Walter Lee

Followers

Following

Co-authors

Public Views

Rakesh Datta

Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India

Mehmet Akif KILIC

Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi

Bijan Khademi

Shiraz University Of Medical Sciences

Sanjay K munjal

PGIMER,CHD,India

José Ercolino

Universidad Central de Venezuela

Balasubramanian Thiagarajan

Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute University

Sampath Chandra Prasad Rao

Manipal Academy of Higher Education

Cemal Cingi

Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Turkey

Francisco Javier Cervera-Paz

Universidad de Navarra

Gary Sibbald

University of Toronto

Interests

Uploads

Papers by Walter Lee

Quantifying the Dynamics of Field Cancerization in Tobacco-Related Head and Neck Cancer: A Multiscale Modeling Approach

Cancer research, Jan 15, 2016

High rates of local recurrence in tobacco-related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) a... more High rates of local recurrence in tobacco-related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are commonly attributed to unresected fields of precancerous tissue. Because they are not easily detectable at the time of surgery without additional biopsies, there is a need for noninvasive methods to predict the extent and dynamics of these fields. Here, we developed a spatial stochastic model of tobacco-related HNSCC at the tissue level and calibrated the model using a Bayesian framework and population-level incidence data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry. Probabilistic model analyses were performed to predict the field geometry at time of diagnosis, and model predictions of age-specific recurrence risks were tested against outcome data from SEER. The calibrated models predicted a strong dependence of the local field size on age at diagnosis, with a doubling of the expected field diameter between ages at diagnosis of 50 and 90 years, respectively. S...

The promise of a profession lies within us

Bulletin of the American College of Surgeons, Oct 1, 2014

$Research paper thumbnail of Oxygen and perfusion kinetics in response to fractionated radiotherapy in FaDu head and neck cancer xenografts are related to treatment outcome$

Oxygen and perfusion kinetics in response to fractionated radiotherapy in FaDu head and neck cancer xenografts are related to treatment outcome

International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 2016

To test whether oxygenation kinetics correlate with the likelihood for local tumor control after ... more To test whether oxygenation kinetics correlate with the likelihood for local tumor control after fractionated radiation therapy. We used diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to noninvasively measure tumor vascular oxygenation and total hemoglobin concentration associated with radiation therapy of 5 daily fractions (7.5, 9, or 13.5 Gy/d) in FaDu xenografts. Spectroscopy measurements were obtained immediately before each daily radiation fraction and during the week after radiation therapy. Oxygen saturation and total hemoglobin concentration were computed using an inverse Monte Carlo model. First, oxygenation kinetics during and after radiation therapy, but before tumor volumes changed, were associated with local tumor control. Locally controlled tumors exhibited significantly faster increases in oxygenation after radiation therapy (days 12-15) compared with tumors that recurred locally. Second, within the group of tumors that recurred, faster increases in oxygenation during radiation therapy (day 3-5 interval) were correlated with earlier recurrence times. An area of 0.74 under the receiver operating characteristic curve was achieved when classifying the local control tumors from all irradiated tumors using the oxygen kinetics with a logistic regression model. Third, the rate of increase in oxygenation was radiation dose dependent. Radiation doses ≤9.5 Gy/d did not initiate an increase in oxygenation, whereas 13.5 Gy/d triggered significant increases in oxygenation during and after radiation therapy. Additional confirmation is required in other tumor models, but these results suggest that monitoring tumor oxygenation kinetics could aid in the prediction of local tumor control after radiation therapy.

Deformidad nasal en neonatos y lactantes menores

Clinicas Pediatricas De Norteamerica, 2003

Melanoma metastasis masquerading as bilateral acoustic neuromas

Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2003

Download

Regional spread of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the face via facial vein tumor thrombus: a case report

American Journal of Otolaryngology, Nov 1, 2008

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck most often spreads via direct extension or... more Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck most often spreads via direct extension or through lymphatics to regional lymph nodes. This is a unique case of a cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal dorsum with direct vascular invasion of the facial vein. This was initially incorrectly identified as a regional level Ib lymph node metastases, and the intervening venous structures were neither extirpated during an initial surgery nor recognized during subsequent radiation therapy. The patient then presented with a sizable recurrence in the right suborbital subcutaneous tissue region extending into the neck and internal jugular vein. During further resection, direct tumor invasion into the facial vein was pathologically confirmed. This unusual involvement is presented as the first documented report of regional spread via tumor thrombosis within the facial vein as demonstrated in the facial vein with a tumor thrombus, as demonstrated by computed tomography and microscopic findings. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Download

IL-12-dependent Enhancement of Cancer Vaccine Therapy Using Paired TLR Agonist Adjuvants

The Faseb Journal, Apr 1, 2008

Dendritic Cell-Tumor Cell Fusion Vaccines

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 2011

The use of cell fusion has been applied to the development of immunotherapy cancer vaccines. This... more The use of cell fusion has been applied to the development of immunotherapy cancer vaccines. This has typically involved the fusion of dendritic cells and tumor cells. The resultant hybrid uses the specialized antigen presentation properties supplied by the dendritic cell fusion partner to present tumor antigens, both known and yet undefined, to the immune system. This chapter critically examines the scientific foundation of this approach mainly focusing on studies over the last decade. This will include basic principles of tumor fusion vaccines, summary of pre-clinical and clinical data, concluding with remaining challenges and directions.

Use of In Situ Hybridization to Detect Human Papillomavirus in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Without a History of Alcohol or Tobacco Use

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is commonly associated with tobacco and alcohol use. There ... more Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is commonly associated with tobacco and alcohol use. There are, however, a group of patients without a significant history of tobacco or alcohol use, and the etiology of these tumors is incompletely understood. To examine tumors in this subpopulation for association with human papillomavirus (HPV) using newly available in situ hybridization probes. Between October 2004 and October 2005, 22 patients who did not use alcohol or tobacco were included. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections were used to perform in situ hybridization using newly available probe sets (Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, Ariz). The slides were examined for the presence of integrated HPV using light microscopy. Positive and negative xenograft controls were run with the assay. Results.-The mean age of the patients was 64 years. There were 14 men and 8 women. The most common anatomic sites included tongue (n = 8), tonsil (n = 7), and larynx (n = 7). All cases and controls were successfully stained. Only 2 cases were positive for high-risk HPV, and both demonstrated an integrated pattern. Both cases were tumors of the tonsil. No cases were positive for low-risk HPV. These results demonstrate that the new probe sets for HPV can be used very efficiently in clinical pathology material of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Our data show that high-risk HPV is an uncommon finding in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma from patients who do not have a history of tobacco or alcohol use; low-risk HPV was not seen in any case.

Variation in the Use of Vestibular Diagnostic Testing for Patients Presenting to Otolaryngology Clinics with Dizziness

Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2016

We used a national otolaryngology practice-based research network database to characterize the ut... more We used a national otolaryngology practice-based research network database to characterize the utilization of vestibular function testing in patients diagnosed with dizziness and/or a vestibular disorder. Database review. The Creating Healthcare Excellence through Education and Research (CHEER) practice-based research network of academic and community providers Dizzy patients in the CHEER retrospective database were identified through ICD-9 codes; vestibular testing procedures were identified with CPT codes. Demographics and procedures per patient were tabulated. Analysis included number and type of vestibular tests ordered, stratified by individual clinic and by practice type (community vs academic). Chi-square tests were performed to assess if the percentage of patients receiving testing was statistically significant across clinics. A logistic regression model was used to examine the association between receipt of testing and being tested on initial visit. A total of 12,468 patien...

Does an Otolaryngology-Specific Database Have Added Value? A Comparative Feasibility Analysis

Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2016

There are multiple nationally representative databases that support epidemiologic and outcomes re... more There are multiple nationally representative databases that support epidemiologic and outcomes research, and it is unknown whether an otolaryngology-specific resource would prove indispensable or superfluous. Therefore, our objective was to determine the feasibility of analyses in the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) databases as compared with the otolaryngology-specific Creating Healthcare Excellence through Education and Research (CHEER) database. Parallel analyses in 2 data sets. Ambulatory visits in the United States. To test a fixed hypothesis that could be directly compared between data sets, we focused on a condition with expected prevalence high enough to substantiate availability in both. This query also encompassed a broad span of diagnoses to sample the breadth of available information. Specifically, we compared an assessment of suspected risk factors for sensorineural hearing loss in subjects 0 ...

First Case of Laryngeal Glomangiomyoma

The Laryngoscope, Nov 1, 2005

Glomus tumors are derived from the normal glomus body, which is an arteriovenous confluence invol... more Glomus tumors are derived from the normal glomus body, which is an arteriovenous confluence involved with thermoregulation. These true glomus tumors are different from the &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;glomus tumors&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot; derived from the paraganglion system often encountered by the otolaryngologist. Glomus tumors have been reported in a variety of locations including the pancreas, perineum, nasal cavity, and torso; however, most are found in the extremities. We present the first case of a laryngeal glomangiomyoma. Furthermore, this lesion was successfully excised endoscopically with a CO2 laser.

Stepped-Dose Protocol of Cidofovir Therapy in Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis in Children

Archives of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Aug 1, 2003

To evaluate a stepped-dose protocol for intralesional injection of cidofovir in children with rec... more To evaluate a stepped-dose protocol for intralesional injection of cidofovir in children with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). Prospective, nonrandomized case series. Tertiary care children&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s hospital. Eleven children undergoing evaluation for RRP from June 1, 2000, through December 31, 2001. Intralesional injection of cidofovir was performed after microlaryngoscopy and carbon dioxide laser treatment. Patients received 4 monthly injections at a concentration of 5 mg/mL and returned 1 month after the last injection for follow-up. Patients with recurrent or recalcitrant disease then started a series of 4 monthly injections at a concentration of 10 mg/mL. Papilloma stage (0-3) documented at multiple subsites by means of serial microlaryngoscopy. We calculated a severity score by summing the scores at all affected subsites. The severity score decreased in each of the 11 patients during the course of therapy, from a mean +/- SD of 13.7 +/- 6.0 at enrollment to 2.1 +/- 3.4 at 1-month follow-up. Six patients experienced complete resolution (stage 0) and 4 others had mild disease (stage, &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/=5) after 4 treatments at the 5-mg/mL concentration. Five patients with residual or recurrent RRP subsequently started a series of 4 cidofovir treatments at a concentration of 10 mg/mL, with a mixed response. Intralesional injection of cidofovir seems to reduce the burden of disease in children with RRP. Patients with persistent or recurrent disease may benefit from an increased cidofovir concentration of 10 mg/mL, although some aggressive papillomatous disease remains refractory to cidofovir treatment.

Obstructing pyogenic granuloma as a result of blunt laryngeal trauma

Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Apr 1, 2007

Nasal deformity in neonates and young children

The Pediatric Clinics of North America, Jan 4, 2003

The nose is the central distinguishing feature of the human face. Nasal deformities can cause cos... more The nose is the central distinguishing feature of the human face. Nasal deformities can cause cosmetic and functional problems in neonates and young children. These deformities can be divided into congenital and acquired etiologies. Recognition, diagnosis, evaluation, and appropriate management of nasal deformities are important to the physiologic and psychologic well-being of these afflicted children.

Download

Gene Expression Profile of Dendritic Cell-Tumor Cell Hybrids Determined by Microarrays and Its Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy

Journal of Immunology Research, 2015

Background. Dendritic cell- (DC-) tumor fusion cells stimulate effective in vivo antitumor respon... more Background. Dendritic cell- (DC-) tumor fusion cells stimulate effective in vivo antitumor responses. However, therapeutic approaches are dependent upon the coadministration of exogenous 3rd signals. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanisms for inadequate 3rd signaling by electrofused DC-tumor cell hybrids. Methods. Murine melanoma cells were fused with DCs derived from C57BL/6 mice. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to determine relative changes in Th (T helper) 1 and Th2 cytokine gene expression. In addition, changes in gene expression of fusion cells were determined by microarray. Last, cytokine secretion by fusion cells upon inhibition of signaling pathways was analyzed by ELISA. Results. qPCR analyses revealed that fusion cells exhibited a downregulation of Th1 associated cytokines IL-12 and IL-15 and an upregulation of the Th2 cytokine IL-4. Microarray studies further showed that the expression of chemokines, costimulatory molecules, and matrix-metalloproteinases was deregulated in fusion cells. Lastly, inhibitor studies demonstrate that inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway could restore the secretion of bioactive IL-12p70 by fusion cells. Conclusion. Our results suggest that combining fusion cell-based vaccination with administration of inhibitors of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway may enhance antitumor responses in patients.

Upper Airway Surgery in Patients with Sleep Apnea

Otolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery, 2012

ABSTRACT

Therapeutic vaccine generated by electrofusion of dendritic cells and tumour cells

Developments in biologicals

Immunotherapy with fusion of dendritic cells (DCs) and tumour cells potentially confers the advan... more Immunotherapy with fusion of dendritic cells (DCs) and tumour cells potentially confers the advantages of DC antigen-presenting functionality and a continuous source of unaltered tumour antigens. However, fusion using chemical or viral fusogens has been inefficient. We have recently developed a high throughput electrofusion technique with which very efficient fusion rates (15-54%) were observed in over 300 experiments, using a variety of murine and human tumour cell lines. The fused cells display a mature DC phenotype and express tumour-associated antigens. In two pre-clinical animal models (B16 melanoma transduced with the LacZ gene and the MCA 205 fibrosarcoma), a single vaccination of mice bearing tumours established in the lung, brain and skin resulted in tumour regression and prolongation of life. However, therapeutic efficacy required the administration of adjuvants such as IL-12 and OX-40R mAbs. Effective immunotherapy also required the delivery of fusion cells directly into lymphoid organs (spleen or lymph nodes). Using five defined human T cell lines derived from melanoma patients, allogeneic DCs of HLA-A2, HLA-DR4 and HLA-DR7 haplotypes fused with MART-1, gp100, tyrosinase and TRP-2 expressing 888 mel melanoma cells were analysed for their ability to stimulate specific cytokine (IFN-gamma and GM-CSF) secretion. DC-888 mel hybrids presented all tumour-associated epitopes to both CD4 and CD8 T cell lines in the context of MHC class II and I molecules, respectively. The therapeutic efficacy of a DC-tumour fusion vaccine is now being evaluated for the treatment of metastatic melanoma.

Acute external laryngotracheal trauma: Diagnosis and management

Ear, nose, & throat journal

Laryngotracheal trauma may result in lifelong complications or even death if diagnosis or treatme... more Laryngotracheal trauma may result in lifelong complications or even death if diagnosis or treatment is delayed. Emergency room physicians, trauma surgeons, anesthesiologists, and especially otolaryngologists should maintain a high level of awareness of and suspicion for laryngotracheal trauma whenever a patient presents with multiple trauma in general or with cervical trauma in particular. Although there is some controversy regarding care, treatment in experienced hands will usually result in a favorable outcome. In this article, we review and update the diagnosis and management of acute external laryngotracheal trauma.

Download

Assessment of the Clinical Utility of Cervical and Ocular Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential Testing in Elderly Patients

Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology, Jan 24, 2015

To assess whether patient age or sex was predictive of a bilaterally absent cervical or ocular ve... more To assess whether patient age or sex was predictive of a bilaterally absent cervical or ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP or oVEMP). Retrospective case review. Tertiary Center. Patients presenting with normal vestibular tests (i.e. normal caloric and rotational chair) who underwent cVEMP and/or oVEMP testing. Patients with conductive hearing loss were excluded as were those with unilaterally abnormal VEMP results because they presented with evidence of a possible unilateral vestibular impairment. A total of 895 patients met criteria for cVEMPs and 297 for oVEMPs. The presence or absence of cVEMP and oVEMP responses elicited with a 500-Hz 125-dB pSPL air conduction stimulus. A logistic regression was performed including odd ratios and confidence intervals. Compared with adults in their 20s, the odds of bilaterally absent cVEMP responses are 6 times greater for patients in their 50s and 60s and over 22 times greater for patients in their 70s and 80s. A bilaterally abs...

Quantifying the Dynamics of Field Cancerization in Tobacco-Related Head and Neck Cancer: A Multiscale Modeling Approach

Cancer research, Jan 15, 2016

The promise of a profession lies within us

Bulletin of the American College of Surgeons, Oct 1, 2014

$Research paper thumbnail of Oxygen and perfusion kinetics in response to fractionated radiotherapy in FaDu head and neck cancer xenografts are related to treatment outcome$

Oxygen and perfusion kinetics in response to fractionated radiotherapy in FaDu head and neck cancer xenografts are related to treatment outcome

International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 2016

Deformidad nasal en neonatos y lactantes menores

Clinicas Pediatricas De Norteamerica, 2003

Melanoma metastasis masquerading as bilateral acoustic neuromas

Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2003

Download

Regional spread of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the face via facial vein tumor thrombus: a case report

American Journal of Otolaryngology, Nov 1, 2008

Download

IL-12-dependent Enhancement of Cancer Vaccine Therapy Using Paired TLR Agonist Adjuvants

The Faseb Journal, Apr 1, 2008

Dendritic Cell-Tumor Cell Fusion Vaccines

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 2011

Use of In Situ Hybridization to Detect Human Papillomavirus in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Without a History of Alcohol or Tobacco Use

Variation in the Use of Vestibular Diagnostic Testing for Patients Presenting to Otolaryngology Clinics with Dizziness

Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2016

Does an Otolaryngology-Specific Database Have Added Value? A Comparative Feasibility Analysis

Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2016

First Case of Laryngeal Glomangiomyoma

The Laryngoscope, Nov 1, 2005

Stepped-Dose Protocol of Cidofovir Therapy in Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis in Children

Archives of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Aug 1, 2003

Obstructing pyogenic granuloma as a result of blunt laryngeal trauma

Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Apr 1, 2007

Nasal deformity in neonates and young children

The Pediatric Clinics of North America, Jan 4, 2003

Download

Gene Expression Profile of Dendritic Cell-Tumor Cell Hybrids Determined by Microarrays and Its Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy

Journal of Immunology Research, 2015

Upper Airway Surgery in Patients with Sleep Apnea

Otolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery, 2012

ABSTRACT

Therapeutic vaccine generated by electrofusion of dendritic cells and tumour cells

Developments in biologicals

Acute external laryngotracheal trauma: Diagnosis and management

Ear, nose, & throat journal

Download

Assessment of the Clinical Utility of Cervical and Ocular Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential Testing in Elderly Patients

Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology, Jan 24, 2015

Walter Lee

Uploads

Papers by Walter Lee

Log In