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arezoo yari

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Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Emmanuel Azuike

Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam Campus

Narges Khanjani

Kerman Medical University

Antonio Ponce de Leon

UERJ - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / Rio de Janeiro State University

University of Maryland, College Park

Arthur Reingold

University of California, Berkeley

Cassia M Buchalla

Universidade de São Paulo

Makerere University

Prosper O B U N I K E M Adogu

Nnamdi Azikiwe University

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Papers by arezoo yari

Nurses’ experiences of providing medical services during the Kermanshah earthquake in Iran: a qualitative study

BMC Emergency Medicine, Jan 6, 2024

Background Nurses have always been at the forefront of providing services for victims of disaster... more Background Nurses have always been at the forefront of providing services for victims of disasters. Using nurses' experiences in disaster planning can play an important role in improving their readiness to provide healthcare during disasters. The objective of this study is not only to understand the challenges but also to explore and document the broader spectrum of experiences encountered by nurses in these critical situations. By focusing on their experiences, we aim to contribute valuable insights to enhance disaster preparedness and healthcare delivery strategies. Methods This qualitative study employed the content analysis method to describe the experiences of 16 earthquake relief nurses in Kermanshah, Iran. Sampling was done purposefully and continued until data saturation was achieved. Initially, two unstructured interviews were conducted to shape the interview's main line and refine guide questions. Subsequently, the study involved semi-structured interviews and observation notes for a nuanced understanding of the participants' experiences. Results In the analysis of the interviews, 920 codes were obtained and the nurses' experiences were categorized into three main categories: personal experiences, operational experiences, and social and cultural experiences. These three categories covered 12 subcategories. Conclusion Results of describing nurses' experiences in the Kermanshah earthquake showed that nurses need to plan and implement necessary measures to ensure pre-disaster preparedness to respond effectively to disasters such as earthquakes. Besides, it is necessary to prepare, train and practice these interventions regularly, periodically, and purposefully. They should be evaluated and updated if they are used in a real earthquake or practice and maneuver.

Psychometric properties of the Persian version of Social Capital Questionnaire in Iran

PubMed, 2014

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of Social Capita... more Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of Social Capital Questionnaire ( SCQ) developed by Onyx and Bullen (2000) among a sample of medical science students in Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran and to compare the factor analysis with findings from two previous studies in Australia and the United States. Methods: Multistage cluster sampling was employed to recruit 293 medical science students (Male: 95/Female: 198) from 7 faculties in Tehran University of Medical Sciences. After translating SCQ into Persian applying back-translation technique and three-stage consensus panel, the questionnaires administered to the respondents and they were asked to complete them. Statistical Analysis was performed using SPSS version 16.0 for Windows. Results: Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted to evaluate factor structure of the Persian SCQ (PSCQ),which showed a moderate replicability, validity, and reliability (Cronbach alpha= .79) to those found in previous studies. Twelve factors extracted with eight values greater than 1 which altogether accounted for 76.23% of the total variance. Applying Cattell's scree test, it was indicated that between seven and eight factor sextracted. The correlations between factors were detected in the low (at the lowest 0.002) to modest (at the highest 0.614) range. Conclusion: The differences found in the factor analysis between the studies may be ascribed to the various types of populations studied. Despite the difference in populations studied, our findings support the meaningful nessof P-SCQ as an instrument that is worthy of further attention for use in social health researches, although more studies are recommended to help researchers in comparing its variety in dimensions of different communities.

Investigating the risk factors of flood deaths in Iran

DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals - DOAJ, 2022

War, displacement, and the best location for temporary sheltering: a qualitative study

BMC Public Health

Background One of the most important consequences of man-made disasters in the world is the loss ... more Background One of the most important consequences of man-made disasters in the world is the loss of homes and, ultimately, forced population displacement. The sheltering of forcibly refugees to safe areas requires the study of scientific criteria. Methods This qualitative content analysis study was conducted in Iran to identify the criteria for the sheltering of refugees due to conflict. Participants in the study comprised experts and managers who had expertise, experience, or knowledge in the shelter for refugees. Data was collected in semi-structured interviews with 20 individuals and analyzed by qualitative content analysis to extract and categorize the factors affecting sheltering for refugees. Results The results of this study showed that a wide range of factors should be considered in the sheltering of refugees due to conflict, including land type, access to facilities, access to infrastructures, homogeneity, and similarities, security, distance from danger, environmental fact...

COVID-19: Twelve Tips for Crisis Management

Additional file 1 of Frequency and determinants of domestic violence against Iranian women during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national cross-sectional survey

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. The items of domestic violence during quarantine scale.

Deadly floods and their causal factors: A case-control study in Iran between 2005 and 2018

International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction

Criteria for Locating Temporary Shelters for Refugees of Conflicts: A Systematic Review

Iranian Journal of Public Health

Background: We aimed to identify the indicators and criteria to locate temporary shelters for con... more Background: We aimed to identify the indicators and criteria to locate temporary shelters for conflict refugees. Methods: This systematic review evaluated the full-text of the related articles in international electronic databases, such as Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Cochran, and Google Scholar from the beginning and without time limit to 1 June 2019. In addition, this search was based on a strategy developed by the researchers. The studies were selected regardless of their methods and two data extraction forms were used to extract the most relevant and important information. Results: Among 10124 cases of primary documents, 38 articles were selected, and 25 articles were analyzed in full-text. Totally, 45 indicators were identified and classified into two main categories of physical and non-physical indicators with six subcategories of land ownership, host government, access to infrastructures, site safety, land characteristics, and economic, social, and cultural considerations....

COVID-19: 12 Tips for Crisis Management

Health in Emergencies & Disasters Quarterly, 2022

Biological events can rapidly spread throughout the world. The COVID-19 pandemic once again affir... more Biological events can rapidly spread throughout the world. The COVID-19 pandemic once again affirmed that the emergence of infectious agents could occur anytime and anywhere worldwide due to international travels and commercial relationships [1]. The pandemic of COVID-19 showed that despite the advances in medical sciences, the outbreak of unknown diseases is probable at any time [2]. Although the COVID-19 pandemic is a global health emergency, it cannot be resolved simply by medical and preventive measures. In other words, this crisis cannot be overcome without considering and applying the principles of disaster risk reduction and management (DRRM). This issue might be one of the reasons for the confusion and mismanagement that people witness everywhere. DRRM principles include disaster risk reduction (DRR) and disaster risk management (DRM). DDR reduces the damage caused by natural disasters, and DRM performs management activities to correct and mitigate disaster risk during a sys...

Additional file 2 of Disaster safety assessment of primary healthcare facilities: a cross-sectional study in Kurdistan province of Iran

Additional file 2.

Additional file 1 of Disaster safety assessment of primary healthcare facilities: a cross-sectional study in Kurdistan province of Iran

Additional file 1. Disaster Safety Assessment, Healthcare Facilities Checklist. this checklist us... more

Behavioral, health- related and demographic risk factors of death in floods: A case-control study

PLOS ONE, 2021

During the first half of 2019, many provinces of Iran were affected by floods, which claimed the ... more During the first half of 2019, many provinces of Iran were affected by floods, which claimed the lives of 82 people. The present study aimed to investigate the behavioral, health related and demographic risk factors associated with deaths due to floods. We measured the odds ratio and investigated the contribution and significance of the factors in relation to mortality. This case-control study was conducted in the cities affected by flood in Iran. Data were collected on the flood victims using a questionnaire. Survivors, a member of the flood victim’s family, were interviewed. In total, 77 subjects completed the survey in the case group, and 310 subjects completed the survey in the control group. The findings indicated that factors such as the age of less than 18 years, low literacy, being trapped in buildings/cars, and risky behaviors increased the risk of flood deaths. Regarding the behavioral factors, perceived/real swimming skills increased the risk of flood deaths although it m...

Measuring the constructs of health literacy in the Iranian adult Kurdish population

BMC Public Health, 2021

Background Health literacy is essential to self-care, which is an important precedence to improve... more Background Health literacy is essential to self-care, which is an important precedence to improve the quality of healthcare services and a key factor in health. It also plays a pivotal role in decision-making in various health fields. Therefore, policymakers consider health literacy to be a primary tool to promote community health and enhance the proper use of healthcare services. The present study aimed to assess the health literacy status of the Kurdish population in Kurdistan province, Iran based on the nine constructs of the Iranian health literacy questionnaire (IHLQ) individually and collectively and determine the significant effects of demographic variables on health literacy. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on the Iranian adult Kurdish population living in the urban and rural areas of Kurdistan province, willing to participate during April 2017–September 2018. Data were collected using the IHLQ. The sample size was determined to be 980 people, with 490 in th...

Disaster Safety Assessment in Primary Healthcare Facilities: A Cross-Sectional Study, Kurdistan, Iran

Primary Healthcare facilities in Iran deliver health services at all levels nationwide. Resilienc... more Primary Healthcare facilities in Iran deliver health services at all levels nationwide. Resiliency and flexibility of such facilities is important when a disaster occurs. Thus, evaluating functional, structural, and non-structural aspects of safety of these facilities is essential. In this cross-sectional study, using the safety evaluation checklist of primary healthcare centers provided by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, 805 health centers in Kurdistan Province were evaluated in terms of functional, structural, and non-structural safety. The levels of total, functional, structural, and non-structural safety were equal to 28.7, 23.8, 20.2, and 42.3 out of 100 respectively. Regarding the functional preparedness, the highest score was related to rapid response team, while the lowest score was belonged to financial affairs. Nevertheless, in structural and non-structural areas, the scores of different items were almost similar to one another. Both Iran and Kurdistan Provin...

Prioritization Community Selection Criteria for Community-Based Disaster Risk Reduction Intervention

Hakim Research Journal, 2019

Assessing health-related consequences of land mine explosions in Kurdistan province during the last 37 years: 1980-2017

Hakim Research Journal, 2018

Background:The massive un-exploded landmines in Iran every year take many victims among the citiz... more Background:The massive un-exploded landmines in Iran every year take many victims among the citizens of the landmine areas. The aim of this study was to investigate the health-related consequences of landmine explosions in Kurdistan province. Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 2017. An active sampling approach was carried out in urban and rural areas of Kurdistan province. Data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire. Reliability and validity of the questionnaire were calculated. Overall, 410 cases were recruited. Data analysis was performed using SPSS V. 22 software. Results:32.4% of the victims were immediately killed after landmine explosions and 67.6% of the survivors were living with injuries and various disabilities. The most prevalent injury was the amputation of at least one upper or lower limb with the rate of 63.5%. The prevalence rates of complete blindness and deafness were 9.8% and 1.5%, respectively. Conclusions:In order to prevent and m...

Factors Affecting the Effectiveness of Hospital Incident Command System; Findings from a Systematic Review

Bulletin of Emergency & Trauma, 2020

Objective: To examine all aspects affecting the functioning of the system and the most important ... more Objective: To examine all aspects affecting the functioning of the system and the most important factors in its assessment through a systematic review during 1990 to 2017. Methods: This systematic review of the current literature study was conducted during July 2017, and all articles, books, guidelines, manuals and dissertations pertaining to the Incident Command System were analyzed. A total of articles and relevant documents were identified and finally these articles, which we found, were analyzed based on the specified indicators. Results: In this research 992 articles and relevant documents were identified and eventually, 48 articles were included and analyzed. The results were categorized into 6 main groups including 65 subgroups and 221 variables: features of hospital incident command system (14 subgroups and 53 variables), strengths of the system (15 subgroups and 70 variables), weaknesses of the system (10 subgroups and 15 variables), factors influencing the system's per...

Scale Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Preoperative Assessment of Readiness Tool

Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing, 2017

Technology has greatly advanced surgical capacity; however, the patient's perspective of surgical... more Technology has greatly advanced surgical capacity; however, the patient's perspective of surgical readiness remains unexplored. There is also a paucity of psychometrically sound instruments quantifying surgical readiness. Hence, this study developed and psychometrically evaluated the Preoperative Assessment of Readiness Tool (PART). Design: A methodological study. Methods: An initial 25-item questionnaire was developed after preliminary interviews and literature review. Psychometrics included content and construct validity and internal consistency. PART was tested on 210 purposively selected preoperative patients and preliminary factor analyses examined two random halves of the sample. Findings: The questionnaire was reduced to 21 items after content validation and was further reduced to 15 items after preliminary factor analyses. Final factor analysis extracted two factors: quality information acquisition and supportive interpersonal care assimilation. Scale reliability was 0.97 with acceptable subscale reliability. Conclusions: The 15-item Preoperative Assessment of Readiness Tool demonstrated satisfactory psychometrics in assessing perceived surgical readiness. Nonetheless, further analysis is warranted to guarantee robust cross-cultural and cross-geographical comparisons.

Prevalence and Determinants of Sexual Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in the City of Marivan, Iran

Journal of Family & Reproductive Health, 2013

Objective The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of sexual intimate partner violenc... more Objective The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of sexual intimate partner violence (SIPV) and to investigate its associated factors among women attending public obstetrics, genecology, and family planning health services of the city of Marivan, Iran. Materials and methods This multistage cluster sampling study recruited 770 women attending the public obstetrics, gynecology and family planning health services of the city of Marivan from May to November, 2009. Results Our findings confirmed that about one-third of the women experienced SIPV (32.9%). Statistically significant differences were found (p < .001) in SIPV by almost all demographic and characteristic variables. Woman's circumcision, forced marriage, spouse's infidelity, level of sexual desire, woman's pleasure from intercourse, and spouse's inattention to woman's sexual satisfaction during intercourse were statistically significant predictors of SIPV, and also, were accounted for 61.8% ...

Disaster safety assessment of primary healthcare facilities: a cross-sectional study in Kurdistan province of Iran

Background Kurdistan province of Iran is among disaster prone areas of the country. The Primary H... more Background Kurdistan province of Iran is among disaster prone areas of the country. The Primary Health Care facilities in Iran deliver health services at all levels nationwide. Resiliency and flexibility of such facilities is important when a disaster occurs. Thus, evaluating functional, structural, and non-structural aspects of safety of such facilities is essential. Methods In this cross-sectional study, the instrument used to evaluate four sections of functional, structural, non-structural, and total safety of 805 healthcare facilities in Kurdistan Province was the safety evaluation checklist of primary healthcare centers, provided by the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education. Each section scored from 0 to 100 points, and each section of the safety was classified to three safety classes according to their total score: low (≤34.0), average (34.01–66.0) and high (> 66.0). Results The levels of functional, structural, non-structural and total safety were equal to 23.8,...

Nurses’ experiences of providing medical services during the Kermanshah earthquake in Iran: a qualitative study

BMC Emergency Medicine, Jan 6, 2024

Background Nurses have always been at the forefront of providing services for victims of disaster... more Background Nurses have always been at the forefront of providing services for victims of disasters. Using nurses' experiences in disaster planning can play an important role in improving their readiness to provide healthcare during disasters. The objective of this study is not only to understand the challenges but also to explore and document the broader spectrum of experiences encountered by nurses in these critical situations. By focusing on their experiences, we aim to contribute valuable insights to enhance disaster preparedness and healthcare delivery strategies. Methods This qualitative study employed the content analysis method to describe the experiences of 16 earthquake relief nurses in Kermanshah, Iran. Sampling was done purposefully and continued until data saturation was achieved. Initially, two unstructured interviews were conducted to shape the interview's main line and refine guide questions. Subsequently, the study involved semi-structured interviews and observation notes for a nuanced understanding of the participants' experiences. Results In the analysis of the interviews, 920 codes were obtained and the nurses' experiences were categorized into three main categories: personal experiences, operational experiences, and social and cultural experiences. These three categories covered 12 subcategories. Conclusion Results of describing nurses' experiences in the Kermanshah earthquake showed that nurses need to plan and implement necessary measures to ensure pre-disaster preparedness to respond effectively to disasters such as earthquakes. Besides, it is necessary to prepare, train and practice these interventions regularly, periodically, and purposefully. They should be evaluated and updated if they are used in a real earthquake or practice and maneuver.

Psychometric properties of the Persian version of Social Capital Questionnaire in Iran

PubMed, 2014

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of Social Capita... more Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of Social Capital Questionnaire ( SCQ) developed by Onyx and Bullen (2000) among a sample of medical science students in Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran and to compare the factor analysis with findings from two previous studies in Australia and the United States. Methods: Multistage cluster sampling was employed to recruit 293 medical science students (Male: 95/Female: 198) from 7 faculties in Tehran University of Medical Sciences. After translating SCQ into Persian applying back-translation technique and three-stage consensus panel, the questionnaires administered to the respondents and they were asked to complete them. Statistical Analysis was performed using SPSS version 16.0 for Windows. Results: Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted to evaluate factor structure of the Persian SCQ (PSCQ),which showed a moderate replicability, validity, and reliability (Cronbach alpha= .79) to those found in previous studies. Twelve factors extracted with eight values greater than 1 which altogether accounted for 76.23% of the total variance. Applying Cattell's scree test, it was indicated that between seven and eight factor sextracted. The correlations between factors were detected in the low (at the lowest 0.002) to modest (at the highest 0.614) range. Conclusion: The differences found in the factor analysis between the studies may be ascribed to the various types of populations studied. Despite the difference in populations studied, our findings support the meaningful nessof P-SCQ as an instrument that is worthy of further attention for use in social health researches, although more studies are recommended to help researchers in comparing its variety in dimensions of different communities.

Investigating the risk factors of flood deaths in Iran

DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals - DOAJ, 2022

War, displacement, and the best location for temporary sheltering: a qualitative study

BMC Public Health

Background One of the most important consequences of man-made disasters in the world is the loss ... more Background One of the most important consequences of man-made disasters in the world is the loss of homes and, ultimately, forced population displacement. The sheltering of forcibly refugees to safe areas requires the study of scientific criteria. Methods This qualitative content analysis study was conducted in Iran to identify the criteria for the sheltering of refugees due to conflict. Participants in the study comprised experts and managers who had expertise, experience, or knowledge in the shelter for refugees. Data was collected in semi-structured interviews with 20 individuals and analyzed by qualitative content analysis to extract and categorize the factors affecting sheltering for refugees. Results The results of this study showed that a wide range of factors should be considered in the sheltering of refugees due to conflict, including land type, access to facilities, access to infrastructures, homogeneity, and similarities, security, distance from danger, environmental fact...

COVID-19: Twelve Tips for Crisis Management

Additional file 1 of Frequency and determinants of domestic violence against Iranian women during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national cross-sectional survey

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. The items of domestic violence during quarantine scale.

Deadly floods and their causal factors: A case-control study in Iran between 2005 and 2018

International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction

Criteria for Locating Temporary Shelters for Refugees of Conflicts: A Systematic Review

Iranian Journal of Public Health

Background: We aimed to identify the indicators and criteria to locate temporary shelters for con... more Background: We aimed to identify the indicators and criteria to locate temporary shelters for conflict refugees. Methods: This systematic review evaluated the full-text of the related articles in international electronic databases, such as Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Cochran, and Google Scholar from the beginning and without time limit to 1 June 2019. In addition, this search was based on a strategy developed by the researchers. The studies were selected regardless of their methods and two data extraction forms were used to extract the most relevant and important information. Results: Among 10124 cases of primary documents, 38 articles were selected, and 25 articles were analyzed in full-text. Totally, 45 indicators were identified and classified into two main categories of physical and non-physical indicators with six subcategories of land ownership, host government, access to infrastructures, site safety, land characteristics, and economic, social, and cultural considerations....

COVID-19: 12 Tips for Crisis Management

Health in Emergencies & Disasters Quarterly, 2022

Biological events can rapidly spread throughout the world. The COVID-19 pandemic once again affir... more Biological events can rapidly spread throughout the world. The COVID-19 pandemic once again affirmed that the emergence of infectious agents could occur anytime and anywhere worldwide due to international travels and commercial relationships [1]. The pandemic of COVID-19 showed that despite the advances in medical sciences, the outbreak of unknown diseases is probable at any time [2]. Although the COVID-19 pandemic is a global health emergency, it cannot be resolved simply by medical and preventive measures. In other words, this crisis cannot be overcome without considering and applying the principles of disaster risk reduction and management (DRRM). This issue might be one of the reasons for the confusion and mismanagement that people witness everywhere. DRRM principles include disaster risk reduction (DRR) and disaster risk management (DRM). DDR reduces the damage caused by natural disasters, and DRM performs management activities to correct and mitigate disaster risk during a sys...

Additional file 2 of Disaster safety assessment of primary healthcare facilities: a cross-sectional study in Kurdistan province of Iran

Additional file 2.

Additional file 1 of Disaster safety assessment of primary healthcare facilities: a cross-sectional study in Kurdistan province of Iran

Additional file 1. Disaster Safety Assessment, Healthcare Facilities Checklist. this checklist us... more

Behavioral, health- related and demographic risk factors of death in floods: A case-control study

PLOS ONE, 2021

During the first half of 2019, many provinces of Iran were affected by floods, which claimed the ... more During the first half of 2019, many provinces of Iran were affected by floods, which claimed the lives of 82 people. The present study aimed to investigate the behavioral, health related and demographic risk factors associated with deaths due to floods. We measured the odds ratio and investigated the contribution and significance of the factors in relation to mortality. This case-control study was conducted in the cities affected by flood in Iran. Data were collected on the flood victims using a questionnaire. Survivors, a member of the flood victim’s family, were interviewed. In total, 77 subjects completed the survey in the case group, and 310 subjects completed the survey in the control group. The findings indicated that factors such as the age of less than 18 years, low literacy, being trapped in buildings/cars, and risky behaviors increased the risk of flood deaths. Regarding the behavioral factors, perceived/real swimming skills increased the risk of flood deaths although it m...

Measuring the constructs of health literacy in the Iranian adult Kurdish population

BMC Public Health, 2021

Background Health literacy is essential to self-care, which is an important precedence to improve... more Background Health literacy is essential to self-care, which is an important precedence to improve the quality of healthcare services and a key factor in health. It also plays a pivotal role in decision-making in various health fields. Therefore, policymakers consider health literacy to be a primary tool to promote community health and enhance the proper use of healthcare services. The present study aimed to assess the health literacy status of the Kurdish population in Kurdistan province, Iran based on the nine constructs of the Iranian health literacy questionnaire (IHLQ) individually and collectively and determine the significant effects of demographic variables on health literacy. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on the Iranian adult Kurdish population living in the urban and rural areas of Kurdistan province, willing to participate during April 2017–September 2018. Data were collected using the IHLQ. The sample size was determined to be 980 people, with 490 in th...

Disaster Safety Assessment in Primary Healthcare Facilities: A Cross-Sectional Study, Kurdistan, Iran

Primary Healthcare facilities in Iran deliver health services at all levels nationwide. Resilienc... more Primary Healthcare facilities in Iran deliver health services at all levels nationwide. Resiliency and flexibility of such facilities is important when a disaster occurs. Thus, evaluating functional, structural, and non-structural aspects of safety of these facilities is essential. In this cross-sectional study, using the safety evaluation checklist of primary healthcare centers provided by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, 805 health centers in Kurdistan Province were evaluated in terms of functional, structural, and non-structural safety. The levels of total, functional, structural, and non-structural safety were equal to 28.7, 23.8, 20.2, and 42.3 out of 100 respectively. Regarding the functional preparedness, the highest score was related to rapid response team, while the lowest score was belonged to financial affairs. Nevertheless, in structural and non-structural areas, the scores of different items were almost similar to one another. Both Iran and Kurdistan Provin...

Prioritization Community Selection Criteria for Community-Based Disaster Risk Reduction Intervention

Hakim Research Journal, 2019

Assessing health-related consequences of land mine explosions in Kurdistan province during the last 37 years: 1980-2017

Hakim Research Journal, 2018

Background:The massive un-exploded landmines in Iran every year take many victims among the citiz... more Background:The massive un-exploded landmines in Iran every year take many victims among the citizens of the landmine areas. The aim of this study was to investigate the health-related consequences of landmine explosions in Kurdistan province. Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 2017. An active sampling approach was carried out in urban and rural areas of Kurdistan province. Data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire. Reliability and validity of the questionnaire were calculated. Overall, 410 cases were recruited. Data analysis was performed using SPSS V. 22 software. Results:32.4% of the victims were immediately killed after landmine explosions and 67.6% of the survivors were living with injuries and various disabilities. The most prevalent injury was the amputation of at least one upper or lower limb with the rate of 63.5%. The prevalence rates of complete blindness and deafness were 9.8% and 1.5%, respectively. Conclusions:In order to prevent and m...

Factors Affecting the Effectiveness of Hospital Incident Command System; Findings from a Systematic Review

Bulletin of Emergency & Trauma, 2020

Objective: To examine all aspects affecting the functioning of the system and the most important ... more Objective: To examine all aspects affecting the functioning of the system and the most important factors in its assessment through a systematic review during 1990 to 2017. Methods: This systematic review of the current literature study was conducted during July 2017, and all articles, books, guidelines, manuals and dissertations pertaining to the Incident Command System were analyzed. A total of articles and relevant documents were identified and finally these articles, which we found, were analyzed based on the specified indicators. Results: In this research 992 articles and relevant documents were identified and eventually, 48 articles were included and analyzed. The results were categorized into 6 main groups including 65 subgroups and 221 variables: features of hospital incident command system (14 subgroups and 53 variables), strengths of the system (15 subgroups and 70 variables), weaknesses of the system (10 subgroups and 15 variables), factors influencing the system's per...

Scale Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Preoperative Assessment of Readiness Tool

Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing, 2017

Technology has greatly advanced surgical capacity; however, the patient's perspective of surgical... more Technology has greatly advanced surgical capacity; however, the patient's perspective of surgical readiness remains unexplored. There is also a paucity of psychometrically sound instruments quantifying surgical readiness. Hence, this study developed and psychometrically evaluated the Preoperative Assessment of Readiness Tool (PART). Design: A methodological study. Methods: An initial 25-item questionnaire was developed after preliminary interviews and literature review. Psychometrics included content and construct validity and internal consistency. PART was tested on 210 purposively selected preoperative patients and preliminary factor analyses examined two random halves of the sample. Findings: The questionnaire was reduced to 21 items after content validation and was further reduced to 15 items after preliminary factor analyses. Final factor analysis extracted two factors: quality information acquisition and supportive interpersonal care assimilation. Scale reliability was 0.97 with acceptable subscale reliability. Conclusions: The 15-item Preoperative Assessment of Readiness Tool demonstrated satisfactory psychometrics in assessing perceived surgical readiness. Nonetheless, further analysis is warranted to guarantee robust cross-cultural and cross-geographical comparisons.

Prevalence and Determinants of Sexual Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in the City of Marivan, Iran

Journal of Family & Reproductive Health, 2013

Objective The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of sexual intimate partner violenc... more Objective The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of sexual intimate partner violence (SIPV) and to investigate its associated factors among women attending public obstetrics, genecology, and family planning health services of the city of Marivan, Iran. Materials and methods This multistage cluster sampling study recruited 770 women attending the public obstetrics, gynecology and family planning health services of the city of Marivan from May to November, 2009. Results Our findings confirmed that about one-third of the women experienced SIPV (32.9%). Statistically significant differences were found (p < .001) in SIPV by almost all demographic and characteristic variables. Woman's circumcision, forced marriage, spouse's infidelity, level of sexual desire, woman's pleasure from intercourse, and spouse's inattention to woman's sexual satisfaction during intercourse were statistically significant predictors of SIPV, and also, were accounted for 61.8% ...

Disaster safety assessment of primary healthcare facilities: a cross-sectional study in Kurdistan province of Iran

Background Kurdistan province of Iran is among disaster prone areas of the country. The Primary H... more Background Kurdistan province of Iran is among disaster prone areas of the country. The Primary Health Care facilities in Iran deliver health services at all levels nationwide. Resiliency and flexibility of such facilities is important when a disaster occurs. Thus, evaluating functional, structural, and non-structural aspects of safety of such facilities is essential. Methods In this cross-sectional study, the instrument used to evaluate four sections of functional, structural, non-structural, and total safety of 805 healthcare facilities in Kurdistan Province was the safety evaluation checklist of primary healthcare centers, provided by the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education. Each section scored from 0 to 100 points, and each section of the safety was classified to three safety classes according to their total score: low (≤34.0), average (34.01–66.0) and high (> 66.0). Results The levels of functional, structural, non-structural and total safety were equal to 23.8,...