Background: Coconut water is one of the natural food products that is widely available around the... more Background: Coconut water is one of the natural food products that is widely available around the world. This commodity provides nutritional content that could increase rehydration status and improve health. The application of coconut water to health, including improving type 2 diabetes metabolism, has gotten research interest in recent years. Objectives: This narrative review paper aimed to summarize several articles about the nutritional content and the mechanism of the potential bioactive component in coconut water to improve type 2 diabetes metabolism. Methods: This study design was a narrative review of several articles from five databases search: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scielo, PsycINFO, Microsoft Academic, and Google Scholar. Discussion: Coconut water includes several biologically active components such as protein, amino acid, fatty acid, mineral, vitamin, and phenolic compounds. The recent discovery of nutrient content, especially antioxidant properties, and arginine in coconut wate...
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus has become a global public health problem, characterized by incre... more Introduction: Diabetes mellitus has become a global public health problem, characterized by increased intake of western style diets and decline in physical activities which are pro-inflammatory. Food diversity, nutrient profile, glycemic index and lower content of salt sugar and Tran’s fat are an important consideration for a healthy anti-inflammatory diet which may be advised for prevention of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This clinical observation aims to examine the effects of a millets based functional food rich intervention diet on coronary risk factors among subjects with known diabetes. Method: After permission from the review board of a hospital, hospital records of 65 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus were drawn for this study. Of 65 patients with diabetes, 5 were excluded and remaining 60 were administered millet-based functional food rich intervention diet (millets 60%, soya bean 20%, brown rice 10%, peanuts 8% and flex seeds 2%). Clinical dat...
The objective of this study was to analyze food habits and carbohydrate contribution intake from ... more The objective of this study was to analyze food habits and carbohydrate contribution intake from sago consumption in Kepulauan Meranti regency Riau Province. The study design was cross sectional study through interviews and filling out FFQ and food recall questionnaires, also measurement of body mass index from 181 subjects with inclusion criteria are sago consumption, aged 35-80 years, and undiagnosed with diabetes. The results showed that there were 71,16% participant have been consumed sago more than 10 years and consumed sago 1-6 times a week, about 173,7±88,3 g/day. Subjects with normal body mass index (BMI) were more than 50%. There were significant correlation between energy and carbohydrate intake with BMI. Frequency of sago consumption have significant correlation with carbohydrate and fat intake, nor with sago consumption. The significant correlation between the carbohydrates contribution from sago to amount of sago consumption (g / day), frequency of sago consumption / m...
The extrusion process may influence the nutritional profiles of carbohydrate-rich food ingredient... more The extrusion process may influence the nutritional profiles of carbohydrate-rich food ingredients, including the glycemic index (GI) and antioxidant capacity. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional profile of extruded purple sweet potato (EPSP) substituted with kidney bean flour (KBF) (0, 30, and 40%). These foods were further characterized by their proximate composition, resistant starch, polyphenols, GI, and antioxidant capacities. The 40% KBF substitution enhanced the protein and fiber contents of the EPSP by up to 8% and 6%, respectively. Moreover, it also revealed that EPSP with 40% KBF substitution had a low-GI category (53.1), while the 0 and 30% substitution levels had a high-GI category, i.e., 77.4 and 74.7, respectively. However, the extrusion processing reduced the anthocyanin content and antioxidant capacity of purple sweet potato flour containing 40% KBF by 48% and 19%, respectively. There was a significant relationship between the GI values of proteins, fats, an...
An increase in the number of elderly people indicates a higher life expectancy. However, this is ... more An increase in the number of elderly people indicates a higher life expectancy. However, this is also a new challenge since the elderly tends to have age-related diseases, thus the physical, psychological, and sensory disorders that will affect their nutritional status. The development of geriatric foods such as cream soup made from pumpkin and tempeh is considered to be the solution to prevent this situation. This study used a factorial randomized design, containing processing methods (fresh and instant) and the addition of tempeh (0%, 75%, and 100%). Sensory evaluation (rating and ranking test), physical characteristics (pH, yield, rehydration, and viscosity), nutritional analysis (proximate, crude fibre, dietary fibre, vitamins B6 and B12, and β-carotene content), and acceptance analysis of cream soup fresh and instant were examined. Physical characterization revealed that the product had a pH of 5.4–5.7, a viscosity of 1250–2190 cP, a rehydration ratio of 5.51–6.47 g mL-1, and a...
Black oncom is a fermented product from the by-product of peanuts that can be processed into flou... more Black oncom is a fermented product from the by-product of peanuts that can be processed into flour and used as a food ingredient in the development of biscuit products. These biscuit products offer the same potential benefits as peanuts. Therefore, an evaluation of the potential aspects of nutritional contents (amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins (B6, B9 and E), minerals (Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Se), and food safety (aflatoxin B1 and total aflatoxin)) of black oncom biscuits compared to peanut biscuits was needed. Based on the independent t-test analysis, black oncom biscuits had significantly higher nutritional contents (p < 0.05) than peanut biscuits, especially the amino acid components of leucine, isoleucine, valine, threonine, arginine, proline, serine, glycine, alanine, vitamin B6, magnesium and zinc. The fatty acid profile, in general, was not significantly different than peanut biscuits, except for heptadecenoic, docosahexaenoic, arachidonic, arachidic, oleic, linolenic and omega 9 fatty acids. In addition, black oncom biscuits had a low aflatoxin content in accordance with food safety standards. Overall, black oncom biscuits have higher nutritional contents than peanut biscuits in several amino acids, vitamin B6, and several minerals and contain aflatoxins that meet the safety standards.
The us age of rifampicin, isonoazid, pyrazinamide and ethambuthol to treat tuberculosis ( T b) le... more The us age of rifampicin, isonoazid, pyrazinamide and ethambuthol to treat tuberculosis ( T b) leads to hepatotoxicity which affects patient’s body weight and nutritional status. Numerous studies have shown propolis to act as a hepatoprotector. This study aimed to clinically evaluate the ability of propolis to protect the liver from the toxic effects of anti tuberculosis drug (ATD) and its impact on body weight and nutritional status changes of patients with pulmonary T b . Randomized clinical controlled trial, involving 50 subjects of lung T b patients divided into three groups: control (P0), propolis 1 supplementation (P1) and propolis 2 supplementation (P2); each subject received intervention for 6 months. Biomarkers of liver toxicity; SGPT, SGOT, BT, SOD and GSH were measured three times and body weight and nutritional status were assessed weekly during treatment. Measurement of liver toxicity biomarkers showed control groups experienced high liver oxidative damage during the in...
Future of Food: Journal on Food, Agriculture and Society, 2013
Hunger is still a major problem faced by people in the world especially in some areas in developi... more Hunger is still a major problem faced by people in the world especially in some areas in developing countries, and this condition is a cause of undernutrition . Insufficient nutrition during the early stages of life may adversely influence brain development. It was observed from my own research conducted in Bogor, Indonesia, that children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM, body mass index or BMI for age z score 2) (N=6) tended to (p<0.1) have lower memory ability score (50.33±5.64) than the normal children. It is therefore very important to maintain children at a normal BMI, not being undernourished (SAM and MAM categories) on one side and not being overnourished (overweight and obesity categories) on the other side in order to optimise their brain development. This could be achieved through providing children with a n adequate and balanced nutrient supply via food. Keywords: Hunger; Malnutrition; Brain development Submitted: 15 September 2013; Revised: 22 October 2013; Accepte...
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 2016
This research was designed to determine the phytochemical components of the ethanol extract of pr... more This research was designed to determine the phytochemical components of the ethanol extract of propolis Trigona spp. using GC-MS. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of twelve different compounds in ethanol extract of propolis Trigona spp. from South Sulawesi region. The main phytochemical compounds identified in propolis from South Sulawesi were octadecane (11.87%) and from twelve compounds identified only six compounds were reported to have biological activity. The ethanol extract of propolis Trigona spp. from South Kalimantan region indicated the presence of eight different bioactive compounds with highest peak area of 0.96% for tricosane, from eight compounds identified only three compounds were reported to have biological activity. The ethanol extract of propolis Trigona spp. from Banten region showed the presence of eight different bioactive compounds with highest peak area of 4.80% for nonacosane and from the eight compounds identified only five compounds were reported to have...
International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research, 2016
Studying childhood obesity is essential to identify early or initial triggers for cardiovascular ... more Studying childhood obesity is essential to identify early or initial triggers for cardiovascular disease. Inflammation and oxidative stress are known to be key factors in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Consuming fresh fruits, vegetables and regular physical activity may protect against some chronic diseases caused by oxidative stress and inflammation. Red dragon fruit contains vitamins, minerals and phytochemical properties that are needed for human health. This study was intended to evaluate effects of red dragon fruits (Hylocereus polyrhizus) powder and swimming exercise on inflammation, oxidative stress , and physical fitness in male obesity rats ( Sprague dawley).There were 24 rats divided by two groups, 20 rats induced obesity by giving high fat diet, and 4 rats given standard diet for 19 weeks. Another 4 weeks 20 rats were already obese divided into 5 groups intervention as follows : standard diet (SD), high fat diet (HFD), high fat diet plus swimming exercise (HF...
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2021
Objective: This study aims to determine the antiemetic potential of stingless bee propolis in red... more Objective: This study aims to determine the antiemetic potential of stingless bee propolis in reducing the prevalence of nausea due to consumption of Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs (ATD) in Tuberculosis patients and to identify phytochemical compounds that act as an antiemetic in propolis. Methods: The stingless bee propolis used was Wallacetrigona incisa from South Sulawesi. The clinical testing used the randomized controlled trial, randomization using permuted block randomization consisting of one positive control group and two treatment groups. The active components analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) pyrolyzer. Results: This study found that the measurement at week 0 obtained the mean value of nausea per week for each group P0 (Placebo), P1 (Propolis 6%), and P2 (Propolis 30%) were respectively 2.14; 1.5 and 5.2 events/week, at week 8 the prevalence of nausea by 2.0; 1.0; and 1.6 events/week, and week 24 the prevalence of nausea by 3.0; 0; and 0 events/week. The...
World Health Organization {WHO) estimate that the number of people living with dementia worldwide... more World Health Organization {WHO) estimate that the number of people living with dementia worldwide, may be approximately 50 million which is projected to increase to 75 million by 2030. Epidemiological studies indicate a consistent relationship between the development of cognitive impairment and dementia with lifestyle-related risk factors, such as physical inactivity, unhealthy diets, short sleep, night shift work, tobacco use, and harmful use of alcohol. Apart from behavioural risk factors, cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs); obesity, hypertension, diabetes, stroke and hypercholesterolemia, as well as depression are also associated with an increased risk of dementia. In a few studies, social
The Role of Functional Food Security in Global Health
Abstract Propolis is a resinous substance collected by bees to construct and protect their hives.... more Abstract Propolis is a resinous substance collected by bees to construct and protect their hives. It has been known to demonstrate many health benefits. Our researches focus on biological activities of Indonesian propolis produced by stingless bee. There is varietion in chemical composition, toxicity, and antioxidant activity of Indonesian propolis derived from several provinces. Moreover, propolis posesses an immunomodulatory effect by improving phagocytosis, inducing NO and IgG production, and decreasing TNF-α expression. We also discuss propolis as an antituberculosis agent by causing rapid nutritional status improvement to shorten time of recovery. At the end of this chapter, we raise the less explored function of propolis, which is as an antiemesis. This function is very useful for some medications with nausea as a side-effect.
Background: Coconut water is one of the natural food products that is widely available around the... more Background: Coconut water is one of the natural food products that is widely available around the world. This commodity provides nutritional content that could increase rehydration status and improve health. The application of coconut water to health, including improving type 2 diabetes metabolism, has gotten research interest in recent years. Objectives: This narrative review paper aimed to summarize several articles about the nutritional content and the mechanism of the potential bioactive component in coconut water to improve type 2 diabetes metabolism. Methods: This study design was a narrative review of several articles from five databases search: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scielo, PsycINFO, Microsoft Academic, and Google Scholar. Discussion: Coconut water includes several biologically active components such as protein, amino acid, fatty acid, mineral, vitamin, and phenolic compounds. The recent discovery of nutrient content, especially antioxidant properties, and arginine in coconut wate...
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus has become a global public health problem, characterized by incre... more Introduction: Diabetes mellitus has become a global public health problem, characterized by increased intake of western style diets and decline in physical activities which are pro-inflammatory. Food diversity, nutrient profile, glycemic index and lower content of salt sugar and Tran’s fat are an important consideration for a healthy anti-inflammatory diet which may be advised for prevention of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This clinical observation aims to examine the effects of a millets based functional food rich intervention diet on coronary risk factors among subjects with known diabetes. Method: After permission from the review board of a hospital, hospital records of 65 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus were drawn for this study. Of 65 patients with diabetes, 5 were excluded and remaining 60 were administered millet-based functional food rich intervention diet (millets 60%, soya bean 20%, brown rice 10%, peanuts 8% and flex seeds 2%). Clinical dat...
The objective of this study was to analyze food habits and carbohydrate contribution intake from ... more The objective of this study was to analyze food habits and carbohydrate contribution intake from sago consumption in Kepulauan Meranti regency Riau Province. The study design was cross sectional study through interviews and filling out FFQ and food recall questionnaires, also measurement of body mass index from 181 subjects with inclusion criteria are sago consumption, aged 35-80 years, and undiagnosed with diabetes. The results showed that there were 71,16% participant have been consumed sago more than 10 years and consumed sago 1-6 times a week, about 173,7±88,3 g/day. Subjects with normal body mass index (BMI) were more than 50%. There were significant correlation between energy and carbohydrate intake with BMI. Frequency of sago consumption have significant correlation with carbohydrate and fat intake, nor with sago consumption. The significant correlation between the carbohydrates contribution from sago to amount of sago consumption (g / day), frequency of sago consumption / m...
The extrusion process may influence the nutritional profiles of carbohydrate-rich food ingredient... more The extrusion process may influence the nutritional profiles of carbohydrate-rich food ingredients, including the glycemic index (GI) and antioxidant capacity. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional profile of extruded purple sweet potato (EPSP) substituted with kidney bean flour (KBF) (0, 30, and 40%). These foods were further characterized by their proximate composition, resistant starch, polyphenols, GI, and antioxidant capacities. The 40% KBF substitution enhanced the protein and fiber contents of the EPSP by up to 8% and 6%, respectively. Moreover, it also revealed that EPSP with 40% KBF substitution had a low-GI category (53.1), while the 0 and 30% substitution levels had a high-GI category, i.e., 77.4 and 74.7, respectively. However, the extrusion processing reduced the anthocyanin content and antioxidant capacity of purple sweet potato flour containing 40% KBF by 48% and 19%, respectively. There was a significant relationship between the GI values of proteins, fats, an...
An increase in the number of elderly people indicates a higher life expectancy. However, this is ... more An increase in the number of elderly people indicates a higher life expectancy. However, this is also a new challenge since the elderly tends to have age-related diseases, thus the physical, psychological, and sensory disorders that will affect their nutritional status. The development of geriatric foods such as cream soup made from pumpkin and tempeh is considered to be the solution to prevent this situation. This study used a factorial randomized design, containing processing methods (fresh and instant) and the addition of tempeh (0%, 75%, and 100%). Sensory evaluation (rating and ranking test), physical characteristics (pH, yield, rehydration, and viscosity), nutritional analysis (proximate, crude fibre, dietary fibre, vitamins B6 and B12, and β-carotene content), and acceptance analysis of cream soup fresh and instant were examined. Physical characterization revealed that the product had a pH of 5.4–5.7, a viscosity of 1250–2190 cP, a rehydration ratio of 5.51–6.47 g mL-1, and a...
Black oncom is a fermented product from the by-product of peanuts that can be processed into flou... more Black oncom is a fermented product from the by-product of peanuts that can be processed into flour and used as a food ingredient in the development of biscuit products. These biscuit products offer the same potential benefits as peanuts. Therefore, an evaluation of the potential aspects of nutritional contents (amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins (B6, B9 and E), minerals (Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Se), and food safety (aflatoxin B1 and total aflatoxin)) of black oncom biscuits compared to peanut biscuits was needed. Based on the independent t-test analysis, black oncom biscuits had significantly higher nutritional contents (p < 0.05) than peanut biscuits, especially the amino acid components of leucine, isoleucine, valine, threonine, arginine, proline, serine, glycine, alanine, vitamin B6, magnesium and zinc. The fatty acid profile, in general, was not significantly different than peanut biscuits, except for heptadecenoic, docosahexaenoic, arachidonic, arachidic, oleic, linolenic and omega 9 fatty acids. In addition, black oncom biscuits had a low aflatoxin content in accordance with food safety standards. Overall, black oncom biscuits have higher nutritional contents than peanut biscuits in several amino acids, vitamin B6, and several minerals and contain aflatoxins that meet the safety standards.
The us age of rifampicin, isonoazid, pyrazinamide and ethambuthol to treat tuberculosis ( T b) le... more The us age of rifampicin, isonoazid, pyrazinamide and ethambuthol to treat tuberculosis ( T b) leads to hepatotoxicity which affects patient’s body weight and nutritional status. Numerous studies have shown propolis to act as a hepatoprotector. This study aimed to clinically evaluate the ability of propolis to protect the liver from the toxic effects of anti tuberculosis drug (ATD) and its impact on body weight and nutritional status changes of patients with pulmonary T b . Randomized clinical controlled trial, involving 50 subjects of lung T b patients divided into three groups: control (P0), propolis 1 supplementation (P1) and propolis 2 supplementation (P2); each subject received intervention for 6 months. Biomarkers of liver toxicity; SGPT, SGOT, BT, SOD and GSH were measured three times and body weight and nutritional status were assessed weekly during treatment. Measurement of liver toxicity biomarkers showed control groups experienced high liver oxidative damage during the in...
Future of Food: Journal on Food, Agriculture and Society, 2013
Hunger is still a major problem faced by people in the world especially in some areas in developi... more Hunger is still a major problem faced by people in the world especially in some areas in developing countries, and this condition is a cause of undernutrition . Insufficient nutrition during the early stages of life may adversely influence brain development. It was observed from my own research conducted in Bogor, Indonesia, that children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM, body mass index or BMI for age z score 2) (N=6) tended to (p<0.1) have lower memory ability score (50.33±5.64) than the normal children. It is therefore very important to maintain children at a normal BMI, not being undernourished (SAM and MAM categories) on one side and not being overnourished (overweight and obesity categories) on the other side in order to optimise their brain development. This could be achieved through providing children with a n adequate and balanced nutrient supply via food. Keywords: Hunger; Malnutrition; Brain development Submitted: 15 September 2013; Revised: 22 October 2013; Accepte...
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 2016
This research was designed to determine the phytochemical components of the ethanol extract of pr... more This research was designed to determine the phytochemical components of the ethanol extract of propolis Trigona spp. using GC-MS. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of twelve different compounds in ethanol extract of propolis Trigona spp. from South Sulawesi region. The main phytochemical compounds identified in propolis from South Sulawesi were octadecane (11.87%) and from twelve compounds identified only six compounds were reported to have biological activity. The ethanol extract of propolis Trigona spp. from South Kalimantan region indicated the presence of eight different bioactive compounds with highest peak area of 0.96% for tricosane, from eight compounds identified only three compounds were reported to have biological activity. The ethanol extract of propolis Trigona spp. from Banten region showed the presence of eight different bioactive compounds with highest peak area of 4.80% for nonacosane and from the eight compounds identified only five compounds were reported to have...
International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research, 2016
Studying childhood obesity is essential to identify early or initial triggers for cardiovascular ... more Studying childhood obesity is essential to identify early or initial triggers for cardiovascular disease. Inflammation and oxidative stress are known to be key factors in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Consuming fresh fruits, vegetables and regular physical activity may protect against some chronic diseases caused by oxidative stress and inflammation. Red dragon fruit contains vitamins, minerals and phytochemical properties that are needed for human health. This study was intended to evaluate effects of red dragon fruits (Hylocereus polyrhizus) powder and swimming exercise on inflammation, oxidative stress , and physical fitness in male obesity rats ( Sprague dawley).There were 24 rats divided by two groups, 20 rats induced obesity by giving high fat diet, and 4 rats given standard diet for 19 weeks. Another 4 weeks 20 rats were already obese divided into 5 groups intervention as follows : standard diet (SD), high fat diet (HFD), high fat diet plus swimming exercise (HF...
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2021
Objective: This study aims to determine the antiemetic potential of stingless bee propolis in red... more Objective: This study aims to determine the antiemetic potential of stingless bee propolis in reducing the prevalence of nausea due to consumption of Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs (ATD) in Tuberculosis patients and to identify phytochemical compounds that act as an antiemetic in propolis. Methods: The stingless bee propolis used was Wallacetrigona incisa from South Sulawesi. The clinical testing used the randomized controlled trial, randomization using permuted block randomization consisting of one positive control group and two treatment groups. The active components analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) pyrolyzer. Results: This study found that the measurement at week 0 obtained the mean value of nausea per week for each group P0 (Placebo), P1 (Propolis 6%), and P2 (Propolis 30%) were respectively 2.14; 1.5 and 5.2 events/week, at week 8 the prevalence of nausea by 2.0; 1.0; and 1.6 events/week, and week 24 the prevalence of nausea by 3.0; 0; and 0 events/week. The...
World Health Organization {WHO) estimate that the number of people living with dementia worldwide... more World Health Organization {WHO) estimate that the number of people living with dementia worldwide, may be approximately 50 million which is projected to increase to 75 million by 2030. Epidemiological studies indicate a consistent relationship between the development of cognitive impairment and dementia with lifestyle-related risk factors, such as physical inactivity, unhealthy diets, short sleep, night shift work, tobacco use, and harmful use of alcohol. Apart from behavioural risk factors, cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs); obesity, hypertension, diabetes, stroke and hypercholesterolemia, as well as depression are also associated with an increased risk of dementia. In a few studies, social
The Role of Functional Food Security in Global Health
Abstract Propolis is a resinous substance collected by bees to construct and protect their hives.... more Abstract Propolis is a resinous substance collected by bees to construct and protect their hives. It has been known to demonstrate many health benefits. Our researches focus on biological activities of Indonesian propolis produced by stingless bee. There is varietion in chemical composition, toxicity, and antioxidant activity of Indonesian propolis derived from several provinces. Moreover, propolis posesses an immunomodulatory effect by improving phagocytosis, inducing NO and IgG production, and decreasing TNF-α expression. We also discuss propolis as an antituberculosis agent by causing rapid nutritional status improvement to shorten time of recovery. At the end of this chapter, we raise the less explored function of propolis, which is as an antiemesis. This function is very useful for some medications with nausea as a side-effect.
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