Papers by Yacoubou Bakasso
Le niebe est la deuxieme espece la plus cultivee au Niger apres le mil. Cette legumineuse est pre... more Le niebe est la deuxieme espece la plus cultivee au Niger apres le mil. Cette legumineuse est presente dans tous les pays saheliens ou elle est cultivee en culture pure ou, le plus souvent, en association avec les cereales (mil, sorgho). La diversification de la production, impulsee par les dynamiques locales d'integration agriculture-elevage et les dynamiques de marche du grain et des fourrage de niebe, renforcent le besoin de varietes adaptees localement et performantes pour une production a une fin double visant a la fois le grain et les fourrage (coques, fanes). Il existe une large diversite varietale du niebe en zone sahelienne, incluant des varietes traditionnelles et des varietes ameliorees. Nous avons caracterise la variabilite du rendement grains et du rendement fourrager d'une quarantaine de varietes de niebe, au sein d'un dispositif d'essai participatif avec les paysans, reparti sur 10 villages du Centre-sud et de l'Ouest du Niger (replication sur deux...
Analyse de la diversité des cultivars d'oignon (Allium cepa L.) du Niger en vue de leur conservat... more Analyse de la diversité des cultivars d'oignon (Allium cepa L.) du Niger en vue de leur conservation et de leur amélioration Analysis of the diversity of onion (Allium cepa L.
African Journal of Biotechnology, Jun 26, 2013
The chemical composition of calyces and seeds of three ecotypes of Roselle from Niger was compare... more The chemical composition of calyces and seeds of three ecotypes of Roselle from Niger was compared. The results indicate that calcium (Ca), potassium (K), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg) and protein contents in calyces are significantly different (P<0.005) among ecotypes. The highest concentrations of K, Na, Mg and protein in calyces were recorded for ecotype E7 (35.66, 3.40, 6.01 and 101 mg/g d.w., respectively). Ecotype E9 had the highest Ca content in calyces (34.41 mg/g d.w.); while E3 and E7 had similar and lower contents. The protein content in calyces for E9 (52 mg/g d.w.) was approximately halved compared to those of E3 and E7. For all ecotypes, the concentrations of Ca, K, Mn, Na and Fe in the calyces were higher compared to those in the seeds. In contrast, P content was higher in seeds. The highest K, Na, Mg and P concentrations in seeds were registered for E7 and the lowest ones for E9. Ecotypes E3 and E9 recorded higher and similar Cu, Fe and Mn contents in calyces and in seeds compared to E7. The highest Zn concentrations in seeds were obtained for E3 and E7.
Analyse de la diversité des cultivars d'oignon (Allium cepa L.) du Niger en vue de leur conservat... more Analyse de la diversité des cultivars d'oignon (Allium cepa L.) du Niger en vue de leur conservation et de leur amélioration Analysis of the diversity of onion (Allium cepa L.
African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, Jul 8, 2010
In the western Sahel, leaves of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) have considerable economic importan... more In the western Sahel, leaves of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) have considerable economic importance because of their nutritional and medical uses. These plant organs are used to supplement nutrients provided by cereals such as millet and sorghum. However, there is a lack of information on the nutrient composition of these plant organs of Roselle at different growth stages. Therefore, the experiment was carried out under rainfall conditions during the 2006 rainy season (from July to September) at the experimental station of the Agrhymet Regional Centre in Niamey (Niger). The content of the micronutrients Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in leaves of three ecotypes of Roselle (A3, A7 and A9) at three growth stages, vegetative (stage I), flowering (stage II), and mature (stage III) was determined. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replicates and one variable (ecotype). Results indicated that at stage I, ecotype A3 had higher Fe content in leaves. In addition, A3 had also the highest Zn content in leaves at stage I. For all three ecotypes, Fe and Zn content in the leaves decreased significantly (p<0.05) from stage I to stage II, then remained constant until stage III. For Fe, the decrease between stage I and II was 37% for A3 and 50%, respectively for A7 and A9. The corresponding decrease of Zn content was 30% for A7 and 50%, respectively, for A3 and A9. The Mn content in the leaves of Roselle was similar for the three ecotypes at stage I, thereafter increased continuously during plant growth. From stage I to II, the increase was about 90%, 70% and 50%, respectively for A9, A7 and A3. From stage II to III, the increase in Mn content in the leaves was significantly (p<0.05) higher for A3 and A7, respectively 180% and 80%. At stages I and II, the highest Cu content was recorded for A3 and the lowest one for A7. During the whole cycle of plant growth, the Cu content in the leaves was relatively constant for A9. In contrast, Cu content in the leaves decreased for the remaining ecotypes. Therefore the vegetative stage corresponding to 25 days after sowing is the recommended optimal harvest time of Roselle to maximise on the nutrients.
African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, Nov 15, 2010
In the western Sahel, leaves of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) have considerable economic importan... more In the western Sahel, leaves of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) have considerable economic importance because of their nutritional and medical uses. These plant organs are used to supplement nutrients provided by cereals such as millet and sorghum. However, there is a lack of information on the nutrient composition of these plant organs of Roselle at different growth stages. Therefore, the experiment was carried out under rainfall conditions during the 2006 rainy season (from July to September) at the experimental station of the Agrhymet Regional Centre in Niamey (Niger). The content of the micronutrients Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in leaves of three ecotypes of Roselle (A3, A7 and A9) at three growth stages, vegetative (stage I), flowering (stage II), and mature (stage III) was determined. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replicates and one variable (ecotype). Results indicated that at stage I, ecotype A3 had higher Fe content in leaves. In addition, A3 had also the highest Zn content in leaves at stage I. For all three ecotypes, Fe and Zn content in the leaves decreased significantly (p<0.05) from stage I to stage II, then remained constant until stage III. For Fe, the decrease between stage I and II was 37% for A3 and 50%, respectively for A7 and A9. The corresponding decrease of Zn content was 30% for A7 and 50%, respectively, for A3 and A9. The Mn content in the leaves of Roselle was similar for the three ecotypes at stage I, thereafter increased continuously during plant growth. From stage I to II, the increase was about 90%, 70% and 50%, respectively for A9, A7 and A3. From stage II to III, the increase in Mn content in the leaves was significantly (p<0.05) higher for A3 and A7, respectively 180% and 80%. At stages I and II, the highest Cu content was recorded for A3 and the lowest one for A7. During the whole cycle of plant growth, the Cu content in the leaves was relatively constant for A9. In contrast, Cu content in the leaves decreased for the remaining ecotypes. Therefore the vegetative stage corresponding to 25 days after sowing is the recommended optimal harvest time of Roselle to maximise on the nutrients.
Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement, 2015
Description du sujet. Cette étude synthétise les principaux résultats sur la biologie de l'oignon... more Description du sujet. Cette étude synthétise les principaux résultats sur la biologie de l'oignon, les ressources phytogénétiques, la position taxonomique ainsi que les marqueurs morphologiques, biochimiques et moléculaires pour l'analyse de la diversité génétique de l'oignon, avec une attention particulière pour l'Afrique. Plante monocotylédone, allogame, entomophile, avec un cycle cultural annuel pour la production des bulbes, bisannuel pour celle des graines, l'oignon est l'un des légumes les plus importants au monde en raison de son utilisation en alimentation et en médecine. Littérature. Afin de caractériser la diversité génétique de l'oignon, 28 marqueurs morphologiques ont été définis sur base de l'observation des graines, des feuilles, des fleurs et des bulbes. Des marqueurs biochimiques et moléculaires ont aussi été développés, notamment pour analyser les variations génétiques entre et à l'intérieur des variétés. Des études entre les variétés de l'oignon d'Afrique de l'Ouest ont montré que seules six enzymes sont polymorphes. Toutefois, 24 enzymes ont été utilisées pour analyser la diversité génétique entre l'espèce Allium cepa et les autres espèces du genre Allium. Ce nombre limité de marqueurs biochimiques polymorphes rend difficile l'analyse de la diversité génétique chez l'oignon. Les marqueurs moléculaires directement issus du polymorphisme existant au niveau de l'ADN, comme RAPD, RFLP, AFLP, SSR, sont très utiles pour différencier les différentes variétés de l'oignon, pour distinguer l'espèce des autres espèces cultivées et spontanées du genre Allium et pour analyser les niveaux d'introgression entre l'oignon et d'autres espèces du genre. Conclusions. L'analyse de la diversité génétique montre une importante variabilité entre et à l'intérieur des écotypes d'oignon en Afrique. Il est donc utile de combiner des stratégies de conservation in situ et ex situ, et l'exploitation de ces ressources génétiques pour améliorer leurs productions et leurs rusticités. Mots-clés. Allium cepa L., oignon, marqueur génétique, diversité génétique comme resource. Biology, diversity and tools for diversity analysis of the onion (Allium cepa L.). A review Description of the subject. This study explores important information on biology, genetic resources, taxonomy, as well as morphological, biochemical and molecular markers in order to provide a better understanding of the genetic diversity of the onion (Allium cepa L.). The study has a particular focus on the plant as grown in Africa. The onion is a monocotyledonous, allogamous, and entomophilous plant, with a one-year production cycle for bulb production, and a two-year production cycle for seeds. The onion is one of the most significant vegetables in the world because of its use as both a food and a medicine. Literature. Twenty-eight morphological markers, linked to seed, leaf, flower and bulb traits, were identified as the most discriminant phenotypical criteria. Biochemical and molecular markers were also developed to characterize genetic variations between and within onion varieties. Previous studies examining West Africa onion varieties showed that only six enzyme systems are polymorphic. However, only twenty-four isozymes have been used to compare the onion to other Allium species. This low number of polymorphic biochemical markers makes it more difficult to determine the genetic diversity of onions. On the other hand, molecular markers at DNA level, such as RAPD, RFLP, AFLP, SSR, are very useful to analyze diversity at varietal and species level, using cultivated and spontaneous forms, and to analyze the level of introgression between the onion and the other species of the genus. Conclusions. Genetic diversity analysis showed an important variability between and within Africa onion landraces. It would be useful to combine in situ and ex situ conservation, using these genetic resources to improve the production and the appropriate use of African onion cultivars.
Acta horticulturae, Oct 1, 2016
Onion is the most important vegetable crop in Niger in terms of crop value. Niger has an enormous... more Onion is the most important vegetable crop in Niger in terms of crop value. Niger has an enormous potential for production of onions and is also an important exporter. The principle type of grown onion is the pungent landrace 'Violet de Galmi', but farmers cultivate several onion landraces that have a brown, red, violet, white and yellow color in separate production areas. However the organization of genetic variation within and among landraces is poorly characterized. In this study, we analyzed variation among Niger onion landraces using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The mean observed heterozygosity (H O) within onion landraces from Niger is 0.400, while the expected heterozygosity (H S) is 0.452. This apparent heterozygosity deficit was however due to the presence of null alleles, rather than to non-random mating within population. Among the 16 onion landraces, within population diversity was greater (90%) than between population diversity (10%). Bayesian clustering analyses fail to detect differentiated genetic clusters, indicating a globally weak level of differentiation. Nevertheless, Principal Coordinate analysis (PCoA) shows that genetic diversity was organized in a way consistent both with morphological traits and geography. Assignment tests also show that most of the onion landraces from Niger are original in terms of genetic composition. Our results highlight which landraces are most original genetically. These landraces deserve particular attention for ex situ and in situ conservation, which should contribute to the improvement of local onion in Niger.
Genetic diversity and population structure in a collection of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffaL.) from Niger
Plant Genetic Resources, Nov 12, 2013
International Journal of Applied Science
Balanites aegyptiaca contributes strongly to the resilience of Sahelian populations. All the orga... more Balanites aegyptiaca contributes strongly to the resilience of Sahelian populations. All the organs of B. aegyptiaca are used either for food, medicinal purposes or for other services. However, very few studies on the socioeconomic importance of B. aegyptiaca have been conducted in Niger. The main objective of this study was to valorize the knowledge of the populations on the uses of B. aegyptiaca in the Sudan-Sahelian agrosystems of Niger. The study was conducted in the Dosso region. The region was chosen based on its two main agro-climatic zones, characterized by the scarcity of the species in the south and its abundance in the north. A survey was carried out in February 2021 to assess the diversity of uses. The findings revealed that the uses of B. aegyptiaca products are very diversified and varied considerably accross agro-ecological zones. The types of use varied significantly among ethnic groups. The Hausa possessed 88.26% of the use, the Zarma 14.47%, the Peulh 2.63%, the So...
Inferring Multilocal Typologies of Agrosystems and Farmers’ Practices: A Methodological Basis for the Setting of Participatory Breeding Designs
SSRN Electronic Journal
Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research
Improving roselle yield and production, particularly in light of climate change and variability, ... more Improving roselle yield and production, particularly in light of climate change and variability, remains challenging and constantly urges for the modification of agro-techniques. One such modification that has proven successful in boosting yield of many vegetable crops in recent years is the adaptation of the apex cutting technique, especially in unfavorable agro-climatic circumstances where traditional methods are not plausible. This study was to assess the effect of cutting the main stem apical bud on roselle growth parameters and determine the optimal stage of apex cutting. The experiment was conducted in a split plot experimental device in randomized blocks with four (4) repetitions at Tara/Gaya and Tarna/Maradi. Two factors were studied, six (6) roselle ecotypes and four (4) levels of apex cuttings viz. C0 (uncunt plants as a control); C1 (20 days after sowing (DAS)); C2 (30 DAS); and C3 (40 DAS). The findings showed that apex cutting significantly affected all the morphologica...
Cette étude synthétise les principaux résultats sur la biologie de l'oignon, les ressources p... more Cette étude synthétise les principaux résultats sur la biologie de l'oignon, les ressources phytogénétiques, la position taxonomique ainsi que les marqueurs morphologiques, biochimiques et moléculaires pour l'analyse de la diversité génétique de l'oignon, avec une attention particulière pour l'Afrique. Plante monocotylédone, allogame, entomophile, avec une cycle cultural annuel pour la production des bulbes, bisannuel pour celles des graines, l'oignon est l'un des légumes les plus importants au monde en raison de son utilisation en alimentation et en médecine.This study explores important information on biology, genetic resources, taxonomy, as well as morphological, biochemical and molecular markers in order to provide a better understanding of the genetic diversity of the onion (Allium cepa L.). The study has a particular focus on the plant as grown in Africa. The onion is a monocotyledonous, allogamous, and entomophilous plant, with a one-year production cy...
Asian Journal of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) plays a critical socioeconomic role in Sahelian populations (Nig... more Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) plays a critical socioeconomic role in Sahelian populations (Niger, Burkina, Mali, Senegal...). During the 2017 rainy season, a field experiment was carried out in Tara/Gaya and Tarna/Maradi to study the effect of apex cutting on Roselle production. The experiment used a split-plot in randomized blocks of four (4) replications with ecotypes as the main plot factor and apex cuts as subplots. Three (3) levels of apex cut were used viz. C1 (20 days after sowing), C2 (30 days after sowing), and C3 (40 days after sowing). The results revealed that apex cutting increased leaf, calyx, and seed yields significantly (P<0.001) in both study sites. This increase in yield (leaf, calyx, and seed) was roughly 15% and 10% in Tarna and Tara, respectively. The most beneficial cutting stage was between 20 and 30 days after sowing (DAS). This study, however, should be expanded to more agroclimatic zones to further assess the effect of apex cutting on Roselle product...
Discover Sustainability
Climate change is affecting crop production in the West Africa Sahel. Farmers develop many adapta... more Climate change is affecting crop production in the West Africa Sahel. Farmers develop many adaptation strategies However, few of them have been tested to find their climate smartness, primarily their agronomic and economic benefits. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the field experiment in two successive years, 2020 and 2021, in rainy conditions, the combined effect of millet/cowpea intercropping and fertilizer microdosing on the yield and their economic advantages. Two genotypes of cowpea (ISV128 and Tiligré) and a variety of millet, Heini Kirey Précoce (HKP), were intercropped. At the treatment level, there is a net benefit of the crop association compared to the pure cultivation of each of the millet and cowpea species with total LERs, an average of 1.48 in 2020, and 1.43 in 2021 for microdose treatment and 1.55 in 2020 and 1.13 in 2021 for the control. However, there is no significant difference in cowpea genotype on LER and millet yields in the 2 years (P = 0.65 in 2020 a...
BMC Genomics
Background Breeding for new maize varieties with propitious root systems has tremendous potential... more Background Breeding for new maize varieties with propitious root systems has tremendous potential in improving water and nutrients use efficiency and plant adaptation under suboptimal conditions. To date, most of the previously detected root-related trait genes in maize were new without functional verification. In this study, seven seedling root architectural traits were examined at three developmental stages in a recombinant inbred line population (RIL) of 179 RILs and a genome-wide association study (GWAS) panel of 80 elite inbred maize lines through quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and genome-wide association study. Results Using inclusive composite interval mapping, 8 QTLs accounting for 6.44–8.83 % of the phenotypic variation in root traits, were detected on chromosomes 1 (qRDWv3-1-1 and qRDW/SDWv3-1-1), 2 (qRBNv1-2-1), 4 (qSUAv1-4-1, qSUAv2-4-1, and qROVv2-4-1), and 10 (qTRLv1-10-1, qRBNv1-10-1). GWAS analysis involved three models (EMMAX, FarmCPU, and MLM) for a set of 1...
European Scientific Journal, ESJ, Apr 30, 2022
Le présent travail a pour objectif d'analyser et de dégager l'apport de la radio communautaire "D... more Le présent travail a pour objectif d'analyser et de dégager l'apport de la radio communautaire "Damergou" dans la promotion et le développement d'une agriculture performante et durable dans un contexte de changement climatique. La méthodologie utilisée s'est appuyée sur la recherche documentaire, l'analyse de documents de la grille des programmes de la radio, les enquêtes de terrain auprès des agricultures. L'analyse des données a été faite à l'aide du logiciel Excel de Microsoft office dans sa version 2013. Les résultats ont montré que les hommes ainsi que les femmes participent aux émissions de la radio avec une proportion élevée d'hommes (52,08 % contre 25 % de femmes). Il ressort aussi des résultats de l'étude que 96,15 % des producteurs participent avec le téléphone contre seulement 3,85 % pour la
Additional file 1 of Genome-wide association screening and verification of potential genes associated with root architectural traits in maize (Zea mays L.) at multiple seedling stages
Additional file 1: Table S1. Phenotypic data of the seven root-related traits from the mapping po... more Additional file 1: Table S1. Phenotypic data of the seven root-related traits from the mapping population at V1, V2 and V3 stages.
Additional file 2 of Genome-wide association screening and verification of potential genes associated with root architectural traits in maize (Zea mays L.) at multiple seedling stages
Additional file 2: Table S2. Phenotypic data of the seven root-related traits from the GWAS panel... more Additional file 2: Table S2. Phenotypic data of the seven root-related traits from the GWAS panel at V1, V2 and V3 stages.
Additional file 5 of Genome-wide association screening and verification of potential genes associated with root architectural traits in maize (Zea mays L.) at multiple seedling stages
Additional file 5: Figure S1. Q-Q (quantile-quantile) plots of all traits at V1, V2 and V3 stages.
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Papers by Yacoubou Bakasso