Papers by muhammad farhan khan
Materials Science and Engineering: B, Feb 29, 2024
Materials Science and Engineering: B, Feb 29, 2024
Journal of Zoology and Systematics
Environmental factors, including temperature, pH, salinity, and dissolved oxygen, are paramount i... more Environmental factors, including temperature, pH, salinity, and dissolved oxygen, are paramount in shaping fish physiology, behavior, and survival. Fish, being highly responsive to these environmental shifts, undergo profound changes in metabolism, growth, and overall performance. Specifically, temperature variations can have acute or long-term effects, pH changes disrupt ion balance and respiratory efficiency, salinity affects osmoregulation and ion dynamics, and dissolved oxygen levels are fundamental for respiration and metabolic health. Understanding these intricacies is not just academic; it's crucial for fisheries management, conservation strategies, and anticipating the ramifications of broader environmental alterations. This review offers an in-depth analysis of these environmental impacts on fish, underscoring the significance of each factor in their physiology, adaptive behaviors, and ecological context.
The Professional Medical Journal
ABSTRACT… Objective: To present our experience of modified del Nido Cardioplegia for chemical arr... more ABSTRACT… Objective: To present our experience of modified del Nido Cardioplegia for chemical arrest and myocardial protection during congenital heart defect in pediatric cardiac surgeries. Study Design: Retrospective Cross Sectional. Setting: Department of Cardiac Surgery, PAQSJIMS, Gambat, Khairpur. Period: 15th March, 2021 to 10th October, 2022. Material & Methods: del Nido solution is generally constituted in plasma lyte A solution, not available in Pakistan; therefore, we constituted del Nido solution in ringer lactate solution. We had collected our data retrospectively for our study to assess the safety and efficacy of modified del Nido cardioplegic arrest during the open heart surgeries for congenital heart defects. We report clinical outcomes of our patients that include spontaneous rhythm, ionotropic score and duration of mechanical ventilation underwent open heart surgeries with. Results: During the study period we had performed 102 surgeries for correction or palliation o...
2020 IEEE 21st International Symposium on "A World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks" (WoWMoM)
5G based heterogeneous networks (HetNets) have been attracting interest recently to support manuf... more 5G based heterogeneous networks (HetNets) have been attracting interest recently to support manufacturing processes in smart factory use cases. Smart factories require high performing wireless systems with high data rates and improved spectral efficiency to support mobile robots and other autonomous vehicles for example. To provide low latency, high coverage 5G deployments, comprised of multi-tier, Femto, Pico, and Macro cell networks are seen as a possible solution to meeting the required data rate requirements. This work analyzes the impact of base stations association strategies such as Maximum Received Power and Maximum Signal to Interference Plus Noise Ratio (SINR) for a 5G HetNet for Low Mobility robots and High Mobility autonomous guided vehicles in conjunction with fixed wireless sensor/actor devices. Experimental results show that our deployment scheme combined with the Maximum Received Power cell association strategy outperforms the Maximum SINR cell association strategy.
Second iiScience International Conference 2021: Recent Advances in Photonics and Physical Sciences
For the development of the country, energy contributes an important role. To increase energy dema... more For the development of the country, energy contributes an important role. To increase energy demand enormously, the author has built a Custom-Building Information Modeling (BIM) tool for low-energy building by using C# language that may have the capability to produce an optimum renewable energy solution based on the load requirements. The tool is up-to-date with Market rates and provides an efficient energy design solution. This tool is capable of seeking a Paretooptimal solution space by testing out various combinations of energy generation (PV), battery, and inverter requirements and finding the best one. As for determining optimization for PV Sizing, invertor and batteries, the Graphical User Interface (GUI) is created with the help of C# language. By putting the input data for low energy building, BIM tool can automatically generate the overall design scheme and budget requirement.
Smart Materials and Structures
Auxetic metamaterials exhibit an unexpected behaviour of a negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR), meanin... more Auxetic metamaterials exhibit an unexpected behaviour of a negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR), meaning they expand transversely when stretched longitudinally. This behaviour is generated predominantly due to the way individual elements of an auxetic lattice are structured. These structures are gaining interest in a wide variety of applications such as energy absorption, sensors, smart filters, vibration isolation and medical etc. Their potential could be further exploited by the use of additive manufacturing. Currently there is a lack of guidance on how to design these structures. This paper highlights state-of-the-art in auxetic metamaterials and its commonly used unit-cell types. It further explores the design approaches used in the literature on creating auxetic lattices for different applications and proposes, for the first time, a workflow comprising design, simulation and testing of auxetic structures. This workflow provides guidance on the design process for using auxetic metamat...
Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, 2022
Skin cancer is a major type of cancer with rapidly increasing victims all over the world. It is v... more Skin cancer is a major type of cancer with rapidly increasing victims all over the world. It is very much important to detect skin cancer in the early stages. Computer-developed diagnosis systems helped the physicians to diagnose disease, which allows appropriate treatment and increases the survival ratio of patients. In the proposed system, the classification problem of skin disease is tackled. An automated and reliable system for the classification of malignant and benign tumors is developed. In this system, a customized pretrained Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) is implemented. The pretrained AlexNet model is customized by replacing the last layers according to the proposed system problem. The softmax layer is modified according to binary classification detection. The proposed system model is well trained on malignant and benign tumors skin cancer dataset of 1920 images, where each class contains 960 images. After good training, the proposed system model is validated on ...
Computers & Electrical Engineering, 2021
Abstract A novel algorithm to extract image features related to human perception of colors is pre... more Abstract A novel algorithm to extract image features related to human perception of colors is presented in this paper. The proposed profile is based on the generation of a lookup table with thresholds for just-noticeable color difference against all possible colors from RGB color gamut. The profile is further used to reduce the computational cost of image hashing. The host color image is scanned to generate the maximum magnitude difference profile. The lookup table is then used for thresholding of magnitude differences to generate the binary adaptive just-noticeable difference profile. The generated profile can be used for image watermarking, hashing and similar image processing applications. Performance of the proposed profile has been tested for image hashing. Average similarity of 0.97 for 66 tampered versions of 42 host images and discrimination of 0.138 among 79,800 different image hash pairs have been obtained while area under receiver operating characteristic curve is 0.9980.
Advancements in Life Sciences, 2019
Background : Hemoglobin is the iron holding and oxygen carrying protein found inside the red blo... more Background : Hemoglobin is the iron holding and oxygen carrying protein found inside the red blood cells. Studies have been done on Hb level variations in gender, race and region but no comparative study on different altitude effects in Pakistan is reported. Comparison of Hemoglobin level between people living at high altitude and low altitude was done in this study. Samples from district Skardu Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan were used as high-altitude samples and samples from district Lahore, Pakistan were utilized as low altitude samples. Samples were obtained from those people who don’t have any haemoglobinopathies. Methods: 50 blood samples were collected for this study; 25 individuals were from low altitude level and 25 of high-altitude level. Estimation of hemoglobin concentration was done by Cyanmethemoglobin method to compare the individuals HB from low altitude with high altitude. Results: All the blood samples were properly analyzed, and the results extracted from the sample...
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC, 2019
Neurology still remains one of the most underserved specialties of medicine in Pakistan with roug... more Neurology still remains one of the most underserved specialties of medicine in Pakistan with roughly one neurologist per million people. Movement disorders (MD) are neurological problems that interfere with patient's motor abilities and diagnosis is typically clinical. In this review, we describe a practical approach to common MD emergencies that may be encountered by a non-neurologist physician, emphasizing on formulating a working diagnosis and their immediate management. Movement disorder emergencies can be classified based on MD phenomenology and we will provide a brief overview of dystonia including acute dystonic reaction, PAID syndrome and dystonic storm; chorea, myoclonus including serotonin syndrome and startle disease; and rigidity including neuroleptic malignant syndrome and malignant hyperthermia.
Life Sciences International Journal, 2007
Nine cultivars of mung bean were evaluated for grain yield, drought tolerance and insect pest’s r... more Nine cultivars of mung bean were evaluated for grain yield, drought tolerance and insect pest’s resistance against local cultivar under rainfed conditions at Barani Agri. Research Station Kohat during Kharif 1999. Results revealed that cultivar NM-54 was found relatively more resistant to white flies, jassids, and chyromellid, as compared to other tested entries. Cultivars Chakwal-94 and NM-94 were found resistant to thrips. Local variety was most late maturing (67 days), while NM-54 took 59 days to mature showing early maturity. Maximum plant height (32 cm) was recorded for NCM-206, while minimum height (20.2 cm) was recorded for Chakwal-96. Maximum grain yield (263 kg/ha) was recorded for NCM-206 followed by Chakwal-96 (236 kg/ha). Chakwal-96 and NCM-206 on the basis of resistance to insects/pest and higher yield were recommended for planting in Kohat region
TURKISH JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTER SCIENCES, 2021
Image hashing is one of the most celebrated techniques regarding the discipline of image forensic... more Image hashing is one of the most celebrated techniques regarding the discipline of image forensics, image retrieval, image indexing, content verification, and zero watermarking. For such sensitive and complex problems, generation of a unique and robust image hash is an utmost prerequisite for an image identifier driven from the perceptual contents of an image. As a design perspective, it is essential for an image hash to have robustness and optimized discriminative capability. We propose a robust image hashing technique by acquiring perceptual features based on a novel distance magnitude profile utilizing color pixel incongruity among the contiguous pixels, as well as producing a structural image for discrimination. The combination of both results provide a state-of-the-art robust profile that has efficient discriminative capacity and is impervious to usual signal processing violations.
European Journal of Dental Education, 2021
ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the current trends in undergraduate teach... more ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the current trends in undergraduate teaching of removable partial prosthodontics in various dental colleges of Pakistan.MethodologyA cross‐sectional study was conducted in which a questionnaire was sent by email to head of Prosthodontics department of thirty‐one dental institutes of Pakistan. The survey included multiple questions regarding current trends in removable partial prosthodontics education in undergraduate dental colleges.ResultsOut of thirty‐one questionnaires, twenty‐six were completely filled and returned. In 19 (73%) dental colleges, removable partial denture is taught over a period of at least two years of undergraduate education. Students of only six dental colleges fabricate 10–12 removable partial dentures during their Prosthodontic rotation. Lectures and live clinical demonstration for construction of removable acrylic dentures are reported to be carried out in all the dental schools. Simple hinge articulato...
Computers, Materials & Continua, 2021
) is a newer type of coronavirus that has not been formally detected in humans. It is established... more ) is a newer type of coronavirus that has not been formally detected in humans. It is established that this disease often affects people of different age groups, particularly those with body disorders, blood pressure, diabetes, heart problems, or weakened immune systems. The epidemic of this infection has recently had a huge impact on people around the globe with rising mortality rates. Rising levels of mortality are attributed to their transmitting behavior through physical contact between humans. It is extremely necessary to monitor the transmission of the infection and also to anticipate the early stages of the disease in such a way that the appropriate timing of effective precautionary measures can be taken. The latest global coronavirus epidemic (COVID-19) has brought new challenges to the scientific community. Artificial Intelligence (AI)-motivated methodologies may be useful in predicting the conditions, consequences, and implications of such an outbreak. These forecasts may help to monitor and prevent the spread of these outbreaks. This article proposes a predictive framework incorporating Support Vector Machines (SVM) in the forecasting of a potential outbreak of COVID-19. The findings indicate that the suggested system outperforms cutting-edge approaches. The method could be used to predict the long-term spread of such an outbreak so that we can implement proactive measures in advance. The findings of the analyses indicate that the SVM forecasting framework outperformed the Neural Network methods in terms of accuracy and computational complexity. The proposed SVM system model exhibits 98.88% and 96.79% result in terms of accuracy during training and validation respectively.
Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association, 2020
To determine the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of interns, general dentists and specialist pr... more To determine the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of interns, general dentists and specialist prosthodontists in providing Removable Partial denture (RPD) to Patients in dental schools of Karachi, Pakistan; to propose changes to be made in the undergraduate curriculum so that the newly graduating student and the practicing dentist can benefit. METHODOLOGY: A total of 573 subjects participated in this questionnaire, which evaluated the participant's attitude and knowledge of designing an RPD and communication with the dental laboratory. The questionnaire comprised of five questions about Practices, 2 about their attitude and 9 about the base-line knowledge of the RPD designing. . The survey was conducted through a questionnaire on Google form. Statistical analyses of data were computed using SPSS version 21. Mean and standard deviations were calculated for continuous variables while frequencies and percentages were calculated for the categorical variables. RESULTS: From 573 participants, 306 (53.40%) were dental interns, 210 (36.6%) general dentist, 30 (5.23%) specialists having 5<year experience and 27 (4.712%) were specialist having >5 five year experience. The mean age of participants was 25.45 years. There was a female predominance in the study subject, (73%). Some 42% of the participants provided RPD services to patients 1-2 times a month. 51.3% responded that dentist should be responsible for designing an RPD. Only 14% (n=81) of the study participants were fully aware of the importance of surveying jaw casts before mouth preparation. CONCLUSION: Majority of the dentists had insufficient knowledge and inadequate attitudes and practices regarding RPD.
IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 2019
2017 14th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology (IBCAST), 2017
Use of Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks has significantly revolutionized the field of communic... more Use of Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks has significantly revolutionized the field of communication and has provided an ease for researchers to get a clear insight of areas which were inaccessible to human beings. The concerning part of the Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks is its limited living period or energy constraint, small size, limited bandwidth, low processing speed and inaccessibility of recovery from inaccessible areas. To overcome the issue of increasing the life period of Wireless Multimedia Sensor Nodes and without missing any task deadline that is being performed by each sensor node, an energy efficient scheduling mechanism has been proposed that uses the concept of lightweight processors, without compromising the deadlines and limiting the overall size of the sensor node. The idea is to cut down the processor into two parts the main processor or primary processor and the secondary lightweight processor or we have named it as by-processor. The main processor contains the major part of the processor, whereas the lightweight processor or by processor contains a small portion, which comes into operation only when a chance of missing a deadline is hit. It uses the concept of dynamic voltage and frequency scaling as proposed in earlier versions with fixed priorities in lieu of deadlines, with the addition of lightweight processors that ensures the integrity of deadlines that are being missed. This technique will ensure and maintained Quality of Service (QoS) and also it increases the life period of Wireless Multimedia Sensor Nodes without affecting the size of each sensor node.
2015 12th International Conference on High-capacity Optical Networks and Enabling/Emerging Technologies (HONET), 2015
Wireless multimedia sensor networks have captured the attention of many due to their portability ... more Wireless multimedia sensor networks have captured the attention of many due to their portability and their easy access in hard-to-access areas. They consist of a group of sensor nodes with their own transceiver and power source. The optimal connection and structure of these components allows the wireless multimedia sensor network to effectively measure and sense the physical characteristics of the environment in which they are being deployed. Their applications may vary from video surveillance, real-time traffic control systems, military applications and advanced health care delivery and other medical applications. Power, energy, frequency and voltage are the significant parameters for the Wireless Multimedia Sensors Networks. The main idea of this paper is to propose a node-level optimal Real-Time priority based Dynamic scheduling algorithm that schedules tasks according to their priorities by increasing or decreasing the frequency, using dynamic voltage frequency scaling and hence makes efficient use of energy. The Priority based scheduling helps in achieving Quality of Service (QoS) for delay sensitive traffic.
Sensors, 2015
The synergy of computational and physical network components leading to the Internet of Things, D... more The synergy of computational and physical network components leading to the Internet of Things, Data and Services has been made feasible by the use of Cyber Physical Systems (CPSs). CPS engineering promises to impact system condition monitoring for a diverse range of fields from healthcare, manufacturing, and transportation to aerospace and warfare. CPS for environment monitoring applications completely transforms human-to-human, human-to-machine and machine-to-machine interactions with the use of Internet Cloud. A recent trend is to gain assistance from mergers between virtual networking and physical actuation to reliably perform all conventional and complex sensing and communication tasks. Oil and gas pipeline monitoring provides a novel example of the benefits of CPS, providing a reliable remote monitoring platform to Sensors 2015, 15 7173 leverage environment, strategic and economic benefits. In this paper, we evaluate the applications and technical requirements for seamlessly integrating CPS with sensor network plane from a reliability perspective and review the strategies for communicating information between remote monitoring sites and the widely deployed sensor nodes. Related challenges and issues in network architecture design and relevant protocols are also provided with classification. This is supported by a case study on implementing reliable monitoring of oil and gas pipeline installations. Network parameters like node-discovery, node-mobility, data security, link connectivity, data aggregation, information knowledge discovery and quality of service provisioning have been reviewed.
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Papers by muhammad farhan khan