Hybridization Effect of Nickel-Zinc Coating on Carbon Steel for Service Life Improvement
Key Engineering Materials
Deterioration of metals and alloys due to corrosion has been observed to be a serious challenge i... more Deterioration of metals and alloys due to corrosion has been observed to be a serious challenge in coastal or marine environments. Exposure of mild steel to marine environments often results into dilapidation of physical structure over time. This study addresses the quick response of mild steel failure using NiZnP modified Al2O3 functional composite by electrolytic process. The deposition was done with stable pH of 4.5, heated bath temperature of 95°C, stirring rate of 200 rpm and deposition time of 20 min. The materials chemistry of the developed alloy was examined using open circuit potential and linear polarization technique. The structural mechanism and crystal phase formation was characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and X-ray diffraction analyzer. The corrosion results under 3.65% saline environment reveals improved corrosion rate of NiZnP modified Al2O3. The surface site of the crystal formation evolves perfe...
Cooling towers are the major industrial part for heat rejection in petrochemical industry, oil re... more Cooling towers are the major industrial part for heat rejection in petrochemical industry, oil refineries, chemical plants, thermal power plants and HVAC systems for cooling structures. The fan is a mechanically forced-draft used to extract the heat accumulated in the flowing cooling water components and the fan blade is a very important part of the towers. Failure of fan blade leads to low productivity, high cost of replacement and maintenance of cooling tower fan blade in service. This paper presents a review on failure mode and material availability of cooling tower fan blade.
International Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2020
The unstoppable quest for low-cost reinforcing agent gingered the enthusiasm towards developing a... more The unstoppable quest for low-cost reinforcing agent gingered the enthusiasm towards developing and utilising the agro-based waste product as reinforcement since they are promptly accessible, sustainable, and inexpensive to purchase. In this study, AA6061/rice husk ash matrix composites were produced through metallurgical stir casting techniques. Different weight percentages of reinforcement in the range of 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% were used to fabricate the composites. The reinforced composites were characterized by SEM/EDS for microstructural study. The mechanical behaviour was examined for all the produced samples. SEM/EDS analysis revealed the presence of silica, a major constituent of rice husk ash in the produced composites. The results of the mechanical behaviour show that upgrading the weight percentage of reinforcing agent increases the mechanical properties. AA6061/8% rice hush ash generated a consistent rise with filler concentration in comparison with the aluminium alloy in al...
District heating networks are commonly addressed in the literature as one of the most effective s... more District heating networks are commonly addressed in the literature as one of the most effective solutions for decreasing the greenhouse gas emissions from the building sector. These systems require high investments which are returned through the heat sales. Due to the changed climate conditions and building renovation policies, heat demand in the future could decrease, prolonging the investment return period. The main scope of this paper is to assess the feasibility of using the heat demand-outdoor temperature function for heat demand forecast. The district of Alvalade, located in Lisbon (Portugal), was used as a case study. The district is consisted of 665 buildings that vary in both construction period and typology. Three weather scenarios (low, medium, high) and three district renovation scenarios were developed (shallow, intermediate, deep). To estimate the error, obtained heat demand values were compared with results from a dynamic heat demand model, previously developed and validated by the authors. The results showed that when only weather change is considered, the margin of error could be acceptable for some applications (the error in annual demand was lower than 20% for all weather scenarios considered). However, after introducing renovation scenarios, the error value increased up to 59.5% (depending on the weather and renovation scenarios combination considered). The value of slope coefficient increased on average within the range of 3.8% up to 8% per decade, that corresponds to the decrease in the number of heating hours of 22-139h during the heating season (depending on the combination of weather and renovation scenarios considered). On the other hand, function intercept increased for 7.8-12.7% per decade (depending on the coupled scenarios). The values suggested could be used to modify the function parameters for the scenarios considered, and improve the accuracy of heat demand estimations.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021
The inability of metals to resist degradation as a result of corrosion remains a unique global pr... more The inability of metals to resist degradation as a result of corrosion remains a unique global problem that depend on different metals for daily operations. Therefore, knowing the appropriate method to use is a key to ameliorate corrosion effect on metals. Green inhibitors serve as a modern, cheaper and environmentally favorable method to retard the effects of corrosion. Drugs are corrosion inhibitors which can reduce the action of corrosion without being hazardous to the environment as they are synthesized from natural products. The review studies the metal protection techniques and the use of drug as corrosion inhibitors. The importance of copper as a useful metal as good corrosion resistance due to inherent properties alongside its malleability was also discussed.
Investigation of Oil Drill Cuttings as Partial Replacement of Cements in Concrete for Low Strength Structures
This study investigates the use of oil drill cuttings (ODC) as partial replacement of Portland ce... more This study investigates the use of oil drill cuttings (ODC) as partial replacement of Portland cement (PC) and cementitious materials in binary and ternary cement compositions. Concrete specimens were prepared incorporating 0, 5, 10 and 20% by mass of ODC replacements in Portland cement (PC) and 10% of the ODC replacement in specimens having ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and pulverised fly ash (PFA) respectively. The fresh and hardened state properties of the concretes were studied. Results showed that use of ODC contributed improvements to the fresh concrete properties, while it also exhibited good comparisons of hardened concrete properties with the non-ODC containing concretes. Findings in the study support the use of ODC-containing concrete mixes for low strength structures such as foundation blinding and infilling materials, in structural fills applications requiring no future excavations. These combined the advantages of cost reduction in concrete production with...
Super alloys or high performance alloys are alloys that exhibit perfect mechanical strength and c... more Super alloys or high performance alloys are alloys that exhibit perfect mechanical strength and creep resistance at high temperatures,better corrosion stability and oxidation resistance.Super alloys are generally used in many industrial applications that need to operate at elevated temperatures and pressures applied static and dynamic stresses and aggressive environment due to their extraordinary mechanical properties and surface stability. They have the characteristic of an austenitic face-centered cubic crystal structure with a base alloying element of nickel,cobalt,or nickel-iron. To develop a super alloy that will be driven by the aerospace and power industries. Chemical and process innovations are the two aspect of development of decent super alloy.It is also a known fact that super alloys are developed through solid solution strengthening.In this contribution,sufficient knowledge of a close review of the impact of super alloy on corrosion,microstructure and mechanical characte...
Z in c based coatings modifi ed w ith aluminium and tin in clusion s were el ectrodeposited in ch... more Z in c based coatings modifi ed w ith aluminium and tin in clusion s were el ectrodeposited in chloride z in c sulfate electrolytes containing a metallic powder of titanium. It was found that presence of these particulates is suitab le to obtain ZnA ISn-Ti compos ites coating that cou ld help in crease the microhardnesss characteristics and wear properties. The hardness and wear properties of the deposited coatings were examined with diamond base micro-hardness tester and CETR reciprocating sliding tester respectively. The structural properties were examined w ith the help of scanning electron microscope. lt was observed that structural coatin g surface impact on th e hardness propagation with increases from 33.4 to 299 kgf mm-~ (HVN4o), and shows a considerab ly hi gher wear resistance from 2.35 1 g/min to 0.002g/min. lt is obvious that plastic deformation of the working steel structure is dependent on protective coating and the concentration ofthe individual parti culate.
The Nigerian government has put several economic tools into place to improve on the economic prod... more The Nigerian government has put several economic tools into place to improve on the economic productivity of the nation. To mention but a few, we have vision 2010 and the sevenpoint agenda. Many of these economic reforms failed as a result of inadequate plans to improve the technology. The current economic agenda tagged vision 20:2020 which Nigeria is becoming one of the top 20 world largest economy for year 2020. However, the area in which the GDP of the largest world economics are leading is in their continuous research and development of their engineering technology. The study therefore critically reviewed the current state of the Nigeria renewable energy development (RE) and its contribution towards gross domestic product in order for the country to achieve Vision 20:2020. The study also evaluated the current impact of GDP from 2012-2017 in order to know the area needed for improvement. The result of the assessment showed that Nigeria will need about US$900 billion of GDP and per capital income of about US$4000 per annum for successfully become one of the 20 largest economics in the world. This analysis can only be possible with keen interest in developing the technology.
The Nigerian government has put several economic tools into place to improve on the economic prod... more The Nigerian government has put several economic tools into place to improve on the economic productivity of the nation. To mention but a few, we have vision 2010 and the sevenpoint agenda. Many of these economic reforms failed as a result of inadequate plans to improve the technology. The current economic agenda tagged vision 20:2020 which Nigeria is becoming one of the top 20 world largest economy for year 2020. However, the area in which the GDP of the largest world economics are leading is in their continuous research and development of their engineering technology. The study therefore critically reviewed the current state of the Nigeria renewable energy development (RE) and its contribution towards gross domestic product in order for the country to achieve Vision 20:2020. The study also evaluated the current impact of GDP from 2012-2017 in order to know the area needed for improvement. The result of the assessment showed that Nigeria will need about US$900 billion of GDP and per capital income of about US$4000 per annum for successfully become one of the 20 largest economics in the world. This analysis can only be possible with keen interest in developing the technology.
Hybridization Effect of Nickel-Zinc Coating on Carbon Steel for Service Life Improvement
Key Engineering Materials
Deterioration of metals and alloys due to corrosion has been observed to be a serious challenge i... more Deterioration of metals and alloys due to corrosion has been observed to be a serious challenge in coastal or marine environments. Exposure of mild steel to marine environments often results into dilapidation of physical structure over time. This study addresses the quick response of mild steel failure using NiZnP modified Al2O3 functional composite by electrolytic process. The deposition was done with stable pH of 4.5, heated bath temperature of 95°C, stirring rate of 200 rpm and deposition time of 20 min. The materials chemistry of the developed alloy was examined using open circuit potential and linear polarization technique. The structural mechanism and crystal phase formation was characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and X-ray diffraction analyzer. The corrosion results under 3.65% saline environment reveals improved corrosion rate of NiZnP modified Al2O3. The surface site of the crystal formation evolves perfe...
Cooling towers are the major industrial part for heat rejection in petrochemical industry, oil re... more Cooling towers are the major industrial part for heat rejection in petrochemical industry, oil refineries, chemical plants, thermal power plants and HVAC systems for cooling structures. The fan is a mechanically forced-draft used to extract the heat accumulated in the flowing cooling water components and the fan blade is a very important part of the towers. Failure of fan blade leads to low productivity, high cost of replacement and maintenance of cooling tower fan blade in service. This paper presents a review on failure mode and material availability of cooling tower fan blade.
International Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2020
The unstoppable quest for low-cost reinforcing agent gingered the enthusiasm towards developing a... more The unstoppable quest for low-cost reinforcing agent gingered the enthusiasm towards developing and utilising the agro-based waste product as reinforcement since they are promptly accessible, sustainable, and inexpensive to purchase. In this study, AA6061/rice husk ash matrix composites were produced through metallurgical stir casting techniques. Different weight percentages of reinforcement in the range of 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% were used to fabricate the composites. The reinforced composites were characterized by SEM/EDS for microstructural study. The mechanical behaviour was examined for all the produced samples. SEM/EDS analysis revealed the presence of silica, a major constituent of rice husk ash in the produced composites. The results of the mechanical behaviour show that upgrading the weight percentage of reinforcing agent increases the mechanical properties. AA6061/8% rice hush ash generated a consistent rise with filler concentration in comparison with the aluminium alloy in al...
District heating networks are commonly addressed in the literature as one of the most effective s... more District heating networks are commonly addressed in the literature as one of the most effective solutions for decreasing the greenhouse gas emissions from the building sector. These systems require high investments which are returned through the heat sales. Due to the changed climate conditions and building renovation policies, heat demand in the future could decrease, prolonging the investment return period. The main scope of this paper is to assess the feasibility of using the heat demand-outdoor temperature function for heat demand forecast. The district of Alvalade, located in Lisbon (Portugal), was used as a case study. The district is consisted of 665 buildings that vary in both construction period and typology. Three weather scenarios (low, medium, high) and three district renovation scenarios were developed (shallow, intermediate, deep). To estimate the error, obtained heat demand values were compared with results from a dynamic heat demand model, previously developed and validated by the authors. The results showed that when only weather change is considered, the margin of error could be acceptable for some applications (the error in annual demand was lower than 20% for all weather scenarios considered). However, after introducing renovation scenarios, the error value increased up to 59.5% (depending on the weather and renovation scenarios combination considered). The value of slope coefficient increased on average within the range of 3.8% up to 8% per decade, that corresponds to the decrease in the number of heating hours of 22-139h during the heating season (depending on the combination of weather and renovation scenarios considered). On the other hand, function intercept increased for 7.8-12.7% per decade (depending on the coupled scenarios). The values suggested could be used to modify the function parameters for the scenarios considered, and improve the accuracy of heat demand estimations.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021
The inability of metals to resist degradation as a result of corrosion remains a unique global pr... more The inability of metals to resist degradation as a result of corrosion remains a unique global problem that depend on different metals for daily operations. Therefore, knowing the appropriate method to use is a key to ameliorate corrosion effect on metals. Green inhibitors serve as a modern, cheaper and environmentally favorable method to retard the effects of corrosion. Drugs are corrosion inhibitors which can reduce the action of corrosion without being hazardous to the environment as they are synthesized from natural products. The review studies the metal protection techniques and the use of drug as corrosion inhibitors. The importance of copper as a useful metal as good corrosion resistance due to inherent properties alongside its malleability was also discussed.
Investigation of Oil Drill Cuttings as Partial Replacement of Cements in Concrete for Low Strength Structures
This study investigates the use of oil drill cuttings (ODC) as partial replacement of Portland ce... more This study investigates the use of oil drill cuttings (ODC) as partial replacement of Portland cement (PC) and cementitious materials in binary and ternary cement compositions. Concrete specimens were prepared incorporating 0, 5, 10 and 20% by mass of ODC replacements in Portland cement (PC) and 10% of the ODC replacement in specimens having ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and pulverised fly ash (PFA) respectively. The fresh and hardened state properties of the concretes were studied. Results showed that use of ODC contributed improvements to the fresh concrete properties, while it also exhibited good comparisons of hardened concrete properties with the non-ODC containing concretes. Findings in the study support the use of ODC-containing concrete mixes for low strength structures such as foundation blinding and infilling materials, in structural fills applications requiring no future excavations. These combined the advantages of cost reduction in concrete production with...
Super alloys or high performance alloys are alloys that exhibit perfect mechanical strength and c... more Super alloys or high performance alloys are alloys that exhibit perfect mechanical strength and creep resistance at high temperatures,better corrosion stability and oxidation resistance.Super alloys are generally used in many industrial applications that need to operate at elevated temperatures and pressures applied static and dynamic stresses and aggressive environment due to their extraordinary mechanical properties and surface stability. They have the characteristic of an austenitic face-centered cubic crystal structure with a base alloying element of nickel,cobalt,or nickel-iron. To develop a super alloy that will be driven by the aerospace and power industries. Chemical and process innovations are the two aspect of development of decent super alloy.It is also a known fact that super alloys are developed through solid solution strengthening.In this contribution,sufficient knowledge of a close review of the impact of super alloy on corrosion,microstructure and mechanical characte...
Z in c based coatings modifi ed w ith aluminium and tin in clusion s were el ectrodeposited in ch... more Z in c based coatings modifi ed w ith aluminium and tin in clusion s were el ectrodeposited in chloride z in c sulfate electrolytes containing a metallic powder of titanium. It was found that presence of these particulates is suitab le to obtain ZnA ISn-Ti compos ites coating that cou ld help in crease the microhardnesss characteristics and wear properties. The hardness and wear properties of the deposited coatings were examined with diamond base micro-hardness tester and CETR reciprocating sliding tester respectively. The structural properties were examined w ith the help of scanning electron microscope. lt was observed that structural coatin g surface impact on th e hardness propagation with increases from 33.4 to 299 kgf mm-~ (HVN4o), and shows a considerab ly hi gher wear resistance from 2.35 1 g/min to 0.002g/min. lt is obvious that plastic deformation of the working steel structure is dependent on protective coating and the concentration ofthe individual parti culate.
The Nigerian government has put several economic tools into place to improve on the economic prod... more The Nigerian government has put several economic tools into place to improve on the economic productivity of the nation. To mention but a few, we have vision 2010 and the sevenpoint agenda. Many of these economic reforms failed as a result of inadequate plans to improve the technology. The current economic agenda tagged vision 20:2020 which Nigeria is becoming one of the top 20 world largest economy for year 2020. However, the area in which the GDP of the largest world economics are leading is in their continuous research and development of their engineering technology. The study therefore critically reviewed the current state of the Nigeria renewable energy development (RE) and its contribution towards gross domestic product in order for the country to achieve Vision 20:2020. The study also evaluated the current impact of GDP from 2012-2017 in order to know the area needed for improvement. The result of the assessment showed that Nigeria will need about US$900 billion of GDP and per capital income of about US$4000 per annum for successfully become one of the 20 largest economics in the world. This analysis can only be possible with keen interest in developing the technology.
The Nigerian government has put several economic tools into place to improve on the economic prod... more The Nigerian government has put several economic tools into place to improve on the economic productivity of the nation. To mention but a few, we have vision 2010 and the sevenpoint agenda. Many of these economic reforms failed as a result of inadequate plans to improve the technology. The current economic agenda tagged vision 20:2020 which Nigeria is becoming one of the top 20 world largest economy for year 2020. However, the area in which the GDP of the largest world economics are leading is in their continuous research and development of their engineering technology. The study therefore critically reviewed the current state of the Nigeria renewable energy development (RE) and its contribution towards gross domestic product in order for the country to achieve Vision 20:2020. The study also evaluated the current impact of GDP from 2012-2017 in order to know the area needed for improvement. The result of the assessment showed that Nigeria will need about US$900 billion of GDP and per capital income of about US$4000 per annum for successfully become one of the 20 largest economics in the world. This analysis can only be possible with keen interest in developing the technology.
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