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ali jalali

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Fortis Escorts Heart Institute

Roshan Chitrakar

Nepal College of Information Technology

Graduate Center of the City University of New York

Copperbelt University

Ege University

Richard Matasic

University of medicine Zagreb

Jeffrey Ginsberg

McMaster University

Uniformed Services University

University of Virginia

Christopher Crick

Oklahoma State University

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Papers by ali jalali

Afghanistan: The Anatomy of an Ongoing Conflict

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters, 2001

The civil war in Afghanistan is a microcosm of the post-Cold War multilateral competition for inf... more The civil war in Afghanistan is a microcosm of the post-Cold War multilateral competition for influence in unsettled regions. The Afghan conflict involves internal armed factions with extensive foreign links, neighboring states that pursue competing strategic interests, and ultra-regional players who have ideological, security, or economic stakes in the chaos. With no central authority in Afghanistan, neighboring countries further their policies by engaging and supporting rival Afghan factions, thus fueling the internal strife and blocking the emergence of a broad-based legitimate government in Afghanistan. The turmoil is both the cause and consequence of state failure in the war-torn country.

Comprehensive molecular and immune profiling of non-small cell lung cancer and matched distant metastases to suggest distinct molecular mechanisms underlying metastasis

Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2017

8541 Background: Despite complete resection, many non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients sti... more 8541 Background: Despite complete resection, many non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients still develop and succumb to distant metastases. Previous studies suggested distant metastasis may be due to genomic evolution and/or suppressed immune surveillance. However, the relationship between specific genomic alterations and immune surveillance has not been systemically studied. Methods: We performed whole exome sequencing, RNA-Seq, methylation microarray, immunohistochemistry using multiple immune markers, and T cell receptor sequencing on 7 pairs of NSCLC primary tumors and matched metastases including 6 metachronous brain and 1 synchronous liver metastases. Results: On average, 84% of all somatic mutations (54% to 97%) and all 28 canonical cancer gene mutations were shared between primary tumors and paired distant metastases. Metastases also resembled paired primary tumors closely in regard to somatic copy number aberration profiles, methylation profiles. Subclonal analysis showe...

OA 13.05 Immune, Molecular and T Cell Repertoire Landscape of 235 Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers and Paired Normal Lung Tissues

Journal of Thoracic Oncology, 2017

The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition activator ZEB1 initiates a prometastatic competing endogenous RNA network

The Journal of clinical investigation, Jan 11, 2018

Epithelial tumor cells undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to gain metastatic acti... more Epithelial tumor cells undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to gain metastatic activity. Competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) have binding sites for a common set of microRNAs (miRs) and regulate each other's expression by sponging miRs. Here, we address whether ceRNAs govern EMT-driven metastasis. High miR-181b levels were correlated with an improved prognosis in human lung adenocarcinomas, and metastatic tumor cell lines derived from a murine lung adenocarcinoma model in which metastasis is EMT-driven were enriched in miR-181b targets. The EMT-activating transcription factor ZEB1 relieved a strong basal repression of integrin-α1 (ITGA1), which in turn upregulated adenylyl cyclase 9 (ADCY9) by sponging miR181b. Ectopic expression of the ITGA1 3' untranslated region reversed miR-181b-mediated metastasis suppression and increased the levels of ADCY9, which promoted ZEB1-driven tumor cell migration and metastasis. In human lung adenocarcinomas, ITGA1 and ADCY9 level...

2009 Summer Studentship - Innovation in Medical Education Supervisor Projects Description Form Assessment of the use of T.B.Ls in the new Medical Curriculum

Pistachio nut varieties sorting by data mining and fuzzy logic classifier

In this paper, sorting of two Iranian varieties of pistachio, "Akbari" (Ak) and "K... more In this paper, sorting of two Iranian varieties of pistachio, "Akbari" (Ak) and "Kaleghouchi" (Ka), by the decision tree and fuzzy logic classifier is investigated. 240 Ak and 120 Ka pistachio nuts impacted to a stainless steel plate through a chute, and the acoustic signal of these impacts picked up using a microphone and saved on a computer via a sound card. Further analysis has been made on the statistical parameters extracted from these time-domain signals using J48 algorithm. Feature selection and classifying was carried out, with 200 Ak and 100 Ka as training set as well as 40 Ak and 20 Ka as test set of instances. A correct classification rate (CCR) of 93.33% for training and 96.67% for testing set was observed. The RMSE was obtained 0.24 and 0.23 for training and test sets respectively. Outputs of J48 decision trees (DTs) was converted to IF-THEN rules and fed to the fuzzy inference system (FIS) as inputs, and can be easily utilized by a fuzzy logic contr...

Pusa caspica; species sitting on the beach of extinction

A Low-Power Multiplier Using an Efficient Single-Supply Voltage Level Converter

Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers, 2015

This paper presents a new high-performance and low-power single-supply voltage level converter (S... more This paper presents a new high-performance and low-power single-supply voltage level converter (SSLC) and a new carry save array multiplier based on clustered-voltage scaling (CVS) technique for ultra-low-power applications. The multiplier operates with low and high supply voltage (V DDL , V DDH ) and at its end stage, the proposed low-power SSLC is utilized to prevent static power dissipation at the next stage working with V DDH and to enhance the output driving capability. In the proposed SSLC, dynamically-controlled source-body voltage, reduced drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) effect and diode-connected transistor with body-biasing have been utilized properly in order to reduce the power consumption significantly without considerable speed degradation. The results of the simulations conducted using Cadence with standard 90-nm CMOS technology demonstrate the superiority of the proposed multiplier utilizing the proposed LC in terms of static and total power consumptions as wel...

High Performance and Low Power Half-Adder Cells in Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor Technology

Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience, 2015

ABSTRACT

Computational Modeling of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS) in Newborn Babies

Volume 1: 23rd Biennial Conference on Mechanical Vibration and Noise, Parts A and B, 2011

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a congenital heart defect (CHD) in which left side of t... more Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a congenital heart defect (CHD) in which left side of the heart is severely underdeveloped. To better understand this unique physiology, a computational model of the hypoplastic heart was constructed on the basis of compartmental analysis. Lumped parameter model of HLHS is developed based on the electrical circuit analogy. Model is made up of three parts: hypoplastic heart, pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation. Plots of blood pressure and flow for various parts of body show great match between predicted values and what we expected for the case of HLHS babies. Influence of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and ASD resistances on cardiac output and pulmonary to systemic flow was also studied. Results show that by increasing the PDA resistance causes more flow to pulmonary compartments and so the ratio increases. Blood flow increases by decreasing of pulmonary artery resistant. Increasing the PDA resistance causes decrease the cardiac ou...

Predicting acute hypotensive episodes based on HR baroreflex model estimation

Cardiovascular engineering (Dordrecht, Netherlands), 2009

A new method to predict acute hypotensive episodes (AHE) is proposed in this paper. The AHE is de... more A new method to predict acute hypotensive episodes (AHE) is proposed in this paper. The AHE is defined as any period of 30 min or more during which at least 90% of mean arterial pressure (MAP) measurements are below 60 mmHg. Since arterial pressure has a direct correlation with heart rate through heart rate (HR) baroreflex and cardiovascular systems, any changes in MAP, directly affect HR and vice versa. Predicting HR using our developed model, the periods in which HR drops to the values less than 40 beat/min are detected. The demonstrated AHE data for twenty patients are picked to validate the proposed algorithm. Results show that the proposed method could truly predict occurrence of the AHE in 17 out of 20 cases analyzed. Results show reliable accuracy in predicting AHE in these patients.

Paper: A NOVEL STRUCTURE FOR REALIZATION OF A PSEUDO TWO PATH BAND-PASS FILTER

A Novel Technique for Analyzing Noisy Noninvasive Fetal Electrocardiogram Signals

A Noise Robust Method for Recognizing the Heart Beats in Multimodal Data

Modeling Mechanical Properties of the Chest During the Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Procedure

The first step in improving the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedure is to understand ho... more The first step in improving the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedure is to understand how the force applied on the chest relates to the resulting blood pressure. In order to capture the mechanical properties of the chest and abdomen accurately, in this paper we proposed a nonlinear mass spring and damper model which consists of nonlinear spring up to 5th order, a combination of viscous and hysteresis damper. We then nondimensionalized the proposed model in order to enhance parametric study of the model for future use. In the next step we used gradient decent optimization method to identify the model parameters for force-compression data of 10273 CPR cycles collected from different pigs at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP). We used the mean square error (RMSE) between the estimated force and actual force for each cycle as an objective function to be minimized. Using the above method we were able to estimate the model parameters for each cycle seperately. In order to find a best set of estimated parameters we used K-nearest neighbor (K-NN) method. K-NN is an unsupervised learning technique which clusters the data into different groups based on the distance metric. The cluster center with lowest RMSE is selected as the estimated parameters for the entire cycles. The resulted MSE of testing entire cycles with the estimated parameters are 0.12 mean and 0.04 SD. Results show that the proposed model is the most accurate model of pig chest during the CPR.

Design and characterization of a novel inverter for nanoelectronic circuits

ABSTRACT Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is a new nanotechnology which is considered to be us... more ABSTRACT Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is a new nanotechnology which is considered to be used in future computers. QCA logic and arithmetic circuits are designed based on two major devices: &quot;Majority Function&quot; and &quot;Inverter&quot;. Enhancing each of these two devices will result in improving the overall performance of the system. In this paper, a new inverter is proposed. The gate is simple in structure and powerful in terms of implementing digital functions. By applying these kinds of gate, the hardware requirement for a QCA design can be significantly reduced and circuits can be simpler in level, gate counts and area. In order to verify the functionality of the proposed device, some physical proofs are provided. Both simulation results and physical relations validate the authentication of the proposed gate and its usefulness in designing every single digital circuit.

Model based optimization of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedure

Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference, 2012

This paper is concerned with the optimization of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedur... more This paper is concerned with the optimization of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedure, which plays a critical rule in saving the life of patients suffering from cardiac arrest. In this paper, we define the performance index for optimization using the oxygen delivery. A model developed earlier is used to calculate the oxygen delivery through CPR. The free parameters of this model which depend on the rescuer performance are ventilation time, compression speed, tidal volume, and fraction of oxygen in the inspired air. Two different optimization problems are carried out. First, a global optimization is implemented to discover the best values of the free parameters which maximize the oxygen delivery. In addition to this, a sequential optimization scheme is explored which uses a two step optimization in each CPR sequence to maximize the oxygen delivery. Results show that the sequential optimization procedure will enhance the performance of the CPR significantly.

Application of decision tree in the prediction of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) occurrence in neonates after heart surgery

Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference, 2012

This paper is concerned with the prediction of the occurrence of periventricular leukomalacia (PV... more This paper is concerned with the prediction of the occurrence of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) that occurs in neonates after heart surgery. The data which is collected over a period of 12 hours after cardiac surgery contains vital measurements as well as blood gas measurements with different resolutions. Vital data measured using near-inferred spectroscopy (NIRS) at the sampling rate of 0.25 Hz and blood gas measurement up to 12 times with irregular time intervals for 35 patients collected at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) are used for this study. Features derived from the data include statistical moments (mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis), trend and minimum and maximum values of the vital data and rate of change, time weighted mean and a custom defined out of range index (ORI) for the blood gas data. A decision tree is developed for the vital data in order to identify the most important vital measurements. In addition, a decision tree is developed for bloo...

Discovering hidden relationships in physiological signals for prediction of Periventricular Leukomalacia

Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference, 2013

This paper is concerned with predicting the occurrence of Periventricular Leukomalacia (PVL) usin... more This paper is concerned with predicting the occurrence of Periventricular Leukomalacia (PVL) using vital data which are collected over a period of twelve hours after neonatal cardiac surgery. The vital data contain heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), right atrium pressure (RAP), and oxygen saturation (SpO2). Various features are extracted from the data and are then ranked so that an optimal subset of features that have the highest discriminative capabilities can be selected. A decision tree (DT) is then developed for the vital data in order to identify the most important vital measurements. The DT result shows that high amplitude 20 minutes variations and low sample entropy in the data is an important factor for prediction of PVL. Low sample entropy represents lack of variability in hemodynamic measurement, and constant blood pressure with small fluctuations is an important indicator of PVL occurrence. Finally, using the different time frames of the collected data, we sho...

Insights into feedback and feedback signaling for beamformer design

2009 Information Theory and Applications Workshop, 2009

Multi-site cooperative transmission is gaining industrial support in latest standard development.... more Multi-site cooperative transmission is gaining industrial support in latest standard development. One key criteria to sucessfully implement a multi-site cooperative transmission system is the need to quantize an expanded set of channels. To maintain quantization precision, codebook size needs to scale roughly exponentially with the number of total antennas and renders quantizing the expanded channel set a computationally demanding task. In this paper, we identify a connection between noncoherent communication and the phase invariant property of beamforming vectors. We leverage techniques from the noncoherent communication literature to design an efficient beamforming vector quantization scheme. Our proposed scheme has a quantization complexity that grows linearly with number of antennas. Simulation results indicate this method has slightly more quantization distortion than RVQ while being significantly more efficient.

Afghanistan: The Anatomy of an Ongoing Conflict

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters, 2001

The civil war in Afghanistan is a microcosm of the post-Cold War multilateral competition for inf... more The civil war in Afghanistan is a microcosm of the post-Cold War multilateral competition for influence in unsettled regions. The Afghan conflict involves internal armed factions with extensive foreign links, neighboring states that pursue competing strategic interests, and ultra-regional players who have ideological, security, or economic stakes in the chaos. With no central authority in Afghanistan, neighboring countries further their policies by engaging and supporting rival Afghan factions, thus fueling the internal strife and blocking the emergence of a broad-based legitimate government in Afghanistan. The turmoil is both the cause and consequence of state failure in the war-torn country.

Comprehensive molecular and immune profiling of non-small cell lung cancer and matched distant metastases to suggest distinct molecular mechanisms underlying metastasis

Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2017

8541 Background: Despite complete resection, many non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients sti... more 8541 Background: Despite complete resection, many non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients still develop and succumb to distant metastases. Previous studies suggested distant metastasis may be due to genomic evolution and/or suppressed immune surveillance. However, the relationship between specific genomic alterations and immune surveillance has not been systemically studied. Methods: We performed whole exome sequencing, RNA-Seq, methylation microarray, immunohistochemistry using multiple immune markers, and T cell receptor sequencing on 7 pairs of NSCLC primary tumors and matched metastases including 6 metachronous brain and 1 synchronous liver metastases. Results: On average, 84% of all somatic mutations (54% to 97%) and all 28 canonical cancer gene mutations were shared between primary tumors and paired distant metastases. Metastases also resembled paired primary tumors closely in regard to somatic copy number aberration profiles, methylation profiles. Subclonal analysis showe...

OA 13.05 Immune, Molecular and T Cell Repertoire Landscape of 235 Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers and Paired Normal Lung Tissues

Journal of Thoracic Oncology, 2017

The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition activator ZEB1 initiates a prometastatic competing endogenous RNA network

The Journal of clinical investigation, Jan 11, 2018

Epithelial tumor cells undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to gain metastatic acti... more Epithelial tumor cells undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to gain metastatic activity. Competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) have binding sites for a common set of microRNAs (miRs) and regulate each other's expression by sponging miRs. Here, we address whether ceRNAs govern EMT-driven metastasis. High miR-181b levels were correlated with an improved prognosis in human lung adenocarcinomas, and metastatic tumor cell lines derived from a murine lung adenocarcinoma model in which metastasis is EMT-driven were enriched in miR-181b targets. The EMT-activating transcription factor ZEB1 relieved a strong basal repression of integrin-α1 (ITGA1), which in turn upregulated adenylyl cyclase 9 (ADCY9) by sponging miR181b. Ectopic expression of the ITGA1 3' untranslated region reversed miR-181b-mediated metastasis suppression and increased the levels of ADCY9, which promoted ZEB1-driven tumor cell migration and metastasis. In human lung adenocarcinomas, ITGA1 and ADCY9 level...

2009 Summer Studentship - Innovation in Medical Education Supervisor Projects Description Form Assessment of the use of T.B.Ls in the new Medical Curriculum

Pistachio nut varieties sorting by data mining and fuzzy logic classifier

In this paper, sorting of two Iranian varieties of pistachio, "Akbari" (Ak) and "K... more In this paper, sorting of two Iranian varieties of pistachio, "Akbari" (Ak) and "Kaleghouchi" (Ka), by the decision tree and fuzzy logic classifier is investigated. 240 Ak and 120 Ka pistachio nuts impacted to a stainless steel plate through a chute, and the acoustic signal of these impacts picked up using a microphone and saved on a computer via a sound card. Further analysis has been made on the statistical parameters extracted from these time-domain signals using J48 algorithm. Feature selection and classifying was carried out, with 200 Ak and 100 Ka as training set as well as 40 Ak and 20 Ka as test set of instances. A correct classification rate (CCR) of 93.33% for training and 96.67% for testing set was observed. The RMSE was obtained 0.24 and 0.23 for training and test sets respectively. Outputs of J48 decision trees (DTs) was converted to IF-THEN rules and fed to the fuzzy inference system (FIS) as inputs, and can be easily utilized by a fuzzy logic contr...

Pusa caspica; species sitting on the beach of extinction

A Low-Power Multiplier Using an Efficient Single-Supply Voltage Level Converter

Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers, 2015

This paper presents a new high-performance and low-power single-supply voltage level converter (S... more This paper presents a new high-performance and low-power single-supply voltage level converter (SSLC) and a new carry save array multiplier based on clustered-voltage scaling (CVS) technique for ultra-low-power applications. The multiplier operates with low and high supply voltage (V DDL , V DDH ) and at its end stage, the proposed low-power SSLC is utilized to prevent static power dissipation at the next stage working with V DDH and to enhance the output driving capability. In the proposed SSLC, dynamically-controlled source-body voltage, reduced drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) effect and diode-connected transistor with body-biasing have been utilized properly in order to reduce the power consumption significantly without considerable speed degradation. The results of the simulations conducted using Cadence with standard 90-nm CMOS technology demonstrate the superiority of the proposed multiplier utilizing the proposed LC in terms of static and total power consumptions as wel...

High Performance and Low Power Half-Adder Cells in Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor Technology

Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience, 2015

ABSTRACT

Computational Modeling of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS) in Newborn Babies

Volume 1: 23rd Biennial Conference on Mechanical Vibration and Noise, Parts A and B, 2011

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a congenital heart defect (CHD) in which left side of t... more Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a congenital heart defect (CHD) in which left side of the heart is severely underdeveloped. To better understand this unique physiology, a computational model of the hypoplastic heart was constructed on the basis of compartmental analysis. Lumped parameter model of HLHS is developed based on the electrical circuit analogy. Model is made up of three parts: hypoplastic heart, pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation. Plots of blood pressure and flow for various parts of body show great match between predicted values and what we expected for the case of HLHS babies. Influence of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and ASD resistances on cardiac output and pulmonary to systemic flow was also studied. Results show that by increasing the PDA resistance causes more flow to pulmonary compartments and so the ratio increases. Blood flow increases by decreasing of pulmonary artery resistant. Increasing the PDA resistance causes decrease the cardiac ou...

Predicting acute hypotensive episodes based on HR baroreflex model estimation

Cardiovascular engineering (Dordrecht, Netherlands), 2009

A new method to predict acute hypotensive episodes (AHE) is proposed in this paper. The AHE is de... more A new method to predict acute hypotensive episodes (AHE) is proposed in this paper. The AHE is defined as any period of 30 min or more during which at least 90% of mean arterial pressure (MAP) measurements are below 60 mmHg. Since arterial pressure has a direct correlation with heart rate through heart rate (HR) baroreflex and cardiovascular systems, any changes in MAP, directly affect HR and vice versa. Predicting HR using our developed model, the periods in which HR drops to the values less than 40 beat/min are detected. The demonstrated AHE data for twenty patients are picked to validate the proposed algorithm. Results show that the proposed method could truly predict occurrence of the AHE in 17 out of 20 cases analyzed. Results show reliable accuracy in predicting AHE in these patients.

Paper: A NOVEL STRUCTURE FOR REALIZATION OF A PSEUDO TWO PATH BAND-PASS FILTER

A Novel Technique for Analyzing Noisy Noninvasive Fetal Electrocardiogram Signals

A Noise Robust Method for Recognizing the Heart Beats in Multimodal Data

Modeling Mechanical Properties of the Chest During the Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Procedure

The first step in improving the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedure is to understand ho... more The first step in improving the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedure is to understand how the force applied on the chest relates to the resulting blood pressure. In order to capture the mechanical properties of the chest and abdomen accurately, in this paper we proposed a nonlinear mass spring and damper model which consists of nonlinear spring up to 5th order, a combination of viscous and hysteresis damper. We then nondimensionalized the proposed model in order to enhance parametric study of the model for future use. In the next step we used gradient decent optimization method to identify the model parameters for force-compression data of 10273 CPR cycles collected from different pigs at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP). We used the mean square error (RMSE) between the estimated force and actual force for each cycle as an objective function to be minimized. Using the above method we were able to estimate the model parameters for each cycle seperately. In order to find a best set of estimated parameters we used K-nearest neighbor (K-NN) method. K-NN is an unsupervised learning technique which clusters the data into different groups based on the distance metric. The cluster center with lowest RMSE is selected as the estimated parameters for the entire cycles. The resulted MSE of testing entire cycles with the estimated parameters are 0.12 mean and 0.04 SD. Results show that the proposed model is the most accurate model of pig chest during the CPR.

Design and characterization of a novel inverter for nanoelectronic circuits

ABSTRACT Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is a new nanotechnology which is considered to be us... more ABSTRACT Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is a new nanotechnology which is considered to be used in future computers. QCA logic and arithmetic circuits are designed based on two major devices: &quot;Majority Function&quot; and &quot;Inverter&quot;. Enhancing each of these two devices will result in improving the overall performance of the system. In this paper, a new inverter is proposed. The gate is simple in structure and powerful in terms of implementing digital functions. By applying these kinds of gate, the hardware requirement for a QCA design can be significantly reduced and circuits can be simpler in level, gate counts and area. In order to verify the functionality of the proposed device, some physical proofs are provided. Both simulation results and physical relations validate the authentication of the proposed gate and its usefulness in designing every single digital circuit.

Model based optimization of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedure

Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference, 2012

This paper is concerned with the optimization of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedur... more This paper is concerned with the optimization of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedure, which plays a critical rule in saving the life of patients suffering from cardiac arrest. In this paper, we define the performance index for optimization using the oxygen delivery. A model developed earlier is used to calculate the oxygen delivery through CPR. The free parameters of this model which depend on the rescuer performance are ventilation time, compression speed, tidal volume, and fraction of oxygen in the inspired air. Two different optimization problems are carried out. First, a global optimization is implemented to discover the best values of the free parameters which maximize the oxygen delivery. In addition to this, a sequential optimization scheme is explored which uses a two step optimization in each CPR sequence to maximize the oxygen delivery. Results show that the sequential optimization procedure will enhance the performance of the CPR significantly.

Application of decision tree in the prediction of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) occurrence in neonates after heart surgery

Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference, 2012

This paper is concerned with the prediction of the occurrence of periventricular leukomalacia (PV... more This paper is concerned with the prediction of the occurrence of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) that occurs in neonates after heart surgery. The data which is collected over a period of 12 hours after cardiac surgery contains vital measurements as well as blood gas measurements with different resolutions. Vital data measured using near-inferred spectroscopy (NIRS) at the sampling rate of 0.25 Hz and blood gas measurement up to 12 times with irregular time intervals for 35 patients collected at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) are used for this study. Features derived from the data include statistical moments (mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis), trend and minimum and maximum values of the vital data and rate of change, time weighted mean and a custom defined out of range index (ORI) for the blood gas data. A decision tree is developed for the vital data in order to identify the most important vital measurements. In addition, a decision tree is developed for bloo...

Discovering hidden relationships in physiological signals for prediction of Periventricular Leukomalacia

Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference, 2013

This paper is concerned with predicting the occurrence of Periventricular Leukomalacia (PVL) usin... more This paper is concerned with predicting the occurrence of Periventricular Leukomalacia (PVL) using vital data which are collected over a period of twelve hours after neonatal cardiac surgery. The vital data contain heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), right atrium pressure (RAP), and oxygen saturation (SpO2). Various features are extracted from the data and are then ranked so that an optimal subset of features that have the highest discriminative capabilities can be selected. A decision tree (DT) is then developed for the vital data in order to identify the most important vital measurements. The DT result shows that high amplitude 20 minutes variations and low sample entropy in the data is an important factor for prediction of PVL. Low sample entropy represents lack of variability in hemodynamic measurement, and constant blood pressure with small fluctuations is an important indicator of PVL occurrence. Finally, using the different time frames of the collected data, we sho...

Insights into feedback and feedback signaling for beamformer design

2009 Information Theory and Applications Workshop, 2009

Multi-site cooperative transmission is gaining industrial support in latest standard development.... more Multi-site cooperative transmission is gaining industrial support in latest standard development. One key criteria to sucessfully implement a multi-site cooperative transmission system is the need to quantize an expanded set of channels. To maintain quantization precision, codebook size needs to scale roughly exponentially with the number of total antennas and renders quantizing the expanded channel set a computationally demanding task. In this paper, we identify a connection between noncoherent communication and the phase invariant property of beamforming vectors. We leverage techniques from the noncoherent communication literature to design an efficient beamforming vector quantization scheme. Our proposed scheme has a quantization complexity that grows linearly with number of antennas. Simulation results indicate this method has slightly more quantization distortion than RVQ while being significantly more efficient.