This presentation will describe a preliminary survey on the university library policies on theses... more This presentation will describe a preliminary survey on the university library policies on theses and dissertations and case studies in Japan. The Japanese policy on higher education sets master's theses and doctoral dissertations as a part of degree requirements. Doctoral dissertations ...
In this seventy years, computer systems have been became very popular tools in our daily life. So... more In this seventy years, computer systems have been became very popular tools in our daily life. Some AI researchers predict that mankind will reach, around 2045, the technological singularity when AI will exceed human intellectual capacity. Authors tried to think of many cases of computer ethics after the technological singularity. In this paper, we discuss what computer ethics education would be and should be after the technological singularity.
As the technical evolution of artificial intelligence(AI) and robots, we expect them to play soci... more As the technical evolution of artificial intelligence(AI) and robots, we expect them to play social important roles. In this paper, we discuss what we should know about the characteristics of AI and robots. As a research of information education, we think the following three points are important. (1) Many users will accept the computer’s answer without the accountability because they are giving up to know about the computer systems’ behavior. So information education will play an important role. (2) We must provide opportunities of learning the statistics in nation wide because many people must know that AI may result statical error. (3) Researchers in this field in AI-era must think of professional ethics and information education.
This paper aims to examine Horty’s proposal of utilitarian deontic logic [7]. It will focus on hi... more This paper aims to examine Horty’s proposal of utilitarian deontic logic [7]. It will focus on his dominance operators by way of simplified semantics. An axiomatization of the logic of the simplified semantics will be shown by the construction of a finite countermodel. Analysis of the proof suggests possibilities of further investigations. The presented version of Horty’s proposal does not make essential differences from standard deontic logic: the deontic operators are normal, and thus paradoxes of deontic logic occur. Non-monotonic agency operators should be considered.
ICT drastically changes our lifestyle. Education must keep up with the change to have our next ge... more ICT drastically changes our lifestyle. Education must keep up with the change to have our next generation to survive. This paper will first point out lack of unanimous ethical guideline on ICT with illustrations from the current educational practices in Japan, then claim that coherent policies need a coherent conceptual system. As any guidelines of information education reflect a value system, or ethical bases of our decision making, it is essential to invite civilians and non-professionals of ICT to commit themselves in research, development, and education from the early stages.
In this survey, the guidelines and ethical issues of research communities of artificial intellige... more In this survey, the guidelines and ethical issues of research communities of artificial intelligence are summarized. A short list of background theories of ethics and philosophy follows.
The National Institute of Informatics (NII), Tokyo, Japan, was founded in April 2000 as an inter-... more The National Institute of Informatics (NII), Tokyo, Japan, was founded in April 2000 as an inter-university research institute. Its cyberscience infrastructure (CSI) initiative aims at providing industrial and social contributions as well as a base for international cooperation on scientific research. The initiative includes projects focusing on: networks, grid research, interuniversity public key infrastructure (UPKI), and scholarly content services. The project for institutional repositories (IRs), begun in 2004, is placed in the main focus of the CSI content project. In 2006, as the CSI initiative has put more emphasis on content services, NII began working with 57 universities to construct a next-generation scientific information resources infrastructure. One goal of the project is to spread open access repositories throughout Japan; 57 universities have joined. The other goal is to support research and development activities that facilitate the dissemination of scholarly contents. 22 R&D projects have been allocated to 37 universities. The total budget for the 2006 academic year amounts to 300 million Japanese Yen
International Handbook of Research in History, Philosophy and Science Teaching, 2013
Japan developed its own science and technology during the Edo period (1600-1867). At the time the... more Japan developed its own science and technology during the Edo period (1600-1867). At the time the government countered colonization efforts by Christian ministries by adopting a policy of national isolation (1633-1854) and by banning Christianity (1587-1858). Diplomatic ties were, however, continued with Korea, the Netherlands, and China. Such ties were nonetheless still regulated by the government. Some translators did manage, though, to import scientifi c knowledge from the Western world. For example, the Dutch version of Johan Adam Kulmus's Anatomische Tabellen was translated into Japanese (1774) with illustrations by Odano Naotake (1750-1780). Scholars are still examining the philosophical foundations of science in the Edo period. Some principal fi gures in scientifi c thought in the period include Arai Hakuseki and Miura Baien. Tsuji (1973) points out the roles of neo-Confucianism combined with rationalism in shaping the nature and practical emphasis of Edo science where articulating the laws of nature was connected to social justice. Nakayama (1977), by contrast, argues that the infl uence of Chinese thought on the understanding of Chapter 68
This report describes the growth of institutional repositories in Japan and NII's support project... more This report describes the growth of institutional repositories in Japan and NII's support projects since 2004. The characteristic features of the process were: (1) the diversity of the partner universities (2) the collaboration between universities and NII, and (3) the fast localization and installation with limited budget.
This proposal for Philosophy of Science Society Japan and its members presents recommendations to... more This proposal for Philosophy of Science Society Japan and its members presents recommendations toward improvement of logic education, outline of logic curriculum to be shared among community, and requisite components of logical skills and knowledge for philosophers of each field. It also provides information on the past workshops on logic education by PSSJ as well as a summary of ASL guideline and ASL inquiry on logic education (1995).
Development of critical thinking (CT) course material with science, technology, and society (STS)... more Development of critical thinking (CT) course material with science, technology, and society (STS) is promising and fruitful for both areas. STS expects CT to provide logical framework for uniform analysis of cases. CT merits organization of methodology of a practice of STS, ...
Twenty questions is a two-player game to find what the answerer has in mind by posing at most twe... more Twenty questions is a two-player game to find what the answerer has in mind by posing at most twenty yes-no questions. In this example, suppose that the range of possible answers is a set of numbers from 1 to 1,000,000. Since a million is a bit less than 2 20 , a wise questioner ...
Diagrams themselves can serve as syntactical objects in reasoning, in spite of the common belief ... more Diagrams themselves can serve as syntactical objects in reasoning, in spite of the common belief that diagrams easily cause misapplication so they should not be used in reasoning (especially in geometry). It is necessary for using diagrams in reasoning (1) to figure out the notion of ...
UTILITARIAN DEONTIC LOGIC YUKO MURAKAMI 1. Introduction A lesson from the obstacles for deontic l... more UTILITARIAN DEONTIC LOGIC YUKO MURAKAMI 1. Introduction A lesson from the obstacles for deontic logic proposed before 1980s, in-cluding standard deontic logic, is that conceptual analysis of action1 should precede that of deontic notions. It actually fits to our intuition, ...
Twenty questions is a two-player game to find what the answerer has in mind by posing at most twe... more Twenty questions is a two-player game to find what the answerer has in mind by posing at most twenty yes-no questions. In this example, suppose that the range of possible answers is a set of numbers from 1 to 1,000,000. Since a million is a bit less than 2 20 , a wise questioner ...
Diagrams themselves can serve as syntactical objects in reasoning, in spite of the common belief ... more Diagrams themselves can serve as syntactical objects in reasoning, in spite of the common belief that diagrams easily cause misapplication so they should not be used in reasoning (especially in geometry). It is necessary for using diagrams in reasoning (1) to figure out the notion of ...
This presentation will describe a preliminary survey on the university library policies on theses... more This presentation will describe a preliminary survey on the university library policies on theses and dissertations and case studies in Japan. The Japanese policy on higher education sets master's theses and doctoral dissertations as a part of degree requirements. Doctoral dissertations ...
In this seventy years, computer systems have been became very popular tools in our daily life. So... more In this seventy years, computer systems have been became very popular tools in our daily life. Some AI researchers predict that mankind will reach, around 2045, the technological singularity when AI will exceed human intellectual capacity. Authors tried to think of many cases of computer ethics after the technological singularity. In this paper, we discuss what computer ethics education would be and should be after the technological singularity.
As the technical evolution of artificial intelligence(AI) and robots, we expect them to play soci... more As the technical evolution of artificial intelligence(AI) and robots, we expect them to play social important roles. In this paper, we discuss what we should know about the characteristics of AI and robots. As a research of information education, we think the following three points are important. (1) Many users will accept the computer’s answer without the accountability because they are giving up to know about the computer systems’ behavior. So information education will play an important role. (2) We must provide opportunities of learning the statistics in nation wide because many people must know that AI may result statical error. (3) Researchers in this field in AI-era must think of professional ethics and information education.
This paper aims to examine Horty’s proposal of utilitarian deontic logic [7]. It will focus on hi... more This paper aims to examine Horty’s proposal of utilitarian deontic logic [7]. It will focus on his dominance operators by way of simplified semantics. An axiomatization of the logic of the simplified semantics will be shown by the construction of a finite countermodel. Analysis of the proof suggests possibilities of further investigations. The presented version of Horty’s proposal does not make essential differences from standard deontic logic: the deontic operators are normal, and thus paradoxes of deontic logic occur. Non-monotonic agency operators should be considered.
ICT drastically changes our lifestyle. Education must keep up with the change to have our next ge... more ICT drastically changes our lifestyle. Education must keep up with the change to have our next generation to survive. This paper will first point out lack of unanimous ethical guideline on ICT with illustrations from the current educational practices in Japan, then claim that coherent policies need a coherent conceptual system. As any guidelines of information education reflect a value system, or ethical bases of our decision making, it is essential to invite civilians and non-professionals of ICT to commit themselves in research, development, and education from the early stages.
In this survey, the guidelines and ethical issues of research communities of artificial intellige... more In this survey, the guidelines and ethical issues of research communities of artificial intelligence are summarized. A short list of background theories of ethics and philosophy follows.
The National Institute of Informatics (NII), Tokyo, Japan, was founded in April 2000 as an inter-... more The National Institute of Informatics (NII), Tokyo, Japan, was founded in April 2000 as an inter-university research institute. Its cyberscience infrastructure (CSI) initiative aims at providing industrial and social contributions as well as a base for international cooperation on scientific research. The initiative includes projects focusing on: networks, grid research, interuniversity public key infrastructure (UPKI), and scholarly content services. The project for institutional repositories (IRs), begun in 2004, is placed in the main focus of the CSI content project. In 2006, as the CSI initiative has put more emphasis on content services, NII began working with 57 universities to construct a next-generation scientific information resources infrastructure. One goal of the project is to spread open access repositories throughout Japan; 57 universities have joined. The other goal is to support research and development activities that facilitate the dissemination of scholarly contents. 22 R&D projects have been allocated to 37 universities. The total budget for the 2006 academic year amounts to 300 million Japanese Yen
International Handbook of Research in History, Philosophy and Science Teaching, 2013
Japan developed its own science and technology during the Edo period (1600-1867). At the time the... more Japan developed its own science and technology during the Edo period (1600-1867). At the time the government countered colonization efforts by Christian ministries by adopting a policy of national isolation (1633-1854) and by banning Christianity (1587-1858). Diplomatic ties were, however, continued with Korea, the Netherlands, and China. Such ties were nonetheless still regulated by the government. Some translators did manage, though, to import scientifi c knowledge from the Western world. For example, the Dutch version of Johan Adam Kulmus's Anatomische Tabellen was translated into Japanese (1774) with illustrations by Odano Naotake (1750-1780). Scholars are still examining the philosophical foundations of science in the Edo period. Some principal fi gures in scientifi c thought in the period include Arai Hakuseki and Miura Baien. Tsuji (1973) points out the roles of neo-Confucianism combined with rationalism in shaping the nature and practical emphasis of Edo science where articulating the laws of nature was connected to social justice. Nakayama (1977), by contrast, argues that the infl uence of Chinese thought on the understanding of Chapter 68
This report describes the growth of institutional repositories in Japan and NII's support project... more This report describes the growth of institutional repositories in Japan and NII's support projects since 2004. The characteristic features of the process were: (1) the diversity of the partner universities (2) the collaboration between universities and NII, and (3) the fast localization and installation with limited budget.
This proposal for Philosophy of Science Society Japan and its members presents recommendations to... more This proposal for Philosophy of Science Society Japan and its members presents recommendations toward improvement of logic education, outline of logic curriculum to be shared among community, and requisite components of logical skills and knowledge for philosophers of each field. It also provides information on the past workshops on logic education by PSSJ as well as a summary of ASL guideline and ASL inquiry on logic education (1995).
Development of critical thinking (CT) course material with science, technology, and society (STS)... more Development of critical thinking (CT) course material with science, technology, and society (STS) is promising and fruitful for both areas. STS expects CT to provide logical framework for uniform analysis of cases. CT merits organization of methodology of a practice of STS, ...
Twenty questions is a two-player game to find what the answerer has in mind by posing at most twe... more Twenty questions is a two-player game to find what the answerer has in mind by posing at most twenty yes-no questions. In this example, suppose that the range of possible answers is a set of numbers from 1 to 1,000,000. Since a million is a bit less than 2 20 , a wise questioner ...
Diagrams themselves can serve as syntactical objects in reasoning, in spite of the common belief ... more Diagrams themselves can serve as syntactical objects in reasoning, in spite of the common belief that diagrams easily cause misapplication so they should not be used in reasoning (especially in geometry). It is necessary for using diagrams in reasoning (1) to figure out the notion of ...
UTILITARIAN DEONTIC LOGIC YUKO MURAKAMI 1. Introduction A lesson from the obstacles for deontic l... more UTILITARIAN DEONTIC LOGIC YUKO MURAKAMI 1. Introduction A lesson from the obstacles for deontic logic proposed before 1980s, in-cluding standard deontic logic, is that conceptual analysis of action1 should precede that of deontic notions. It actually fits to our intuition, ...
Twenty questions is a two-player game to find what the answerer has in mind by posing at most twe... more Twenty questions is a two-player game to find what the answerer has in mind by posing at most twenty yes-no questions. In this example, suppose that the range of possible answers is a set of numbers from 1 to 1,000,000. Since a million is a bit less than 2 20 , a wise questioner ...
Diagrams themselves can serve as syntactical objects in reasoning, in spite of the common belief ... more Diagrams themselves can serve as syntactical objects in reasoning, in spite of the common belief that diagrams easily cause misapplication so they should not be used in reasoning (especially in geometry). It is necessary for using diagrams in reasoning (1) to figure out the notion of ...
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