PROCEEDING OF THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED RESEARCH IN PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCE (ICARPAS2021): Third Annual Conference of Al-Muthanna University/College of Science
Nanotechnology is one of the important technologies in recent years, which leads to great improve... more Nanotechnology is one of the important technologies in recent years, which leads to great improvements in many areas of application, whether in the fields of electronics, medicine, physics and chemistry. Thin films of zinc sulfide nanoparticles were deposited onto glass substrates by thermal evaporation from crystals of ZnS NPs. The change in the morphological and structural properties of the membranes deposited in different substrates (100-200 and 300 ° C) was investigated by XRD, SEM, and AFM. The results obtained from XRD showed that the membranes are structured in a cubic zinc mixture with (111) preferential orientation. The size of the nanoparticles ranges from (8-22) nm through the study of FESEM. Also, by examining EDX, the main elements of the compound and the atomic and weight ratios were identified. AFM showed that the surface roughness increases with increasing temperature. The strong cubic structure taken as thin layers allowed us to conclude that ZnS NPs can be used as solar cells.
Prospects of Fresh Market Wastes Management in Developing Countries, 2020
The nanoparticles have received high interest in the field of medicine and water purification, ho... more The nanoparticles have received high interest in the field of medicine and water purification, however, the nanomaterials produced by chemical and physical methods are considered hazardous, expensive, and leave behind harmful substances to the environment. This chapter aimed to focus on green-synthesized nanoparticles and their medical applications. Moreover, the chapter highlighted the applicability of the metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) in the inactivation of microbial cells due to their high surface and small particle size. Modifying nanomaterials produced by green-methods is safe, inexpensive, and easy. Therefore, the control and modification of nanoparticles and their properties were also discussed.
Efficiency enhancement of nano structured Cu2O:Ag/ laser etched silicon-thin films fabricated via vacuum thermal evaporation technique for solar cell application
International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development, 2020
A heavy metal such as Plumbum (II), Copper (II), Zinc (II), and Cadmium (II) is found in contamin... more A heavy metal such as Plumbum (II), Copper (II), Zinc (II), and Cadmium (II) is found in contaminated water and needs to be treated to reduce the well being danger to customers either human, verdure or fauna. As of late, polymermetal nanocomposites found to be potential as a heavy metal safeguard. In this research, report on the concentrate on synthesizing polystyrene entrenched (doped) with silver NPs (polystyrene-silver NPs) as faint-cost metal absorber material which ispossible to remove zink heavy metals from contaminated water is highlighted. The silver NPs in the range of ~ 130 nm were bio-synthesized by Murayakoenigi leaves extract and the polystyrene is synthesised through nanoprecipitation method. The manufactured wastewater was prepared in the centralization of 10, 20 and 50 mg/l as models for lower to higher contaminated wastewater conditions. (FTIR) Fourier Transform Infrared spectrum, which is used to find out the chemical bonding of polystyrene-silver NCs and (AFM) atomic force microscopy is used to determine the topology of the surface and particle distribution. UV-Vis spectroscopy is used to analyze the rate of polystyrene-silver NCs absorbance and the concentration of zink in synthetic waste water. The polystyrene-silver NCs ability to remove zink heavy metals was contemplated using two main manipulate parameters, pH value and contact time. The removal of more than 70% of zink heavy metals by polystyrene-silver NPs from synthetic wastewater are within 30 minutes, in both controlled parameters. The ideal zink retention by polystyrene-silver NCs for the two proportions of 1:3 and 1:5 of polystyrene-silver NCs was at 91% at ideal state of pH 5 and 50 minutes of contact times. This report shows polystyrenesilver NCs as a potential nano technology base heavy metal safeguard for the application and activity of wastewater development.
Ferroelectric thin films are an important class of materials for microelectronics. The integratio... more Ferroelectric thin films are an important class of materials for microelectronics. The integration of ferroelectrics is of particular interest for applications such as ferroelectrics random access memories (FeRAMs), actuators and micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) [1,2]. The application of ferroelectric materials in FeRAMs is based on the existence of a bistable polarization that remains even in the absence of an external electric field [2,3]. FeRAMs are attractive memories because of their nonvolatility, lower working voltage and high access speed. For this application ferroelectric films should exhibit large remanent polarization (P r) and small coercive field (E c), polarization fatigue-free behavior and the ability to be crystallized at a low processing temperatures. PbZr 1Àx Ti x O 3 (PZT) is still one of the most widely used compositions for this application because of its superior properties. However, due to environmental concerns the replacement of lead based materials is now under consideration [3]. Among lead-free ferroelectrics, SrBi 2 Ta 2 O 9 (SBT), SrBi 2 Nb 2 O 9 (SBN), SrBi 4 Ti 3 O 15 and Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 (BIT) are known as promising compounds for FeRAM applications because of their low leakage current, good fatigue endurance and high remanent polarization [3]. The Aurivillius type structure BIT is known to crystallize at lower temperatures (around 650 8C) when compared with other Aurivillius compounds like SBT that crystallizes at 800 8C, what may be a competitive advantage in terms of processing and materials compatibilization (with substrate, electrodes and metallization). BIT thin films are characterized by a small coercive field, high remanent polarization and high Curie temperature. BIT undergoes a first-order transition at 676 8C from the paraelectric to the ferroelectric phase [4], which is well suitable for high temperature applications. However the ferroelectric response and fatigue are highly dependent on the material stoichiometry [5]. Recent studies revealed that Bi 3+ ions in the pseudo-perovskite (Bi 2 Ti 3 O 12) 2+ layers of the BIT structure can be substituted by trivalent rare-earth ions, such as La 3+ , Pr 3+ , Ce 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Dy 3+ , and Gd 3+ , and the improvement of the ferroelectric response was reported [6]. Because the origin of ferroelectricity in BIT is attributed to the tilting of the TiO 6 octahedron cell from the c-axis and a rotation in the a-b plane, the substitution of the Bi 3+ ions in the pseudo-perovskite layers with suitable lanthanide trivalent ions affects the ionic shift contributing to the enhancement of the dipole displacement [2]. The fatigue-free behavior of lanthanidesubstituted BIT thin films can then be attributed to the enhancement of the stability of the oxygen in the TiO 6 octahedron cell, which is caused by the substitution of Bi 3+ ions for lanthanide ones-BLT [1]. Hardy et al. [6] studied the influence of the variation of the composition of Bi 4Àx La x Ti 3 O 12 (BLT) (with x = 0.5, 0.65, 0.75 and 0.85) on the microstructure and properties of the films derived from aqueous chemical solution deposition methods. The increase of La leads to a decrease of remanent polarization, P r due to changes in film texture and grain size. La increase leads to a preferential c-axis orientation together with a reduction in the grain size. Both those effects had a negative influence on P r. In the last years, BLT ferroelectric thin films have been prepared by different processes such as, pulsed laser deposition (PLD), sputtering, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), metallorganic
Niobium mixed oxides catalyst for environment remediation
This project is devoted to be mixed oxide niobium catalyst in environmental remediation purposes.... more This project is devoted to be mixed oxide niobium catalyst in environmental remediation purposes. Niobium oxides and mixed oxides as well as sulfides, nitrides (oxynitrides), carbides (oxycarbides), and phosphates are considered. Among the catalyyic processes, Nb-containing materials were tested under ambient and corrosive environment. The role of niobium porous in absorbing the sulphite and nitride component was also investigated. The surface chemical composition of Nb samples prepared by following procedures commonly employed in the sample preparation using X-ray Photoelectron (XPS) and Angle Resolved X-ray Photoelectron (ARXPS). The series of ambient and corrosive exposure analysis was performed in order to monitor the development of oxide on the sample surfaces as it reacts with the oxygen, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide. During the exposure phase, it was found that there is a progressive reduction of Nb oxides from NbO, NbO2 and finally Nb2O2. The O photoelectron signal ex...
Characterization of laser plasma irradiation on solid target
... Ali, Ahmad Hadi and Bidin, Noriah and Jamian, Mohd Nordin and Agam, Mohd Arif and Embong, Zai... more ... Ali, Ahmad Hadi and Bidin, Noriah and Jamian, Mohd Nordin and Agam, Mohd Arif and Embong, Zaidi and Rubani, Siti Nur Kamariah (2011) Characterization of laser plasma irradiation on solid target. Project Report. ... ID Code: 1787. Deposited By: Cik Normajihan Abd. Rahman. ...
Non-idealistic pharmaceutical, pharmacokinetic and therapeutic-characteristic predominately combi... more Non-idealistic pharmaceutical, pharmacokinetic and therapeutic-characteristic predominately combines to decrease the effectiveness of certain composites. For the vectoring of such compounds to target areas, and liposomes and nanoparticles carrier technology provides an interesting and intelligent approach to drug delivery. It provides drug delivery by conjugating the drug to a transporter particlelike, microscopes, liposomes, nanoparticles, et cetera. Due to their small size and other effective properties, microspheres are an important portion of a drug-particle delivery system. The release systems are very important and can compare with the fabrication methods, this when the drug delivery become inside the body. This review highlights different types of drug delivery and drug delivery methods this article also focuses on different types of microspheres such as radioactive float microspheres biological adhesive microspheres, polymeric microbes, microspheres, and magnetic microspheres.
Nanospheres made of organic polymer have been applied to generate various patterning mask in fabr... more Nanospheres made of organic polymer have been applied to generate various patterning mask in fabricating functional nanostructures. The patterning and generation of semiconductor nanostructures through nanospheres mask provides a potential alternative to the conventional top-down fabrication techniques. Polystyrene nanosphere was modified using reactive ion etching (RIE) with O2 plasma at various duration of exposure (0, 20, 40 sec) and further extended to produce nanostructure by employing combination of O2 and mixed CHF3/SF6 gases. These edge PS nanospheres are later reduced as nanostructures and characterized using various characterization techniques such as Field Emission Scan Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (FESEM)/EDS, Atomic Force Microscopy and Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The potential for multi stages etching procedures of O2 and later with SF6/CHF3 plasma etching are found to modify the nanospheres shapes and sizes which are important either as secondary mask for metal evaporation or as direct patterning of carbonaceous materials when exposed to irradiation sources. The nanostructures made using RIE will have applications in low power high performance electronic devices, optoelectronic, photovoltaic, biosensors and lithium ion battery devices.
Heavy metals toxicity can adversely affect aquatic life and in some cases result in massive fish ... more Heavy metals toxicity can adversely affect aquatic life and in some cases result in massive fish mortalities. Recent observation of fish mortalities floating on the surface of Bandar Hilir (city center) section of Melaka River (Latitude 2.194871, Longitude 102.248950) but none in the section of the river close to the open sea (latitude 2.193556, Longitude 102.247048) necessitated research into the cause. This work looks into heavy metal contamination as a possible cause. It also presents the use of wastewater culture method for growing an indigenous microalga Scenedesmus sp. while simultaneously serving as a means for bioremediation of the river water. Water sample from the two sections were collected for laboratory analysis. This research used Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to detect the presence and concentration of selected heavy metals in the two different sections. The results show a significantly higher concentration of Zn in the section with fish morta...
Synthesis and Characterizations of Co-Doped TiO2 Nanoparticles Via Co-Precipitation Method
Solid State Technology, 2020
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are playing an important role in electronic appliance... more Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are playing an important role in electronic appliances. In the current study, a co-precipitation method was used to prepare Cobalt doped TiO2 nanoparticles at various Cobalt percentages (4%, 5%, 6%, and 7% w/w). Titanium tetra isopropoxide (TTIP) and cobalt nitrate were used as starting precursors for titanium dioxide and Co nanoparticles, respectively. The gained products were calcined at 500°C to observe three phases (anatase, brookite, and rutile) of TiO2. The analysis of crystal phase structure, average crystallite size, hkl planes, the lattice constant, and volume of the unit cell of Cobalt doped TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) was carried under X-ray diffraction (XRD). The structural, optical, and morphological characterizations of the samples were analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction XRD (XRD), Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. It was observed that the XRD patterns contain the peaks b...
Polystyrene (PS) is found to become a future major environmental issue and aggressive attempt by ... more Polystyrene (PS) is found to become a future major environmental issue and aggressive attempt by scientists to recycle PS into useful functional, recycle materials are becoming recent research trend. Polystyrene has been considered as a potential conductive and wave absorber materials. Doping PS with metal nanomaterials are found to enhance PS physical properties, thus enable the fine tuning of its conductive and wave absorbing properties. In this report, expanded polystyrene as source of PS waste materials are dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF), later added into deionized (DI) water to form precipitate polystyrene nanoparticles. This procedure enables easy access of dope silver (Ag) nanoparticles into PS in a colloidal form especially for homogeneity consideration. The UV-Vis spectroscopy (Ultra-Violet Visible), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Vector Network Analysis (VNA) are used to investigate the dope...
Solar cell absorber Kesteritetype Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films have been prepared by Chemical Bath... more Solar cell absorber Kesteritetype Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films have been prepared by Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD). UV–vis absorption spectra measurement indicated that the band gap of as-synthesized CZTS was about1.68 eV, which was near the optimum value for photovoltaic solar conversion in a single-band-gap device. The polycrystalline CZTS thin films with kieserite crystal structure have been obtained by XRD. The average of crystalline size of
The electrodeposition of copper onto carbon substrate was studied in 0.5 M of CuSO4 solution at v... more The electrodeposition of copper onto carbon substrate was studied in 0.5 M of CuSO4 solution at various applied voltages; 2.0, 4.8 and 6.0 V. The electrodeposition was carried in an electrochemical cell with copper as the anode and carbon as the cathode. The influence of electrodeposition parameters on the thickness of deposits and surface roughness of copper films were studied in detail using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The current value increases with the increasing of applied voltage. Charge-discharge test was performed in 0.5 M and 1.0 M of HCl, and revealed that high concentration of electrolyte resulted high surface roughness and thickness of copper film.
PROCEEDING OF THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED RESEARCH IN PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCE (ICARPAS2021): Third Annual Conference of Al-Muthanna University/College of Science
Nanotechnology is one of the important technologies in recent years, which leads to great improve... more Nanotechnology is one of the important technologies in recent years, which leads to great improvements in many areas of application, whether in the fields of electronics, medicine, physics and chemistry. Thin films of zinc sulfide nanoparticles were deposited onto glass substrates by thermal evaporation from crystals of ZnS NPs. The change in the morphological and structural properties of the membranes deposited in different substrates (100-200 and 300 ° C) was investigated by XRD, SEM, and AFM. The results obtained from XRD showed that the membranes are structured in a cubic zinc mixture with (111) preferential orientation. The size of the nanoparticles ranges from (8-22) nm through the study of FESEM. Also, by examining EDX, the main elements of the compound and the atomic and weight ratios were identified. AFM showed that the surface roughness increases with increasing temperature. The strong cubic structure taken as thin layers allowed us to conclude that ZnS NPs can be used as solar cells.
Prospects of Fresh Market Wastes Management in Developing Countries, 2020
The nanoparticles have received high interest in the field of medicine and water purification, ho... more The nanoparticles have received high interest in the field of medicine and water purification, however, the nanomaterials produced by chemical and physical methods are considered hazardous, expensive, and leave behind harmful substances to the environment. This chapter aimed to focus on green-synthesized nanoparticles and their medical applications. Moreover, the chapter highlighted the applicability of the metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) in the inactivation of microbial cells due to their high surface and small particle size. Modifying nanomaterials produced by green-methods is safe, inexpensive, and easy. Therefore, the control and modification of nanoparticles and their properties were also discussed.
Efficiency enhancement of nano structured Cu2O:Ag/ laser etched silicon-thin films fabricated via vacuum thermal evaporation technique for solar cell application
International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development, 2020
A heavy metal such as Plumbum (II), Copper (II), Zinc (II), and Cadmium (II) is found in contamin... more A heavy metal such as Plumbum (II), Copper (II), Zinc (II), and Cadmium (II) is found in contaminated water and needs to be treated to reduce the well being danger to customers either human, verdure or fauna. As of late, polymermetal nanocomposites found to be potential as a heavy metal safeguard. In this research, report on the concentrate on synthesizing polystyrene entrenched (doped) with silver NPs (polystyrene-silver NPs) as faint-cost metal absorber material which ispossible to remove zink heavy metals from contaminated water is highlighted. The silver NPs in the range of ~ 130 nm were bio-synthesized by Murayakoenigi leaves extract and the polystyrene is synthesised through nanoprecipitation method. The manufactured wastewater was prepared in the centralization of 10, 20 and 50 mg/l as models for lower to higher contaminated wastewater conditions. (FTIR) Fourier Transform Infrared spectrum, which is used to find out the chemical bonding of polystyrene-silver NCs and (AFM) atomic force microscopy is used to determine the topology of the surface and particle distribution. UV-Vis spectroscopy is used to analyze the rate of polystyrene-silver NCs absorbance and the concentration of zink in synthetic waste water. The polystyrene-silver NCs ability to remove zink heavy metals was contemplated using two main manipulate parameters, pH value and contact time. The removal of more than 70% of zink heavy metals by polystyrene-silver NPs from synthetic wastewater are within 30 minutes, in both controlled parameters. The ideal zink retention by polystyrene-silver NCs for the two proportions of 1:3 and 1:5 of polystyrene-silver NCs was at 91% at ideal state of pH 5 and 50 minutes of contact times. This report shows polystyrenesilver NCs as a potential nano technology base heavy metal safeguard for the application and activity of wastewater development.
Ferroelectric thin films are an important class of materials for microelectronics. The integratio... more Ferroelectric thin films are an important class of materials for microelectronics. The integration of ferroelectrics is of particular interest for applications such as ferroelectrics random access memories (FeRAMs), actuators and micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) [1,2]. The application of ferroelectric materials in FeRAMs is based on the existence of a bistable polarization that remains even in the absence of an external electric field [2,3]. FeRAMs are attractive memories because of their nonvolatility, lower working voltage and high access speed. For this application ferroelectric films should exhibit large remanent polarization (P r) and small coercive field (E c), polarization fatigue-free behavior and the ability to be crystallized at a low processing temperatures. PbZr 1Àx Ti x O 3 (PZT) is still one of the most widely used compositions for this application because of its superior properties. However, due to environmental concerns the replacement of lead based materials is now under consideration [3]. Among lead-free ferroelectrics, SrBi 2 Ta 2 O 9 (SBT), SrBi 2 Nb 2 O 9 (SBN), SrBi 4 Ti 3 O 15 and Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 (BIT) are known as promising compounds for FeRAM applications because of their low leakage current, good fatigue endurance and high remanent polarization [3]. The Aurivillius type structure BIT is known to crystallize at lower temperatures (around 650 8C) when compared with other Aurivillius compounds like SBT that crystallizes at 800 8C, what may be a competitive advantage in terms of processing and materials compatibilization (with substrate, electrodes and metallization). BIT thin films are characterized by a small coercive field, high remanent polarization and high Curie temperature. BIT undergoes a first-order transition at 676 8C from the paraelectric to the ferroelectric phase [4], which is well suitable for high temperature applications. However the ferroelectric response and fatigue are highly dependent on the material stoichiometry [5]. Recent studies revealed that Bi 3+ ions in the pseudo-perovskite (Bi 2 Ti 3 O 12) 2+ layers of the BIT structure can be substituted by trivalent rare-earth ions, such as La 3+ , Pr 3+ , Ce 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Dy 3+ , and Gd 3+ , and the improvement of the ferroelectric response was reported [6]. Because the origin of ferroelectricity in BIT is attributed to the tilting of the TiO 6 octahedron cell from the c-axis and a rotation in the a-b plane, the substitution of the Bi 3+ ions in the pseudo-perovskite layers with suitable lanthanide trivalent ions affects the ionic shift contributing to the enhancement of the dipole displacement [2]. The fatigue-free behavior of lanthanidesubstituted BIT thin films can then be attributed to the enhancement of the stability of the oxygen in the TiO 6 octahedron cell, which is caused by the substitution of Bi 3+ ions for lanthanide ones-BLT [1]. Hardy et al. [6] studied the influence of the variation of the composition of Bi 4Àx La x Ti 3 O 12 (BLT) (with x = 0.5, 0.65, 0.75 and 0.85) on the microstructure and properties of the films derived from aqueous chemical solution deposition methods. The increase of La leads to a decrease of remanent polarization, P r due to changes in film texture and grain size. La increase leads to a preferential c-axis orientation together with a reduction in the grain size. Both those effects had a negative influence on P r. In the last years, BLT ferroelectric thin films have been prepared by different processes such as, pulsed laser deposition (PLD), sputtering, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), metallorganic
Niobium mixed oxides catalyst for environment remediation
This project is devoted to be mixed oxide niobium catalyst in environmental remediation purposes.... more This project is devoted to be mixed oxide niobium catalyst in environmental remediation purposes. Niobium oxides and mixed oxides as well as sulfides, nitrides (oxynitrides), carbides (oxycarbides), and phosphates are considered. Among the catalyyic processes, Nb-containing materials were tested under ambient and corrosive environment. The role of niobium porous in absorbing the sulphite and nitride component was also investigated. The surface chemical composition of Nb samples prepared by following procedures commonly employed in the sample preparation using X-ray Photoelectron (XPS) and Angle Resolved X-ray Photoelectron (ARXPS). The series of ambient and corrosive exposure analysis was performed in order to monitor the development of oxide on the sample surfaces as it reacts with the oxygen, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide. During the exposure phase, it was found that there is a progressive reduction of Nb oxides from NbO, NbO2 and finally Nb2O2. The O photoelectron signal ex...
Characterization of laser plasma irradiation on solid target
... Ali, Ahmad Hadi and Bidin, Noriah and Jamian, Mohd Nordin and Agam, Mohd Arif and Embong, Zai... more ... Ali, Ahmad Hadi and Bidin, Noriah and Jamian, Mohd Nordin and Agam, Mohd Arif and Embong, Zaidi and Rubani, Siti Nur Kamariah (2011) Characterization of laser plasma irradiation on solid target. Project Report. ... ID Code: 1787. Deposited By: Cik Normajihan Abd. Rahman. ...
Non-idealistic pharmaceutical, pharmacokinetic and therapeutic-characteristic predominately combi... more Non-idealistic pharmaceutical, pharmacokinetic and therapeutic-characteristic predominately combines to decrease the effectiveness of certain composites. For the vectoring of such compounds to target areas, and liposomes and nanoparticles carrier technology provides an interesting and intelligent approach to drug delivery. It provides drug delivery by conjugating the drug to a transporter particlelike, microscopes, liposomes, nanoparticles, et cetera. Due to their small size and other effective properties, microspheres are an important portion of a drug-particle delivery system. The release systems are very important and can compare with the fabrication methods, this when the drug delivery become inside the body. This review highlights different types of drug delivery and drug delivery methods this article also focuses on different types of microspheres such as radioactive float microspheres biological adhesive microspheres, polymeric microbes, microspheres, and magnetic microspheres.
Nanospheres made of organic polymer have been applied to generate various patterning mask in fabr... more Nanospheres made of organic polymer have been applied to generate various patterning mask in fabricating functional nanostructures. The patterning and generation of semiconductor nanostructures through nanospheres mask provides a potential alternative to the conventional top-down fabrication techniques. Polystyrene nanosphere was modified using reactive ion etching (RIE) with O2 plasma at various duration of exposure (0, 20, 40 sec) and further extended to produce nanostructure by employing combination of O2 and mixed CHF3/SF6 gases. These edge PS nanospheres are later reduced as nanostructures and characterized using various characterization techniques such as Field Emission Scan Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (FESEM)/EDS, Atomic Force Microscopy and Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The potential for multi stages etching procedures of O2 and later with SF6/CHF3 plasma etching are found to modify the nanospheres shapes and sizes which are important either as secondary mask for metal evaporation or as direct patterning of carbonaceous materials when exposed to irradiation sources. The nanostructures made using RIE will have applications in low power high performance electronic devices, optoelectronic, photovoltaic, biosensors and lithium ion battery devices.
Heavy metals toxicity can adversely affect aquatic life and in some cases result in massive fish ... more Heavy metals toxicity can adversely affect aquatic life and in some cases result in massive fish mortalities. Recent observation of fish mortalities floating on the surface of Bandar Hilir (city center) section of Melaka River (Latitude 2.194871, Longitude 102.248950) but none in the section of the river close to the open sea (latitude 2.193556, Longitude 102.247048) necessitated research into the cause. This work looks into heavy metal contamination as a possible cause. It also presents the use of wastewater culture method for growing an indigenous microalga Scenedesmus sp. while simultaneously serving as a means for bioremediation of the river water. Water sample from the two sections were collected for laboratory analysis. This research used Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to detect the presence and concentration of selected heavy metals in the two different sections. The results show a significantly higher concentration of Zn in the section with fish morta...
Synthesis and Characterizations of Co-Doped TiO2 Nanoparticles Via Co-Precipitation Method
Solid State Technology, 2020
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are playing an important role in electronic appliance... more Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are playing an important role in electronic appliances. In the current study, a co-precipitation method was used to prepare Cobalt doped TiO2 nanoparticles at various Cobalt percentages (4%, 5%, 6%, and 7% w/w). Titanium tetra isopropoxide (TTIP) and cobalt nitrate were used as starting precursors for titanium dioxide and Co nanoparticles, respectively. The gained products were calcined at 500°C to observe three phases (anatase, brookite, and rutile) of TiO2. The analysis of crystal phase structure, average crystallite size, hkl planes, the lattice constant, and volume of the unit cell of Cobalt doped TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) was carried under X-ray diffraction (XRD). The structural, optical, and morphological characterizations of the samples were analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction XRD (XRD), Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. It was observed that the XRD patterns contain the peaks b...
Polystyrene (PS) is found to become a future major environmental issue and aggressive attempt by ... more Polystyrene (PS) is found to become a future major environmental issue and aggressive attempt by scientists to recycle PS into useful functional, recycle materials are becoming recent research trend. Polystyrene has been considered as a potential conductive and wave absorber materials. Doping PS with metal nanomaterials are found to enhance PS physical properties, thus enable the fine tuning of its conductive and wave absorbing properties. In this report, expanded polystyrene as source of PS waste materials are dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF), later added into deionized (DI) water to form precipitate polystyrene nanoparticles. This procedure enables easy access of dope silver (Ag) nanoparticles into PS in a colloidal form especially for homogeneity consideration. The UV-Vis spectroscopy (Ultra-Violet Visible), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Vector Network Analysis (VNA) are used to investigate the dope...
Solar cell absorber Kesteritetype Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films have been prepared by Chemical Bath... more Solar cell absorber Kesteritetype Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films have been prepared by Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD). UV–vis absorption spectra measurement indicated that the band gap of as-synthesized CZTS was about1.68 eV, which was near the optimum value for photovoltaic solar conversion in a single-band-gap device. The polycrystalline CZTS thin films with kieserite crystal structure have been obtained by XRD. The average of crystalline size of
The electrodeposition of copper onto carbon substrate was studied in 0.5 M of CuSO4 solution at v... more The electrodeposition of copper onto carbon substrate was studied in 0.5 M of CuSO4 solution at various applied voltages; 2.0, 4.8 and 6.0 V. The electrodeposition was carried in an electrochemical cell with copper as the anode and carbon as the cathode. The influence of electrodeposition parameters on the thickness of deposits and surface roughness of copper films were studied in detail using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The current value increases with the increasing of applied voltage. Charge-discharge test was performed in 0.5 M and 1.0 M of HCl, and revealed that high concentration of electrolyte resulted high surface roughness and thickness of copper film.
Uploads
Papers by mohd arif agam