Game theory is a well established branch of mathematics whose formalism has a vast range of appli... more Game theory is a well established branch of mathematics whose formalism has a vast range of applications from the social sciences, biology, to economics. Motivated by quantum information science, there has been a leap in the formulation of novel game strategies that lead to new (quantum Nash) equilibrium points whereby players in some classical games are always outperformed if sharing and processing joint information ruled by the laws of quantum physics is allowed. We show that, for a bipartite non zero-sum game, input local quantum correlations, and separable states in particular, suffice to achieve an advantage over any strategy that uses classical resources, thus dispensing with quantum nonlocality, entanglement, or even discord between the players' input states. This highlights the remarkable key role played by pure quantum coherence at powering some protocols. Finally, we propose an experiment that uses separable states and basic photon interferometry to demonstrate the loc...
Abstract. We perform a theoretical study of composite superconducting qubit systems for the case ... more Abstract. We perform a theoretical study of composite superconducting qubit systems for the case of a coupled qubit configuration based on a hybrid qubit circuit made of both charge and phase qubits, which are coupled via a σx ⊗ σz interaction. We compute the system’s eigen-energies in terms of the qubit transition frequencies and the strength of the inter-qubit coupling, and describe the sensitivity of the energy crossing/anti-crossing features to such coupling. We compute the hybrid system’s dissipative dynamics for the cases of i) collective and ii) independent decoherence, whereby the system interacts with one common and two different baths of harmonic oscillators, respectively. The calculations have been performed within the Bloch-Redfield formalism and we report the solutions for the populations and the coherences of the system’s reduced density matrix. The dephasing and relaxation rates are explicitly calculated as a function of the heat bath temperature.
Abstract. We study the entanglement dynamics in the externally-driven single-mode Dicke model in ... more Abstract. We study the entanglement dynamics in the externally-driven single-mode Dicke model in the thermodynamic limit, when the field is in resonance with the atoms. We compute the correlations in the atoms-field ground state by means of the density operator that represents the pure state of the universe and the reduced density operator for the atoms, which results from taking the partial trace over the field coordinates. As a measure of bipartite entanglement, we calculate the linear entropy, from which we analyze the entanglement dynamics. In particular, we found a strong relation between the stability of the dynamical parameters and the reported entanglement. 1.
1 A major question for condensed matter physics is whether a solid-state quantum computer can eve... more 1 A major question for condensed matter physics is whether a solid-state quantum computer can ever be built. Here we discuss two different schemes for quantum information processing using semiconductor nanostructures. First, we show how optically driven coupled quantum dots can be used to prepare maximally entangled Bell and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states by varying the strength and duration of selective light pulses. The setup allows us to perform an all-optical generation of the quantum teleportation of an excitonic state in an array of coupled quantum dots. Second, we give a proposal for reliable implementation of quantum logic gates and long decoherence times in a quantum dots system based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), where the nuclear resonance is controlled by the ground state transitions of few-electron QDs in an external magnetic field. The dynamical evolution of these systems in the presence of
We study a qubit system externally driven by a time periodic external field, with a single electr... more We study a qubit system externally driven by a time periodic external field, with a single electron transistor in the nonlinear regime as the detector of the qubit’s state. The qubit’s dissipative dynamics mainly takes place due to the linear coupling with the detector; the latter is, in turn, coupled to an Ohmic enviroment. In the Born-Markov regime, we calculate the qubit’s populations difference in presence of the detector: we find antiresonant peaks due to multiphoton transitionss between Floquet states.
John H. Reina,1, 2, 3, ∗ Cristian E. Susa,1 and Felipe F. Fanchini4 Departamento de Fisica, Unive... more John H. Reina,1, 2, 3, ∗ Cristian E. Susa,1 and Felipe F. Fanchini4 Departamento de Fisica, Universidad del Valle, A.A. 25360, Cali, Colombia Departamento de Optica, Facultad de Fisica, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain Centre for Bioinformatics and Photonics—CIBioFI, Calle 13 No. 100-00, Edificio 320, No. 4076, Cali, Colombia Departamento de Fisica, Faculdade de Ciencias, UNESP, Bauru, SP, CEP 17033-360, Brazil (Dated: June 11, 2014)
A question of global concern regarding the sustainable future of humankind stems from the effect ... more A question of global concern regarding the sustainable future of humankind stems from the effect due to aerosols on the global climate. The quantification of atmospheric aerosols and their relationship to climatic impacts are key to understanding the dynamics of climate forcing and to improve our knowledge about climate change. Due to its response to precipitation, temperature, topography and human activity, one of the most dynamical atmospheric regions is the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL): ABL aerosols have a sizable impact on the evolution of the radiative forcing of climate change, human health, food security, and, ultimately, on the local and global economy. The identification of ABL pattern behaviour requires constant monitoring and the application of instrumental and computational methods for its detection and analysis. Here, we show a new method for the retrieval of ABL top arising from light detection and ranging (LiDAR) signals, by training a convolutional neural network...
Resumen Se estudia la din´amica del intrincamiento en el modelo de Dicke unimodal controlado exte... more Resumen Se estudia la din´amica del intrincamiento en el modelo de Dicke unimodal controlado externamente, en ell´imite termodin´amico, cuando el campo est´a en resonancia con los ´atomos. Se estudian las correlacionesen el estado fundamental del sistema ´atomos-campo. Para este fin, se calcula el operador densidad querepresenta el estado puro del universo y el operador densidad reducido para los ´atomos tomando la trazaparcial sobre las coordenadas del campo. Como una medida del intrincamiento bipartito se calcula la en-trop´ia lineal, a partir de la cual se estudia la din´amica del intrincamiento. En particular, se encuentra unafuerte relaci´on entre la estabilidad de los par´ametros din´amicos y la din´amica del intrincamiento. PalabrasClave : Modelo de Dicke, din´amica cua´ntica, m´etodocan´onicode Lewis-Riesenfeld, intrincamien-to cua´ntico Abstract We study the entanglement dynamics in the externally-driven single-mode Dicke model in the thermody-namic limit, when the field is i...
The dynamical evolution of a quantum register of arbitrary length coupled to an environment of ar... more The dynamical evolution of a quantum register of arbitrary length coupled to an environment of arbitrary coherence length is predicted within a relevant model of decoherence. The results are reported for quantum bits (qubits) coupling individually to different environments (‘independent decoherence’) and qubits interacting collectively with the same reservoir (‘collective decoherence’). In both cases, explicit decoherence functions are derived for any number of qubits. The decay of the coherences of the register is shown to strongly depend on the input states: we show that this sensitivity is a characteristic of both types of coupling (collective and independent) and not only of the collective coupling, as has been reported previously. A non-trivial behaviour (“recoherence”) is found in the decay of the off-diagonal elements of the reduced density matrix in the specific situation of independent decoherence. Our results lead to the identification of decoherence-free states in the col...
Emergent technologies that make use of novel materials and quantum properties of light states are... more Emergent technologies that make use of novel materials and quantum properties of light states are at the forefront in the race for the physical implementation, encoding and transmission of information. Photonic crystals (PCs) enter this paradigm with optical materials that allow the control of light propagation and can be used for optical communication 1 , and photonics and electronics integration 2,3 making use of materials ranging from semiconductors 4 , to metals 5 , metamaterials 6 , and topological insulators 7 , to mention but a few. In particular, here we show how designer superconductor materials integrated into PCs fabrication allow for an extraordinary reduction of electromagnetic waves damping and possibilitate their optimal propagation and tuning through the structure, below critical superconductor temperature. We experimentally demonstrate, for the first time, a successful integration of ferroelectric and superconductor materials into a one-dimensional (1D) PC composed of (BTO/YBCO)N/STO bilayers that work in the whole visible spectrum, and below (and above) critical superconductor temperature (measured in the 10-300 K range). Theoretical calculations support, for different number of bilayers N , the effectiveness of the produced 1D PCs and pave the way for novel optoelectronics integration and information processing in the visible spectrum at low temperature, while preserving their electric and optical properties.
State-of-the-art technology for pulse counter electronics offers an important range of commercial... more State-of-the-art technology for pulse counter electronics offers an important range of commercial devices, but such systems are usually expensive due to the complex logic used for this task. The use of counting electronics in conjunction with photon counters can be used, for example, to perform experimental tests in Quantum Optics and Quantum Information Science. Here, we present the development and implementation of a low cost module for multiphoton coincidence statistics with detection windows of a few nanoseconds. The module consists of an array of logic gates, with a frequency operation of 250 MHz that corrects and amplifies the detectors signal. The device characterisation was done by means of detection of Transistor-Transistor Logic (TTL) signals retrieved from a signal generator, and implemented in an optical setup. The detected output signals (TTL pulses) were analysed and stored in a computer by means of a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Our module incorporates fundam...
Reportamos una solucion exacta al modelo de Dicke unimodal en el limite termodinamico en el regim... more Reportamos una solucion exacta al modelo de Dicke unimodal en el limite termodinamico en el regimen de no equilibrio generado por un acoplamiento dependiente del tiempo entre los atomos y el campo, bajo condicion resonante. Utilizando el metodo canonico de Lewis-Riesenfeld obtenemos una solucion exacta a la ecuacion de Schrodinger dependiente del tiempo en terminos de las funciones de Hermite y de los parametros dinamicos que determinan las regiones de estabilidad.
Emergent technologies that make use of novel materials and quantum properties of light states are... more Emergent technologies that make use of novel materials and quantum properties of light states are at the forefront in the race for the physical implementation, encoding and transmission of information. Photonic crystals (PCs) enter this paradigm with optical materials that allow the control of light propagation and can be used for optical communication, and photonics and electronics integration, making use of materials ranging from semiconductors, to metals, metamaterials, and topological insulators, to mention but a few. Here, we show how designer superconductor materials integrated into PCs fabrication allow for an extraordinary reduction of electromagnetic waves damping, making possible their optimal propagation and tuning through the structure, below critical superconductor temperature. We experimentally demonstrate, for the first time, a successful integration of ferroelectric and superconductor materials into a one-dimensional (1D) PC composed of $$({\text {B}}{\text {T}}{\tex...
This paper presents the successful stimulation workflow case for a carbonate acidizing pilot proj... more This paper presents the successful stimulation workflow case for a carbonate acidizing pilot project performed in Gigante field in the Matambo block of the Upper Magdalena Valley basin in Colombia. An adecuate diagnostic, laboratory testing, treatment fluid selection, on-site QAQC and placement technique selection was fundamental to obtain a successful design and an optimized application. Gigante field production is mainly coming from Tetuan and Caballos units producing 32-degree API crude oil during several years. Specifically, in Gigante-2 ST well, oil production has declined until its commercial limit. During a candidate wells review, it was identified a previous acid stimulation treatment performed in Tobo-Monserrate formation in Gigante-1 with very poor results in oil production –short production time in natural flow– giving to this zone a low potential as oil producer and it was not considered as a primary target zone. The well was completed in its main target at Tetuan format...
Photo-induced electron transfer in multi-chromophore molecular systems is defined by a critical i... more Photo-induced electron transfer in multi-chromophore molecular systems is defined by a critical interplay between their core units configuration (donor, molecular bridge and acceptor) and their system-solvent coupling; these lead to energy and charge transport processes that are key in the design of molecular antennas for efficient light harvesting and organic photovoltaics. Here, we quantify the ultrafast non-Markovian dissipative dynamics of electron transfer in D-π-A molecular photo-systems comprising BODIPY, Zn-porphyrin, Fulleropyrrolidine, and Fulleroisoxazoline. We find that the stabilization energy of the charge transfer states exhibit a significant variation for different polar (Methanol, THF) and nonpolar (Toluene) environments, and determine such sensitivity according to the molecular structure and the electron-vibration couplings that arise at room temperature. For the considered donor-acceptor (D-A) dyads we show that the stronger the molecule-solvent coupling the larger the electron transfer rates, regardless the dyads electronic coherence properties. We found such coupling strengths to be largest (lowest) for Methanol (Toluene), with an electron transfer rate difference of two orders of magnitude between the polar and nonpolar solvents. For the considered donor-bridge-acceptor (D-B-A) triads, the molecular bridge introduces an intermediate state that allows the realization of Λ or cascaded-type energy mechanisms. We show that the latter configuration, obtained for BDP-ZnP-[PyrC60] in Methanol, exhibits the highest transfer rate of all the computed triads. Remarkably, and in contrast with the dyads, we show that the larger charge transfer rates are obtained for triads that exhibit prolonged electron coherence and populations oscillations.
SPE Latin American and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference
Chichimene is the third most important field of Colombia, with an original oil in place of USD 3.... more Chichimene is the third most important field of Colombia, with an original oil in place of USD 3.1 million barrels, producing an extra heavy oil of around 8 API, characterized by high viscosity and reduced mobility. The estimated recovery factor was around 3%, and the reservoir pressure was declining drastically; because of this, it was necessary to urgently implement an enhanced oil recovery project, since without immediate intervention, the reservoir and field production would be seriously affected. A thorough screening process was performed among diverse EOR options, and waterflooding was selected as the best alternative for maintaining reservoir pressure and increasing the recovery factor. The main challenge was to have a rapid implementation for the entire reservoir, considering that this region has reported community issues derived mainly from water management disagreements and inconformity with stringent labor requirements. Additionally, lengthy environmental permits and high deployment expenditures were factors that affected field development plans. The research of an effective technology for the field-specific conditions and a low deployment cost indicated dumpflood as the best alternative, since it enabled injection from a deeper water formation to an upper production target zone through a smart BHA, substantially reducing injection facilities investment and operational costs. Time savings were identified, eliminating additional requirements for environmental permits. The main concern was that this technology has never been implemented for extra heavy oils. Simulations in a steady state simulator validated the feasibility of the dumpflood technique in the field. Models of the production and injection zones evidenced the pressure needs and the necessary BHA adjustments to meet the target rates and to define the completion model with the specific equipment to perform the operation. Implementation started in the South West area of the field and was deployed with three waterflooding patterns in a record time of three months. After nine months of operation, the reservoir pressure augmented in the surrounding wells, and the failure indicator of the electrical submersible pumps was reduced by a factor of 20%. As a major milestone, the average field production climbed by approximately 10,000 bbl/d. Considering the successful results, the project was extended to 20 waterflooding patterns in other areas of the field, the waterflooding project was approved and sanctioned one year after the pilot startup and therefore over 20,000 barrels of oil equivalent were incorporated to the proved reserve balance.
Microsurgery training is a compulsory requirement in most surgical residency programs around the ... more Microsurgery training is a compulsory requirement in most surgical residency programs around the world. The aim of this paper is based on the importance of microsurgery techniques as a fundamental tool in the development of complex procedures in diverse medical and surgical specialties. Moreover, microsurgery training requires, besides surgical skills, the development of dexterities regarding the use of magnification devices such as surgical loupes and microscope. These devices are expensive and frequently inaccessible tools. Additionally, lack of time, infrastructure, restricted access, and adequate equipment by the surgeons are important problems that must be addressed [2,3]. Nowadays, mobile devices like smartphones, laptops, and tablets have impacted industries such as engineering, metrology, telecommunications, agriculture, and health sciences, becoming an important tool for monitoring, learning, and clinical diagnosis, among others in the medical field [4,5]. The link between mobile devices' gadgets and high definition cameras with zoom enhances, illumination, and video recording has allowed their uses as magnification tools for microsurgery training [6-9]. Additionally, portable electronic devices (PEDs) have been used in the surgical field for scanning and mapping applications for flaps through near-infrared spectroscopy for the evaluation of the rate of intraoperative permeability. This has been helpful to the clinical practice of surgeons using these devices. We performed an exhaustive scientific literature review
The study of vegetable tissue is essential in plant growth analysis. The elasticity is an importa... more The study of vegetable tissue is essential in plant growth analysis. The elasticity is an important characteristic when firmness is studied in fruits or when turgidity is tested in plant leaves. This property gives information about the ripeness of fruits, the water content in leaves, and, in general, the morphological and physiological state of plants. Hence, the propagation of elastic waves in these media is a useful tool that gives information about the developmental stage of the plant. In this sense, laser ultrasonics is a promising method in the characterization of composite materials. In a certain way, vegetable tissues can be thought of as a kind of biological composite abstracted as a stratified plate of several layers. In this work, as a first approximation, we propose a methodology to generate guided waves in vegetable tissues by using laser ultrasonics techniques. We implement a pulsed laser system to induce ultrasonic waves without damage on the samples. Besides, we develop a methodology for p...
Game theory is a well established branch of mathematics whose formalism has a vast range of appli... more Game theory is a well established branch of mathematics whose formalism has a vast range of applications from the social sciences, biology, to economics. Motivated by quantum information science, there has been a leap in the formulation of novel game strategies that lead to new (quantum Nash) equilibrium points whereby players in some classical games are always outperformed if sharing and processing joint information ruled by the laws of quantum physics is allowed. We show that, for a bipartite non zero-sum game, input local quantum correlations, and separable states in particular, suffice to achieve an advantage over any strategy that uses classical resources, thus dispensing with quantum nonlocality, entanglement, or even discord between the players' input states. This highlights the remarkable key role played by pure quantum coherence at powering some protocols. Finally, we propose an experiment that uses separable states and basic photon interferometry to demonstrate the loc...
Abstract. We perform a theoretical study of composite superconducting qubit systems for the case ... more Abstract. We perform a theoretical study of composite superconducting qubit systems for the case of a coupled qubit configuration based on a hybrid qubit circuit made of both charge and phase qubits, which are coupled via a σx ⊗ σz interaction. We compute the system’s eigen-energies in terms of the qubit transition frequencies and the strength of the inter-qubit coupling, and describe the sensitivity of the energy crossing/anti-crossing features to such coupling. We compute the hybrid system’s dissipative dynamics for the cases of i) collective and ii) independent decoherence, whereby the system interacts with one common and two different baths of harmonic oscillators, respectively. The calculations have been performed within the Bloch-Redfield formalism and we report the solutions for the populations and the coherences of the system’s reduced density matrix. The dephasing and relaxation rates are explicitly calculated as a function of the heat bath temperature.
Abstract. We study the entanglement dynamics in the externally-driven single-mode Dicke model in ... more Abstract. We study the entanglement dynamics in the externally-driven single-mode Dicke model in the thermodynamic limit, when the field is in resonance with the atoms. We compute the correlations in the atoms-field ground state by means of the density operator that represents the pure state of the universe and the reduced density operator for the atoms, which results from taking the partial trace over the field coordinates. As a measure of bipartite entanglement, we calculate the linear entropy, from which we analyze the entanglement dynamics. In particular, we found a strong relation between the stability of the dynamical parameters and the reported entanglement. 1.
1 A major question for condensed matter physics is whether a solid-state quantum computer can eve... more 1 A major question for condensed matter physics is whether a solid-state quantum computer can ever be built. Here we discuss two different schemes for quantum information processing using semiconductor nanostructures. First, we show how optically driven coupled quantum dots can be used to prepare maximally entangled Bell and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states by varying the strength and duration of selective light pulses. The setup allows us to perform an all-optical generation of the quantum teleportation of an excitonic state in an array of coupled quantum dots. Second, we give a proposal for reliable implementation of quantum logic gates and long decoherence times in a quantum dots system based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), where the nuclear resonance is controlled by the ground state transitions of few-electron QDs in an external magnetic field. The dynamical evolution of these systems in the presence of
We study a qubit system externally driven by a time periodic external field, with a single electr... more We study a qubit system externally driven by a time periodic external field, with a single electron transistor in the nonlinear regime as the detector of the qubit’s state. The qubit’s dissipative dynamics mainly takes place due to the linear coupling with the detector; the latter is, in turn, coupled to an Ohmic enviroment. In the Born-Markov regime, we calculate the qubit’s populations difference in presence of the detector: we find antiresonant peaks due to multiphoton transitionss between Floquet states.
John H. Reina,1, 2, 3, ∗ Cristian E. Susa,1 and Felipe F. Fanchini4 Departamento de Fisica, Unive... more John H. Reina,1, 2, 3, ∗ Cristian E. Susa,1 and Felipe F. Fanchini4 Departamento de Fisica, Universidad del Valle, A.A. 25360, Cali, Colombia Departamento de Optica, Facultad de Fisica, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain Centre for Bioinformatics and Photonics—CIBioFI, Calle 13 No. 100-00, Edificio 320, No. 4076, Cali, Colombia Departamento de Fisica, Faculdade de Ciencias, UNESP, Bauru, SP, CEP 17033-360, Brazil (Dated: June 11, 2014)
A question of global concern regarding the sustainable future of humankind stems from the effect ... more A question of global concern regarding the sustainable future of humankind stems from the effect due to aerosols on the global climate. The quantification of atmospheric aerosols and their relationship to climatic impacts are key to understanding the dynamics of climate forcing and to improve our knowledge about climate change. Due to its response to precipitation, temperature, topography and human activity, one of the most dynamical atmospheric regions is the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL): ABL aerosols have a sizable impact on the evolution of the radiative forcing of climate change, human health, food security, and, ultimately, on the local and global economy. The identification of ABL pattern behaviour requires constant monitoring and the application of instrumental and computational methods for its detection and analysis. Here, we show a new method for the retrieval of ABL top arising from light detection and ranging (LiDAR) signals, by training a convolutional neural network...
Resumen Se estudia la din´amica del intrincamiento en el modelo de Dicke unimodal controlado exte... more Resumen Se estudia la din´amica del intrincamiento en el modelo de Dicke unimodal controlado externamente, en ell´imite termodin´amico, cuando el campo est´a en resonancia con los ´atomos. Se estudian las correlacionesen el estado fundamental del sistema ´atomos-campo. Para este fin, se calcula el operador densidad querepresenta el estado puro del universo y el operador densidad reducido para los ´atomos tomando la trazaparcial sobre las coordenadas del campo. Como una medida del intrincamiento bipartito se calcula la en-trop´ia lineal, a partir de la cual se estudia la din´amica del intrincamiento. En particular, se encuentra unafuerte relaci´on entre la estabilidad de los par´ametros din´amicos y la din´amica del intrincamiento. PalabrasClave : Modelo de Dicke, din´amica cua´ntica, m´etodocan´onicode Lewis-Riesenfeld, intrincamien-to cua´ntico Abstract We study the entanglement dynamics in the externally-driven single-mode Dicke model in the thermody-namic limit, when the field is i...
The dynamical evolution of a quantum register of arbitrary length coupled to an environment of ar... more The dynamical evolution of a quantum register of arbitrary length coupled to an environment of arbitrary coherence length is predicted within a relevant model of decoherence. The results are reported for quantum bits (qubits) coupling individually to different environments (‘independent decoherence’) and qubits interacting collectively with the same reservoir (‘collective decoherence’). In both cases, explicit decoherence functions are derived for any number of qubits. The decay of the coherences of the register is shown to strongly depend on the input states: we show that this sensitivity is a characteristic of both types of coupling (collective and independent) and not only of the collective coupling, as has been reported previously. A non-trivial behaviour (“recoherence”) is found in the decay of the off-diagonal elements of the reduced density matrix in the specific situation of independent decoherence. Our results lead to the identification of decoherence-free states in the col...
Emergent technologies that make use of novel materials and quantum properties of light states are... more Emergent technologies that make use of novel materials and quantum properties of light states are at the forefront in the race for the physical implementation, encoding and transmission of information. Photonic crystals (PCs) enter this paradigm with optical materials that allow the control of light propagation and can be used for optical communication 1 , and photonics and electronics integration 2,3 making use of materials ranging from semiconductors 4 , to metals 5 , metamaterials 6 , and topological insulators 7 , to mention but a few. In particular, here we show how designer superconductor materials integrated into PCs fabrication allow for an extraordinary reduction of electromagnetic waves damping and possibilitate their optimal propagation and tuning through the structure, below critical superconductor temperature. We experimentally demonstrate, for the first time, a successful integration of ferroelectric and superconductor materials into a one-dimensional (1D) PC composed of (BTO/YBCO)N/STO bilayers that work in the whole visible spectrum, and below (and above) critical superconductor temperature (measured in the 10-300 K range). Theoretical calculations support, for different number of bilayers N , the effectiveness of the produced 1D PCs and pave the way for novel optoelectronics integration and information processing in the visible spectrum at low temperature, while preserving their electric and optical properties.
State-of-the-art technology for pulse counter electronics offers an important range of commercial... more State-of-the-art technology for pulse counter electronics offers an important range of commercial devices, but such systems are usually expensive due to the complex logic used for this task. The use of counting electronics in conjunction with photon counters can be used, for example, to perform experimental tests in Quantum Optics and Quantum Information Science. Here, we present the development and implementation of a low cost module for multiphoton coincidence statistics with detection windows of a few nanoseconds. The module consists of an array of logic gates, with a frequency operation of 250 MHz that corrects and amplifies the detectors signal. The device characterisation was done by means of detection of Transistor-Transistor Logic (TTL) signals retrieved from a signal generator, and implemented in an optical setup. The detected output signals (TTL pulses) were analysed and stored in a computer by means of a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Our module incorporates fundam...
Reportamos una solucion exacta al modelo de Dicke unimodal en el limite termodinamico en el regim... more Reportamos una solucion exacta al modelo de Dicke unimodal en el limite termodinamico en el regimen de no equilibrio generado por un acoplamiento dependiente del tiempo entre los atomos y el campo, bajo condicion resonante. Utilizando el metodo canonico de Lewis-Riesenfeld obtenemos una solucion exacta a la ecuacion de Schrodinger dependiente del tiempo en terminos de las funciones de Hermite y de los parametros dinamicos que determinan las regiones de estabilidad.
Emergent technologies that make use of novel materials and quantum properties of light states are... more Emergent technologies that make use of novel materials and quantum properties of light states are at the forefront in the race for the physical implementation, encoding and transmission of information. Photonic crystals (PCs) enter this paradigm with optical materials that allow the control of light propagation and can be used for optical communication, and photonics and electronics integration, making use of materials ranging from semiconductors, to metals, metamaterials, and topological insulators, to mention but a few. Here, we show how designer superconductor materials integrated into PCs fabrication allow for an extraordinary reduction of electromagnetic waves damping, making possible their optimal propagation and tuning through the structure, below critical superconductor temperature. We experimentally demonstrate, for the first time, a successful integration of ferroelectric and superconductor materials into a one-dimensional (1D) PC composed of $$({\text {B}}{\text {T}}{\tex...
This paper presents the successful stimulation workflow case for a carbonate acidizing pilot proj... more This paper presents the successful stimulation workflow case for a carbonate acidizing pilot project performed in Gigante field in the Matambo block of the Upper Magdalena Valley basin in Colombia. An adecuate diagnostic, laboratory testing, treatment fluid selection, on-site QAQC and placement technique selection was fundamental to obtain a successful design and an optimized application. Gigante field production is mainly coming from Tetuan and Caballos units producing 32-degree API crude oil during several years. Specifically, in Gigante-2 ST well, oil production has declined until its commercial limit. During a candidate wells review, it was identified a previous acid stimulation treatment performed in Tobo-Monserrate formation in Gigante-1 with very poor results in oil production –short production time in natural flow– giving to this zone a low potential as oil producer and it was not considered as a primary target zone. The well was completed in its main target at Tetuan format...
Photo-induced electron transfer in multi-chromophore molecular systems is defined by a critical i... more Photo-induced electron transfer in multi-chromophore molecular systems is defined by a critical interplay between their core units configuration (donor, molecular bridge and acceptor) and their system-solvent coupling; these lead to energy and charge transport processes that are key in the design of molecular antennas for efficient light harvesting and organic photovoltaics. Here, we quantify the ultrafast non-Markovian dissipative dynamics of electron transfer in D-π-A molecular photo-systems comprising BODIPY, Zn-porphyrin, Fulleropyrrolidine, and Fulleroisoxazoline. We find that the stabilization energy of the charge transfer states exhibit a significant variation for different polar (Methanol, THF) and nonpolar (Toluene) environments, and determine such sensitivity according to the molecular structure and the electron-vibration couplings that arise at room temperature. For the considered donor-acceptor (D-A) dyads we show that the stronger the molecule-solvent coupling the larger the electron transfer rates, regardless the dyads electronic coherence properties. We found such coupling strengths to be largest (lowest) for Methanol (Toluene), with an electron transfer rate difference of two orders of magnitude between the polar and nonpolar solvents. For the considered donor-bridge-acceptor (D-B-A) triads, the molecular bridge introduces an intermediate state that allows the realization of Λ or cascaded-type energy mechanisms. We show that the latter configuration, obtained for BDP-ZnP-[PyrC60] in Methanol, exhibits the highest transfer rate of all the computed triads. Remarkably, and in contrast with the dyads, we show that the larger charge transfer rates are obtained for triads that exhibit prolonged electron coherence and populations oscillations.
SPE Latin American and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference
Chichimene is the third most important field of Colombia, with an original oil in place of USD 3.... more Chichimene is the third most important field of Colombia, with an original oil in place of USD 3.1 million barrels, producing an extra heavy oil of around 8 API, characterized by high viscosity and reduced mobility. The estimated recovery factor was around 3%, and the reservoir pressure was declining drastically; because of this, it was necessary to urgently implement an enhanced oil recovery project, since without immediate intervention, the reservoir and field production would be seriously affected. A thorough screening process was performed among diverse EOR options, and waterflooding was selected as the best alternative for maintaining reservoir pressure and increasing the recovery factor. The main challenge was to have a rapid implementation for the entire reservoir, considering that this region has reported community issues derived mainly from water management disagreements and inconformity with stringent labor requirements. Additionally, lengthy environmental permits and high deployment expenditures were factors that affected field development plans. The research of an effective technology for the field-specific conditions and a low deployment cost indicated dumpflood as the best alternative, since it enabled injection from a deeper water formation to an upper production target zone through a smart BHA, substantially reducing injection facilities investment and operational costs. Time savings were identified, eliminating additional requirements for environmental permits. The main concern was that this technology has never been implemented for extra heavy oils. Simulations in a steady state simulator validated the feasibility of the dumpflood technique in the field. Models of the production and injection zones evidenced the pressure needs and the necessary BHA adjustments to meet the target rates and to define the completion model with the specific equipment to perform the operation. Implementation started in the South West area of the field and was deployed with three waterflooding patterns in a record time of three months. After nine months of operation, the reservoir pressure augmented in the surrounding wells, and the failure indicator of the electrical submersible pumps was reduced by a factor of 20%. As a major milestone, the average field production climbed by approximately 10,000 bbl/d. Considering the successful results, the project was extended to 20 waterflooding patterns in other areas of the field, the waterflooding project was approved and sanctioned one year after the pilot startup and therefore over 20,000 barrels of oil equivalent were incorporated to the proved reserve balance.
Microsurgery training is a compulsory requirement in most surgical residency programs around the ... more Microsurgery training is a compulsory requirement in most surgical residency programs around the world. The aim of this paper is based on the importance of microsurgery techniques as a fundamental tool in the development of complex procedures in diverse medical and surgical specialties. Moreover, microsurgery training requires, besides surgical skills, the development of dexterities regarding the use of magnification devices such as surgical loupes and microscope. These devices are expensive and frequently inaccessible tools. Additionally, lack of time, infrastructure, restricted access, and adequate equipment by the surgeons are important problems that must be addressed [2,3]. Nowadays, mobile devices like smartphones, laptops, and tablets have impacted industries such as engineering, metrology, telecommunications, agriculture, and health sciences, becoming an important tool for monitoring, learning, and clinical diagnosis, among others in the medical field [4,5]. The link between mobile devices' gadgets and high definition cameras with zoom enhances, illumination, and video recording has allowed their uses as magnification tools for microsurgery training [6-9]. Additionally, portable electronic devices (PEDs) have been used in the surgical field for scanning and mapping applications for flaps through near-infrared spectroscopy for the evaluation of the rate of intraoperative permeability. This has been helpful to the clinical practice of surgeons using these devices. We performed an exhaustive scientific literature review
The study of vegetable tissue is essential in plant growth analysis. The elasticity is an importa... more The study of vegetable tissue is essential in plant growth analysis. The elasticity is an important characteristic when firmness is studied in fruits or when turgidity is tested in plant leaves. This property gives information about the ripeness of fruits, the water content in leaves, and, in general, the morphological and physiological state of plants. Hence, the propagation of elastic waves in these media is a useful tool that gives information about the developmental stage of the plant. In this sense, laser ultrasonics is a promising method in the characterization of composite materials. In a certain way, vegetable tissues can be thought of as a kind of biological composite abstracted as a stratified plate of several layers. In this work, as a first approximation, we propose a methodology to generate guided waves in vegetable tissues by using laser ultrasonics techniques. We implement a pulsed laser system to induce ultrasonic waves without damage on the samples. Besides, we develop a methodology for p...
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Papers by john reina