This paper discusses the 2009 presidenlial eleclions)on by the incambent candidate Susilo Banban ... more This paper discusses the 2009 presidenlial eleclions)on by the incambent candidate Susilo Banban g Budiyono (SB Y) rrith his partner Boediono. In addilion to perJomlancefactors tuat resuu in the popularity ofcandidate needfor good managemenL especially on political advertising campaigns on television by polilical consuhanls to maintain or imprcve the imoge ofthe candidate. The political issues that are presenled in polilical advertising should be based on facts and credible sol/rces and consbacted in accordance with community expectations. Messages musl be positive, the efectiveness can be achieved. Management of the Fox campoign against political advertising SBy Indonesia, can maintain popularitj ond raised the image and reputotion of presidential candiilate atld his running mate, ih addition to otherfa.to^ lhat inluence oa polilical advertising iluing elections so thal SBy-Boediono $)as elecled President and hce President 2009 period-2014. Political advertising on telerision as an "air atlack" v)hich can rcach targets up to ftom dosmestik households should also be an educational evenl for people lo lead a better democrucy. Because ofpolitical advertising o tele\)isiotl is an ellective lool and relevanl campaigns to persuade the pub lic cons tituencl.
Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, 2015
We consider how to assign labels to any undirected graph with n nodes such that, given the labels... more We consider how to assign labels to any undirected graph with n nodes such that, given the labels of two nodes and no other information regarding the graph, it is possible to determine the distance between the two nodes. The challenge in such a distance labeling scheme is primarily to minimize the maximum label lenght and secondarily to minimize the time needed to answer distance queries (decoding). Previous schemes have offered different trade-offs between label lengths and query time. This paper presents a simple algorithm with shorter labels and shorter query time than any previous solution, thereby improving the state-of-the-art with respect to both label length and query time in one single algorithm. Our solution addresses several open problems concerning label length and decoding time and is the first improvement of label length for more than three decades. More specifically, we present a distance labeling scheme with labels of length log 3 2 n + o(n) bits 1 and constant decoding time. This outperforms all existing results with respect to both size and decoding time, including Winkler's (Combinatorica 1983) decade-old result, which uses labels of size (log 3)n and O(n/ log n) decoding time, and Gavoille et al. (SODA'01), which uses labels of size 11n + o(n) and O(log log n) decoding time. In addition, our algorithm is simpler than the previous ones. In the case of integral edge weights of size at most W , we present almost matching upper and lower bounds for the label size ℓ: . Furthermore, for r-additive approximation labeling schemes, where distances can be off by up to an additive constant r, we present both upper and lower bounds. In particular, we present an upper bound for 1-additive approximation schemes which, in the unweighted case, has the same size (ignoring second order terms) as an adjacency labeling scheme, namely n/2. We also give results for bipartite graphs as well as for exact and 1-additive distance oracles.
This paper discusses the 2009 presidential elections won by the incumbent candidate Susilo Bamban... more This paper discusses the 2009 presidential elections won by the incumbent candidate Susilo Bambang Budiyono (SBY) with his partner Boediono. In addition to performance factors that result in the popularity of candidate need for good management, especially on political advertising campaigns on television by political consultants to maintain or improve the image of the candidate. The political issues that are presented in political advertising should be based on facts and credible sources and constructed in accordance with community expectations. Messages must be positive, the effectiveness can be achieved. Management of the Fox campaign against political advertising SBY Indonesia, can maintain popularity and raised the image and reputation of presidential candidate and his running mate, in addition to other factors that influence on political advertising during elections so that SBY-Boediono was elected President and Vice President 2009 period -2014. Political advertising on televisi...
This paper discusses the 2009 presidenlial eleclions)on by the incambent candidate Susilo Banban ... more This paper discusses the 2009 presidenlial eleclions)on by the incambent candidate Susilo Banban g Budiyono (SB Y) rrith his partner Boediono. In addilion to perJomlancefactors tuat resuu in the popularity ofcandidate needfor good managemenL especially on political advertising campaigns on television by polilical consuhanls to maintain or imprcve the imoge ofthe candidate. The political issues that are presenled in polilical advertising should be based on facts and credible sol/rces and consbacted in accordance with community expectations. Messages musl be positive, the efectiveness can be achieved. Management of the Fox campoign against political advertising SBy Indonesia, can maintain popularitj ond raised the image and reputotion of presidential candiilate atld his running mate, ih addition to otherfa.to^ lhat inluence oa polilical advertising iluing elections so thal SBy-Boediono $)as elecled President and hce President 2009 period-2014. Political advertising on telerision as an "air atlack" v)hich can rcach targets up to ftom dosmestik households should also be an educational evenl for people lo lead a better democrucy. Because ofpolitical advertising o tele\)isiotl is an ellective lool and relevanl campaigns to persuade the pub lic cons tituencl.
Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, 2015
We consider how to assign labels to any undirected graph with n nodes such that, given the labels... more We consider how to assign labels to any undirected graph with n nodes such that, given the labels of two nodes and no other information regarding the graph, it is possible to determine the distance between the two nodes. The challenge in such a distance labeling scheme is primarily to minimize the maximum label lenght and secondarily to minimize the time needed to answer distance queries (decoding). Previous schemes have offered different trade-offs between label lengths and query time. This paper presents a simple algorithm with shorter labels and shorter query time than any previous solution, thereby improving the state-of-the-art with respect to both label length and query time in one single algorithm. Our solution addresses several open problems concerning label length and decoding time and is the first improvement of label length for more than three decades. More specifically, we present a distance labeling scheme with labels of length log 3 2 n + o(n) bits 1 and constant decoding time. This outperforms all existing results with respect to both size and decoding time, including Winkler's (Combinatorica 1983) decade-old result, which uses labels of size (log 3)n and O(n/ log n) decoding time, and Gavoille et al. (SODA'01), which uses labels of size 11n + o(n) and O(log log n) decoding time. In addition, our algorithm is simpler than the previous ones. In the case of integral edge weights of size at most W , we present almost matching upper and lower bounds for the label size ℓ: . Furthermore, for r-additive approximation labeling schemes, where distances can be off by up to an additive constant r, we present both upper and lower bounds. In particular, we present an upper bound for 1-additive approximation schemes which, in the unweighted case, has the same size (ignoring second order terms) as an adjacency labeling scheme, namely n/2. We also give results for bipartite graphs as well as for exact and 1-additive distance oracles.
This paper discusses the 2009 presidential elections won by the incumbent candidate Susilo Bamban... more This paper discusses the 2009 presidential elections won by the incumbent candidate Susilo Bambang Budiyono (SBY) with his partner Boediono. In addition to performance factors that result in the popularity of candidate need for good management, especially on political advertising campaigns on television by political consultants to maintain or improve the image of the candidate. The political issues that are presented in political advertising should be based on facts and credible sources and constructed in accordance with community expectations. Messages must be positive, the effectiveness can be achieved. Management of the Fox campaign against political advertising SBY Indonesia, can maintain popularity and raised the image and reputation of presidential candidate and his running mate, in addition to other factors that influence on political advertising during elections so that SBY-Boediono was elected President and Vice President 2009 period -2014. Political advertising on televisi...
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