and IAA. The media were placed on a shaker at 90 rpm. The second and the third axilar buds were the most potential sources of explant at 10-5 M kinetin and 5.10-7 M IAA, with the degree of success for the formation of protocorm like bodies (protocormlike bodies) were 56.25% and 43.75% respectively. The formation and multiplication of buds were obtained from protocorm-like bodies which were cultured in the solid media in the addition of 10-4 M kinetin and 5.10-6 M IAA. The multiplication rate of the buds has continuously increased during the subcultures with an average multiplication rate of 3.25 buds/4 weeks, 4.59 buds/4 weeks, 6.32 buds/4 weeks and 8.80 buds/4 weeks respectively. The roots were formed when the buds were cultured in the solid media by adding 5.10-6 M kinetin and 10-5 M IAA. The degree of acclimatization success of Dendrobium "Emma Pink" was 93.33% for the rooted bud and 53.33% for the unrooted bud.
The research aim was to determine the growth response of mixed cultures of Acetobacter tropicalis... more The research aim was to determine the growth response of mixed cultures of Acetobacter tropicalis and Lactobacillus fermentum in Stone Mineral Salt solutions (SMSs) and soil containing Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) in controlled batches. The first stage was the cultivation in SMSs followed by preparation of the pollutant source and sensitivity test. The second phase was the removal of heavy metals from iron and manganese in AMD by mixed bacterial cultures in SMSs with the contact time for 48, 96, 144, 192 hours, and pH 2, 3, 5, 7. The third stage was the removal on soil media with the same contact time. Research result showed that the sensitivity test of bacterium was resistant to heavy metals iron and manganese. The highest removal efficiency of iron and manganese was 94.89% at a contact time of 96 hours, while the highest removal efficiency at pH 7 was 93.79%. The removal of iron and manganese heavy metals on soil had a removal efficiency of 69.91% at a contact time of 144 hours. This study showed that a mixed culture of Acetobacter tropicalis and Lactobacillus fermentum could be an effective bacterium in removing heavy metals from iron and manganese in AMD-contaminated soil.
Acid mine drainage is a problem faced by the mining industry in Indonesia has a negative impact o... more Acid mine drainage is a problem faced by the mining industry in Indonesia has a negative impact on the environment because it is very acidic and contains heavy metals. This bioremediation research to determine the ability of a mixed bacteria culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Brevibacterium sp. in removal acid mine water. The study began with an allowance test in liquid media using artificial growth media Stone Mineral Salt solution (SMSs) with the tested parameters namely contact time (hours) and concentration of acid mine water pollutants (% v/v). Parameter variation consists of contact time (hours) 24 to 240 and concentration of acid mine pollutant water (% v/v) 10 to 25. Mixed culture are resistant to the presence of acid mine water as a substrate that is xenobiotic because no inhibition zones are formed around paper discs that have been exposed to acid mine pollutant water and can grow on Nutrient Agar (NA) media added with acid mine pollutants. The pH of the liquid media increased from 2.14 to 5,87 with optimum contact time 144 hours with a temperature of 30 °C and optimum pollutant concentration 10%.
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology, Dec 31, 2017
Domestic wastewater needs to be treated because it can pollute the environment, either water bodi... more Domestic wastewater needs to be treated because it can pollute the environment, either water bodies, ground water, or soil. One alternative to treat domestic wastewater is using subsurface constructed wetland methods. This method has advantages, among others, like cheap, simple technology and can be applied to the area of ample land. In this research, subsurface constructed wetlands-multilayer filtration with vertical flow type using Melati Air (E.paleafolius) in field scale to treat domestic wastewater from canteens and gray water toilet of Senior High School at Bekasi with treatment capacity for 2261 L/day. Subsurface constructed wetlands-multilayer filtration with vertical flow type is an advanced treatment in this research. For preliminary treatment the collecting and aeration tank is used. Performance of subsurface constructed wetland-multilayer filtration with vertical flow type was able to achieve effluent COD parameters of 40 mg/L (standard 100 mg/L) from an average influent of 350 mg/L with removal efficiency of 90%, while BOD was successfully degraded to 33.00 mg/L (quality standard 30 mg/L) of an average influent concentration of 350 mg/L. In addition, the parameters analyzed are total nitrogen, the total phosphate succeeded to meet the quality standard. Based on the results of laboratory analysis, the reactor is able to treat organic loading of 500-700 kg BOD5/Ha/D compared to previous research which is range from 40-300 kg BOD/Ha/D. Similarly, the value of K in this study ranged from 0.35-0.57 m/day for BOD and 0.37-0.45 m/day for COD compared to precious research which is 0.055-0.16 m/day for BOD and 0.027-0.16 m/day for COD.
β-Tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) is a widely used bioceramic material. In dentistry, it is commonly... more β-Tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) is a widely used bioceramic material. In dentistry, it is commonly used as bone graft material. β-TCP is osteoconductive, bioresorbable, bioactive, and has biocompatibility properties. This study aims to evaluate the optimum molarity of CaO and H3PO4 to synthesize β-TCP from a natural source (Perna viridis linn). This is laboratory experimental research conducted by reacting calcium compounds from green mussel shells and phosphoric acid using the dissolution precipitation method with variations in molarity ratio. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) were used to identify the characteristics of β-TCP synthesized from green mussel shells. The XRD chart pattern showed the formation of peaks identical to the β-TCP (Sigma-Aldrich). However, formation of whitlockite phase was also seen in the results. FTIR results showed that phosphate, hydroxyl, and carbonyl groups were shown on the graph and could be identified as β-TCP. SEM characterization showed that the sample consisted of small particles irregularly shaped to form like aggregates. β-TCP synthesized using molarity ratio of 0.6M CaO: 0.4M H3PO4 had characteristics resembling β-TCP (Sigma-Aldrich).
Products made from plastic material are commonly found in our life. Polystyrene is a type of plas... more Products made from plastic material are commonly found in our life. Polystyrene is a type of plastic synthesises. In the nature, polystyrene is known to be recalcitrant due to its complex structural molecule. Number of studies reported that the existence of polystyrene plastic presents various threats for sea animals such as zebra fish, sea urchin's early development gene, and lowered crustaceans' life expectancy. This literature study was conducted by collecting various information on polystyrene pollution in the environment and the ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria to degrade polystyrene. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1 x 10 8 cell/ml) bacteria was cultured in 25 ml liquid carbon-free basal medium and 1 gram polystyrene on 25 o C temperature for 15 days. The result shows that the compound was able to degrade 0.098% of polystyrene per day with yield constant of 1,111,111.11. This literature study will be continued on pilot scale by conducting experiment of polystyrene biodegradation on an area that is previously added with liquid carbon-free basal medium by land treatment method with dimensional size of 3m x 1.5m x 0.3m with additional 1.35 m 3 LFCBM (liquid carbon-free basal medium).
Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloroethane (DDT) is an organochlorine insecticide that are largely used on... more Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloroethane (DDT) is an organochlorine insecticide that are largely used on agriculture and health sectors. DDT is an organic pollutant that are difficult to be dissolved and tend to survive in the environment for a long time because it is highly stable and persistent. DDT insecticide residue is still discovered in the soil even though its utilization has been stopped years ago and still negatively impacting human life and the environment through bio accumulation and bio magnification. Bioremediation is a potential method to remove recalcitrance compound such as DDT. The objective of this study is to gather and analyze information on DDT degradation by bacteria consortium with co-substrate addition. Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas stutzeri bacteria consortium were utilized to remediate DDT with glucose, sucrose, and yeast extract as cosubstrates. During 72 hours of observation, the three co-substrates namely yeast extract, glucose, and sucrose are able to degrade 75%, 56% and 39.55% of 10 ppm DDT. Yeast is the most ideal co-substrate to assist bacteria consortium growth and to degrade DDT. The implementation of pilot scale land treatment bioremediation is planned to be at 50m 3 , with dimension of 20m length, 5m wide, and 0.5m high. The efficiency of the removal reached 90% with 67 hours of detention time.
Environmental pollution by crude oil has become a serious problem all over the world with high le... more Environmental pollution by crude oil has become a serious problem all over the world with high level of oil spillage or leaks comes from damaged crude oil piping, tankers storage, offshore drilling, and illegal oil waste dumping cases. The objective of this research is to study crude oil polluted land recovery process with biotechnological approach. Technology to safely remove oil pollutant in the environment is bioremediation due to its low cost, high efficiency level, environmentally friendly, and sustainability. Three isolate bacteria namely Pseudomonas sp., Pseudomonas xanthomarina, and Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus were utilized as bioremediation agents to perform land remediation with biostimulation-bioaugmentation (BS-BA) approach. After 25 days, 31,000 mg/kg of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) was decreased into 90-10000 mg/kg or equal to 67.7% to 99.70%. We also detected 14,000 mg/kg decrease of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) into 8 to 40 mg/kg with detection limit of 99.94% to % in just 5-10 days. TPH removal kinetic calculation by using Pseudomonas xanthomarina bacteria resulted YT, Kd, Yobs, and Ks respectively at 0.002/hour, 0.001/hour, 0.0361/hour, and 0.0002/hour, by using order 2 formula with regression value of 0.9482. We recommend conducting land farming processing which consists of 2 beds with volumes of 55 m3/bed in order to remediate 159 ton of crude oil polluted soil by utilizing 9.6 L of hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria for 3723 hours. Based on the findings, we concluded that bioremediation is available on crude oil polluted soil.
Buku ini akan mengulas mengenai organisme yang dapat berperan sebagai indikator biologis untuk me... more Buku ini akan mengulas mengenai organisme yang dapat berperan sebagai indikator biologis untuk menentukan kualitas udara. Organisme tersebut adalah berbagai jenis tumbuhan, baik tumbuhan tingkat rendah seperti lichenes (lumut kerak), fungi (jamur), bryophyta (lumut), tumbuhan tinggi yang tidak berkayu (tumbuhan herbaceous) maupun pohon berkayu. Selain itu kehadiran atau ketidakhadiran laba-laba dan serangga lainnya juga dapat mengindikasikan kesehatan hutan. Bioindikator tidak hanya dapat memberikan respon yang tampak secara visual saja, bahkan secara anatomi, sel dan jaringan tumbuhan juga dapat memberikan indikasi terjadinya pencemaran udara
Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara pola asuh dan grit. P... more Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara pola asuh dan grit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode korelasional. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu digunakan purposive samping dengan jumlah sampel 211 mahasiswa. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner pola asuh dan grit. Teori yang digunakan alat ukur variabel grit dikembangkan Angela Duckworth (2016), terdapat 18 aitem yang valid r=0,395 0,677 dan reliabilitas 0,879. Variabel pola asuh dari Diana Baumrind (dalam Papalia, 2001 dan Santrock, 2003) disusun oleh peneliti, terdapat 16 aitem demandingness yang valid r=0,300-0,580 dan reliabilitas 0,767. Aitem responsiveness berjumlah 20 valid r=0,507 0,757 dan reliabilitas 0,937. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pola asuh dan grit pad Bandung dengan keeratan hubungan sedang. Peneliti mengajukan saran bahwa kehadiran tuntutan, aturan, batasan serta adanya kehangatan dan kasih sayang memengaruhi grit mahasiswa. Untuk penelitian selanjutnya, dapat meneliti kontribusi demandingness, responsiveness terhadap grit. Untuk Program Studi S1 agar dapat membuat acara family gathering, khususnya untuk mahasiswa baru agar orangtua dapat memerhatikan pola asuh untuk mahasiswa sehingga dapat mengembangkan grit untuk proses belajar. Orangtua dapat melakukan konseling dengan psikolog dalam mengembangkan pola asuh authoritative untuk membantu mengembangkan grit mahasiswa.
Kegiatan produksi minyak bumi merupakan suatu rangkaian proses yang kompleks dengan melibatkan be... more Kegiatan produksi minyak bumi merupakan suatu rangkaian proses yang kompleks dengan melibatkan berbagai kegiatan industri minyak bumi mulai dari hulu sampai hilir, yang meliputi kegiatan eksplorasi, eksploitasi, pengolahan, dan transportasi. Hal ini berarti perkembangan industri baik pengolahan minyak bumi maupun industri yang menggunakan minyak bumi berpotensi menjadi sumber pencemar lingkungan. Mengingat dampak pencemaran minyak bumi baik dalam konsentrasi rendah maupun tinggi cukup serius, maka manusia terus berusaha untuk mencari teknologi yang paling mudah, murah dan tidak menimbulkan dampak lanjutan. Metode bioremediasi merupakan pilihan yang menjanjikan dengan pembersihan yang cepat, murah dan resiko lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan metode pemulihan lingkungan secara fisika maupun kimiawi. Buku ini akan membahas secara lengkap mengenai berbagai teknik bioremediasi sebagai salah satu metode dalam bioteknologi untuk memulihkan lingkungan yang tercemar oleh senyawa hidrokarbon minyak bumi, mikroba-mikroba hidrokarbonoklastik, serta mekanisme biodegradasinya.
Contemporary Issues in Wireless Communications, 2014
Consider a K-user (K>2) interference network. Several techniques have been devised for interferen... more Consider a K-user (K>2) interference network. Several techniques have been devised for interference management in multiuser interference networks. Three major approaches to deal with interference are illustrated in Fig. 1. In Fig. 1 (a) all sources simultaneously transmit their signals in the same frequency band. Each source applies the conventional single-user coding technique. At each destination, the desired signal is superimposed by interference signals. The destination performs decoding by treating the interference signals as noise. This strategy is
An experiment of micropropagation of the orchid Dendrobium "Emma Pink" on the media Vacin and Wen... more An experiment of micropropagation of the orchid Dendrobium "Emma Pink" on the media Vacin and Went using tissue culture technique has been done. The explant was obtained from the young stem of Dendrobium "Emma Pink". Induction stage was started by culturing the first, second, third, fourth axilar buds counted from the base of the stem and apical bud. The most potential bud to be used as a source for an explant was identified from the serial culturing of explant on the liquid media with various combinations of growth regulator kinetin and IAA. The media were placed on a shaker at 90 rpm. The second and the third axilar buds were the most potential sources of explant at 10-5 M kinetin and 5.10-7 M IAA, with the degree of success for the formation of protocorm like bodies (protocormlike bodies) were 56.25% and 43.75% respectively. The formation and multiplication of buds were obtained from protocorm-like bodies which were cultured in the solid media in the addition of 10-4 M kinetin and 5.10-6 M IAA. The multiplication rate of the buds has continuously increased during the subcultures with an average multiplication rate of 3.25 buds/4 weeks, 4.59 buds/4 weeks, 6.32 buds/4 weeks and 8.80 buds/4 weeks respectively. The roots were formed when the buds were cultured in the solid media by adding 5.10-6 M kinetin and 10-5 M IAA. The degree of acclimatization success of Dendrobium "Emma Pink" was 93.33% for the rooted bud and 53.33% for the unrooted bud.
The research aim was to determine the growth response of mixed cultures of Acetobacter tropicalis... more The research aim was to determine the growth response of mixed cultures of Acetobacter tropicalis and Lactobacillus fermentum in Stone Mineral Salt solutions (SMSs) and soil containing Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) in controlled batches. The first stage was the cultivation in SMSs followed by preparation of the pollutant source and sensitivity test. The second phase was the removal of heavy metals from iron and manganese in AMD by mixed bacterial cultures in SMSs with the contact time for 48, 96, 144, 192 hours, and pH 2, 3, 5, 7. The third stage was the removal on soil media with the same contact time. Research result showed that the sensitivity test of bacterium was resistant to heavy metals iron and manganese. The highest removal efficiency of iron and manganese was 94.89% at a contact time of 96 hours, while the highest removal efficiency at pH 7 was 93.79%. The removal of iron and manganese heavy metals on soil had a removal efficiency of 69.91% at a contact time of 144 hours. This study showed that a mixed culture of Acetobacter tropicalis and Lactobacillus fermentum could be an effective bacterium in removing heavy metals from iron and manganese in AMD-contaminated soil.
Acid mine drainage is a problem faced by the mining industry in Indonesia has a negative impact o... more Acid mine drainage is a problem faced by the mining industry in Indonesia has a negative impact on the environment because it is very acidic and contains heavy metals. This bioremediation research to determine the ability of a mixed bacteria culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Brevibacterium sp. in removal acid mine water. The study began with an allowance test in liquid media using artificial growth media Stone Mineral Salt solution (SMSs) with the tested parameters namely contact time (hours) and concentration of acid mine water pollutants (% v/v). Parameter variation consists of contact time (hours) 24 to 240 and concentration of acid mine pollutant water (% v/v) 10 to 25. Mixed culture are resistant to the presence of acid mine water as a substrate that is xenobiotic because no inhibition zones are formed around paper discs that have been exposed to acid mine pollutant water and can grow on Nutrient Agar (NA) media added with acid mine pollutants. The pH of the liquid media increased from 2.14 to 5,87 with optimum contact time 144 hours with a temperature of 30 °C and optimum pollutant concentration 10%.
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology, Dec 31, 2017
Domestic wastewater needs to be treated because it can pollute the environment, either water bodi... more Domestic wastewater needs to be treated because it can pollute the environment, either water bodies, ground water, or soil. One alternative to treat domestic wastewater is using subsurface constructed wetland methods. This method has advantages, among others, like cheap, simple technology and can be applied to the area of ample land. In this research, subsurface constructed wetlands-multilayer filtration with vertical flow type using Melati Air (E.paleafolius) in field scale to treat domestic wastewater from canteens and gray water toilet of Senior High School at Bekasi with treatment capacity for 2261 L/day. Subsurface constructed wetlands-multilayer filtration with vertical flow type is an advanced treatment in this research. For preliminary treatment the collecting and aeration tank is used. Performance of subsurface constructed wetland-multilayer filtration with vertical flow type was able to achieve effluent COD parameters of 40 mg/L (standard 100 mg/L) from an average influent of 350 mg/L with removal efficiency of 90%, while BOD was successfully degraded to 33.00 mg/L (quality standard 30 mg/L) of an average influent concentration of 350 mg/L. In addition, the parameters analyzed are total nitrogen, the total phosphate succeeded to meet the quality standard. Based on the results of laboratory analysis, the reactor is able to treat organic loading of 500-700 kg BOD5/Ha/D compared to previous research which is range from 40-300 kg BOD/Ha/D. Similarly, the value of K in this study ranged from 0.35-0.57 m/day for BOD and 0.37-0.45 m/day for COD compared to precious research which is 0.055-0.16 m/day for BOD and 0.027-0.16 m/day for COD.
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