Papers by William Selvamurthy
Integrative Medicine Case Reports
The changing dynamics across the globe have led mankind to give utmost priority to life, longevit... more The changing dynamics across the globe have led mankind to give utmost priority to life, longevity, and health. COVID has taught us to seek Holistic healthcare solutions which have saved many lives during the pandemic. India has the herculean task of taking care of its 1.4 billion population. The current focus of the country is not only to improve the curative potentials but also to address the importance of preventive and promotive aspects of health care.
Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2010
Early detection of Breast Cancer is currently emerging as a big clinical entity requiring a non i... more Early detection of Breast Cancer is currently emerging as a big clinical entity requiring a non invasive, radiation less, harmless, cost effective diagnostic technique. Survival is improved if detected early. Breast Cancer is the second most common cancer in India. Health corporate system of India is urgently requiring a cost effective, noninvasive novel technique like "Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT)" for screening large poor rural population of India for early diagnosis of Breast Cancer. EIT is the technique to visualize spatial distribution of Electro-impedance (or conductivity) inside the object, such as human body. A medical device which allows imaging of the distribution of conductivity in 3D in regions below the skin surface has been developed and tested. Its purpose is to enable early detection and preliminary diagnosis of breast tumors. The system uses a planar array consisting of 256 electrodes and enables obtaining images of the three-dimensional conductivity distribution in regions below the skin's surface up to several centimeters deep. The developed measuring system and image reconstruction algorithm can be used for breast tissue imaging and diagnostic, in particular for malignant tumor detection. Initially ten patients as control and ten patients with breast lesions have been studied with this new technique. It was found that electrical impedance mammograms from different groups has clear visual distinctions and statistically significant difference in breast glands conductivity. The results are quiet encouraging. EIT may emerge as the first line noninvasive imaging method of choice for screening large population for early detection of breast cancer.
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Frying process leads to oxidative deterioration and generation of trans fatty acids (TFAs) in fat... more Frying process leads to oxidative deterioration and generation of trans fatty acids (TFAs) in fats/oils. Objective of this study was to assess the effect of frying temperatures and the number of frying cycles on TFA content of groundnut oil used for preparing French fries. TFA was estimated by gas chromatography at varying temperatures (160oC, 180oC, 200oC, 220oC, 230oC) and frying cycles (1st, 4th, 8th 16th and 32nd). With soaring frying temperatures and progressive frying cycles, mean cisunsaturated fatty acids decreased while mean saturated fatty acids and TFA increased. Temperature variation indicated increase in mean TFA from 0.26±0.05 g/100g (160°C, 32nd cycle) to 5.89±1.25 g/100g (230°C, 32nd cycle) (p<0.05). With successive frying cycles, TFA increased from 0.1±0.04 g/100g (1st cycle) to 0.26±0.05 g/100g (32nd cycle) when oil was heated to 160°C; and 2.08±0.89 g/100g (1st cycle) to 5.89±1.25 g/100g (32nd cycle) when oil reached 230°C. TFA increased with elevating frying t...
International Journal of Indian Psychology
Background and objectives: Conflict Management (CM) has emerged as a great challenge in the corpo... more Background and objectives: Conflict Management (CM) has emerged as a great challenge in the corporate sector due to several recent psycho-social changes. Emotional Intelligence (EI) may have considerable influence on CM styles. Methods: We have studied this aspect on 100 volunteers of both genders in the age ranging from 25 to 50 years serving in Human Resource and Administration wing of an IT based organization. Standard questionnaire was used to measure Emotional Quotient Index (EQI) (Self Rating) and EQI (Observer Rating) and Conflict Management styles using Rahim Organizational Level Conflict Inventory II. Results: There was a significant influence of EI on problem solving, asserting, compromising and accommodating styles of CM. Conclusion: EI Has significant influence on CM styles. This study has opened up much potential application of EI measurement in recruitment and training of supervisors and senior managers.
Journal of Pharmacy And Bioallied Sciences
Indian journal of biochemistry & biophysics
Microsomes isolated from bovine pulmonary artery smooth muscle tissue treated with the oxidant t-... more Microsomes isolated from bovine pulmonary artery smooth muscle tissue treated with the oxidant t-buOOH stimulated Ca2+ ATPase activity dose-dependently as also protease activity when tested with a synthetic substrate N-benzoyl-DL-arginine p-nitroanilide. At 300 microM, t-buOOH optimally stimulated these activities. Treatment of the microsomes with t-buOOH stimulated ATP dependent Ca2+ uptake while Na+ dependent Ca2+ uptake was inhibited by t-buOOH. Pretreatment of the microsomes with vitamin E (1 mM) and aprotinin (1 mg/ml) prevented t-buOOH caused stimulation of protease activity and Ca2+ ATPase activity, and also stimulation of ATP dependent Ca2+ uptake while t-buOOH caused inhibition of Na+ dependent Ca2+ uptake was reversed by vitamin E and aprotinin. Treatment of the microsomes with trypsin (1 microgram/ml) stimulated Ca2+ ATPase and ATP dependent Ca2+ uptake while Na+ dependent Ca2+ uptake was inhibited. Pretreatment of the microsomes with aprotinin prevented trypsin caused stimulation of Ca2+ ATPase and ATP dependent Ca2+ uptake, while trypsin caused inhibition of Na+ dependent Ca2+ uptake was reversed by aprotinin.
The Indian journal of medical research, 2001
Reports on the effect of yogic exercises on aerobic capacity are few. There is also no literature... more Reports on the effect of yogic exercises on aerobic capacity are few. There is also no literature available on the effect of yogic exercise on perceived exertion (PE) after maximal exercise. In this study the effect of training in Hatha yogic exercises on aerobic capacity and PE after maximal exercise was observed. Forty men from the Indian army (aged 19-23 yr) were administered maximal exercise on a bicycle ergometer in a graded work load protocol. The oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide output, pulmonary ventilation, respiratory rate, heart rate (HR) etc., at maximal exercise and PE score immediately thereafter were recorded. The subjects were divided into two equal groups. Twelve subjects dropped out during the course of study. One group (yoga, n = 17) practiced Hatha yogic exercises for 1 h every morning (6 days in a week) for six months. The other group (PT, n = 11) underwent conventional physical exercise training during the same period. Both groups participated daily in differ...
Indian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 2002
Sleep and sleep deprivation are intimately related to performance. Sleep management of people wor... more Sleep and sleep deprivation are intimately related to performance. Sleep management of people working in different sectors of the society like multi shift workers, nurses, doctors, students in professional schools and the armed forces has a great bearing on performance, health and safety of the subject population. The detrimental effects of sleep deprivation on psychological performance are indicated as increased lapsing, cognitive slowing, memory impairment, decrease in vigilance and sustained attention and shift in optimum response capability. Its effects on physical performance are manifested as decline in ability to perform maximal exercise, self-selected walking pace and increase in perceived exertion. Sleep deprivation appears to have no effect in respect of muscle contractile properties and maximum anaerobic power. At high altitude (HA), there is a reduction in NREM sleep with frequent awakening due to hypoxia as a physiological adaptive measure to prevent accentuation of hyp...
Journal of tropical pediatrics, 2000
Toxicology, 1988
Subcutaneous administration of methyl isocyanate (MIC) in 0.5 LD50 and 1 LD50 doses in female rab... more Subcutaneous administration of methyl isocyanate (MIC) in 0.5 LD50 and 1 LD50 doses in female rabbits resulted in significant changes in physiological, clinico-chemical and histological parameters. There was a fall in arterial blood pressure and cardioacceleration in both the 0.5 LD50 and 1 LD50 groups, while the respiration showed a differential response in these groups with the former showing hyperpnoea and the latter showing respiratory inhibition. A significant increase in the arterial blood lactic acid, lactate/pyruvate ratio and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate levels, and the significant changes in acid-base status of both arterial and venous blood indicated tissue hypoxia of a stagnant type. Histopathological observations revealed a mild to moderate degree of congestion, focal lymphocytic infiltrations and necrosis in all visceral organs examined. These findings suggest that acute toxicity of MIC in vivo may be mediated by its effects on vascular beds.
The Indian journal of medical research, 1991
The therapeutic potential of xanthinol nicotinate in the revival of anaesthetised monkeys subject... more The therapeutic potential of xanthinol nicotinate in the revival of anaesthetised monkeys subjected to acute blood loss was investigated. The arterial pressure was lowered to 40 +/- 5 mmHg by rapid arterial bleeding and was maintained at this level for 2 h. Shed blood was then returned through infusion, to the animals. Animals alive at the end of 72 h observation period were considered as survivors. The test drug was infused 1/2 h prior to and 1/2 h, 1 h, 1 1/2 h and 2 h after the onset of oligaemic hypotension. The animals which received normal saline instead of test drug were treated as control. The physiological and biochemical parameters recorded prior to and after the onset of oligaemic hypotension were heart rate, pulse pressure, electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram (EEG), lactic acid, creatine phosphokinase, urea and glucose. The results showed tachycardia, narrowing of pulse pressure, depression of ST segment with occasional T inversion, slowing of EEG with increase in am...
Aviation, space, and environmental medicine, 1976
A study has been conducted on 20 sojourners, between the ages of 20-30 years, to evaluate respons... more A study has been conducted on 20 sojourners, between the ages of 20-30 years, to evaluate responses of the autonomic nervous system during acclimatization to high altitude. The responses measured consisted of heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), oral temperature (Tor), mean skin temperature (Tsk), cold pressor response (CPR), orthostatic tolerance to tilt, and urinary catecholamines. The subjects were tested initially at Delhi (altitude 260 m) and thereafter, on acute induction to an altitude of 3500 m periodically for 3 weeks. For comparison, the same responses were studied on 10 acclimatized lowlanders (AL) who had been staying at the same altitude for more than a year and on 10 high-altitude natives (HAN). The studies showed a rise in HR, BP, Tor, and urinary catecholamines, and a fall in Tsk, CPR, and orthostatic tolerance immediately on arrival at HA, indicating a relative hyperactivity of the sympathetic system. After a stay of 1 week, there was a gradual recovery in all the ...
Aviation, space, and environmental medicine, 1978
A study has been conducted on 20 sojourners (SJs) at a high altitude (HA) of 3500 m to evaluate t... more A study has been conducted on 20 sojourners (SJs) at a high altitude (HA) of 3500 m to evaluate the changes in thermoregulation efficiency (ThE) during acclimatization for 3 weeks, by observing the rate and pattern of rewarming of palm skin temperature (Tsk) after dipping the hand in water of 10 +/- 1 degrees C for 2 min (Tromp's water bath test). The ThE of the SJs was compared to that of 10 acclimatized lowlanders (ALs) staying at the same altitude for about 1 year and 10 high-altitude natives (HANs). In SJ, at sea level (SL), the effect of seasonal variation and ambient temperature on ThE was also studied. The initial Tsk of the palm (29.9 degrees C) was lower at altitude as compared to SL value (32.2 degrees C) in SJs inspite of similar ambient temperature (21 +/- 1 degrees C). There was a prolongation of rewarming time in all the subjects during stay at altitude. The rewarming curve showed a shift towards the right, indicating slower rewarming. The rewarming response of ALs...
International Journal of Biometeorology, 1993
Effects of acute exposure and acclimatisation to cold stress on respiratory functions were invest... more Effects of acute exposure and acclimatisation to cold stress on respiratory functions were investigated in healthy tropical Indian men (n = 10). Initial baseline recordings were carried out at Delhi and thereafter serially thrice at the arctic region and once on return to Delhi. For comparison the respiratory functions were also evaluated on Russian migrants (RM; n = 7) and Russian natives (RN; n = 6). The respiratory functions were evaluated using standard methodology on a Vitalograph: In Indians, there was an initial decrease in lung vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume 1st s (FEV1), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) on acute exposure to cold stress, followed by gradual recovery during acclimatisation for 4 weeks and a further significant improvement after 9 weeks of stay at the arctic region. On return to India all the parameters reached near baseline values except for MVV which remained slightly elevated. RM and RN showed similar respiratory functions at the beginning of acute cold exposure at the arctic zone. RN showed an improvement after 10 weeks of stay whereas RM did not show much change. The respiratory responses during acute cold exposure are similar to those of initial altitude responses.
Strategic Analysis, Apr 3, 2008
... This resulted in a phase of rapid growth of major laboratories and infrastructure within the ... more ... This resulted in a phase of rapid growth of major laboratories and infrastructure within the organization. Prof. MGK Menon held the post of SA from 1974 to 1978. ... Training trials of the Agni were recently carried out in September 2007 with the Army. Prithvi and Its Variants. ...
Journal of Environmental Biology
Brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAER) were studied in a total of 194 boys in the age group b... more Brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAER) were studied in a total of 194 boys in the age group between 10-15 yrs taken from a busy metropolitan city and also from a relatively quiet town in order to compare their values and to look into the probable cause of the difference between them, if any. BAER were tested with the help of Compact-4 (Nicolet, USA) instrument using the standard technique. In general, the BAER values of the two sample populations were found to be almost similar with no gross differences in terms of peak latency and inter peak latencies. The values were found to be comparable to adult male values as reported earlier.
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Jan 31, 1997
The immunomodulatory properties of NIM-76 have been described in this paper. Pre-treatment of rat... more The immunomodulatory properties of NIM-76 have been described in this paper. Pre-treatment of rats with a single i.p. injection of NIM-76 resulted in an increase in polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes with a concomitant decrease in lymphocyte counts. The immunomodulatory activity of NIM-76 was found to be concentration-dependent. At 120 mg/kg body weight, there was an enhanced macrophage activity and lymphocyte proliferation response, while the humoral component of immunity was unaffected. At higher concentrations of NIM-76 (300 mg/kg body weight), there was a stimulation of mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation, while macrophage activity remained unaffected. However, a fall in primary and secondary antibody titres was observed. The study indicates that NIM-76 acts through cell-mediated mechanisms by activating macrophages and lymphocytes.
Humans are able to live and work in almost all the environmental extremes of planet Earth and als... more Humans are able to live and work in almost all the environmental extremes of planet Earth and also in space due to their remarkable physiological adaptability and/or by modification of environment itself. Adequate nutrition plays a key role in adaptation and accordingly nutritional needs vary to a great extent. Indian troops have to operate in diversified field conditions like, hot and dry deserts of Rajasthan where temperature goes above 50°C, humid forests of North East, hot humid coastal regions and high altitude (HA), snow bound areas of Himalayas with subzero temperatures. Proper nutrition is often overlooked but is a critical component of effective work under these conditions. HA presents an extreme environment with hypoxia, cold, high solar radiation as physical stresses beside the psychological stress. Many studies have shown that there is a significant decrease in body weight on ascent and/or a stay at HA. This weight loss is mainly caused by malnutrition due to hypoxia related anorexia, independent of acute mountain sickness. Intake of calories and nutrients is reduced by about 40% at HA without alterations in gastrointestinal functions up to a height of 5000m. Various causes for anorexia at HA like change in taste sensitivity and hormonal alterations have been studied. The vitamin requirements at HA are not different f rom sea levels. However supplementation of antioxidants i.e. vitamin C, Vitamin E and zinc have been found to be beneficial during initial stages of acclimatization. Health food supplements and "adaptogens" such as Composite Indian Herbal Preparation (CIHP) have been found to enhance the acclimatization of soldiers at HA. There is a common belief that cold climatic conditions lead to an increased appetite. However the reported increase in appetite is also associated with changes in other factors i.e. increased activity levels, energy expenditure due to thermogenesis, social isolation and modification in the diet. Increase in body weight is a common observation of various Indian Antarctic expeditions, which is mainly due to increased calorie intake.
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Papers by William Selvamurthy