The objective of this work is to investigate the syntactic and semantic properties of the empty c... more The objective of this work is to investigate the syntactic and semantic properties of the empty categories PRO and pro in Modern Standard Arabic syntax. The problem: both of them are always syntactically covert at PF; semantically, though PRO bears same / or different theta roles from its anaphor at spell out, it leads to correct interpretation at LF; however, pro bears different theta roles that determine correct c-selection at spell out and lead to correct interpretations at LF. Conclusions: Syntactically PRO occupies, merely, the subject position of non- finite phrases; it does not check the nominative case since the phrases lack [Agrs, T]. However, pro occupies the subject position of finite clauses in (i) independent clause, (ii) embedding, (iii) subordinate and (iv) independent clauses related to weather (expletive) verbs; it checks the nominative case by [Agrs, T]. Semantically, PRO checks, merely, the theta roles of agent and experiencer; however, pro checks the theta roles ...
The objective of this work is to specify the actual structures of independent and dependent subor... more The objective of this work is to specify the actual structures of independent and dependent subordinate subjunctive clauses visible with the complementizer ?an ‘that’ at spell out and exclude mandative phrases in Modern Standard Arabic. The problems: There is a confusion to specify the actual structures of such phrases whether they are complementizer phrases [C”s] or tense phrases [T”s]. It is also difficulty to decide whether the phrases constitute arguments to check theta roles or not in the absence of a predicate. The theory: this issue is analyzed with reference to Chomsky's minimalist’s views (1995), Radford's (1988) and Jalabneh (2007, 2011, 2017). The conclusions: The structures are syntactically proved to be [C”s] but not [T”s] whether the complementizer ?an ‘that’ is overt at spell out or covert at PF; [C”s] as syntactic units do not constitute arguments for any predicate; thus; they do not check theta roles in Arabic syntax. The analysis shows also that whether the...
The objective of this article is to differentiate between mandative complementizer phrases from a... more The objective of this article is to differentiate between mandative complementizer phrases from adverbial subjunctive complementizer phrases whether they constitute argument structures to verbs or not in Arabic and English. As both phrases are initiated by complementizers, theoretically, the issue becomes a problem to decide whether every phrase initiated by a complementizer constitutes an argument structure or not though the complementizers might be deleted at LF in both languages. Thus, the researchers refer to Chomsky's (1981-1995) minimalist views to help us draw a clear distinction between them for better semantic interpretations at LF. The results illustrate that there are certain similarities and differences between the two languages; for instance, Arabic has mandative phrases that constitute argument structures but do not permit the complementizer ?an 'that' and the subjunctive marker [a] to be omitted at LF; likewise, English has mandative phrases that constitute arguments, but they permit the complementizer 'that' to be omitted at LF. Arabic has a unique independent adverbial subjunctive phrase initiated by ?anla 'not that', but it does not constitute an argument structure to any verb; however, English does not have this type of phrase. Arabic also has dependent adverbial subjunctive phrases initiated by the adjuncts (i) ?idh 'then', (ii) likai 'in order to', (iii) hatta 'until', li 'to' and li 'let'; they must be followed by the complementizer ?an 'that'; but, they do not form internal arguments to verbs. Arabic has a dependent complementizer phrase in the indicative initiated by ?ida 'if' which constitutes an argument and bears a theta role. Similarly, English has a dependent adverbial complementizer phrase initiated by the complementizer 'whether' / or 'if'; it constitutes an argument to a verb in the matrix clause, but it is always in the indicative form. Finally, though theoretically ϴ-roles do not have [+ interpretable] power at LF, they must be assigned to arguments at spell-out to produce grammatical sentences at LF in both languages.
In linguistics, the study of the structure of two languages that are not genetically related is t... more In linguistics, the study of the structure of two languages that are not genetically related is termed contrastive linguistics. English belongs to the Indo-European language family; while, Arabic pertains to Semitic languages. Studies of contrastive linguistics of Arabic and English syntax are very rare, with this one addressing the case theory and Arabic prepositions being a distinguished effort, perhaps less taken by researchers of contrastive linguistics. The book has its purpose as proffering an introduction of case theory and its principles as applied to Arabic syntax within the framework of Government and Binding Theory initiated by Chomsky in (1981). This theory accounts for the assignment of case to every phonetically realized NP by case assignor in the sentence.For instance, the nominative case is assigned by Finite INFL/T, the accusative by a verb, dative by a verb and a preposition and oblique cases (that is instrumental, commetative, and locative)are assigned by preposit...
The objective of this work is to examine the formal and informal universal features of complement... more The objective of this work is to examine the formal and informal universal features of complementize r in the mandative subjunctive structure used in English, Modern Standard Arabic and German with reference to Chomsky’s (1981 and1995) and Radford's (1988) views on Modern Linguistic Theory. This article is restricted to explaining such features of the category complementizer phrase which is selected by a verb and initiated by the complementizer ‘that’, an ‘that’ and dass ‘that’ for the three languages respectively. The researchers prove that the formal features of the languages are tense phrase, noun phrase, verb phrase and complementizers that serve as mood-force indicators are universal. They also find out that there are informal universal features, namely, (i) the nominative case, (ii) the theta marking of complementizer phrase and (iii) agreement –subject. Both features are unpredictable; thus, they constitute problems to the grammaticality of the sentence if they are not ch...
The research aims at explicating, for the first time, the crucial roles played by the thematic re... more The research aims at explicating, for the first time, the crucial roles played by the thematic relations in deciding the grammaticality of structures and determining the meaning of certain collocations found in the first ten verses (Ayas) of Surat Al-Shams from the Glorious Qur'an translated by Al-Hilali (1417, h). Although theta roles are abstract notions that appear at the spell-out level, they are maintained at the logical form because their omission defects not only the structure but also the translated meaning at all levels. Intuitively, collocations are idiosyncratic in nature and may convey meanings in segregation; however, in this work, they are to be studied in structures in relation to a predicate as they constitute arguments, namely, N", T", C" and P" that carry theta roles. It is argued that each argument is assigned a semantic role and each semantic role is assigned to each collocation to avoid confusion of interpretation at LF. The researcher also argues that theta roles are essential to determine the intended meaning in translation; therefore, they cannot be deleted at any level of syntax.
The objective of this work is to elaborate the phonological process of assimilation in controllin... more The objective of this work is to elaborate the phonological process of assimilation in controlling the output of phonological segments at the phonetic form in Modern Standard Arabic phonology in view of Schane’s (1973) perspective in generative phonology. The researcher suggests that are two types of assimilation, namely, (i) progressive and (ii) regressive. In each type, there is either a partial or total transfer of features to the adjacent segment so that the assimilated segments are classified into natural classes without influencing the semantic interpretation. The change is regarded partial if a segment changes its place but maintains its manner of articulation. However, the change is total if the same segment loses its manner of articulation whether the place is toughed or not. To get clear results, phonological rules are posited to check (i) which segments change, (ii) how they change and (ii) under what conditions they change. In case of variables, certain notations such as alpha, beta, sigma etc… are used to avoid confusions in results. Though gemination is seen similar to assimilation in the output at the phonetic form, it is a kind of consonant cluster in the base meant to create new lexical items which constitute minimal pairs with non geminated forms.
The objective of this work is to investigate the phonological features of nunation appear at the ... more The objective of this work is to investigate the phonological features of nunation appear at the end of an NP in Modern Standard Arabic and relate them to syntax and semantics in the light of Chomsky's (1995) views of Minimalist Program. Al-Jahaawi (1982, p. 10-11) has argued that the Arab phoneticians defined nunation as "a short vowel plus the nasal consonant n. The vowel is determined either by (i) its nature or (ii) its relation with other segments in articulation". The researcher agrees with this definition but added that there are other forms having the structure [v + n + v] in addition to [v + n]. Due to the multiple forms projected, he posits phonological rules to govern their phonemic occurrences. He, further, has argued that each form carries intrinsic as well as optional features in syntax and they are posited at spell-out but survived up to the logical form as per X-bartheory. In it, the NP with nunation is less in rank than the NP with the definite article al 'the' in the syntactic hierarchy as per the Extended Projection Principle. As far as the semantic features of nunation forms are concerned, a hypothesis is posited to account for the values of indefiniteness and non specificness in syntax and represent them concretely under [-Def. P].
The objective of this work is to decompose the semantic primes of the polysemous verb ţagha 'tran... more The objective of this work is to decompose the semantic primes of the polysemous verb ţagha 'transgressed' and qatala 'killed' in some verses of Holy Qura'n in a new manner with reference to Jackendoff's (1990) Semantic Theory. The researchers make use of the conceptual level to specify their conceptual structures and translate them correctly and then match the semantic compositions available with their syntactic counterparts with reference to Argument Structure Theory. The two levels of representations are linked by Semantic Projection Rules to determine the exact meaning intended in translation at the Logical Form. The researchers compare the interpretable as well as incorporated semantic features of the verbs in the verses with other situations in which the verb are used. Discrepancies in meanings because of polysemy will be taken care of with reference to the Theories of Argument Fusion and Incorporation. Semantic primes are represented at first by syntactic axioms and then fused into semantic concepts, namely, Thing, Event, State, Action, Place, Path, Property, Amount and Affect. These concepts lead to derive the final version of the wanted meaning for the verbs at LF. The researchers provided better versions of translation different from those already given by Palmer (1942), Dawood (1965), Khan (1970), Arberry (1980), Piekthel (1982) and Al-Hilali and Khan (1996).
The objectives: this research is meant to find correct phonological solutions to the deleted and ... more The objectives: this research is meant to find correct phonological solutions to the deleted and reduced segments at the underlying level of jussive verbs in Modern Standard Arabic. The methodology: to account for any phonological change in jussive, the researcher refers to Chomsky's and Halle's (1968) theoretical views on Generative Phonology. The results: the lax vowels [u & a] are deleted in jussive verbs if they are followed either by a consonant in one environment and the lax vowel [a] in another. The vowels [ā, ū & ī] are reduced if followed by a consonant and the lax vowel [a] of the definite article al 'the'. The conclusions: it is evident that the deletion and reduction of segments are not only syntactically motivated due to the occurrence of a jussive entity in the structure but also phonologically because there are certain specific environments in which such process take place.
The objective of this work is to investigate the syntactic properties of the empty category pro i... more The objective of this work is to investigate the syntactic properties of the empty category pro in Modern Standard Arabic syntax with reference to Chomsky's (1981-1995) on TGG and Jalabneh's (2007) Verb-movement. The syntactic properties are represented by the nominative case, case markers, requirement of Extended Projection Principle (EPP), substitution of expletives and deletion at the logical form. The study concludes that pro is assigned the nominative case at S-structure by INFL. It fulfills the requirement of EPP at all levels because of rich Agrs. There are various Agrs markers for pro; it cannot be replaced by expletive entities. It is obligatorily deleted at LF.
Al-Balqa Journal for Research and Studies البلقاء للبحوث والدراسات, 2013
An Arabic sentence is dealt with in this article as SVO at spell-out and VSO at the logical form ... more An Arabic sentence is dealt with in this article as SVO at spell-out and VSO at the logical form (LF). Thus, the objective of this study is to check the grammaticality of the mandative subjunctive structure in the absence of a case assignor for the nominative case. It also checks the relevant syntactic and semantic formal and informal features that support the grammaticality of mandative subjunctive at LF. To achieve the objectives, the researcher refers to Chomsky' s (1981, 1986a, 1986b and 1995) Minimalist Views and Radford' s (1988) Empty Tense Theory. The problem is to find out the actual nominative case assignor for the subjunctive subject in the absence of an overt tense. The study illustrates that the only case assignor for the nominative case in these types of structures in Arabic is the empty tense [e]. The formal features ([T],[D-], [P-] and ['an]) are proved to be parts of numeration, and they have [+interpretable] features at LF; however, informal features, namely, (nominative case, theta-marking and Agrs") are not. The study concludes that the complementizer ' an 'that' and the subjunctive marker [a] are necessary to be overt for the grammaticality of the subjunctive sentence. It is proved that a mandative subjunctive sentence occupies an argument position and must be theta marked at spell-out to render a well-formed sentence at the logical form. The study is significant because the researcher found syntactic solutions to the grammaticality of these types of structures in Arabic syntax.
Journal of Language Teaching and Research, Sep 1, 2012
The objective: this work is meant to assign the nominative case to the subject of the jussive str... more The objective: this work is meant to assign the nominative case to the subject of the jussive structure in Arabic syntax in the absence of a case assignor at all levels of syntax. The methodology: to give a justifiable solution to this problem, the researcher refers to Chomsky's (1981 and 1995) and Radford (1988) theoretical views on this issue. The results: though there is no overt tense to function as a case assignor to the subject, the jussive sentence is grammatical. It was claimed by the traditional grammarians that the subject is in the nominative due to the occurrence of the final overt morphological realizations. The conclusion: an overt subject N" or covert one liable to case cannot occur in a sentence without being governed by a case assignor; the researcher could find out that the nominative case assignor is the empty [T].
The objective of this work is to investigate the syntactic and semantic properties of the empty c... more The objective of this work is to investigate the syntactic and semantic properties of the empty categories PRO and pro in Modern Standard Arabic syntax. The problem: both of them are always syntactically covert at PF; semantically, though PRO bears same / or different theta roles from its anaphor at spell out, it leads to correct interpretation at LF; however, pro bears different theta roles that determine correct c-selection at spell out and lead to correct interpretations at LF. Conclusions: Syntactically PRO occupies, merely, the subject position of non- finite phrases; it does not check the nominative case since the phrases lack [Agrs, T]. However, pro occupies the subject position of finite clauses in (i) independent clause, (ii) embedding, (iii) subordinate and (iv) independent clauses related to weather (expletive) verbs; it checks the nominative case by [Agrs, T]. Semantically, PRO checks, merely, the theta roles of agent and experiencer; however, pro checks the theta roles ...
The objective of this work is to specify the actual structures of independent and dependent subor... more The objective of this work is to specify the actual structures of independent and dependent subordinate subjunctive clauses visible with the complementizer ?an ‘that’ at spell out and exclude mandative phrases in Modern Standard Arabic. The problems: There is a confusion to specify the actual structures of such phrases whether they are complementizer phrases [C”s] or tense phrases [T”s]. It is also difficulty to decide whether the phrases constitute arguments to check theta roles or not in the absence of a predicate. The theory: this issue is analyzed with reference to Chomsky's minimalist’s views (1995), Radford's (1988) and Jalabneh (2007, 2011, 2017). The conclusions: The structures are syntactically proved to be [C”s] but not [T”s] whether the complementizer ?an ‘that’ is overt at spell out or covert at PF; [C”s] as syntactic units do not constitute arguments for any predicate; thus; they do not check theta roles in Arabic syntax. The analysis shows also that whether the...
The objective of this article is to differentiate between mandative complementizer phrases from a... more The objective of this article is to differentiate between mandative complementizer phrases from adverbial subjunctive complementizer phrases whether they constitute argument structures to verbs or not in Arabic and English. As both phrases are initiated by complementizers, theoretically, the issue becomes a problem to decide whether every phrase initiated by a complementizer constitutes an argument structure or not though the complementizers might be deleted at LF in both languages. Thus, the researchers refer to Chomsky's (1981-1995) minimalist views to help us draw a clear distinction between them for better semantic interpretations at LF. The results illustrate that there are certain similarities and differences between the two languages; for instance, Arabic has mandative phrases that constitute argument structures but do not permit the complementizer ?an 'that' and the subjunctive marker [a] to be omitted at LF; likewise, English has mandative phrases that constitute arguments, but they permit the complementizer 'that' to be omitted at LF. Arabic has a unique independent adverbial subjunctive phrase initiated by ?anla 'not that', but it does not constitute an argument structure to any verb; however, English does not have this type of phrase. Arabic also has dependent adverbial subjunctive phrases initiated by the adjuncts (i) ?idh 'then', (ii) likai 'in order to', (iii) hatta 'until', li 'to' and li 'let'; they must be followed by the complementizer ?an 'that'; but, they do not form internal arguments to verbs. Arabic has a dependent complementizer phrase in the indicative initiated by ?ida 'if' which constitutes an argument and bears a theta role. Similarly, English has a dependent adverbial complementizer phrase initiated by the complementizer 'whether' / or 'if'; it constitutes an argument to a verb in the matrix clause, but it is always in the indicative form. Finally, though theoretically ϴ-roles do not have [+ interpretable] power at LF, they must be assigned to arguments at spell-out to produce grammatical sentences at LF in both languages.
In linguistics, the study of the structure of two languages that are not genetically related is t... more In linguistics, the study of the structure of two languages that are not genetically related is termed contrastive linguistics. English belongs to the Indo-European language family; while, Arabic pertains to Semitic languages. Studies of contrastive linguistics of Arabic and English syntax are very rare, with this one addressing the case theory and Arabic prepositions being a distinguished effort, perhaps less taken by researchers of contrastive linguistics. The book has its purpose as proffering an introduction of case theory and its principles as applied to Arabic syntax within the framework of Government and Binding Theory initiated by Chomsky in (1981). This theory accounts for the assignment of case to every phonetically realized NP by case assignor in the sentence.For instance, the nominative case is assigned by Finite INFL/T, the accusative by a verb, dative by a verb and a preposition and oblique cases (that is instrumental, commetative, and locative)are assigned by preposit...
The objective of this work is to examine the formal and informal universal features of complement... more The objective of this work is to examine the formal and informal universal features of complementize r in the mandative subjunctive structure used in English, Modern Standard Arabic and German with reference to Chomsky’s (1981 and1995) and Radford's (1988) views on Modern Linguistic Theory. This article is restricted to explaining such features of the category complementizer phrase which is selected by a verb and initiated by the complementizer ‘that’, an ‘that’ and dass ‘that’ for the three languages respectively. The researchers prove that the formal features of the languages are tense phrase, noun phrase, verb phrase and complementizers that serve as mood-force indicators are universal. They also find out that there are informal universal features, namely, (i) the nominative case, (ii) the theta marking of complementizer phrase and (iii) agreement –subject. Both features are unpredictable; thus, they constitute problems to the grammaticality of the sentence if they are not ch...
The research aims at explicating, for the first time, the crucial roles played by the thematic re... more The research aims at explicating, for the first time, the crucial roles played by the thematic relations in deciding the grammaticality of structures and determining the meaning of certain collocations found in the first ten verses (Ayas) of Surat Al-Shams from the Glorious Qur'an translated by Al-Hilali (1417, h). Although theta roles are abstract notions that appear at the spell-out level, they are maintained at the logical form because their omission defects not only the structure but also the translated meaning at all levels. Intuitively, collocations are idiosyncratic in nature and may convey meanings in segregation; however, in this work, they are to be studied in structures in relation to a predicate as they constitute arguments, namely, N", T", C" and P" that carry theta roles. It is argued that each argument is assigned a semantic role and each semantic role is assigned to each collocation to avoid confusion of interpretation at LF. The researcher also argues that theta roles are essential to determine the intended meaning in translation; therefore, they cannot be deleted at any level of syntax.
The objective of this work is to elaborate the phonological process of assimilation in controllin... more The objective of this work is to elaborate the phonological process of assimilation in controlling the output of phonological segments at the phonetic form in Modern Standard Arabic phonology in view of Schane’s (1973) perspective in generative phonology. The researcher suggests that are two types of assimilation, namely, (i) progressive and (ii) regressive. In each type, there is either a partial or total transfer of features to the adjacent segment so that the assimilated segments are classified into natural classes without influencing the semantic interpretation. The change is regarded partial if a segment changes its place but maintains its manner of articulation. However, the change is total if the same segment loses its manner of articulation whether the place is toughed or not. To get clear results, phonological rules are posited to check (i) which segments change, (ii) how they change and (ii) under what conditions they change. In case of variables, certain notations such as alpha, beta, sigma etc… are used to avoid confusions in results. Though gemination is seen similar to assimilation in the output at the phonetic form, it is a kind of consonant cluster in the base meant to create new lexical items which constitute minimal pairs with non geminated forms.
The objective of this work is to investigate the phonological features of nunation appear at the ... more The objective of this work is to investigate the phonological features of nunation appear at the end of an NP in Modern Standard Arabic and relate them to syntax and semantics in the light of Chomsky's (1995) views of Minimalist Program. Al-Jahaawi (1982, p. 10-11) has argued that the Arab phoneticians defined nunation as "a short vowel plus the nasal consonant n. The vowel is determined either by (i) its nature or (ii) its relation with other segments in articulation". The researcher agrees with this definition but added that there are other forms having the structure [v + n + v] in addition to [v + n]. Due to the multiple forms projected, he posits phonological rules to govern their phonemic occurrences. He, further, has argued that each form carries intrinsic as well as optional features in syntax and they are posited at spell-out but survived up to the logical form as per X-bartheory. In it, the NP with nunation is less in rank than the NP with the definite article al 'the' in the syntactic hierarchy as per the Extended Projection Principle. As far as the semantic features of nunation forms are concerned, a hypothesis is posited to account for the values of indefiniteness and non specificness in syntax and represent them concretely under [-Def. P].
The objective of this work is to decompose the semantic primes of the polysemous verb ţagha 'tran... more The objective of this work is to decompose the semantic primes of the polysemous verb ţagha 'transgressed' and qatala 'killed' in some verses of Holy Qura'n in a new manner with reference to Jackendoff's (1990) Semantic Theory. The researchers make use of the conceptual level to specify their conceptual structures and translate them correctly and then match the semantic compositions available with their syntactic counterparts with reference to Argument Structure Theory. The two levels of representations are linked by Semantic Projection Rules to determine the exact meaning intended in translation at the Logical Form. The researchers compare the interpretable as well as incorporated semantic features of the verbs in the verses with other situations in which the verb are used. Discrepancies in meanings because of polysemy will be taken care of with reference to the Theories of Argument Fusion and Incorporation. Semantic primes are represented at first by syntactic axioms and then fused into semantic concepts, namely, Thing, Event, State, Action, Place, Path, Property, Amount and Affect. These concepts lead to derive the final version of the wanted meaning for the verbs at LF. The researchers provided better versions of translation different from those already given by Palmer (1942), Dawood (1965), Khan (1970), Arberry (1980), Piekthel (1982) and Al-Hilali and Khan (1996).
The objectives: this research is meant to find correct phonological solutions to the deleted and ... more The objectives: this research is meant to find correct phonological solutions to the deleted and reduced segments at the underlying level of jussive verbs in Modern Standard Arabic. The methodology: to account for any phonological change in jussive, the researcher refers to Chomsky's and Halle's (1968) theoretical views on Generative Phonology. The results: the lax vowels [u & a] are deleted in jussive verbs if they are followed either by a consonant in one environment and the lax vowel [a] in another. The vowels [ā, ū & ī] are reduced if followed by a consonant and the lax vowel [a] of the definite article al 'the'. The conclusions: it is evident that the deletion and reduction of segments are not only syntactically motivated due to the occurrence of a jussive entity in the structure but also phonologically because there are certain specific environments in which such process take place.
The objective of this work is to investigate the syntactic properties of the empty category pro i... more The objective of this work is to investigate the syntactic properties of the empty category pro in Modern Standard Arabic syntax with reference to Chomsky's (1981-1995) on TGG and Jalabneh's (2007) Verb-movement. The syntactic properties are represented by the nominative case, case markers, requirement of Extended Projection Principle (EPP), substitution of expletives and deletion at the logical form. The study concludes that pro is assigned the nominative case at S-structure by INFL. It fulfills the requirement of EPP at all levels because of rich Agrs. There are various Agrs markers for pro; it cannot be replaced by expletive entities. It is obligatorily deleted at LF.
Al-Balqa Journal for Research and Studies البلقاء للبحوث والدراسات, 2013
An Arabic sentence is dealt with in this article as SVO at spell-out and VSO at the logical form ... more An Arabic sentence is dealt with in this article as SVO at spell-out and VSO at the logical form (LF). Thus, the objective of this study is to check the grammaticality of the mandative subjunctive structure in the absence of a case assignor for the nominative case. It also checks the relevant syntactic and semantic formal and informal features that support the grammaticality of mandative subjunctive at LF. To achieve the objectives, the researcher refers to Chomsky' s (1981, 1986a, 1986b and 1995) Minimalist Views and Radford' s (1988) Empty Tense Theory. The problem is to find out the actual nominative case assignor for the subjunctive subject in the absence of an overt tense. The study illustrates that the only case assignor for the nominative case in these types of structures in Arabic is the empty tense [e]. The formal features ([T],[D-], [P-] and ['an]) are proved to be parts of numeration, and they have [+interpretable] features at LF; however, informal features, namely, (nominative case, theta-marking and Agrs") are not. The study concludes that the complementizer ' an 'that' and the subjunctive marker [a] are necessary to be overt for the grammaticality of the subjunctive sentence. It is proved that a mandative subjunctive sentence occupies an argument position and must be theta marked at spell-out to render a well-formed sentence at the logical form. The study is significant because the researcher found syntactic solutions to the grammaticality of these types of structures in Arabic syntax.
Journal of Language Teaching and Research, Sep 1, 2012
The objective: this work is meant to assign the nominative case to the subject of the jussive str... more The objective: this work is meant to assign the nominative case to the subject of the jussive structure in Arabic syntax in the absence of a case assignor at all levels of syntax. The methodology: to give a justifiable solution to this problem, the researcher refers to Chomsky's (1981 and 1995) and Radford (1988) theoretical views on this issue. The results: though there is no overt tense to function as a case assignor to the subject, the jussive sentence is grammatical. It was claimed by the traditional grammarians that the subject is in the nominative due to the occurrence of the final overt morphological realizations. The conclusion: an overt subject N" or covert one liable to case cannot occur in a sentence without being governed by a case assignor; the researcher could find out that the nominative case assignor is the empty [T].
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