Biodiversidade Brasileira - BioBrasil, May 13, 2018
RESUMO-A predação de primatas é um processo raro de ser observado na natureza e tem grande influê... more RESUMO-A predação de primatas é um processo raro de ser observado na natureza e tem grande influência na estruturação de comunidades e na ecologia comportamental das espécies. Aqui descrevemos um evento de predação de cuxiú (Chiropotes sagulatus) por harpia (Harpia harpyja), registrado na Floresta Nacional de Saracá-Taquera, localizada na região noroeste do estado do Pará, Brasil. Também relatamos alguns padrões comportamentais observados para o predador e a presa. Em sete anos de estudos conduzidos na área, esse foi o primeiro incidente na FLONA e, pelo nosso conhecimento, a predação por harpia ainda não tinha sido descrita para essa espécie de cuxiú. Reconhecer os diferentes tipos de repertórios comportamentais, particularmente aqueles associados com a predação, pode ajudar a identificar esses eventos, tão difíceis de serem obtidos em florestas densas como as tropicais, e contribuir para o aumento do conhecimento da ecologia das espécies.
Amazonia has the richest primate fauna in the world. Nonetheless, the diversity and distribution ... more Amazonia has the richest primate fauna in the world. Nonetheless, the diversity and distribution of Amazonian primates remain little known and the scarcity of baseline data challenges their conservation. These challenges are especially acute in the Amazonian arc of deforestation, the 2500 km long southern edge of the Amazonian biome that is rapidly being deforested and converted to agricultural and pastoral landscapes. Amazonian marmosets of the genus Mico are little known endemics of this region and therefore a priority for research and conservation efforts. However, even nascent conservation efforts are hampered by taxonomic uncertainties in this group, such as the existence of a potentially new species from the Juruena–Teles Pires interfluve hidden within the M. emiliae epithet. Here we test if these marmosets belong to a distinct species using new morphological, phylogenomic, and geographic distribution data analysed within an integrative taxonomic framework. We discovered a new...
This is the author manuscript accepted for publication and has undergone full peer review but has... more This is the author manuscript accepted for publication and has undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as
ABSTRACT: We studied the arterial circle in the brain of five specimens of the Alouatta belzebul ... more ABSTRACT: We studied the arterial circle in the brain of five specimens of the Alouatta belzebul primate. The material had the arterial system perfused (water at 40°C), injected with stained latex (Neoprene 650), fixed in aqueous formaldehyde solution (10%) and dissected for vessel verification. The arterial circle of this primate is composed of two vascular systems: the vertebra-basilar and the carotid ones, which anastomose to close the arterial circuit. In the caudal portion of the arterial circle, there are the vertebral arteries and their branches: the rostral spinal artery and the caudal inferior cerebellar artery. The anastomosis of the vertebral arteries gives rise to the basilar artery. It presented an anatomical variation at the beginning of its path, forming a double basilar artery, called arterial island. In its course, it emitted branches giving rise to the rostral inferior cerebellar artery, the pontine arteries, the rostral cerebellar arteries, the satellite rostral c...
Article history The genus Alouatta hosts species popularly known as red-handed howler, presenting... more Article history The genus Alouatta hosts species popularly known as red-handed howler, presenting wide geographic distribution and being found in several biomes. The objective is to describe the anatomy of the spinal cord of Alouatta belzebul specimens, focusing on the topography of the medullary cone, stressing the cervical and lumbar intumescences and cauda equina, to provide anatomical data and compare it with other species to assist in anesthetic and surgical procedures. Four animals were received for scientific research, post mortem, from the fauna rescue program of the Hydroelectric Plant of Belo Monte-Pará, and they were fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution. Structures such as the medullary cone, cervical and lumbar intumescence, and cauda equina were photographed (Sony α200-10.2 mpx). After thawing, we measured the specimens and observed a size of 80 to 82 cm from head to toe. After the skin and musculature were removed, it was observed that the spine of all specimens presented 7 cervical, 13 thoracic, 5 lumbar and 3 fused sacral vertebrae. The spinal cord was exposed after the removal of vertebral arches, it has 22 cm length in all animals, presenting the cervical intumescence between C3 and C6 vertebrae, with average of 2.2 cm and lumbar intumescence between T11 and T12 vertebrae, with average of 1.65 cm. The medullary cone is located between T12 and L1 vertebrae, with average of 1.5 cm, and the cauda equina between L1 and S3, with an average of 15 cm. This study has an important role as the basis for epidural anesthesia in the species.
The Amazonian rainforest harbors one of the most diverse mammal faunas found anywhere in the worl... more The Amazonian rainforest harbors one of the most diverse mammal faunas found anywhere in the world, although this fauna is still poorly known. Inventories are essential for the understanding of the biology and ecology of species, and provide basic data for conservation. Over 15 years of sampling in the Saracá-Taquera National Forest, we recorded 72 species of small (nonvolant), medium, and large mammals belonging to 30 families in 10 orders. These taxa included 29 species endemic to the Amazon biome, and 14 classified as threatened with extinction. Overall, the mammalian species richness recorded in the present study was equal to or greater than that recorded in other Amazonian studies, reflecting high levels of diversity on a biogeographic scale. This reinforces the importance of this national forest for the maintenance of the region's mammalian fauna. Some of the species were recorded in the region for the first time, thus extending their known geographic distribution.
The taxonomy of the titi monkeys (Callicebinae) has recently received considerable attention. It ... more The taxonomy of the titi monkeys (Callicebinae) has recently received considerable attention. It is now recognised that this subfamily is composed of three genera with 33 species, seven of them described since 2002. Here, we describe a new species of titi, Plecturocebus, from the municipality of Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso, Brazil. We adopt an integrative taxonomic approach that includes phylogenomic analyses, pelage characters, and locality records. A reduced representation genome-wide approach was employed to assess phylogenetic relationships among species of the eastern Amazonian clade of the Plecturocebus moloch group. Using existing records, we calculated the Extent of Occurrence (EOO) of the new species and estimated future habitat loss for the region based on predictive models. We then evaluated the species' conservation status using the IUCN Red list categories and criteria. The new species presents a unique combination of morphological characters: (1) grey agouti colouration on the crown and dorsal parts; (2) entirely bright red-brown venter; (3) an almost entirely black tail with a pale tip; and (4) light yellow colouration of the hair on the cheeks contrasting with bright redbrown hair on the sides of the face. Our phylogenetic reconstructions based on maximum-likelihood and Bayesian methods revealed well-supported species relationships, with the Alta Floresta taxon as sister to P. moloch + P. vieirai. The species EOO is 10,166,653 ha and we predict a total habitat loss of 86% of its original forest habitat under a "business as usual" scenario in the next 24 years, making the newly discovered titi monkey a Critically Endangered species under the IUCN A3c criterion. We give the new titi monkey a specific epithet based on: (1) clear monophyly of this lineage revealed by robust genomic and mitochondrial data; (2) distinct and diagnosable pelage morphology; and (3) a well-defined geographical distribution with clear separation from other closely related taxa. Urgent conservation measures are needed to safeguard the future of this newly discovered and already critically endangered primate.
Primates play an important role in ecosystem functioning and offer critical insights into human e... more Primates play an important role in ecosystem functioning and offer critical insights into human evolution, biology, behavior, and emerging infectious diseases. There are 26 primate species in the Atlantic Forests of South America, 19 of them endemic. We compiled a dataset of 5,472 georeferenced locations of 26 native and 1 introduced primate species, as hybrids in the genera Callithrix and Alouatta. The dataset includes 700 primate communities, 8,121 single species occurrences and 714 estimates of primate population sizes, covering most natural forest types of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina and some other biomes. On average, primate communities of the Atlantic Forest harbor 2±1 species (range=1-6). However, about 40% of primate communities contain only one species. Alouatta guariba (N=2,188 records) and Sapajus nigritus (N=1,127) were the species with the most records. Callicebus barbarabrownae (N=35), Leontopithecus caissara (N=38), a...
In the last decades, there has been a considerable increase in literature concerning ecological s... more In the last decades, there has been a considerable increase in literature concerning ecological studies employing bait traps to capture butterflies. The growing interest in this kind of studies has given rise to a demanding group of young students and researchers looking for information and standardized protocols. Due to such growing interest in bait trap studies, this review aims to discuss (i) the basic aspects of the main technique of collection and sampling methods, and (ii) alternative solutions of different bait trap surveys in the Neotropics. Common mistakes that could undermine the quality and comparability of obtained data are also discussed.
A fragmentação de hábitat é uma das principais causas do declínio das espécies em várias regiões ... more A fragmentação de hábitat é uma das principais causas do declínio das espécies em várias regiões do mundo. No bioma Cerrado, não é diferente. Considerado como uma das regiões mais ricas e ameaçadas do planeta, pouco se sabe sobre o efeito da fragmentação na sua biodiversidade. A infl uência da fragmentação sobre a distribuição de mamíferos carnívoros foi avaliada por meio de armadilhas fotográfi cas na região de Aruanã, Goiás. Foram registradas 8 espécies de carnívoros em 10 dos 13 fragmentos amostrados. Área e isolamento não exerceram infl uência signifi cativa na distribuição dessas espécies. Alguns carnívoros de grande porte como a onça-pintada foram registrados tanto em fragmentos grandes quanto em pequenos. Isso não signifi ca que suportem populações viáveis, mas que podem ser utilizados, eventualmente, como fonte temporária de recursos. Uma análise mais acurada da paisagem pode indicar as condições de permanência dessas espécies na região, em especial aquelas de maior porte ou as ameaçadas de extinção.
BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access t... more BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.
BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access t... more BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.
A diversidade de primatas neotropicais está representada por 128 espécies, e no Brasil 26 estão e... more A diversidade de primatas neotropicais está representada por 128 espécies, e no Brasil 26 estão em categorias de ameaça de extinção e 24 são endêmicas. Desses primatas ameaçados, 15 espécies ocorrem na Floresta Atlântica. A Mata do Paraíso, maior fragmento desse bioma em Viçosa, MG, possui área de 384,5 ha, cuja fauna de primatas está representada por Callicebus nigrifrons (Spix, 1823) e Callithrix sp. Este estudo objetivou estimar a densidade e tamanho populacional, bem como determinar a abundância dos primatas na Mata do Paraíso. Para estimar a densidade e tamanho populacional, foram percorridos cinco transectos lineares de 1 km cada, dispostos paralelamente no interior da mata, seguindo-se as premissas da metodologia Distance para transectos lineares. Os dados foram coletados de agosto de 2004 a fevereiro de 2006, durante 70 levantamentos, totalizando 82,7 km percorridos e 12 avistamentos para cada espécie dos referidos primatas. Adicionalmente, para determinar a abundância das e...
This study examines how habitat structure affects the home range use of a group of Brachyteles hy... more This study examines how habitat structure affects the home range use of a group of Brachyteles hypoxanthus in the Brigadeiro State Park, Brazil. It has been reported that most of the annual feeding time of woolly spider monkeys is spent eating leaves, but they prefer fruits when available. We hypothesise that the protein-to-fibre ratio (PF; best descriptor of habitat quality for folivorous primates) is a better descriptor of habitat quality and abundance for these primates than the structural attributes of forests (basal area is the best descriptor of habitat quality for frugivorous primates of Africa and Asia). We evaluated plant community structure, successional status, and PF of leaf samples from the dominant tree populations, both within the core and from a non-core area of the home range of our study group. Forest structure was a combination of stem density and basal area of dominant tree populations. The core area had larger trees, a higher forest basal area, and higher stem d...
O objetivo desse texto é examinar a influência das cidades situadas no médio curso da bacia do ri... more O objetivo desse texto é examinar a influência das cidades situadas no médio curso da bacia do rio Jacuípe no processo de desmatamento a partir da retirada da cobertura vegetal, com consequente exposição dos solos aos processos erosivos. Para isso, utilizou-se imagens de satélite, técnicas de processamento digital de dados e de modelagem espacial, a fim de verificar o percentual total da cobertura vegetal até 5km das sedes urbanas, bem como da distribuição da cobertura vegetal em círculos projetados a cada km em um mapa de distâncias (buffers). Realizou-se uma pesquisa acerca do processo de ocupação dos municípios, coletando-se dados de população absoluta desde a década de 1970, bem como do avanço das principais atividades agropecuárias: o sisal e o gado bovino, para entender como tal processo articula-se aos processos de desmatamento presentes na área estudada. Constatou-se que há percentuais variados de desmatamento, desde 3% a 24% de cobertura vegetal dentre as cidades pesquisadas e seu entorno. Na média, há 11% de cobertura vegetal nas cidades do médio Jacuípe pesquisadas, o que denota um alto grau de retirada da vegetação. O tamanho das cidades ou sua existência há mais ou menos tempo não são condicionantes do desmatamento ou da manutenção da vegetação, conforme evidenciaram os dados. Outrossim, os municípios com tendência ao avanço da pecuária bovina apresentaram maiores variações na cobertura vegetal, com saldos mais negativos, especialmente Pé de Serra, Gavião, Nova Fátima e Riachão do Jacuípe, enquanto Capela do Alto Alegre e São José do Jacuípe vêm recuperando sua cobertura vegetal devido ao crescimento da algaroba (prosopis juliflora), que pode concorrer com a caatinga, promovendo-lhe fortes danos. Já nos municípios de Valente, Retirolândia e São Domingos, com tendência ao avanço dos sisalais, a cobertura vegetal manteve-se um pouco acima da média, indicando que essa atividade (nesse caso) é menos degradadora que as pastagens.
RESUMO Em ambientes de negócios cada vez mais complexos, caracterizados pela alta competitividade... more RESUMO Em ambientes de negócios cada vez mais complexos, caracterizados pela alta competitividade entre as empresas, elevado desenvolvimento tecnológico, a interdependência dos fenômenos e a alta complexidade e velocidade das informações têm obrigado as organizações a voltarem seus esforços ao aumento da eficiência para garantir a sua sobrevivência neste cenário volátil. É neste contexto que se inserem a logística e a gestão da cadeia de suprimentos, como sendo alternativas capazes de ajudar a empresa no alcance dos seus objetivos, garantindo a eficiência e eficácia de seus negócios. Com isso, este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar uma revisão bibliográfica destes dois assuntos, apresentando as principais diferenças entre eles.
Biodiversidade Brasileira - BioBrasil, May 13, 2018
RESUMO-A predação de primatas é um processo raro de ser observado na natureza e tem grande influê... more RESUMO-A predação de primatas é um processo raro de ser observado na natureza e tem grande influência na estruturação de comunidades e na ecologia comportamental das espécies. Aqui descrevemos um evento de predação de cuxiú (Chiropotes sagulatus) por harpia (Harpia harpyja), registrado na Floresta Nacional de Saracá-Taquera, localizada na região noroeste do estado do Pará, Brasil. Também relatamos alguns padrões comportamentais observados para o predador e a presa. Em sete anos de estudos conduzidos na área, esse foi o primeiro incidente na FLONA e, pelo nosso conhecimento, a predação por harpia ainda não tinha sido descrita para essa espécie de cuxiú. Reconhecer os diferentes tipos de repertórios comportamentais, particularmente aqueles associados com a predação, pode ajudar a identificar esses eventos, tão difíceis de serem obtidos em florestas densas como as tropicais, e contribuir para o aumento do conhecimento da ecologia das espécies.
Amazonia has the richest primate fauna in the world. Nonetheless, the diversity and distribution ... more Amazonia has the richest primate fauna in the world. Nonetheless, the diversity and distribution of Amazonian primates remain little known and the scarcity of baseline data challenges their conservation. These challenges are especially acute in the Amazonian arc of deforestation, the 2500 km long southern edge of the Amazonian biome that is rapidly being deforested and converted to agricultural and pastoral landscapes. Amazonian marmosets of the genus Mico are little known endemics of this region and therefore a priority for research and conservation efforts. However, even nascent conservation efforts are hampered by taxonomic uncertainties in this group, such as the existence of a potentially new species from the Juruena–Teles Pires interfluve hidden within the M. emiliae epithet. Here we test if these marmosets belong to a distinct species using new morphological, phylogenomic, and geographic distribution data analysed within an integrative taxonomic framework. We discovered a new...
This is the author manuscript accepted for publication and has undergone full peer review but has... more This is the author manuscript accepted for publication and has undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as
ABSTRACT: We studied the arterial circle in the brain of five specimens of the Alouatta belzebul ... more ABSTRACT: We studied the arterial circle in the brain of five specimens of the Alouatta belzebul primate. The material had the arterial system perfused (water at 40°C), injected with stained latex (Neoprene 650), fixed in aqueous formaldehyde solution (10%) and dissected for vessel verification. The arterial circle of this primate is composed of two vascular systems: the vertebra-basilar and the carotid ones, which anastomose to close the arterial circuit. In the caudal portion of the arterial circle, there are the vertebral arteries and their branches: the rostral spinal artery and the caudal inferior cerebellar artery. The anastomosis of the vertebral arteries gives rise to the basilar artery. It presented an anatomical variation at the beginning of its path, forming a double basilar artery, called arterial island. In its course, it emitted branches giving rise to the rostral inferior cerebellar artery, the pontine arteries, the rostral cerebellar arteries, the satellite rostral c...
Article history The genus Alouatta hosts species popularly known as red-handed howler, presenting... more Article history The genus Alouatta hosts species popularly known as red-handed howler, presenting wide geographic distribution and being found in several biomes. The objective is to describe the anatomy of the spinal cord of Alouatta belzebul specimens, focusing on the topography of the medullary cone, stressing the cervical and lumbar intumescences and cauda equina, to provide anatomical data and compare it with other species to assist in anesthetic and surgical procedures. Four animals were received for scientific research, post mortem, from the fauna rescue program of the Hydroelectric Plant of Belo Monte-Pará, and they were fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution. Structures such as the medullary cone, cervical and lumbar intumescence, and cauda equina were photographed (Sony α200-10.2 mpx). After thawing, we measured the specimens and observed a size of 80 to 82 cm from head to toe. After the skin and musculature were removed, it was observed that the spine of all specimens presented 7 cervical, 13 thoracic, 5 lumbar and 3 fused sacral vertebrae. The spinal cord was exposed after the removal of vertebral arches, it has 22 cm length in all animals, presenting the cervical intumescence between C3 and C6 vertebrae, with average of 2.2 cm and lumbar intumescence between T11 and T12 vertebrae, with average of 1.65 cm. The medullary cone is located between T12 and L1 vertebrae, with average of 1.5 cm, and the cauda equina between L1 and S3, with an average of 15 cm. This study has an important role as the basis for epidural anesthesia in the species.
The Amazonian rainforest harbors one of the most diverse mammal faunas found anywhere in the worl... more The Amazonian rainforest harbors one of the most diverse mammal faunas found anywhere in the world, although this fauna is still poorly known. Inventories are essential for the understanding of the biology and ecology of species, and provide basic data for conservation. Over 15 years of sampling in the Saracá-Taquera National Forest, we recorded 72 species of small (nonvolant), medium, and large mammals belonging to 30 families in 10 orders. These taxa included 29 species endemic to the Amazon biome, and 14 classified as threatened with extinction. Overall, the mammalian species richness recorded in the present study was equal to or greater than that recorded in other Amazonian studies, reflecting high levels of diversity on a biogeographic scale. This reinforces the importance of this national forest for the maintenance of the region's mammalian fauna. Some of the species were recorded in the region for the first time, thus extending their known geographic distribution.
The taxonomy of the titi monkeys (Callicebinae) has recently received considerable attention. It ... more The taxonomy of the titi monkeys (Callicebinae) has recently received considerable attention. It is now recognised that this subfamily is composed of three genera with 33 species, seven of them described since 2002. Here, we describe a new species of titi, Plecturocebus, from the municipality of Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso, Brazil. We adopt an integrative taxonomic approach that includes phylogenomic analyses, pelage characters, and locality records. A reduced representation genome-wide approach was employed to assess phylogenetic relationships among species of the eastern Amazonian clade of the Plecturocebus moloch group. Using existing records, we calculated the Extent of Occurrence (EOO) of the new species and estimated future habitat loss for the region based on predictive models. We then evaluated the species' conservation status using the IUCN Red list categories and criteria. The new species presents a unique combination of morphological characters: (1) grey agouti colouration on the crown and dorsal parts; (2) entirely bright red-brown venter; (3) an almost entirely black tail with a pale tip; and (4) light yellow colouration of the hair on the cheeks contrasting with bright redbrown hair on the sides of the face. Our phylogenetic reconstructions based on maximum-likelihood and Bayesian methods revealed well-supported species relationships, with the Alta Floresta taxon as sister to P. moloch + P. vieirai. The species EOO is 10,166,653 ha and we predict a total habitat loss of 86% of its original forest habitat under a "business as usual" scenario in the next 24 years, making the newly discovered titi monkey a Critically Endangered species under the IUCN A3c criterion. We give the new titi monkey a specific epithet based on: (1) clear monophyly of this lineage revealed by robust genomic and mitochondrial data; (2) distinct and diagnosable pelage morphology; and (3) a well-defined geographical distribution with clear separation from other closely related taxa. Urgent conservation measures are needed to safeguard the future of this newly discovered and already critically endangered primate.
Primates play an important role in ecosystem functioning and offer critical insights into human e... more Primates play an important role in ecosystem functioning and offer critical insights into human evolution, biology, behavior, and emerging infectious diseases. There are 26 primate species in the Atlantic Forests of South America, 19 of them endemic. We compiled a dataset of 5,472 georeferenced locations of 26 native and 1 introduced primate species, as hybrids in the genera Callithrix and Alouatta. The dataset includes 700 primate communities, 8,121 single species occurrences and 714 estimates of primate population sizes, covering most natural forest types of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina and some other biomes. On average, primate communities of the Atlantic Forest harbor 2±1 species (range=1-6). However, about 40% of primate communities contain only one species. Alouatta guariba (N=2,188 records) and Sapajus nigritus (N=1,127) were the species with the most records. Callicebus barbarabrownae (N=35), Leontopithecus caissara (N=38), a...
In the last decades, there has been a considerable increase in literature concerning ecological s... more In the last decades, there has been a considerable increase in literature concerning ecological studies employing bait traps to capture butterflies. The growing interest in this kind of studies has given rise to a demanding group of young students and researchers looking for information and standardized protocols. Due to such growing interest in bait trap studies, this review aims to discuss (i) the basic aspects of the main technique of collection and sampling methods, and (ii) alternative solutions of different bait trap surveys in the Neotropics. Common mistakes that could undermine the quality and comparability of obtained data are also discussed.
A fragmentação de hábitat é uma das principais causas do declínio das espécies em várias regiões ... more A fragmentação de hábitat é uma das principais causas do declínio das espécies em várias regiões do mundo. No bioma Cerrado, não é diferente. Considerado como uma das regiões mais ricas e ameaçadas do planeta, pouco se sabe sobre o efeito da fragmentação na sua biodiversidade. A infl uência da fragmentação sobre a distribuição de mamíferos carnívoros foi avaliada por meio de armadilhas fotográfi cas na região de Aruanã, Goiás. Foram registradas 8 espécies de carnívoros em 10 dos 13 fragmentos amostrados. Área e isolamento não exerceram infl uência signifi cativa na distribuição dessas espécies. Alguns carnívoros de grande porte como a onça-pintada foram registrados tanto em fragmentos grandes quanto em pequenos. Isso não signifi ca que suportem populações viáveis, mas que podem ser utilizados, eventualmente, como fonte temporária de recursos. Uma análise mais acurada da paisagem pode indicar as condições de permanência dessas espécies na região, em especial aquelas de maior porte ou as ameaçadas de extinção.
BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access t... more BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.
BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access t... more BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.
A diversidade de primatas neotropicais está representada por 128 espécies, e no Brasil 26 estão e... more A diversidade de primatas neotropicais está representada por 128 espécies, e no Brasil 26 estão em categorias de ameaça de extinção e 24 são endêmicas. Desses primatas ameaçados, 15 espécies ocorrem na Floresta Atlântica. A Mata do Paraíso, maior fragmento desse bioma em Viçosa, MG, possui área de 384,5 ha, cuja fauna de primatas está representada por Callicebus nigrifrons (Spix, 1823) e Callithrix sp. Este estudo objetivou estimar a densidade e tamanho populacional, bem como determinar a abundância dos primatas na Mata do Paraíso. Para estimar a densidade e tamanho populacional, foram percorridos cinco transectos lineares de 1 km cada, dispostos paralelamente no interior da mata, seguindo-se as premissas da metodologia Distance para transectos lineares. Os dados foram coletados de agosto de 2004 a fevereiro de 2006, durante 70 levantamentos, totalizando 82,7 km percorridos e 12 avistamentos para cada espécie dos referidos primatas. Adicionalmente, para determinar a abundância das e...
This study examines how habitat structure affects the home range use of a group of Brachyteles hy... more This study examines how habitat structure affects the home range use of a group of Brachyteles hypoxanthus in the Brigadeiro State Park, Brazil. It has been reported that most of the annual feeding time of woolly spider monkeys is spent eating leaves, but they prefer fruits when available. We hypothesise that the protein-to-fibre ratio (PF; best descriptor of habitat quality for folivorous primates) is a better descriptor of habitat quality and abundance for these primates than the structural attributes of forests (basal area is the best descriptor of habitat quality for frugivorous primates of Africa and Asia). We evaluated plant community structure, successional status, and PF of leaf samples from the dominant tree populations, both within the core and from a non-core area of the home range of our study group. Forest structure was a combination of stem density and basal area of dominant tree populations. The core area had larger trees, a higher forest basal area, and higher stem d...
O objetivo desse texto é examinar a influência das cidades situadas no médio curso da bacia do ri... more O objetivo desse texto é examinar a influência das cidades situadas no médio curso da bacia do rio Jacuípe no processo de desmatamento a partir da retirada da cobertura vegetal, com consequente exposição dos solos aos processos erosivos. Para isso, utilizou-se imagens de satélite, técnicas de processamento digital de dados e de modelagem espacial, a fim de verificar o percentual total da cobertura vegetal até 5km das sedes urbanas, bem como da distribuição da cobertura vegetal em círculos projetados a cada km em um mapa de distâncias (buffers). Realizou-se uma pesquisa acerca do processo de ocupação dos municípios, coletando-se dados de população absoluta desde a década de 1970, bem como do avanço das principais atividades agropecuárias: o sisal e o gado bovino, para entender como tal processo articula-se aos processos de desmatamento presentes na área estudada. Constatou-se que há percentuais variados de desmatamento, desde 3% a 24% de cobertura vegetal dentre as cidades pesquisadas e seu entorno. Na média, há 11% de cobertura vegetal nas cidades do médio Jacuípe pesquisadas, o que denota um alto grau de retirada da vegetação. O tamanho das cidades ou sua existência há mais ou menos tempo não são condicionantes do desmatamento ou da manutenção da vegetação, conforme evidenciaram os dados. Outrossim, os municípios com tendência ao avanço da pecuária bovina apresentaram maiores variações na cobertura vegetal, com saldos mais negativos, especialmente Pé de Serra, Gavião, Nova Fátima e Riachão do Jacuípe, enquanto Capela do Alto Alegre e São José do Jacuípe vêm recuperando sua cobertura vegetal devido ao crescimento da algaroba (prosopis juliflora), que pode concorrer com a caatinga, promovendo-lhe fortes danos. Já nos municípios de Valente, Retirolândia e São Domingos, com tendência ao avanço dos sisalais, a cobertura vegetal manteve-se um pouco acima da média, indicando que essa atividade (nesse caso) é menos degradadora que as pastagens.
RESUMO Em ambientes de negócios cada vez mais complexos, caracterizados pela alta competitividade... more RESUMO Em ambientes de negócios cada vez mais complexos, caracterizados pela alta competitividade entre as empresas, elevado desenvolvimento tecnológico, a interdependência dos fenômenos e a alta complexidade e velocidade das informações têm obrigado as organizações a voltarem seus esforços ao aumento da eficiência para garantir a sua sobrevivência neste cenário volátil. É neste contexto que se inserem a logística e a gestão da cadeia de suprimentos, como sendo alternativas capazes de ajudar a empresa no alcance dos seus objetivos, garantindo a eficiência e eficácia de seus negócios. Com isso, este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar uma revisão bibliográfica destes dois assuntos, apresentando as principais diferenças entre eles.
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