International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development, 2022
Plastics are man-made synthetic materials. They are made mostly from crude oil even though natura... more Plastics are man-made synthetic materials. They are made mostly from crude oil even though natural gas and coal could also be used for manufacturing plastics. The multiplicity of its uses together with its versatile properties has made it indispensable to modern living. The average life of plastics differs in various industrial sectors. The generation of waste depends on the mean-product lifetime of the product into which plastics have been integrated. And when this waste is not handled properly (recycled or incinerated under controlled environment), the problem of pollution emerges. Plastics in the form of microplastics have been found in food chains as well, threatening human wellbeing. A model to better understand the source - use and afteruse of plastics is the central focus of this article. It looks at the need for building a sustainable model to deal with plastic pollution.
It is well known that at the end of the last and during the present century the Indian economy pe... more It is well known that at the end of the last and during the present century the Indian economy performed much stronger than during the first decades after independence. In common discourse this improved performance is usually linked to the change in policy framework which was introduced in 1991 and thereafter continued by successive governments. As a result far reaching regulation of
On November 8, 2016, Government of India declared demonetization of all Rs. 500/- and Rs.1000/- c... more On November 8, 2016, Government of India declared demonetization of all Rs. 500/- and Rs.1000/- currency notes towards a cashless society and create a digital India. The point of sale (PoS) and prepaid instruments are the most popular systems currently installed by merchants and service providers for receiving payments from customers. The primary focus of the study is to understand the adaptability, affordability, acceptability, and sustainability of the payments system as seen from the point of view of small merchants. A total of 221 responses were collected in Chennai. Results show that cash remains the most preferred mode for business. It is required for the working capital, payment of employee remuneration, wages, and others. With regards to the use of payment systems such as POS and prepaid instruments, awareness needs to be created of the benefits in having non-cash transactions. Improving credit worthiness and eligibility to receive loans from banks is one such benefit which ...
The mobile phone has come to be recognized as one of the key instruments of ICT. Its easy accepta... more The mobile phone has come to be recognized as one of the key instruments of ICT. Its easy acceptance as a communication device enhances its usage. India is one of the fastest growing markets for the government has been keenly promoting a digital India programme with a vision to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. There has been much focus on mobile phones and their applications in the light of delegalisation of notes in India. It has gained attention in the scenario of moving to a cashless economy. It has brought into focus more sharply the need for mobile phone literacy. This chapter discusses the use of mobile phones among street vendors in Chennai, a capital city and the fourth largest urban agglomeration in India. The study found that most owned a basic mobile phone. The vending business continued to be practiced in old ways with no new management skills. The business was run and was highly dependent on cash payments. The respondents did not consider the mobile phone as an important tool for daily business.
Digital marketing has developed enormously over the past few years. India saw a 100% rise in soci... more Digital marketing has developed enormously over the past few years. India saw a 100% rise in social media users last year according to IAMAI. India's e-commerce market went up to USD 38 billion in 2016. India's e-commerce revenue is expected to jump from $30 billion in 2016 to $120 billion in 2020, growing at an annual rate of 51%, the highest in the world. The chapter seeks to understand how firms working in the digital marketing space are using the various tools to help build businesses in a competitive business environment. The chapter looks at the B2B space, focusing on digital marketing firms started between 2007 and 2009 in India. The data has been collated from internet sources, namely https://www.topseos.com/ and company websites. Results showed that, especially after 2016, all these digital companies are growing in a high phase with acquisition of more clients. They are able to retain them by providing good services at affordable costs which can be seen in the expan...
The concept of ‘agricultural biotechnology’ covers two main categories of activities, one of ... more The concept of ‘agricultural biotechnology’ covers two main categories of activities, one of which is characterised by genetic modification using recombinant DNA techniques (GM-technology), while the other involves no GM-technology. The ‘non-GM’ label applies to many techniques involving tissue culture, molecular diagnostics and DNA-marker aided selection, and the ‘GM’ label to genetic modification / genetic engineering, genomics and bioinformatics. But these are not watertight compartments. The boundary between the two is hazy. For instance, the tools of genomics and bioinformatics are being utilised in marker- aided breeding. This study restricts itself to the task of analysing and assessing the efforts to introduce, develop and commercialise genetically modified crops (GM-crops) in India and the outcome of those efforts.
Shodhsamhita : Journal of Fundamental & Comparative Research, 2020
India is in the midst of a severe second wave of Covid-19. As per the Global Commission for Post-... more India is in the midst of a severe second wave of Covid-19. As per the Global Commission for Post-Pandemic Policy by mid-April of 2021, India had manufactured nearly 17 percent of all Covid-19 vaccine doses globally. It was the world's fourth-largest producer, after China (about 36 percent), the United States (about 22 percent) and the European Union (more than 17 percent). Even so, following a shortage of vaccines and with insufficient local production, Government of India decided to import more foreign vaccines with quicker approval process for vaccines accepted in US/EU markets. India is currently using made-in-India vaccines, namely, Covishield manufactured by Serum Institute India and Covaxin of Bharat Biotech in its COVID-19 immunisation programme. The shortcoming in the production of vaccines and its dissemination within the country urges one to understand who the local producers are and how the market is playing out. This paper looks at the evolving market structure of vaccine production in India in the textbook framework of an oligopoly market. We use secondary data sources and daily newspaper briefs.
International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development, 2022
Plastics are man-made synthetic materials. They are made mostly from crude oil even though natura... more Plastics are man-made synthetic materials. They are made mostly from crude oil even though natural gas and coal could also be used for manufacturing plastics. The multiplicity of its uses together with its versatile properties has made it indispensable to modern living. The average life of plastics differs in various industrial sectors. The generation of waste depends on the mean-product lifetime of the product into which plastics have been integrated. And when this waste is not handled properly (recycled or incinerated under controlled environment), the problem of pollution emerges. Plastics in the form of microplastics have been found in food chains as well, threatening human wellbeing. A model to better understand the source - use and afteruse of plastics is the central focus of this article. It looks at the need for building a sustainable model to deal with plastic pollution.
It is well known that at the end of the last and during the present century the Indian economy pe... more It is well known that at the end of the last and during the present century the Indian economy performed much stronger than during the first decades after independence. In common discourse this improved performance is usually linked to the change in policy framework which was introduced in 1991 and thereafter continued by successive governments. As a result far reaching regulation of
On November 8, 2016, Government of India declared demonetization of all Rs. 500/- and Rs.1000/- c... more On November 8, 2016, Government of India declared demonetization of all Rs. 500/- and Rs.1000/- currency notes towards a cashless society and create a digital India. The point of sale (PoS) and prepaid instruments are the most popular systems currently installed by merchants and service providers for receiving payments from customers. The primary focus of the study is to understand the adaptability, affordability, acceptability, and sustainability of the payments system as seen from the point of view of small merchants. A total of 221 responses were collected in Chennai. Results show that cash remains the most preferred mode for business. It is required for the working capital, payment of employee remuneration, wages, and others. With regards to the use of payment systems such as POS and prepaid instruments, awareness needs to be created of the benefits in having non-cash transactions. Improving credit worthiness and eligibility to receive loans from banks is one such benefit which ...
The mobile phone has come to be recognized as one of the key instruments of ICT. Its easy accepta... more The mobile phone has come to be recognized as one of the key instruments of ICT. Its easy acceptance as a communication device enhances its usage. India is one of the fastest growing markets for the government has been keenly promoting a digital India programme with a vision to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. There has been much focus on mobile phones and their applications in the light of delegalisation of notes in India. It has gained attention in the scenario of moving to a cashless economy. It has brought into focus more sharply the need for mobile phone literacy. This chapter discusses the use of mobile phones among street vendors in Chennai, a capital city and the fourth largest urban agglomeration in India. The study found that most owned a basic mobile phone. The vending business continued to be practiced in old ways with no new management skills. The business was run and was highly dependent on cash payments. The respondents did not consider the mobile phone as an important tool for daily business.
Digital marketing has developed enormously over the past few years. India saw a 100% rise in soci... more Digital marketing has developed enormously over the past few years. India saw a 100% rise in social media users last year according to IAMAI. India's e-commerce market went up to USD 38 billion in 2016. India's e-commerce revenue is expected to jump from $30 billion in 2016 to $120 billion in 2020, growing at an annual rate of 51%, the highest in the world. The chapter seeks to understand how firms working in the digital marketing space are using the various tools to help build businesses in a competitive business environment. The chapter looks at the B2B space, focusing on digital marketing firms started between 2007 and 2009 in India. The data has been collated from internet sources, namely https://www.topseos.com/ and company websites. Results showed that, especially after 2016, all these digital companies are growing in a high phase with acquisition of more clients. They are able to retain them by providing good services at affordable costs which can be seen in the expan...
The concept of ‘agricultural biotechnology’ covers two main categories of activities, one of ... more The concept of ‘agricultural biotechnology’ covers two main categories of activities, one of which is characterised by genetic modification using recombinant DNA techniques (GM-technology), while the other involves no GM-technology. The ‘non-GM’ label applies to many techniques involving tissue culture, molecular diagnostics and DNA-marker aided selection, and the ‘GM’ label to genetic modification / genetic engineering, genomics and bioinformatics. But these are not watertight compartments. The boundary between the two is hazy. For instance, the tools of genomics and bioinformatics are being utilised in marker- aided breeding. This study restricts itself to the task of analysing and assessing the efforts to introduce, develop and commercialise genetically modified crops (GM-crops) in India and the outcome of those efforts.
Shodhsamhita : Journal of Fundamental & Comparative Research, 2020
India is in the midst of a severe second wave of Covid-19. As per the Global Commission for Post-... more India is in the midst of a severe second wave of Covid-19. As per the Global Commission for Post-Pandemic Policy by mid-April of 2021, India had manufactured nearly 17 percent of all Covid-19 vaccine doses globally. It was the world's fourth-largest producer, after China (about 36 percent), the United States (about 22 percent) and the European Union (more than 17 percent). Even so, following a shortage of vaccines and with insufficient local production, Government of India decided to import more foreign vaccines with quicker approval process for vaccines accepted in US/EU markets. India is currently using made-in-India vaccines, namely, Covishield manufactured by Serum Institute India and Covaxin of Bharat Biotech in its COVID-19 immunisation programme. The shortcoming in the production of vaccines and its dissemination within the country urges one to understand who the local producers are and how the market is playing out. This paper looks at the evolving market structure of vaccine production in India in the textbook framework of an oligopoly market. We use secondary data sources and daily newspaper briefs.
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