Venkat Kallem

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I’m a constant learner.....for the quality neonatal care

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Jaswinder K Sethi

University of Cambridge

Anne Bruton

University of Southampton

Dr. Indranil Chakrabarti

West Bengal University of Health Sciences

Annelise Barron

Stanford University

Kenneth Chapman

University of Toronto

Jorge Iván Castillo-Quan

Harvard Medical School

Baharuddin Baharuddin

Universitas Surabaya

mikael baaz

University of Gothenburg

Nazik Elmalaika O S A HUSAIN

Omdurman Islamic University

Gustavo E N R I Q U E Zabert

Universidad Nacional del Comahue

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Comparison of STOPS and SNAPPE-II in Predicting Neonatal Survival at Hospital Discharge: A Prospective, Multicentric, Observational Study

Indian Journal of Pediatrics

Cleft, lip and palate surgery

British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 1994

This type of surgery is done to correct a physical defect caused by a cleft lip or cleft palate, ... more This type of surgery is done to correct a physical defect caused by a cleft lip or cleft palate, which occur once in every 600 live births. A cleft lip may be just a small notch in the lip. It may also be a complete split in the lip that goes all the way to the base of the nose. A cleft palate can be on one or both sides of the roof of the mouth. It may go the full length of the palate. Your child may have one or both of these conditions at birth. Most times, cleft lip repair is done when the child is six to 12 weeks old. A cleft lip may require one or two surgeries depending on the extent of the repair needed. The initial surgery is usually performed by the time a baby is three months old. Repair of a cleft palate often requires multiple surgeries over the course of 18 years. The first surgery to repair the palate usually occurs by the time a baby is six to 12 months old. The initial surgery creates a functional palate, reduces the chances that fluid will develop in the middle ears, and aids in the proper development of the teeth and facial bones. As a member of a team of healthcare specialists, your oral and maxillofacial surgeon (OMS) plays an important role in the carefully orchestrated, multiple-stage correctional program for cleft lip and palate patients. The goal is to help restore the jaw and facial structures, leading to normal function and appearance. Care and treatment must consider function, appearance, nutrition, speech, hearing, and emotional and psychological development. Cleft Lip / Palate and Craniofacial Surgery Oral and maxillofacial surgeons. The experts in face, mouth and jaw surgery. Metopic Synostosis The second most common single suture fusion is Metopic Synostosis, which occurs when the suture in the midline of the forehead fuses. Treatment involves surgery to reshape the forehead and orbital rims, and expand the volume of the intracranial space. Coronal Synostosis There are two types of coronal synostosis. Unicoronal synostosis leads to a flattening of the forehead. Bilateral coronal synostosis results in a tall, wide and flat forehead. Lambdoid Synostosis The rarest of premature suture fusions is the lambdoid suture synostosis, which can result in the flattening of the back of the head. Surgery reshapes the area to allow proper intracranial space. Complex Craniosynostosis Complex craniosynostosis is the fusion of multiple cranial sutures. Complex Craniofacial Problems Children with craniofacial problems often require complex, long-term surgical and medical care. Some complex craniofacial conditions include: Apert Syndrome, which is characterized by craniosynostosis, midface deficiency, fusion of fingers or toes, and other abnormalities. Crouzon Syndrome, which is characterized by craniosynostosis, maxillary hypoplasia, shallow orbits, and a bulging eye. Pfeiffer Syndrome, which is characterized by craniosynostosis, midface deficiency, broad thumbs and/or great toes, and other anomalies. Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome, which is characterized by a misshaped head, low-set frontal hairline, facial asymmetry, deviated nasal septum, and various skeletal anomalies. Treacher Collins Syndrome is a congenital disorder characterized by down-slanting eyes, underdeveloped or absent cheekbones, small lower jaw, small or unusually formed ears, and cleft palate. It is usually diagnosed at birth by the appearance of the infant. A prenatal ultrasound can show the facial features typical of a child with Treacher Collins syndrome. Children with Treacher Collins Syndrome should be evaluated by an experienced, interdisciplinary craniofacial team. No single specialist can manage patients with this condition, and treatment usually involves doctors who specialize in many areas. Depending on the severity of the disorder, a child may require one or more surgeries, which the craniofacial team will discuss with you. Pierre Robin Sequence Pierre Robin Sequence is a rare congenital condition in which an infant has a smaller-than-normal lower jaw which can cause difficulty breathing and feeding. Some patients also have a cleft palate. In addition to these physical characteristics, a child may have breathing problems, feeding problems in infancy, cleft palate, ear infections and hearing loss. Depending on the severity of the disorder, a child may require surgery and other treatments. The craniofacial team can discuss these treatments with you.

Venkat Kallem

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