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ahmed hamad

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Kansas State University

Armando Marques-Guedes

UNL - New University of Lisbon

Visvesvaraya Technological University

Praxis Business School

Mohammed Najm Abdullah Al Salam

University of Technology/Iraq

Dhanalakshmi College Of Engineering

University of Nottingham

Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

masilamani Arumugam

Tata Institute of Social Sciences

University of Leeds

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Papers by ahmed hamad

Digital Simulation of Avionics Navigation Systems for Direction Measurements

International Conference on Aerospace Sciences and Aviation Technology, 1997

Avionics navigation systems for direction measurements have airborne receivers and ground transmi... more Avionics navigation systems for direction measurements have airborne receivers and ground transmitters, which are very expensive equipment. The training of pilots, engineers and technical staffs requires special installation of real equipment with the cooperation of both airborne and ground parts, or it is done through the aircraft simulation system which is special for each aircraft type. These techniques give only the global function training without any details of system hardware or signal processing. This work introduces a digital simulation for some avionics navigation systems of direction measurements as ADF (automatic direction finder) and TACAN (tactical air navigation) for training purposes covering : the system function, the essential processing steps, and the necessary test points. The simulated systems are interfaced with PC to control different modes of operations, and perform the necessary computations for the navigation process. The trainer is implemented using available ICs in the local market, tested, and used as an educational aid for avionics engineering students. It has the flexibility to add other new subsystems. It is of very-low cost when compared with other training facilities. The usual direct step-bystep analog simulation technique is complicated and requires special and expensive ICs as analog multipliers and mixers. The main idea behind this low-cost solution is the application of a versatile function generation using stored digital data and digital to analog conversion. Even the problem of AM (amplitude modulation) simulation process is solved using digital technique.

Operating LORAN-C Position Fix with Nonhyperbolic Position Lines

International Conference on Aerospace Sciences and Aviation Technology, 1993

Hyperbolic navigation systems (LORAN-C, DECCA Navigator and OMEGA) represent a widely used class ... more Hyperbolic navigation systems (LORAN-C, DECCA Navigator and OMEGA) represent a widely used class of position fixing syst.ems.Most of their incorporated traditional receivers display position fi<es in hyperbolic coordinates for plotting either by hand on navigation charts printed with hyperbolic overlays or they plot tracks automatically, often on distorted charts.This makes them expensive and/or manually operated .Moreover ,it amplifies certain accuracy problems related to the angle of cut of the hyperbolic position lines and geometrical factors relevant to these lines. Avionics applications as well as automatic vehicle location systems entails low-cost receivers which operate wholly or largely automatically and which display position measurements in geographical coordinates (latitudelongitude) or as headings and distances to given waypoints and/or integrated with readings from deadreckoning sensors. Solution issues to some of these problems have been addressed in two published papers by the authors.The underlying idea is to involve modifications in the processing algorithms of on-board receivers.In essence ,that modification was based on generating non-hyperbolic position lines :circles and/or ellipses out of the originally designed hyperbolic systems. Theoretical evaluation of that proposal was the subject of one the authors papers. In the present paper ,the proposed modification is applied to a real ON-EARTH LORAN-C station to confirm the obtained results. Moreover,an algorithm as well as an implementation proposals are presented .The case of short baselength as in the DECCA chains is presented with its algorithm and the proposal for implementation is highlighted. Authors are Staff members of Avionics Dept ,MTC.

Background subtraction based on time-series clustering and statistical modeling

Optical Review, 2012

This paper proposes a robust method to detect and extract silhouettes of foreground objects from ... more This paper proposes a robust method to detect and extract silhouettes of foreground objects from a video sequence of a static camera based on the improved background subtraction technique. The proposed method analyses statistically the pixel history as time series observations. The proposed method presents a robust technique to detect motions based on kernel density estimation. Two consecutive stages of the k-means clustering algorithm are utilized to identify the most reliable background regions and decrease the detection of false positives. Pixel and object based updating mechanism for the background model is presented to cope with challenges like gradual and sudden illumination changes, ghost appearance, non-stationary background objects, and moving objects that remain stable for more than the half of the training period. Experimental results show the efficiency and the robustness of the proposed method to detect and extract the silhouettes of moving objects in outdoor and indoor environments compared with conventional methods.

Detecting Drivers’ Fatigue in Different Conditions Using Real-Time Non-intrusive System

Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing

Driver's fatigue causes fatal road crashes and disrupts transportation systems. Specially in deve... more Driver's fatigue causes fatal road crashes and disrupts transportation systems. Specially in developing countries, drivers take more working hours and drive longer distances with short breaks to gain more money. This paper develops a new real time, low cost, and non-intrusive system that detects the features of the drivers' fatigue. More specifically, the system detects fatigue from the eye closer and yawning. First, the face landmarks are extracted using the histogram of oriented gradients (HOG). Then, the support vector machine (SVM) model classifies the fatigue state from the non-fatigue. The accuracy of the SVM model presented by the area under the curve (AUC) is 95%. The system is evaluated with 10 participants in conditions that can affect the detection of the face. These conditions are different light conditions, gender, age groups, people wearing reading glasses, and males with beard and moustache around their mouth. The results are very promising, and it is 100% accurate.

Analysis of Documents Clustering Using Sampled Agglomerative Technique

In this paper a clustering algorithm for documents is proposed that adapts a sampling-based pruni... more In this paper a clustering algorithm for documents is proposed that adapts a sampling-based pruning strat egy to simplify hierarchical clustering. The algorithm can be applied to any text documents data set whose entries can be em bedded in a high dimensional Euclidean space in which every doc ument is a vector of real numbers. This paper presents the res ults of an experimental study of the proposed document cluster ing technique. The performance of the method is illustr ated in terms of quality of clusters.

The Effect of Word Sampling on Document Clustering

Many techniques have been used for document clustering that depended on the number of word occurr... more Many techniques have been used for document clustering that depended on the number of word occurrences in documents. In these techniques, words are considered as dimensions of the clustering space. Since a huge number of words is found in each document, studies were held to reduce this high dimensionality for better performance i.e., words pruning. Sampling was used to choose random documents representatives to which apply clustering techniques instead of using the whole data set, but it was not implemented on words before. In this paper, we study the effect of using word sampling on document clustering as a method of high dimensionality reduction, where a random word sampling technique is presented. The Euclidean and Manhattan distance functions were both used as the similarity measure. A hybrid clustering algorithm is modified to include word sampling. The results are compared with the non-word sampling through the clustering accuracy of the resultant clusters. Key-Words: Data min...

Classifying Web 2.0 Supported Applications By Pattern Of Usage: Functional & Technical ISSUES

The rapid evolution of Internet technologies have witnessed new Web elements, such as blogs, wiki... more The rapid evolution of Internet technologies have witnessed new Web elements, such as blogs, wikis, social networking, social bookmarking, and other related applications referred to as Web 2.0. Web 1.0 paradigm was related with passive, just receptive users, whereas Web 2.0 paradigm relies mainly on user participation and user-generated content. In Web 2.0 applications users are invited to comment, share, edit, classify, as well as remix data from multiple sources. Although there are several Web 2.0 applications in the market there is still lack of a profound approach guiding the analysis, design and development of such applications. This paper suggests classifying Web 2.0 tools by “Pattern of Usage” or in other words the functionalities that characterize their specific features. By reviewing several literatures we extracted multiple attributes related to functionalities of Web 2.0 tools. These have been crystallised into 7 patterns of usage that include; Inter-connectivity, Content...

Determining Initial Starting Conditions for Documents Clustering

Unlabeled document collections are becoming increasingly common and available; mining such data s... more Unlabeled document collections are becoming increasingly common and available; mining such data sets represents a major contemporary challenge. Using words as features, text documents are often represented as high dimensional and sparse vectorsa few thousand dimensions is typical. Practical approaches to clustering such document vectors use an iterative procedure (e.g. k-means, EM) that is known to be especially sensitive to initial starting conditions (k and initial centroids). In this paper, we introduce a hybrid clustering algorithm that determines these initial conditions automatically, depending on the required quality for the obtained clusters. The hybrid algorithm combines the agglomerative hierarchical approach with the k-means approach to provide k disjoint clusters. However, the textual, unstructured nature of documents makes the task considerably more difficult than other data sets. We present the results of an experimental study of our introduced algorithm.

Classification Rules for Pre-Analysis Filtering of Web Transactions

IEEE International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications, 2006.

Page 1. Classification Rules for Pre-Analysis Filtering of Web Transactions Omar H. Karam, Ahmad ... more

Cascade Multimodal Biometric System Using Fingerprint and Iris Patterns

Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2017

Unimodal biometric systems based on single biometric trait do not often afford performance requir... more Unimodal biometric systems based on single biometric trait do not often afford performance requirements for the security applications. Multimodal biometric system uses two or more biometric traits consolidated in one single system to identify users of the system. Among many biometrics traits, fingerprint and iris can accurately identify system’s users due to their unique textures which extracted during the recognition process. In this paper we proposed a multimodal biometric identification system that sequentially combines fingerprint and iris traits in the identification process. The proposed system design improves the user convenience by reducing the identification time and maintaining very high accuracy. The proposed system tested on CASIA-Iris V1 database and FVC 2000 and 2002 fingerprint database. The experimental results show that proposed multimodal system is better than unimodal system using fingerprint or iris.

Combining CMMI Specific Practices with Scrum Model to Address Shortcomings in Process Maturity

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology

Software process improvement (SPI) is the approach to understand the software development process... more Software process improvement (SPI) is the approach to understand the software development process lifecycle and implement necessary changes to achieve a high-quality, maintainable product. The software industry is comprised of small and medium-sized enterprises that adopt agile models as their preferred model of development. The Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) model for software process improvement and quality is used to address aspects of software quality and maturity that Scrum was not initially designed to consider. CMMI is used for its reliable practices and consideration of many aspects of software development in process, project and product. After consideration of literature, three process areas are selected to address necessary elements in Scrum used by software developers in offshoring destinations. The practices are selected based on their practicality in small, agile settings and the ability to be incorporated into Scrum activities without disrupting the models sprint cycles. This opens the way for smaller enterprises to create produce quality.

Performance of Fast Algorithms of Multi-target Tracking

International Conference on Aerospace Sciences and Aviation Technology

The tracking properties of fast tracking algorithms were considered and analyzed (1-57 assuming a... more The tracking properties of fast tracking algorithms were considered and analyzed (1-57 assuming a single target in clean and in cluttered environment with various values for probability of detectionCP D. In the present work.we extend our study to tracking environments where typical multi-target tracking cases arise,e.g.,two closely spaced targets Ctypical for a target in formation)and the case of two crossing targets.The obtained the results reveal that with a 100% P D and zero clutter density.perfect data association at smaller targets spacings is provided with fast Kalman filter of order N=2 compared to N=3 for the gradient lattice filter.At higher clutter densities, even with a 100% PD, the fast Kalman filter has shown unstable behavior at target spacings below some threshold values, In case of tracking crossing tracks a nondiverging fast Kalman tracking filter with Nm2 has almost the same capability as a gradient lattice filter having N=4 at various values of P and at various clutter densities. Conditions that guarantee a stable performance of the fast Kalman filter are given.

Process and device for system characterization by spectral analysis

Fast and Accurate Practical Positioning Method using Enhanced-Lateration Technique and Adaptive Propagation Model in GSM Mode

... ACKNOWLEDGMENT We would like to thank Prof. Moustafa Youssef, Dr. Tarek Attia, Abeer A. Ghand... more

Video-speed switched-resistor A/D converter architectures

Proceedings of the 43rd IEEE Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (Cat.No.CH37144), 2000

Two economical video-speed A/D converter architectures are presented. The output is generated in ... more Two economical video-speed A/D converter architectures are presented. The output is generated in cascaded or recycled flash quantization blocks. A simple priority encoder, that comprises two gate levels, is suggested. The obtainable throughput rates should satisfy the requirements of a wide spectrum of video applications. Due to their simple hardware, the proposed architectures are amenable for monolithic integration

Predictive direction location update scheme for next generation PCS networks

International Conference on Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, 2004. ICEEC '04., 2004

Page 1. Predictive Direction Location Update Scheme for Next Generation PCS Networks Ola A. Al-So... more

Memory-based Compensation Model for Wireless Fair Scheduling Protocols

Parallel and Distributed Computing Systems, 2002

TellMe": A Novel Protocol and Location Prediction Scheme Exploiting the "One For All" Framework for Location Management

12th International Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME'05), 2005

Page 1. &quot;TellMe&quot;: A Novel Protocol and Location Prediction Scheme exploiting th... more

Speed estimation and travel direction-detection using handover in GSM: Stability analysis and experimental results in Egypt roads

In this paper, we consider the problem of positioning, travel direction detection and speed estim... more In this paper, we consider the problem of positioning, travel direction detection and speed estimation of GSM-based mobile phones. Many techniques are proposed using several technologies like GSM, UMTS or WiFi. Once these technologies are mature enough to be deployed, they will have significant impact on automotive telematics and modern public transit systems. We produce a technique for speed estimation

GSM-Based Positioning Technique Using Relative Received Signal Strength

International Journal of Handheld Computing Research, 2013

Context-aware applications have been gaining huge interest in the last few years. With cell phone... more Context-aware applications have been gaining huge interest in the last few years. With cell phones becoming ubiquitous computing devices, cell phone localization has become an important research problem. Database Correlation Method (DCM) is a positioning technology that based on a database of a premeasured location dependent variable such as Received Signal Strength (RSS). DCM has shown superior in terms of accuracy. Absolute RSS values received from a base station change with time, but the relative RSS (RRSS) values which refer to the relations of the RSS values between different base stations are more stable. This study proposes and implements a robust RRSS GSM-based technique for both positioning and traffic estimation. The study was tested and analyzed in Egypt roads using realistic data and Android smart phones. The performance evaluation showed good results. Mean positioning accuracy was about 29m in urban areas and velocity estimation was about 1 km/h in rural areas.

Digital Simulation of Avionics Navigation Systems for Direction Measurements

International Conference on Aerospace Sciences and Aviation Technology, 1997

Avionics navigation systems for direction measurements have airborne receivers and ground transmi... more Avionics navigation systems for direction measurements have airborne receivers and ground transmitters, which are very expensive equipment. The training of pilots, engineers and technical staffs requires special installation of real equipment with the cooperation of both airborne and ground parts, or it is done through the aircraft simulation system which is special for each aircraft type. These techniques give only the global function training without any details of system hardware or signal processing. This work introduces a digital simulation for some avionics navigation systems of direction measurements as ADF (automatic direction finder) and TACAN (tactical air navigation) for training purposes covering : the system function, the essential processing steps, and the necessary test points. The simulated systems are interfaced with PC to control different modes of operations, and perform the necessary computations for the navigation process. The trainer is implemented using available ICs in the local market, tested, and used as an educational aid for avionics engineering students. It has the flexibility to add other new subsystems. It is of very-low cost when compared with other training facilities. The usual direct step-bystep analog simulation technique is complicated and requires special and expensive ICs as analog multipliers and mixers. The main idea behind this low-cost solution is the application of a versatile function generation using stored digital data and digital to analog conversion. Even the problem of AM (amplitude modulation) simulation process is solved using digital technique.

Operating LORAN-C Position Fix with Nonhyperbolic Position Lines

International Conference on Aerospace Sciences and Aviation Technology, 1993

Hyperbolic navigation systems (LORAN-C, DECCA Navigator and OMEGA) represent a widely used class ... more Hyperbolic navigation systems (LORAN-C, DECCA Navigator and OMEGA) represent a widely used class of position fixing syst.ems.Most of their incorporated traditional receivers display position fi<es in hyperbolic coordinates for plotting either by hand on navigation charts printed with hyperbolic overlays or they plot tracks automatically, often on distorted charts.This makes them expensive and/or manually operated .Moreover ,it amplifies certain accuracy problems related to the angle of cut of the hyperbolic position lines and geometrical factors relevant to these lines. Avionics applications as well as automatic vehicle location systems entails low-cost receivers which operate wholly or largely automatically and which display position measurements in geographical coordinates (latitudelongitude) or as headings and distances to given waypoints and/or integrated with readings from deadreckoning sensors. Solution issues to some of these problems have been addressed in two published papers by the authors.The underlying idea is to involve modifications in the processing algorithms of on-board receivers.In essence ,that modification was based on generating non-hyperbolic position lines :circles and/or ellipses out of the originally designed hyperbolic systems. Theoretical evaluation of that proposal was the subject of one the authors papers. In the present paper ,the proposed modification is applied to a real ON-EARTH LORAN-C station to confirm the obtained results. Moreover,an algorithm as well as an implementation proposals are presented .The case of short baselength as in the DECCA chains is presented with its algorithm and the proposal for implementation is highlighted. Authors are Staff members of Avionics Dept ,MTC.

Background subtraction based on time-series clustering and statistical modeling

Optical Review, 2012

This paper proposes a robust method to detect and extract silhouettes of foreground objects from ... more This paper proposes a robust method to detect and extract silhouettes of foreground objects from a video sequence of a static camera based on the improved background subtraction technique. The proposed method analyses statistically the pixel history as time series observations. The proposed method presents a robust technique to detect motions based on kernel density estimation. Two consecutive stages of the k-means clustering algorithm are utilized to identify the most reliable background regions and decrease the detection of false positives. Pixel and object based updating mechanism for the background model is presented to cope with challenges like gradual and sudden illumination changes, ghost appearance, non-stationary background objects, and moving objects that remain stable for more than the half of the training period. Experimental results show the efficiency and the robustness of the proposed method to detect and extract the silhouettes of moving objects in outdoor and indoor environments compared with conventional methods.

Detecting Drivers’ Fatigue in Different Conditions Using Real-Time Non-intrusive System

Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing

Driver's fatigue causes fatal road crashes and disrupts transportation systems. Specially in deve... more Driver's fatigue causes fatal road crashes and disrupts transportation systems. Specially in developing countries, drivers take more working hours and drive longer distances with short breaks to gain more money. This paper develops a new real time, low cost, and non-intrusive system that detects the features of the drivers' fatigue. More specifically, the system detects fatigue from the eye closer and yawning. First, the face landmarks are extracted using the histogram of oriented gradients (HOG). Then, the support vector machine (SVM) model classifies the fatigue state from the non-fatigue. The accuracy of the SVM model presented by the area under the curve (AUC) is 95%. The system is evaluated with 10 participants in conditions that can affect the detection of the face. These conditions are different light conditions, gender, age groups, people wearing reading glasses, and males with beard and moustache around their mouth. The results are very promising, and it is 100% accurate.

Analysis of Documents Clustering Using Sampled Agglomerative Technique

In this paper a clustering algorithm for documents is proposed that adapts a sampling-based pruni... more In this paper a clustering algorithm for documents is proposed that adapts a sampling-based pruning strat egy to simplify hierarchical clustering. The algorithm can be applied to any text documents data set whose entries can be em bedded in a high dimensional Euclidean space in which every doc ument is a vector of real numbers. This paper presents the res ults of an experimental study of the proposed document cluster ing technique. The performance of the method is illustr ated in terms of quality of clusters.

The Effect of Word Sampling on Document Clustering

Many techniques have been used for document clustering that depended on the number of word occurr... more Many techniques have been used for document clustering that depended on the number of word occurrences in documents. In these techniques, words are considered as dimensions of the clustering space. Since a huge number of words is found in each document, studies were held to reduce this high dimensionality for better performance i.e., words pruning. Sampling was used to choose random documents representatives to which apply clustering techniques instead of using the whole data set, but it was not implemented on words before. In this paper, we study the effect of using word sampling on document clustering as a method of high dimensionality reduction, where a random word sampling technique is presented. The Euclidean and Manhattan distance functions were both used as the similarity measure. A hybrid clustering algorithm is modified to include word sampling. The results are compared with the non-word sampling through the clustering accuracy of the resultant clusters. Key-Words: Data min...

Classifying Web 2.0 Supported Applications By Pattern Of Usage: Functional & Technical ISSUES

The rapid evolution of Internet technologies have witnessed new Web elements, such as blogs, wiki... more The rapid evolution of Internet technologies have witnessed new Web elements, such as blogs, wikis, social networking, social bookmarking, and other related applications referred to as Web 2.0. Web 1.0 paradigm was related with passive, just receptive users, whereas Web 2.0 paradigm relies mainly on user participation and user-generated content. In Web 2.0 applications users are invited to comment, share, edit, classify, as well as remix data from multiple sources. Although there are several Web 2.0 applications in the market there is still lack of a profound approach guiding the analysis, design and development of such applications. This paper suggests classifying Web 2.0 tools by “Pattern of Usage” or in other words the functionalities that characterize their specific features. By reviewing several literatures we extracted multiple attributes related to functionalities of Web 2.0 tools. These have been crystallised into 7 patterns of usage that include; Inter-connectivity, Content...

Determining Initial Starting Conditions for Documents Clustering

Unlabeled document collections are becoming increasingly common and available; mining such data s... more Unlabeled document collections are becoming increasingly common and available; mining such data sets represents a major contemporary challenge. Using words as features, text documents are often represented as high dimensional and sparse vectorsa few thousand dimensions is typical. Practical approaches to clustering such document vectors use an iterative procedure (e.g. k-means, EM) that is known to be especially sensitive to initial starting conditions (k and initial centroids). In this paper, we introduce a hybrid clustering algorithm that determines these initial conditions automatically, depending on the required quality for the obtained clusters. The hybrid algorithm combines the agglomerative hierarchical approach with the k-means approach to provide k disjoint clusters. However, the textual, unstructured nature of documents makes the task considerably more difficult than other data sets. We present the results of an experimental study of our introduced algorithm.

Classification Rules for Pre-Analysis Filtering of Web Transactions

IEEE International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications, 2006.

Page 1. Classification Rules for Pre-Analysis Filtering of Web Transactions Omar H. Karam, Ahmad ... more

Cascade Multimodal Biometric System Using Fingerprint and Iris Patterns

Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2017

Unimodal biometric systems based on single biometric trait do not often afford performance requir... more Unimodal biometric systems based on single biometric trait do not often afford performance requirements for the security applications. Multimodal biometric system uses two or more biometric traits consolidated in one single system to identify users of the system. Among many biometrics traits, fingerprint and iris can accurately identify system’s users due to their unique textures which extracted during the recognition process. In this paper we proposed a multimodal biometric identification system that sequentially combines fingerprint and iris traits in the identification process. The proposed system design improves the user convenience by reducing the identification time and maintaining very high accuracy. The proposed system tested on CASIA-Iris V1 database and FVC 2000 and 2002 fingerprint database. The experimental results show that proposed multimodal system is better than unimodal system using fingerprint or iris.

Combining CMMI Specific Practices with Scrum Model to Address Shortcomings in Process Maturity

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology

Software process improvement (SPI) is the approach to understand the software development process... more Software process improvement (SPI) is the approach to understand the software development process lifecycle and implement necessary changes to achieve a high-quality, maintainable product. The software industry is comprised of small and medium-sized enterprises that adopt agile models as their preferred model of development. The Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) model for software process improvement and quality is used to address aspects of software quality and maturity that Scrum was not initially designed to consider. CMMI is used for its reliable practices and consideration of many aspects of software development in process, project and product. After consideration of literature, three process areas are selected to address necessary elements in Scrum used by software developers in offshoring destinations. The practices are selected based on their practicality in small, agile settings and the ability to be incorporated into Scrum activities without disrupting the models sprint cycles. This opens the way for smaller enterprises to create produce quality.

Performance of Fast Algorithms of Multi-target Tracking

International Conference on Aerospace Sciences and Aviation Technology

The tracking properties of fast tracking algorithms were considered and analyzed (1-57 assuming a... more The tracking properties of fast tracking algorithms were considered and analyzed (1-57 assuming a single target in clean and in cluttered environment with various values for probability of detectionCP D. In the present work.we extend our study to tracking environments where typical multi-target tracking cases arise,e.g.,two closely spaced targets Ctypical for a target in formation)and the case of two crossing targets.The obtained the results reveal that with a 100% P D and zero clutter density.perfect data association at smaller targets spacings is provided with fast Kalman filter of order N=2 compared to N=3 for the gradient lattice filter.At higher clutter densities, even with a 100% PD, the fast Kalman filter has shown unstable behavior at target spacings below some threshold values, In case of tracking crossing tracks a nondiverging fast Kalman tracking filter with Nm2 has almost the same capability as a gradient lattice filter having N=4 at various values of P and at various clutter densities. Conditions that guarantee a stable performance of the fast Kalman filter are given.

Process and device for system characterization by spectral analysis

Fast and Accurate Practical Positioning Method using Enhanced-Lateration Technique and Adaptive Propagation Model in GSM Mode

... ACKNOWLEDGMENT We would like to thank Prof. Moustafa Youssef, Dr. Tarek Attia, Abeer A. Ghand... more

Video-speed switched-resistor A/D converter architectures

Proceedings of the 43rd IEEE Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (Cat.No.CH37144), 2000

Two economical video-speed A/D converter architectures are presented. The output is generated in ... more Two economical video-speed A/D converter architectures are presented. The output is generated in cascaded or recycled flash quantization blocks. A simple priority encoder, that comprises two gate levels, is suggested. The obtainable throughput rates should satisfy the requirements of a wide spectrum of video applications. Due to their simple hardware, the proposed architectures are amenable for monolithic integration

Predictive direction location update scheme for next generation PCS networks

International Conference on Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, 2004. ICEEC '04., 2004

Page 1. Predictive Direction Location Update Scheme for Next Generation PCS Networks Ola A. Al-So... more

Memory-based Compensation Model for Wireless Fair Scheduling Protocols

Parallel and Distributed Computing Systems, 2002

TellMe": A Novel Protocol and Location Prediction Scheme Exploiting the "One For All" Framework for Location Management

12th International Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME'05), 2005

Page 1. &quot;TellMe&quot;: A Novel Protocol and Location Prediction Scheme exploiting th... more

Speed estimation and travel direction-detection using handover in GSM: Stability analysis and experimental results in Egypt roads

In this paper, we consider the problem of positioning, travel direction detection and speed estim... more In this paper, we consider the problem of positioning, travel direction detection and speed estimation of GSM-based mobile phones. Many techniques are proposed using several technologies like GSM, UMTS or WiFi. Once these technologies are mature enough to be deployed, they will have significant impact on automotive telematics and modern public transit systems. We produce a technique for speed estimation

GSM-Based Positioning Technique Using Relative Received Signal Strength

International Journal of Handheld Computing Research, 2013

Context-aware applications have been gaining huge interest in the last few years. With cell phone... more Context-aware applications have been gaining huge interest in the last few years. With cell phones becoming ubiquitous computing devices, cell phone localization has become an important research problem. Database Correlation Method (DCM) is a positioning technology that based on a database of a premeasured location dependent variable such as Received Signal Strength (RSS). DCM has shown superior in terms of accuracy. Absolute RSS values received from a base station change with time, but the relative RSS (RRSS) values which refer to the relations of the RSS values between different base stations are more stable. This study proposes and implements a robust RRSS GSM-based technique for both positioning and traffic estimation. The study was tested and analyzed in Egypt roads using realistic data and Android smart phones. The performance evaluation showed good results. Mean positioning accuracy was about 29m in urban areas and velocity estimation was about 1 km/h in rural areas.