The purpose of this study is to assess the practice of public policy making (agenda setting-polic... more The purpose of this study is to assess the practice of public policy making (agenda setting-policy adoption) in Gambela National Regional State, Ethiopia. To this end, the study utilized a mixed research approach and descriptive research design. The study found that the legal foundations of public policymaking of GPNRS include the constitution of FDRE (1995), the revised constitution of GPNRS (2002). Moreover, the administrative council of GPNRS and the ruling political party of GPNRS are the constitutionally mandated public policy actors and structures in GPNRS are the council of GPNRS. Though the constitutional guarantee for autonomous regional public policy making, in practice few central policy elites of EPRDF have played an exclusive role in defining and identifying policy problems and setting policy agenda. Whereas the legislature and the executive organs of GPNRS, under the strict control of the regional state’s ruling party remained to be platforms of policy formulation and ...
The purpose of this study is to assess the practice of public policy making (agenda setting-polic... more The purpose of this study is to assess the practice of public policy making (agenda setting-policy adoption) in Gambela National Regional State, Ethiopia. To this end, the study utilized a mixed research approach and descriptive research design. The study found that the legal foundations of public policymaking of GPNRS include the constitution of FDRE (1995), the revised constitution of GPNRS (2002). Moreover, the administrative council of GPNRS and the ruling political party of GPNRS are the constitutionally mandated public policy actors and structures in GPNRS are the council of GPNRS. Though the constitutional guarantee for autonomous regional public policy making, in practice few central policy elites of EPRDF have played an exclusive role in defining and identifying policy problems and setting policy agenda. Whereas the legislature and the executive organs of GPNRS, under the strict control of the regional state’s ruling party remained to be platforms of policy formulation and adoption. Thereby study found that the practice of regional policy making failed to realize the exercise of the constitutional right of regional public policy making; and hence the constitutional promise of self-rule in GPNRS. The study has also found that: the political ideology of revolutionary democracy and decision-making system of ‘democratic centralism’ and ‘party discipline’; the intermingling of the ruling party institutions and government institutions; Lower public participation; in-competency of policy makers and lack policy analysis unit; a fusion of power between the executive and legislative organ; and the asymmetric nature of Ethiopian federalism has also posed challenge in undermining the exercise of the constitutional promise of regional policy making; and hence self-rule in GPNRS. Hence it is recommended that deepening democratization, promoting decentralization of decision-making system, avoiding the intermingling of political party and government, establishing policy analysis units and building the policy making capacity of regional policy makers to realize the constitutional promise of regional public policy making in GPNRS.
This study attempted to explain the short-run and long-run effect of financial inclusion on pover... more This study attempted to explain the short-run and long-run effect of financial inclusion on poverty reduction in Ethiopia over the period 2004-2018, on a quarterly basis. This study applied the ARDL approach with an optimal ARDL model (4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4) to formulate and estimate the effect of financial inclusion on poverty. The results of the ARDL bounds test for co-integration show that the poverty headcount index in Ethiopia is co-integrated hence has a long-run relationship with financial inclusion. However, the results of long-run estimation indicated that the variables of financial inclusion have no significant effect on poverty reduction in the long run. The study also revealed that, unlike the long-run effect, Commercial Bank branch per 100000 adults; Depositors in commercial bank branches per 1000 adults; Borrowers from commercial bank branches per 1000 adults; and saving in microfinance institutions positively and significantly affect poverty reduction in Ethiopia. On the other hand, Loans provided by microfinance, institutions have a negative and significant effect on the poverty index which is an unexpected sign. The Error correction (ECM) test also revealed that about 6.2% of the previous quarter’s deviation from the equilibrium path is corrected every quarter. The test for bidirectional causality has also depicted that there is a bidirectional relationship between the Poverty index and Commercial bank branches per 100000 adults and Loans provided by Microfinance institutions, saving in microfinance institutions. But there is only a unidirectional relationship between poverty and commercial bank branches and depositors in commercial bank branches per 100000 adults. The results of this study imply that poverty can be reduced, particularly in the short run, by extensively ensuring the ease of access, availability, and usage of the formal financial system.
The purpose of this study is to assess the practice of public policy making (agenda setting-polic... more The purpose of this study is to assess the practice of public policy making (agenda setting-policy adoption) in Gambela National Regional State, Ethiopia. To this end, the study utilized a mixed research approach and descriptive research design. The study found that the legal foundations of public policymaking of GPNRS include the constitution of FDRE (1995), the revised constitution of GPNRS (2002). Moreover, the administrative council of GPNRS and the ruling political party of GPNRS are the constitutionally mandated public policy actors and structures in GPNRS are the council of GPNRS. Though the constitutional guarantee for autonomous regional public policy making, in practice few central policy elites of EPRDF have played an exclusive role in defining and identifying policy problems and setting policy agenda. Whereas the legislature and the executive organs of GPNRS, under the strict control of the regional state’s ruling party remained to be platforms of policy formulation and ...
The purpose of this study is to assess the practice of public policy making (agenda setting-polic... more The purpose of this study is to assess the practice of public policy making (agenda setting-policy adoption) in Gambela National Regional State, Ethiopia. To this end, the study utilized a mixed research approach and descriptive research design. The study found that the legal foundations of public policymaking of GPNRS include the constitution of FDRE (1995), the revised constitution of GPNRS (2002). Moreover, the administrative council of GPNRS and the ruling political party of GPNRS are the constitutionally mandated public policy actors and structures in GPNRS are the council of GPNRS. Though the constitutional guarantee for autonomous regional public policy making, in practice few central policy elites of EPRDF have played an exclusive role in defining and identifying policy problems and setting policy agenda. Whereas the legislature and the executive organs of GPNRS, under the strict control of the regional state’s ruling party remained to be platforms of policy formulation and adoption. Thereby study found that the practice of regional policy making failed to realize the exercise of the constitutional right of regional public policy making; and hence the constitutional promise of self-rule in GPNRS. The study has also found that: the political ideology of revolutionary democracy and decision-making system of ‘democratic centralism’ and ‘party discipline’; the intermingling of the ruling party institutions and government institutions; Lower public participation; in-competency of policy makers and lack policy analysis unit; a fusion of power between the executive and legislative organ; and the asymmetric nature of Ethiopian federalism has also posed challenge in undermining the exercise of the constitutional promise of regional policy making; and hence self-rule in GPNRS. Hence it is recommended that deepening democratization, promoting decentralization of decision-making system, avoiding the intermingling of political party and government, establishing policy analysis units and building the policy making capacity of regional policy makers to realize the constitutional promise of regional public policy making in GPNRS.
This study attempted to explain the short-run and long-run effect of financial inclusion on pover... more This study attempted to explain the short-run and long-run effect of financial inclusion on poverty reduction in Ethiopia over the period 2004-2018, on a quarterly basis. This study applied the ARDL approach with an optimal ARDL model (4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4) to formulate and estimate the effect of financial inclusion on poverty. The results of the ARDL bounds test for co-integration show that the poverty headcount index in Ethiopia is co-integrated hence has a long-run relationship with financial inclusion. However, the results of long-run estimation indicated that the variables of financial inclusion have no significant effect on poverty reduction in the long run. The study also revealed that, unlike the long-run effect, Commercial Bank branch per 100000 adults; Depositors in commercial bank branches per 1000 adults; Borrowers from commercial bank branches per 1000 adults; and saving in microfinance institutions positively and significantly affect poverty reduction in Ethiopia. On the other hand, Loans provided by microfinance, institutions have a negative and significant effect on the poverty index which is an unexpected sign. The Error correction (ECM) test also revealed that about 6.2% of the previous quarter’s deviation from the equilibrium path is corrected every quarter. The test for bidirectional causality has also depicted that there is a bidirectional relationship between the Poverty index and Commercial bank branches per 100000 adults and Loans provided by Microfinance institutions, saving in microfinance institutions. But there is only a unidirectional relationship between poverty and commercial bank branches and depositors in commercial bank branches per 100000 adults. The results of this study imply that poverty can be reduced, particularly in the short run, by extensively ensuring the ease of access, availability, and usage of the formal financial system.
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