ABSTRAK SOLIDIFIKASI SLUDGE AKTIF HASIL PROSES BIOOKSIDASI LIMBAH RADIOAKTIF CAIR ORGANIK DARI PE... more ABSTRAK SOLIDIFIKASI SLUDGE AKTIF HASIL PROSES BIOOKSIDASI LIMBAH RADIOAKTIF CAIR ORGANIK DARI PEMURNIAN ASAM FOSFAT MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN MATRIKS BITUMEN. Kegiatan dekomisioning fasilitas Pemurnian Asam Fosfat Petrokimia Gresik (PAF-PKG) menimbulkan limbah radioaktif cair organik yang mengandung uranium, solven (pelarut), dan air, mempunyai pH 3,48, BOD 2.200 ppm, COD 31,500 ppm, aktivitas alfa dan beta berturut-turut 1.200 dan 2.600 Bq/liter. Limbah tersebut dinetralkan dan diolah dengan proses biooksidasi menggunakan campuran bakteri yang diaerasi dan diberi nutrisi nitrogen dan fosfor. Bakteri memakan dan menguraikan kandungan zat organiknya menjadi CO 2 dan H 2 O. Bakteri yang tumbuh dan yang mati membentuk biomassa dan unsur radioaktifnya terbiosorpsi oleh biomassa bakteri. Hasil pengolahan berupa beningan yang telah memenuhi baku mutu untuk dibuang, dan sludge aktif yang beraktivitas alfa pada nilai 0,4 ≤ α ≤ 40,2 Bq/liter (atau 1,80x10-8 ≤ α ≤ 1,08x10-6 Ci/m 3), beta pada harga 1173 ≤ β ≤ 4100 Bq/liter dan kadar padatan total 40-50 % berat. Sludge tersebut mengandung uranium termasuk dalam klasifikasi limbah alfa yang harus disolidifikasi (dipadatkan) dengan matriks plastik polimer atau bitumen. Bitumen yang merupakan campuran hidrokarbon dengan jumlah atom C di atas 25 adalah matriks terpilih untuk solidifikasi limbah sludge tersebut karena pada suatu saat memungkinkan untuk mengambil kembali uraniumnya menggunakan suatu pelarut. Proses bituminasi dilakukan melalui pelelehan bitumen, pencampuran lelehan bitumen dan limbah pada suhu sekitar 161-165 o C sehingga sisa cairan menguap. Hasil bituminasi mengandung cairan < 0,5 %, harus memenuhi kualifikasi uji lindih dengan laju pelindihan 10-6-10-8 g/cm 2 .hari. Kata kunci : dekomisioning fasilitas nuklir, solidifikasi limbah sludge aktif, bituminasi. ABSTRACT THE SOLIDIFICATION OF ACTIVE SLUDGE FROM BIOOXIDATION PROCESS OF ORGANIC LIQUID RADIOACTIVE WASTE ARISING FROM PHOSPHORIC ACID PURIFICATION USING MATRIX MATERIAL OF BITUMEN. The decommissioning of Phosphoric Acid Purification-Petrokimia Gresik (PAF-PKG) facility generates organic radioactive liquid waste containing uranium, solvent, and water with values of pH 3,48, BOD 2.200 ppm, and COD 31.500 ppm, activity of alpha and beta are 1200 and 2600 Bq/liter respectively. The waste was neutralized and treated by bio-oxidation process using mixture of aerated bacteria which was given the nutrition of nitrogen and phosphor. The bacteria eats and degrades organic matters to become CO 2 and H 2 O. The regenerated and dead bacteria forms biomass that performing bio-sorption of the radioactive elements. The process results was non toxic and non radioactive water supernatant which has fulfill the quality standard to be released, and radioactive sludge having the activities of alpha 0,4 ≤ α ≤ 40,2 Bq/liter, and beta 1173 ≤ β ≤ 4100 Bq/liter, and total suspended solid of 40-50 % weight. The sludge contains uranium including alpha waste classification, must be solidified using plastic polymer or bitumen matrix. The bitumen composing mixture of hydrocarbon compound having the number of carbon more than 25 is the selected matrix for solidification of that sludge because there is possibility to recover uranium by dissolution of embedded waste using solvents. The bitumination are performed by the sequences process i.e. : melting of bitumen, mixing of filtered sludge with liquid bitumen at temperature condition of 161-165 o C to evaporate the remaining liquid content, and receiving of bitumination product on the container. The results of bitumination product containing liquid < 0,5 % weight must conforms to the leaching rate qualification of 10-6-10-8 g/cm 2 .day. Key wards: decommissioning of nuclear facility, solidification of active sludge waste, bitumination.
ABSTRAK SOLIDIFIKASI SLUDGE AKTIF HASIL PROSES BIOOKSIDASI LIMBAH RADIOAKTIF CAIR ORGANIK DARI PE... more ABSTRAK SOLIDIFIKASI SLUDGE AKTIF HASIL PROSES BIOOKSIDASI LIMBAH RADIOAKTIF CAIR ORGANIK DARI PEMURNIAN ASAM FOSFAT MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN MATRIKS BITUMEN. Kegiatan dekomisioning fasilitas Pemurnian Asam Fosfat Petrokimia Gresik (PAF-PKG) menimbulkan limbah radioaktif cair organik yang mengandung uranium, solven (pelarut), dan air, mempunyai pH 3,48, BOD 2.200 ppm, COD 31,500 ppm, aktivitas alfa dan beta berturut-turut 1.200 dan 2.600 Bq/liter. Limbah tersebut dinetralkan dan diolah dengan proses biooksidasi menggunakan campuran bakteri yang diaerasi dan diberi nutrisi nitrogen dan fosfor. Bakteri memakan dan menguraikan kandungan zat organiknya menjadi CO 2 dan H 2 O. Bakteri yang tumbuh dan yang mati membentuk biomassa dan unsur radioaktifnya terbiosorpsi oleh biomassa bakteri. Hasil pengolahan berupa beningan yang telah memenuhi baku mutu untuk dibuang, dan sludge aktif yang beraktivitas alfa pada nilai 0,4 ≤ α ≤ 40,2 Bq/liter (atau 1,80x10-8 ≤ α ≤ 1,08x10-6 Ci/m 3), beta pada harga 1173 ≤ β ≤ 4100 Bq/liter dan kadar padatan total 40-50 % berat. Sludge tersebut mengandung uranium termasuk dalam klasifikasi limbah alfa yang harus disolidifikasi (dipadatkan) dengan matriks plastik polimer atau bitumen. Bitumen yang merupakan campuran hidrokarbon dengan jumlah atom C di atas 25 adalah matriks terpilih untuk solidifikasi limbah sludge tersebut karena pada suatu saat memungkinkan untuk mengambil kembali uraniumnya menggunakan suatu pelarut. Proses bituminasi dilakukan melalui pelelehan bitumen, pencampuran lelehan bitumen dan limbah pada suhu sekitar 161-165 o C sehingga sisa cairan menguap. Hasil bituminasi mengandung cairan < 0,5 %, harus memenuhi kualifikasi uji lindih dengan laju pelindihan 10-6-10-8 g/cm 2 .hari. Kata kunci : dekomisioning fasilitas nuklir, solidifikasi limbah sludge aktif, bituminasi. ABSTRACT THE SOLIDIFICATION OF ACTIVE SLUDGE FROM BIOOXIDATION PROCESS OF ORGANIC LIQUID RADIOACTIVE WASTE ARISING FROM PHOSPHORIC ACID PURIFICATION USING MATRIX MATERIAL OF BITUMEN. The decommissioning of Phosphoric Acid Purification-Petrokimia Gresik (PAF-PKG) facility generates organic radioactive liquid waste containing uranium, solvent, and water with values of pH 3,48, BOD 2.200 ppm, and COD 31.500 ppm, activity of alpha and beta are 1200 and 2600 Bq/liter respectively. The waste was neutralized and treated by bio-oxidation process using mixture of aerated bacteria which was given the nutrition of nitrogen and phosphor. The bacteria eats and degrades organic matters to become CO 2 and H 2 O. The regenerated and dead bacteria forms biomass that performing bio-sorption of the radioactive elements. The process results was non toxic and non radioactive water supernatant which has fulfill the quality standard to be released, and radioactive sludge having the activities of alpha 0,4 ≤ α ≤ 40,2 Bq/liter, and beta 1173 ≤ β ≤ 4100 Bq/liter, and total suspended solid of 40-50 % weight. The sludge contains uranium including alpha waste classification, must be solidified using plastic polymer or bitumen matrix. The bitumen composing mixture of hydrocarbon compound having the number of carbon more than 25 is the selected matrix for solidification of that sludge because there is possibility to recover uranium by dissolution of embedded waste using solvents. The bitumination are performed by the sequences process i.e. : melting of bitumen, mixing of filtered sludge with liquid bitumen at temperature condition of 161-165 o C to evaporate the remaining liquid content, and receiving of bitumination product on the container. The results of bitumination product containing liquid < 0,5 % weight must conforms to the leaching rate qualification of 10-6-10-8 g/cm 2 .day. Key wards: decommissioning of nuclear facility, solidification of active sludge waste, bitumination.
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