Papers by Anna Wziątek-Kubiak
Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy, Sep 30, 2023
Economic theory and international experience show that foreign trade and its performance is an es... more Economic theory and international experience show that foreign trade and its performance is an essential factor and measure of a country's development, including progress in international integration. The foreign trade performance of an EU candidate country reflects changes in its ability to compete in both the EU and domestic markets. If a country can penetrate the EU market and cope with import competition from EU firms before full membership without the benefit of protective measures such as tariffs or subsidies for domestic producers, then once it becomes a member of the EU, it will be able to withstand competitive pressure from foreign firms and continue to grow. Hence, the EU's accession criteria, known as the Copenhagen criteria, state that to become a member of the EU, a country must prove that it has, among other things, the capacity to cope with competitive pressure and market forces within the EU. The candidate country's goods must, therefore, be competitive. The paper aims to show that the fundamental restructuring of Ukraine's foreign trade that accompanied its progressive integration into the EU reflected changes in the competitiveness of the Ukrainian economy. So, we show that the progress of Ukraine's integration into the EU resulted from changes in the competitiveness of its production on the EU market. To assess it, we used several measurement metrics. Even though the study encompasses the years 2010-2021, which is before Russia invaded Ukraine and the destruction of a considerable part of its production potential, the intangible part of this potential, specifically knowledge, skills, and understanding of the European market and how it works, endures and can be utilised in the future. However, that will require an influx of capital and technology. The paper consists of three parts. In the first part, we show the radical changes in geographical trade flows between 2010 and 2021. In the second part, we focus on the changes in the commodity structure of Ukraine's trade with the EU: its concentration and deepening specialisation. In the third part, we estimate the changes in Ukraine's trade competitiveness in the EU market using different measurement metrics. The work closes with the conclusions of the analysis. To date, research on Ukraine's EU integration can be roughly divided into two main groups. The first group focuses on the opportunities and challenges for the Ukrainian economy within the DFTCA and the impact of signing the Association
Ekonomista, Dec 26, 2023
Development in modern evolutionary economics perspective Celem pracy jest identyfikacja głównych ... more Development in modern evolutionary economics perspective Celem pracy jest identyfikacja głównych elementów i współzależności ewolucyjnego mechanizmu rozwoju stanowiących podstawę i ramy jego funkcjonowania i odróżniających go od neoklasycznych modeli wzrostu. Elementami tymi są zróżnicowanie i różnicowanie się, ciągłość działania oraz zdolności adaptacyjne do szokowej, a nie tylko płynnej ewolucji. Spajają one, w jeden naukowy program badawczy, różne koncepcje i teorie zaliczane do ekonomii ewolucyjnej. Wyznaczają też sposób działania motorów rozwoju -selekcji i innowacji, ich interakcje i współzależności oraz ramy badań empirycznych -obecnie głównego sposobu i kierunku rozwoju ekonomii ewolucyjnej.
Competitiveness and Economic Theory - Issues and Controversies
Ekonomista, 2004
Social Science Research Network, 2005
The materials published here have a working paper character. They may be subject to further publi... more The materials published here have a working paper character. They may be subject to further publication. The views and opinions expressed here reflect the authors' point of view and not necessarily those of CASE. This paper was published as a result of a project within the 5th Framework Programme (Ref. HPSE-CT-2002-00148) 'Changes in Industrial Competitiveness as a Factor of Integration: Identifying the Challenges of the Enlarged Single European Market', funded by the European Community and co-ordinated by the CASE Foundation. The authors are solely responsible for the content of the paper. It does not represent the opinion of the Community and the Community is not responsible for any use that might be made of data appearing therein.
The Polish Processing Industry in the Competition with Eu Market: Factors and Effects
Social Science Research Network, 2006
On Essence and Masurement of Changes in Competitiveness of the Accession Countries. Critical Revi... more On Essence and Masurement of Changes in Competitiveness of the Accession Countries. Critical Review of Literature W a r s a w , M a r c h 2 0 0 6 Materials published here have a working paper character. They can be subject to further publication. The views and opinions expressed here reflect the author(s) point of view and not necessarily those of CASE. The paper was published as a result of the project within the 5th Framework Programme(Ref. HPSE-CT-2002-00148) 'Changes in Industrial Competitiveness as a Factor of Integration: Identifying the Challenges of the Enlarged Single European Market', funded by the European Community and co-ordinated by the CASE Foundation. The authors are solely responsible for the content of the paper. It does not represent the opinion of the Community and the Community is not responsible for any use that might be made of data appearing therein.
Journal of the Knowledge Economy
This study examines factors that increase resilience in innovation of Polish manufacturing firms ... more This study examines factors that increase resilience in innovation of Polish manufacturing firms in an unstable environment. Organizational resilience in innovation is the ability to continuously perform innovation in a turbulent environment and increase knowledge accumulation. In 2008–2012, Poland did not have crisis itself. Short-term slowdown of the economy was accompanied by a breakdown of innovation activities, with a medium-term effect. Based on the Polish Community Innovation Survey panel data for two periods: the innovation crisis (2008–2010), and the innovation pessimism period (2010–2012), this study shows which innovative resources change the probability of innovation continuity in the second period. In our probit model, we explore 42 factors of innovations. We found that financing, R&D and marketing increased the probability of continuity of innovation, but the influence of financing was the strongest. Persistence in innovation in turbulent times hence requires a change ...
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska, 2019
Innovative resources and their management are of key importance for innovation performance and th... more Innovative resources and their management are of key importance for innovation performance and thus for achieving competitive advantages, especially in an unstable period. To a large extent, it results from the risky nature of innovative activities and translates into innovation performance and the processes of selecting companies on the market. The purpose of this paper is to analyse changes in the knowledge resource management, innovation performance and their diversification across Polish manufacturing firms in unstable environment, i.e., during the period of world financial crisis. We study changes in the use of knowledge resources, innovation performance and selection of innovative firms that have introduced innovations within three out of five Polish Community Innovation Survey waves (2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014). We analysed 32 types of knowledge resources used by innovative firms. The paper shows that the changes in the use of knowledge resource by innovative firms accompanies changes in their innovation performance and results in a selection process between innovative firms on the regional and macroeconomic level. The strong drop in the use of innovation resources and innovation performance of competing firms accompanied the improvement in innovation performance of the newcomers.
Doświadczenia międzynarodowe w realizacji proeksportowej strategii rozwoju
Komentarze: Kryzys działalności innowacyjnej polskich przedsiębiorstw
Differentiation of Innovation Strategies of Manufacturing Firms in the New Member States : Cluster Analysis on Firm Level Data
Argumenta Oeconomica, 2013
This paper investigates the differences in innovation behaviour among manufacturing firms in thre... more This paper investigates the differences in innovation behaviour among manufacturing firms in three New Member States (NMS): the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland. It is based on a survey of firms operating in four manufacturing industries: food and beverages, automotive, pharmaceuticals and electronics. The paper takes into account: innovation inputs in enterprises, cooperation among firms in R&D activities, the benefits of cooperation with business partners and innovation effects. Five types of innovation patterns that firms in the NMS introduce to improve competitive advantage were detected using a cluster analysis. They differ in terms of in-house innovation capabilities, their forms, the use of external sources of innovation, spillover absorption and economic performance. Interestingly, most of them are similar to the innovation patterns of firms in the incumbent EU member states. This seems to confirm Shorec and Verspagen's (2008) claim that, in the heterogeneity in firms' innovation behaviour, countries matter only to a certain extent. The paper shows that in the NMS the role of the two types of innovation sources – R&D and cooperation – are complementary rather than consist of the 'make-or-buy decision' (Veugelers, 1997) model. Although external knowledge is important in innovation activities, the benefits of using it are determined by in-house innovation capacities.
Sectoral Patterns of Innovation: Comparing High and Low Technology Sectors’ Firms in the New Member States
This paper shows the differences in innovation patterns among firms operating in low and medium t... more This paper shows the differences in innovation patterns among firms operating in low and medium technology (LMT) sectors and high technology (HT) sector in three New EU Member States: the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland. It is based on a survey of 358 firms which operate in both sectors and takes into account innovation inputs, including cooperation among firms in R&D activities, the benefits of cooperation with business partners, innovation outputs and international competitiveness. Employing cluster analysis, we identified, characterized and compared five types of innovation patterns in each sector. The paper shows that external knowledge plays an important role in innovation activities in both sectors. The ability to cooperate with business partners and to use external knowledge are more important for the international competitiveness of the NMS’ products than in-house innovation capabilities. However some in-house R&D activities of the firms, also in LMT sector, are important precondition for their international competitiveness.
This paper investigates barriers to innovation perceived by innovating firms and complementaritie... more This paper investigates barriers to innovation perceived by innovating firms and complementarities between such barriers. The study analyses two periods: 2002– –2004 and 2004–2006, covered by two Community Innovation Surveys (CIS): CIS4 and CIS5, respectively. We distinguish two groups of innovating firms – those which introduced innovations in both CIS4 and CIS5, and those which introduced innovation in either CIS4 or CIS5. We label the former group persistent innovators, and the latter – occasional innovators. We use a multivariate (factor and cluster) analysis covering binary correlations, Principal Component Analysis, probit model and correlations of disturbances. Two types of explanatory variables describing firms’ characteristics and innovation inputs used are considered. The paper shows that there are considerable differences in sensitivities to the perception of innovation barriers and in complementarities among barriers between persistent and occasional innovators. In the c...
Czynniki ciągłości komercjalizacji innowacji w okresie negatywnego szoku zewnętrznego : przykład Polski
Przedmiotem opracowania jest ciąglośc procesu komercjalizacji innowacji w niekorzystnych warunkac... more Przedmiotem opracowania jest ciąglośc procesu komercjalizacji innowacji w niekorzystnych warunkach makroekonomicznych. W opracowaniu identyfikujemy czynniki ciąglości procesu innowacji polskich przedsiebiorstw przetworstwa przemyslowego, ktorych aktywnośc innowacyjna i komercjalizacja innowacji, czyli realizacja produktow innowacyjnych na rynku, jest bardzo silnie wrazliwa na szoki zewnetrzne. Opracowanie dotyczy okresu pogorszenia warunkow makroekonomicznych polskiej gospodarki (2008−2012). Towarzyszylo mu bardzo silne, a nierowne w czasie pogorszenie sie aktywności innowacyjnej i komercjalizacji innowacji wspomnianych przedsiebiorstw. Po kryzysie innowacji w latach 2008−2010 nastąpil okres swego rodzaju pesymizmu innowacyjnego. Badamy, czy zasoby, ktore poprawialy prawdopodobienstwo wprowadzenia innowacji w okresie kryzysu innowacji, mialy kluczowe znaczenie w komercjalizacji innowacji w latach pesymizmu innowacyjnego, a wiec w procesie ciąglości innowacji w niekorzystnych warunka...
Międzynarodowa specjalizacja a konkurencyjność
Ekonomista, 2001
Zróżnicowanie sposobów budowania potencjału innowacyjnego przez firmy krajów doganiających
Orientacja proeksportowa a selektywna polityka przemysłowa
Zachowania innowacyjne przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych z większościowym udziałem kapitału krajowego i zagranicznego w Polsce. Podobieństwa i różnice
Protekcja a proeksportowa przebudowa gospodarki
Ekonomista, 1994
Informacje o naborze artykułów i zasadach recenzowania znajdują się na stronie internetowej Wydaw... more Informacje o naborze artykułów i zasadach recenzowania znajdują się na stronie internetowej Wydawnictwa www.wydawnictwo.ue.wroc.pl Kopiowanie i powielanie w jakiejkolwiek formie wymaga pisemnej zgody Wydawcy
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Papers by Anna Wziątek-Kubiak