Swampland has the potential to be developed as a productive agricultural area. However swampland ... more Swampland has the potential to be developed as a productive agricultural area. However swampland has several problems, including: low soil fertility caused by acid soil pH, low availability of macro and micro nutrients, poisoning of organic acids on peat soil, iron on submerged acid sulphate soils and Al on oxidized acid sulphate soils. Environmental problems often accompanying swampland use for agriculture are GHG emissions, pesticide residues and reduced soil organism biodiversity. Biochar is a charcoal that contains high carbon, as a result of pyrolysis and is an environmentally friendly ameliorant material. The role of biochar in swampland includes: increasing carbon stocks in the soil and reducing CO2 release, reducing nutrient leaching through increased buffering capacity, reducing soil acidity, being able to reduce pesticide residues and organic pollutants, reducing the formation of GHG emissions, especially N2O and methane (CH4) and improve growth performance and crop yields. This paper reviews the role of biochar in improving the fertility of swamplands and reducing GHG emissions The ability of biochar to improve soil properties is determined by the type and size of biochar. The finer the size of the biochar, the faster the reaction in the soil, so that it is faster in improving soil properties. The application of biochar in swampland in addition to considering the quality of the material, but also the availability of biochar raw materials. Some types of biochar that can be used include: biochar of rice husk, galam, coconut shell and palm midrib. All types of that biochar are able to reduce GHG emissions, however the effectiveness in improving soil fertility of rice husk biochar is better on acidic sulfate soil and alluvial soil, while for peat soil using coconut shell biochar.
The use of peatlands for agriculture often causes controversy on Indonesia and allegedly increase... more The use of peatlands for agriculture often causes controversy on Indonesia and allegedly increases greenhouse gas emissions caused by fertilization. Ameliorants are often used on peatland to increase productivity. The effects of ameliorant on GHG emissions depends on the characteristics of ameliorants. Determination of the type of ameliorant and the appropriate rate of NPK fertilizer is needed to mitigate CO2 and N2O emissions for red chili cultivation on peatland. This research was carried out on peatland in the village of Kalampangan,
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology, 2021
This study aims to assess the effect of rice husk biochar, raised beds, and chicken manure on the... more This study aims to assess the effect of rice husk biochar, raised beds, and chicken manure on the CO2 flux and shallot production on peatland. This study adopted a factorial randomized block design with three factors and three replications. The P1 treatment was recommended by the Swamp Land Agricultural Research Institute by adding chicken manure (5 ton ha−1) and rice husk biochar (5 ton ha−1) while the P2 treatment was recommended by the Vegetable Research Institute by adding chicken manure (10 ton ha−1). The raised beds heights were 20 cm (A) and 30 cm (B). Variance analyses were applied to each observation variable and followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test at a 5% level. The P1A treatment was the best in improving the shallot production up to 10.88 tons and producing the lowest CO2 cumulative flux up to 0.158 ton ha-1 season-1.
Slash and burn are commonly practiced in opening new field in tropical peatland. This method, if ... more Slash and burn are commonly practiced in opening new field in tropical peatland. This method, if uncontrolled, may cause peat fires and increase CO2 emissions. Therefore, alternative method of peatland preparation for agriculture is needed. The study aimed to obtain peatland preparation technologies to prevent peat fires and reduce CO2 emissions. The study was conducted at degraded peatland in Kalampangan, Central Kalimantan from June to October 2017. Split plot design with three replications was used. The main plot was the type of land arrangement, i.e. without and with raised beds. The subplot was the type of land preparation, i.e. slash and burn, slash followed by composting the weeds, slash and make the weeds as mulches, and slash followed by composting the weeds and accompanied by plastic mulch. Soil characteristics, fires vulnerability, and CO2 emissions were measured before and after land preparation. Results showed that slash and composting reduced CO2 emission from cultivat...
Lahan gambut berpotensi untuk dijadikan areal pengembangan tanaman cabai, namundiperlukan teknolo... more Lahan gambut berpotensi untuk dijadikan areal pengembangan tanaman cabai, namundiperlukan teknologi pengelolaan lahan yang tepat. Salah satu teknologi yang diperlukan adalahteknologi persiapan lahan tanpa bakar dan penataan lahan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mempelajaripengaruh persiapan dan penataan lahan terhadap kesuburan, pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cabaimerah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di lahan gambut di desa Kalampangan, Kecamatan Sebangau, KodyaPalangkaraya, pada bulan Juni sampai Oktober 2017. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan Split Plotyang diulang 3 kali. Petak utama adalah jenis penataan lahan (U1= tanpa bedengan dan U2 = bedengantinggi 30 cm). Anak Petak adalah jenis persiapan lahan (A1= semprot, tebas, bakar, A2 = tebas,kompos, A3 = tebas, mulsa, A4 = tebas, kompos, mulsa plastik). Pengamatan meliputi tinggi tanamandan hasil tanaman cabai, pH tanah dan kadar P tersedia di tanah. Perlakuan yang memberikan hasilcabai tertinggi adalah perlakuan penataan lahan sistem guludan y...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021
This study aim was to determine the effectiveness of various types of ameliorant in improving soi... more This study aim was to determine the effectiveness of various types of ameliorant in improving soil chemical properties and rice yields in actual acid sulfate soils. The study was conducted in Tamban Baru Tengah village, Tamban Catur Subdistrict, Kapuas, Central Kalimantan, from April-September 2019. The research design used a Randomized Block Design with treatment (A1) 5 t ha−1 of lime given once at the beginning, (A2) 3 t ha−1 lime + 2 t ha−1 lime given at the rice age of 1 month, (A3) 3 t ha−1 lime + 2 t ha−1 ‘Porre’ organic fertilizer, (A4) 3 t ha−1 lime + 2 t ha−1 rice husk ask. Each treatment was replicated 4 times. Periodic soil observations included pH H2O, EC, SO4 2-, Fe2+ and Al3+, plant height, tillers number, and rice yields were observed. The results showed that the ameliorant treatment was able to reduce concentration of Fe2+ at planting from 6400 ppm to 1000-1500 ppm, SO4 2- from 8000 ppm to 2100 to 4300 ppm, Al3+ from 16.31 cmol(+) kg−1 to 5.2-6.7 cmol(+) kg−1. Lime c...
Peat swamp forest is a unique and fragile ecosystem, with specific flora and fauna that play impo... more Peat swamp forest is a unique and fragile ecosystem, with specific flora and fauna that play important roles in maintaining healthy natural conditions with high economic values. This habitat also has important role for equilibrium and maintenance of living environment such as water reservoir, carbon storage, climate change, and biodiversity. Utilization of peatland for agriculture, plantations, and other activities often lead not only to controversy, but also cause land and ecosystem degradation, including water resources availability. The objective of this research was to study comprehensive ecohydrology aspects in ex-mega rice project in Central Kalimantan in order to support sustainable agricultural practices and water resources management in peatland areas. The results of the study showed that the sustainability of agricultural systems in peatland was strongly influenced by ecological aspect. This aspect can be carried out from the condition of water management system, water color condition, and possible incidence of fires. The level of suitability for crops plantation was low (S3), with the limiting factors of pH, nutrient availability, and the risk of inundation. In this case, water gates should be installed to improve water management system. Water quality in this area was typical of peat water and do not meet the requirement for daily use for the local people.
Amelioration is very important in supporting plant growth in peat land. The use of low emission a... more Amelioration is very important in supporting plant growth in peat land. The use of low emission ameliorant will support the sustainability of agricultural system in peat land. The research is intended to study the effectiveness of some ameliorants in reducing CO2 and N2O emission in corn planting in peat land. The research was conducted in April to October 2013, in Kalampangan Village Palangkaraya Municipality Central Kalimantan. Ameliorant materials used were chicken manure fertilizer, domolite, mineral soil, paddy husk biochar, coconut shell biochar. Ameliorant treatments applied were the type of ameliorant compositions, those were (A1) 80% chicken manure fertilizer + 20% dolomite, (A2) 20% chicken manure fertilizer + 20% agricultural weeds + 20% spodosol mineral soil + 20% “purun tikus” (eleocharis dulcis) compost + 20% dolomite, (A3) 19% chicken manure fertilizer + 9% dolomite + 72% mineral soil, (A4) 100% coconut shell biochar, (A5) paddy husk biochar, (A6) farmer’s way (20% as...
Swampland has the potential to be developed as a productive agricultural area. However swampland ... more Swampland has the potential to be developed as a productive agricultural area. However swampland has several problems, including: low soil fertility caused by acid soil pH, low availability of macro and micro nutrients, poisoning of organic acids on peat soil, iron on submerged acid sulphate soils and Al on oxidized acid sulphate soils. Environmental problems often accompanying swampland use for agriculture are GHG emissions, pesticide residues and reduced soil organism biodiversity. Biochar is a charcoal that contains high carbon, as a result of pyrolysis and is an environmentally friendly ameliorant material. The role of biochar in swampland includes: increasing carbon stocks in the soil and reducing CO2 release, reducing nutrient leaching through increased buffering capacity, reducing soil acidity, being able to reduce pesticide residues and organic pollutants, reducing the formation of GHG emissions, especially N2O and methane (CH4) and improve growth performance and crop yields. This paper reviews the role of biochar in improving the fertility of swamplands and reducing GHG emissions The ability of biochar to improve soil properties is determined by the type and size of biochar. The finer the size of the biochar, the faster the reaction in the soil, so that it is faster in improving soil properties. The application of biochar in swampland in addition to considering the quality of the material, but also the availability of biochar raw materials. Some types of biochar that can be used include: biochar of rice husk, galam, coconut shell and palm midrib. All types of that biochar are able to reduce GHG emissions, however the effectiveness in improving soil fertility of rice husk biochar is better on acidic sulfate soil and alluvial soil, while for peat soil using coconut shell biochar.
The use of peatlands for agriculture often causes controversy on Indonesia and allegedly increase... more The use of peatlands for agriculture often causes controversy on Indonesia and allegedly increases greenhouse gas emissions caused by fertilization. Ameliorants are often used on peatland to increase productivity. The effects of ameliorant on GHG emissions depends on the characteristics of ameliorants. Determination of the type of ameliorant and the appropriate rate of NPK fertilizer is needed to mitigate CO2 and N2O emissions for red chili cultivation on peatland. This research was carried out on peatland in the village of Kalampangan,
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology, 2021
This study aims to assess the effect of rice husk biochar, raised beds, and chicken manure on the... more This study aims to assess the effect of rice husk biochar, raised beds, and chicken manure on the CO2 flux and shallot production on peatland. This study adopted a factorial randomized block design with three factors and three replications. The P1 treatment was recommended by the Swamp Land Agricultural Research Institute by adding chicken manure (5 ton ha−1) and rice husk biochar (5 ton ha−1) while the P2 treatment was recommended by the Vegetable Research Institute by adding chicken manure (10 ton ha−1). The raised beds heights were 20 cm (A) and 30 cm (B). Variance analyses were applied to each observation variable and followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test at a 5% level. The P1A treatment was the best in improving the shallot production up to 10.88 tons and producing the lowest CO2 cumulative flux up to 0.158 ton ha-1 season-1.
Slash and burn are commonly practiced in opening new field in tropical peatland. This method, if ... more Slash and burn are commonly practiced in opening new field in tropical peatland. This method, if uncontrolled, may cause peat fires and increase CO2 emissions. Therefore, alternative method of peatland preparation for agriculture is needed. The study aimed to obtain peatland preparation technologies to prevent peat fires and reduce CO2 emissions. The study was conducted at degraded peatland in Kalampangan, Central Kalimantan from June to October 2017. Split plot design with three replications was used. The main plot was the type of land arrangement, i.e. without and with raised beds. The subplot was the type of land preparation, i.e. slash and burn, slash followed by composting the weeds, slash and make the weeds as mulches, and slash followed by composting the weeds and accompanied by plastic mulch. Soil characteristics, fires vulnerability, and CO2 emissions were measured before and after land preparation. Results showed that slash and composting reduced CO2 emission from cultivat...
Lahan gambut berpotensi untuk dijadikan areal pengembangan tanaman cabai, namundiperlukan teknolo... more Lahan gambut berpotensi untuk dijadikan areal pengembangan tanaman cabai, namundiperlukan teknologi pengelolaan lahan yang tepat. Salah satu teknologi yang diperlukan adalahteknologi persiapan lahan tanpa bakar dan penataan lahan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mempelajaripengaruh persiapan dan penataan lahan terhadap kesuburan, pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cabaimerah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di lahan gambut di desa Kalampangan, Kecamatan Sebangau, KodyaPalangkaraya, pada bulan Juni sampai Oktober 2017. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan Split Plotyang diulang 3 kali. Petak utama adalah jenis penataan lahan (U1= tanpa bedengan dan U2 = bedengantinggi 30 cm). Anak Petak adalah jenis persiapan lahan (A1= semprot, tebas, bakar, A2 = tebas,kompos, A3 = tebas, mulsa, A4 = tebas, kompos, mulsa plastik). Pengamatan meliputi tinggi tanamandan hasil tanaman cabai, pH tanah dan kadar P tersedia di tanah. Perlakuan yang memberikan hasilcabai tertinggi adalah perlakuan penataan lahan sistem guludan y...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021
This study aim was to determine the effectiveness of various types of ameliorant in improving soi... more This study aim was to determine the effectiveness of various types of ameliorant in improving soil chemical properties and rice yields in actual acid sulfate soils. The study was conducted in Tamban Baru Tengah village, Tamban Catur Subdistrict, Kapuas, Central Kalimantan, from April-September 2019. The research design used a Randomized Block Design with treatment (A1) 5 t ha−1 of lime given once at the beginning, (A2) 3 t ha−1 lime + 2 t ha−1 lime given at the rice age of 1 month, (A3) 3 t ha−1 lime + 2 t ha−1 ‘Porre’ organic fertilizer, (A4) 3 t ha−1 lime + 2 t ha−1 rice husk ask. Each treatment was replicated 4 times. Periodic soil observations included pH H2O, EC, SO4 2-, Fe2+ and Al3+, plant height, tillers number, and rice yields were observed. The results showed that the ameliorant treatment was able to reduce concentration of Fe2+ at planting from 6400 ppm to 1000-1500 ppm, SO4 2- from 8000 ppm to 2100 to 4300 ppm, Al3+ from 16.31 cmol(+) kg−1 to 5.2-6.7 cmol(+) kg−1. Lime c...
Peat swamp forest is a unique and fragile ecosystem, with specific flora and fauna that play impo... more Peat swamp forest is a unique and fragile ecosystem, with specific flora and fauna that play important roles in maintaining healthy natural conditions with high economic values. This habitat also has important role for equilibrium and maintenance of living environment such as water reservoir, carbon storage, climate change, and biodiversity. Utilization of peatland for agriculture, plantations, and other activities often lead not only to controversy, but also cause land and ecosystem degradation, including water resources availability. The objective of this research was to study comprehensive ecohydrology aspects in ex-mega rice project in Central Kalimantan in order to support sustainable agricultural practices and water resources management in peatland areas. The results of the study showed that the sustainability of agricultural systems in peatland was strongly influenced by ecological aspect. This aspect can be carried out from the condition of water management system, water color condition, and possible incidence of fires. The level of suitability for crops plantation was low (S3), with the limiting factors of pH, nutrient availability, and the risk of inundation. In this case, water gates should be installed to improve water management system. Water quality in this area was typical of peat water and do not meet the requirement for daily use for the local people.
Amelioration is very important in supporting plant growth in peat land. The use of low emission a... more Amelioration is very important in supporting plant growth in peat land. The use of low emission ameliorant will support the sustainability of agricultural system in peat land. The research is intended to study the effectiveness of some ameliorants in reducing CO2 and N2O emission in corn planting in peat land. The research was conducted in April to October 2013, in Kalampangan Village Palangkaraya Municipality Central Kalimantan. Ameliorant materials used were chicken manure fertilizer, domolite, mineral soil, paddy husk biochar, coconut shell biochar. Ameliorant treatments applied were the type of ameliorant compositions, those were (A1) 80% chicken manure fertilizer + 20% dolomite, (A2) 20% chicken manure fertilizer + 20% agricultural weeds + 20% spodosol mineral soil + 20% “purun tikus” (eleocharis dulcis) compost + 20% dolomite, (A3) 19% chicken manure fertilizer + 9% dolomite + 72% mineral soil, (A4) 100% coconut shell biochar, (A5) paddy husk biochar, (A6) farmer’s way (20% as...
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