Performance analysis of non‐orthogonal multiple access in downlink cooperative network
IET Communications, 2015
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), an emerging technology to improve system capacity and spec... more Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), an emerging technology to improve system capacity and spectrum efficiency, has attracted significant attention. In this study, the authors propose a NOMA-based downlink cooperative cellular system, where the base station communicates with two paired mobile users simultaneously through the help of a half-duplex amplify-and-forward relay. The outage performance of the system is investigated and closed-form expressions for their respective exact and asymptotic outage scheme are derived. Furthermore, they study the ergodic sum rate of the two paired users and the upper bound of the ergodic sum rate is obtained. By comparing the NOMA with conventional multiple access (MA) via numerical simulations, they have shown that NOMA can obtain the same diversity order with conventional MA, and achieve nearly the same sum rate with conventional MA. Furthermore, NOMA can offer better spectral efficiency and user fairness since more users are served at the same time, frequency, and spreading code.
Design of square cavity based on novel add drop filter using two-dimensional PCRR
In this paper, we designated and performed the add/drop filter using the photonic crystal ring re... more In this paper, we designated and performed the add/drop filter using the photonic crystal ring resonator(PCRR) in square configuration. The structure comprises of square lattice and silicon rods that are enclosed by air. Radius of silicon rod is 0.1 μm with index of refraction is 3.47. The proposed structure is realized by make use of the Finite Difference Time Domain(FDTD) method. 100% efficiency is arrived at 1491 nm and 1551 nm through with the bus waveguide as well as drop waveguide on an individual basis. Photonic Band gap of the proposed structure has been figured out by plane wave expansion method(PWE). The designated filter having ultra miniature size and also worthwhile for DWDM system.
Design and Analysis of 2 × 4 Array Antenna With Single Slot For UWB Applications
This paper presents designing of the 2×4 array antenna with the ultra-wide band for the S, C, and... more This paper presents designing of the 2×4 array antenna with the ultra-wide band for the S, C, and X Bands respectively. The proposed antenna can be designed by using the eight rectangular patches by placing as a 2×4 array by using a FR4 material as a substrate. It was observed that the designed antenna has ultra-wide band i.e., 10.36 GHZ and improved gain 9.2dB. It was found that the designed antenna one has a return loss of -31.1 dB. The simulation can be done on the HFSS software.
High Performance Add Drop Filter Based on PCRR for ITU-T G.694.2 CWDM System
Advances in intelligent systems and computing, 2016
In this work, we demonstrated add drop filter using photonic circular ring resonator. The propose... more In this work, we demonstrated add drop filter using photonic circular ring resonator. The proposed design incorporated square lattice structure and silicon rods that are enclosed by air. Dropping efficiency and coupling efficiency are explored by utilizing 2D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD). The designed filter gives nearly 100 % of dropping efficiency at 1500 nm and coupling efficiency at 1471 nm with refractive index of 3.47. Photonic band gap of the proposed design has been assessed through plane wave expansion method (PWE).
The researchers have studied the effect of living environment, occupation, and income in parents ... more The researchers have studied the effect of living environment, occupation, and income in parents who gave birth to Down syndrome (DS) children. A significantly (P < 0.05) high frequency of parents of DS found to live in urban area. In case of occupation and income no significant difference was observed. However, when the birth order and the income of the parents was analyzed, significantly high number of first born were found to be affected in low income group. The researchers' present observations suggest that the living environment and economic status plays an important role in the non-disjunction of chromosome 21, as resulting in the birth of DS offsprings.
International Journal of Communication Networks and Information Security (IJCNIS)
The recent progressions in Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud ... more The recent progressions in Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud computing transformed the traditional healthcare system into a smart healthcare system. Medical services can be improved through the incorporation of key technologies namely AI and IoT. The convergence of AI and IoT renders several openings in the healthcare system. In machine learning, deep learning can be considered a renowned topic with a wide range of applications like biomedicine, computer vision, speech recognition, drug discovery, visual object detection, natural language processing, disease prediction, bioinformatics, etc. Among these applications, medical science-related and health care applications were raised dramatically. This study develops a Cloud computing-based network analysis in the smart healthcare systems with neural network (CCNA-SHSNN) architecture. The presented CCNA-SHSNN technique assists in the decision-making process of the healthcare system in a real time clou...
Insomnia is difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep, even when a person has the chance to do ... more Insomnia is difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep, even when a person has the chance to do so. People with insomnia can feel dissatisfied with their sleep and usually experience one or more of the symptoms like fatigue, low energy, difficulty concentrating, mood disturbances, and decreased performance in work. Insomnia may be characterized based on its duration. Acute insomnia is brief and often happens because of life circumstances. Many people might have experienced this type of passing sleep disruption, and it tends to resolve without any treatment. Chronic insomnia is disrupted sleep that occurs at least three nights per week and lasts at least three months. Chronic insomnia disorders can have many causes. Insomnia results due to an imbalance between sleep inducing neurotransmitters. There are few methods and indexes reported to study about the sleep disorders in insomnia patients like Insomnia Severity Index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The treatment includes many drugs like Anti-Depressants, Benzodiazepines and also intake of Melatonin rich milk was also found to be effective.
Space and defence electronics system demands higher reliability for its operation in harsh (Maure... more Space and defence electronics system demands higher reliability for its operation in harsh (Maurer et al. in John Hopkins APL Tech Dig 28, 2008 [1]) and tough application environments. Development of processor (Azambuja et al. in IEEE Trans Nucl Sci 59, 2012 [2]) based electronics systems has advantages over sequencer logics, viz. high operating frequency, handle complex algorithm for autonomous operations, supports multiinput and multioutput systems, low form factor, ultra-low-power consumption and increased reliability. The operation of processor under various environmental conditions and its uninterrupted operations pave way to achieve successful missions. Most of the on-board computers for the space and defence systems are subjected to harsh environments due to cosmic radiations(aerial), high temperature, vibrations, sand and dust. Modular redundancy concepts aid to improve reliability however at the cost of increased form factor and enhanced power requirements. Researchers across the globe evolved with various methods and techniques to increase the ruggedness of the electronics systems. Traditional design hardening techniques viz. modular redundancies, parity algorithms, cyclic redundancy checks, single error correction and double error detection are in use to develop the fault-tolerant on-board computers. Since most of the fault-tolerant processors developed using in-house design, process hardening techniques for specific purpose, the availability of the same for the strategic programs and critical applications is limited
Induction of male Sterility by Gibberellic Acid in Sunflower
Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 1975
Data from field experiments indicated that application of GA at a concentration of 90–100 ppm on ... more Data from field experiments indicated that application of GA at a concentration of 90–100 ppm on the 3rd day after flower bud initiation induced a high degree of male sterility without affecting female fertility in sunflower. The time of application appears to be critical for the extent of sterility. For practical purposes, sterility in sunflower can be induced by spraying plants with 100 ppm GA at the rate of 0.5–0.75 ml per plant on the 30th and 40th day after sowing. This technique can be followed with good results in the production of small quantities of hybrid seed and also in top crosses where the combining ability is to be tested in a large number of inbreds.
The increasing number of traffic accidents due to a driver's diminished vigilance level has b... more The increasing number of traffic accidents due to a driver's diminished vigilance level has become a serious problem for society. Some of these accidents are the result of the driver's medical condition. However, a majority of these accidents are related to driver fatigue, drowsiness of drivers. Car accidents associated with driver fatigue are more likely to be serious, leading to serious injuries and deaths. In this paper, an algorithm for drivers' drowsiness detection based on eye states tracking is presented. I use a database which contains 150 images captured from different people in various conditions for better results. These images are captured using a camera located in a car in front of the driver. These images are used for tracking as input of the proposed method. In first step I use color space for drivers' face detection and crop the face from background. In the next step, I estimate the area of the eyes and crop image from this region. Then top and bottom...
Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research, 2020
The brain is an integral part of the human body responsible for regulating and controlling all vi... more The brain is an integral part of the human body responsible for regulating and controlling all vital life activities related to the body. A tumor is a mass of tissue formed from the collection of abnormal cells. A brain tumor is a tumor that forms or migrates into the brain. To date, no primary cause for brain tumors has been identified. Although brain tumors are not very common, brain tumors make up only 1.8% of the reported tumors worldwide. The mortality rate of malignant brain tumors is very high because it is an essential part of the body for tumor formation. Therefore, it is essential to accurately diagnose brain tumors at an early stage to reduce mortality. Therefore, we suggest a computer-assisted radiology system to diagnose brain tumors by MRI scans to diagnose brain tumors. In this study, we implemented a model of image separation using the Basin and PSO algorithm. It captures features using DWT and PCA algorithms. It classifies tumors using high-accuracy rates CNN, Support Vector Machine (SVM and Lacey IBK algorithm.
Response of Chemical Fertilizers on Eucalyptus tereticornis Clones
The Indian Forester, 2002
The field experiment on response to fertilizers on clones of Eucalyptus tereticornis in forest la... more The field experiment on response to fertilizers on clones of Eucalyptus tereticornis in forest land of Tirupati , Andhra Pradesh , India revealed that interaction of N , P and K@60 kg of N/ha , 90 kg of P 2 O 5 /ha and 60 kg of K 2 O/ha were most significant on growth parameters than individual effects of N , P and K.
Performance analysis of non‐orthogonal multiple access in downlink cooperative network
IET Communications, 2015
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), an emerging technology to improve system capacity and spec... more Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), an emerging technology to improve system capacity and spectrum efficiency, has attracted significant attention. In this study, the authors propose a NOMA-based downlink cooperative cellular system, where the base station communicates with two paired mobile users simultaneously through the help of a half-duplex amplify-and-forward relay. The outage performance of the system is investigated and closed-form expressions for their respective exact and asymptotic outage scheme are derived. Furthermore, they study the ergodic sum rate of the two paired users and the upper bound of the ergodic sum rate is obtained. By comparing the NOMA with conventional multiple access (MA) via numerical simulations, they have shown that NOMA can obtain the same diversity order with conventional MA, and achieve nearly the same sum rate with conventional MA. Furthermore, NOMA can offer better spectral efficiency and user fairness since more users are served at the same time, frequency, and spreading code.
Design of square cavity based on novel add drop filter using two-dimensional PCRR
In this paper, we designated and performed the add/drop filter using the photonic crystal ring re... more In this paper, we designated and performed the add/drop filter using the photonic crystal ring resonator(PCRR) in square configuration. The structure comprises of square lattice and silicon rods that are enclosed by air. Radius of silicon rod is 0.1 μm with index of refraction is 3.47. The proposed structure is realized by make use of the Finite Difference Time Domain(FDTD) method. 100% efficiency is arrived at 1491 nm and 1551 nm through with the bus waveguide as well as drop waveguide on an individual basis. Photonic Band gap of the proposed structure has been figured out by plane wave expansion method(PWE). The designated filter having ultra miniature size and also worthwhile for DWDM system.
Design and Analysis of 2 × 4 Array Antenna With Single Slot For UWB Applications
This paper presents designing of the 2×4 array antenna with the ultra-wide band for the S, C, and... more This paper presents designing of the 2×4 array antenna with the ultra-wide band for the S, C, and X Bands respectively. The proposed antenna can be designed by using the eight rectangular patches by placing as a 2×4 array by using a FR4 material as a substrate. It was observed that the designed antenna has ultra-wide band i.e., 10.36 GHZ and improved gain 9.2dB. It was found that the designed antenna one has a return loss of -31.1 dB. The simulation can be done on the HFSS software.
High Performance Add Drop Filter Based on PCRR for ITU-T G.694.2 CWDM System
Advances in intelligent systems and computing, 2016
In this work, we demonstrated add drop filter using photonic circular ring resonator. The propose... more In this work, we demonstrated add drop filter using photonic circular ring resonator. The proposed design incorporated square lattice structure and silicon rods that are enclosed by air. Dropping efficiency and coupling efficiency are explored by utilizing 2D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD). The designed filter gives nearly 100 % of dropping efficiency at 1500 nm and coupling efficiency at 1471 nm with refractive index of 3.47. Photonic band gap of the proposed design has been assessed through plane wave expansion method (PWE).
The researchers have studied the effect of living environment, occupation, and income in parents ... more The researchers have studied the effect of living environment, occupation, and income in parents who gave birth to Down syndrome (DS) children. A significantly (P < 0.05) high frequency of parents of DS found to live in urban area. In case of occupation and income no significant difference was observed. However, when the birth order and the income of the parents was analyzed, significantly high number of first born were found to be affected in low income group. The researchers' present observations suggest that the living environment and economic status plays an important role in the non-disjunction of chromosome 21, as resulting in the birth of DS offsprings.
International Journal of Communication Networks and Information Security (IJCNIS)
The recent progressions in Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud ... more The recent progressions in Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud computing transformed the traditional healthcare system into a smart healthcare system. Medical services can be improved through the incorporation of key technologies namely AI and IoT. The convergence of AI and IoT renders several openings in the healthcare system. In machine learning, deep learning can be considered a renowned topic with a wide range of applications like biomedicine, computer vision, speech recognition, drug discovery, visual object detection, natural language processing, disease prediction, bioinformatics, etc. Among these applications, medical science-related and health care applications were raised dramatically. This study develops a Cloud computing-based network analysis in the smart healthcare systems with neural network (CCNA-SHSNN) architecture. The presented CCNA-SHSNN technique assists in the decision-making process of the healthcare system in a real time clou...
Insomnia is difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep, even when a person has the chance to do ... more Insomnia is difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep, even when a person has the chance to do so. People with insomnia can feel dissatisfied with their sleep and usually experience one or more of the symptoms like fatigue, low energy, difficulty concentrating, mood disturbances, and decreased performance in work. Insomnia may be characterized based on its duration. Acute insomnia is brief and often happens because of life circumstances. Many people might have experienced this type of passing sleep disruption, and it tends to resolve without any treatment. Chronic insomnia is disrupted sleep that occurs at least three nights per week and lasts at least three months. Chronic insomnia disorders can have many causes. Insomnia results due to an imbalance between sleep inducing neurotransmitters. There are few methods and indexes reported to study about the sleep disorders in insomnia patients like Insomnia Severity Index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The treatment includes many drugs like Anti-Depressants, Benzodiazepines and also intake of Melatonin rich milk was also found to be effective.
Space and defence electronics system demands higher reliability for its operation in harsh (Maure... more Space and defence electronics system demands higher reliability for its operation in harsh (Maurer et al. in John Hopkins APL Tech Dig 28, 2008 [1]) and tough application environments. Development of processor (Azambuja et al. in IEEE Trans Nucl Sci 59, 2012 [2]) based electronics systems has advantages over sequencer logics, viz. high operating frequency, handle complex algorithm for autonomous operations, supports multiinput and multioutput systems, low form factor, ultra-low-power consumption and increased reliability. The operation of processor under various environmental conditions and its uninterrupted operations pave way to achieve successful missions. Most of the on-board computers for the space and defence systems are subjected to harsh environments due to cosmic radiations(aerial), high temperature, vibrations, sand and dust. Modular redundancy concepts aid to improve reliability however at the cost of increased form factor and enhanced power requirements. Researchers across the globe evolved with various methods and techniques to increase the ruggedness of the electronics systems. Traditional design hardening techniques viz. modular redundancies, parity algorithms, cyclic redundancy checks, single error correction and double error detection are in use to develop the fault-tolerant on-board computers. Since most of the fault-tolerant processors developed using in-house design, process hardening techniques for specific purpose, the availability of the same for the strategic programs and critical applications is limited
Induction of male Sterility by Gibberellic Acid in Sunflower
Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 1975
Data from field experiments indicated that application of GA at a concentration of 90–100 ppm on ... more Data from field experiments indicated that application of GA at a concentration of 90–100 ppm on the 3rd day after flower bud initiation induced a high degree of male sterility without affecting female fertility in sunflower. The time of application appears to be critical for the extent of sterility. For practical purposes, sterility in sunflower can be induced by spraying plants with 100 ppm GA at the rate of 0.5–0.75 ml per plant on the 30th and 40th day after sowing. This technique can be followed with good results in the production of small quantities of hybrid seed and also in top crosses where the combining ability is to be tested in a large number of inbreds.
The increasing number of traffic accidents due to a driver's diminished vigilance level has b... more The increasing number of traffic accidents due to a driver's diminished vigilance level has become a serious problem for society. Some of these accidents are the result of the driver's medical condition. However, a majority of these accidents are related to driver fatigue, drowsiness of drivers. Car accidents associated with driver fatigue are more likely to be serious, leading to serious injuries and deaths. In this paper, an algorithm for drivers' drowsiness detection based on eye states tracking is presented. I use a database which contains 150 images captured from different people in various conditions for better results. These images are captured using a camera located in a car in front of the driver. These images are used for tracking as input of the proposed method. In first step I use color space for drivers' face detection and crop the face from background. In the next step, I estimate the area of the eyes and crop image from this region. Then top and bottom...
Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research, 2020
The brain is an integral part of the human body responsible for regulating and controlling all vi... more The brain is an integral part of the human body responsible for regulating and controlling all vital life activities related to the body. A tumor is a mass of tissue formed from the collection of abnormal cells. A brain tumor is a tumor that forms or migrates into the brain. To date, no primary cause for brain tumors has been identified. Although brain tumors are not very common, brain tumors make up only 1.8% of the reported tumors worldwide. The mortality rate of malignant brain tumors is very high because it is an essential part of the body for tumor formation. Therefore, it is essential to accurately diagnose brain tumors at an early stage to reduce mortality. Therefore, we suggest a computer-assisted radiology system to diagnose brain tumors by MRI scans to diagnose brain tumors. In this study, we implemented a model of image separation using the Basin and PSO algorithm. It captures features using DWT and PCA algorithms. It classifies tumors using high-accuracy rates CNN, Support Vector Machine (SVM and Lacey IBK algorithm.
Response of Chemical Fertilizers on Eucalyptus tereticornis Clones
The Indian Forester, 2002
The field experiment on response to fertilizers on clones of Eucalyptus tereticornis in forest la... more The field experiment on response to fertilizers on clones of Eucalyptus tereticornis in forest land of Tirupati , Andhra Pradesh , India revealed that interaction of N , P and K@60 kg of N/ha , 90 kg of P 2 O 5 /ha and 60 kg of K 2 O/ha were most significant on growth parameters than individual effects of N , P and K.
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