Papers by Valentino Lauciani
We present the status of ShakeMap-EU, an initiative initially proposed in 2018 to: (i) provide an... more We present the status of ShakeMap-EU, an initiative initially proposed in 2018 to: (i) provide an integrated archive of ShakeMaps at the European level built on EPOS Seismology (www.epos-eu.org/tcs/seismology) services & data products and modern community software; (ii) serve as a backup to authoritative ShakeMap implementations; (iii) deliver ShakeMaps for Euro-Mediterranean regions where no local capability is yet available. ShakeMap-EU products are accessible since mid-2020 at the web portal shakemapeu.ingv.it. Jointly governed by the institutions participating in the initiative, ShakeMap-EU is founded on voluntary institutional contributions and EC-funded projects. ShakeMap-EU has become a reliable European seismological service that can easily and consistently integrate authoritative models and workflows. The system is based on: (a) the latest version of ShakeMap® (usgs.github.io/shakemap); (b) the earthquake information delivered by the EMSC (www.emsc-csem.org); (c) the earth...
The may 2012 earthquake in Emilia is one of the first natural disasters in Italy that has been la... more The may 2012 earthquake in Emilia is one of the first natural disasters in Italy that has been largely commented on Twitter. The paper analyzes a dataset that includes over 12.000 tweets containing the words “terremoto” and “earthquake” and that can be related to this seismic sequence. All tweets, extracted in real time by INGV using Twitter stream API, are geolocalized in Italy. The aim of the paper is to understand if user’s location (how close the user is to the epicenter) is related to different Twitter usage strategies. The analysis explores the use of Twitter in terms of tweet distribution over time, hashtags, and top mentioned accounts
AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts, Dec 1, 2019
SISMIKO è una <em>task force</em> operativa che prevede il coordinamento a livello na... more SISMIKO è una <em>task force</em> operativa che prevede il coordinamento a livello nazionale delle Reti Sismiche Mobili di Pronto Intervento dell'Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) [Moretti et al., 2012; 2016; Pondrelli <em>et al.,</em> 2016] e coinvolge le diverse Sezioni INGV che si occupano normalmente del monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale. La notte del 24 agosto 2016, a poche ore dal forte terremoto di magnitudo 6.0 che ha interessato il vasto settore del centro Italia, al confine tra l'Umbria, il Lazio, l'Abruzzo e le Marche [Gruppo di Lavoro INGV sul terremoto di Amatrice, 2016a; 2016b], SISMIKO, come gli altri gruppi operativi INGV previsti per la gestione delle emergenze, ovvero EMERGEO, per il rilievo degli effetti geologici cosismici, EMERSITO, per lo studio gli effetti di sito, QUEST per il rilievo macrosismico e IES rivolto alle attività informative per le scuole e la popolazione coinvolta, è stato pronta...
ShakeMaps is a web page that provides near-time maps of ground shaking for M >= 3.0 earthquake... more ShakeMaps is a web page that provides near-time maps of ground shaking for M >= 3.0 earthquakes in Italy and neighbouring areas. The maps are available for the macroseismic intensity and 5 peak ground motions of engineering relevance (PGA, PGV, PSA0.3s, PSA1.0s, PSA3.0s). These maps are open to public access, and available in different formats as jpg, ps, XML and shapefiles. They are used by the Civil Protection Agency for post-earthquake response and recovery and preparedness exercises, and by public or private local organizations to retrive information about the impact of the earthquakes.
The Italian earthquake waveform data are collected here in a dataset suited for machine learning ... more The Italian earthquake waveform data are collected here in a dataset suited for machine learning analysis (ML) applications. The dataset consists of nearly 1.2 million three-component (3C) waveform traces from about 50 000 earthquakes and more than 130 000 noise 3C waveform traces, for a total of about 43 000 h of data and an average of 21 3C traces provided per event. The earthquake list is based on the Italian Seismic Bulletin (http://terremoti.ingv.it/bsi, last access: 15 February 2020) of the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia between January 2005 and January 2020, and it includes events in the magnitude range between 0.0 and 6.5. The waveform data have been recorded primarily by the Italian National Seismic Network (network code IV) and include both weak-(HH, EH channels) and strong-motion (HN channels) recordings. All the waveform traces have a length of 120 s, are sampled at 100 Hz, and are provided both in counts and ground motion physical units after deconvolution of the instrument transfer functions. The waveform dataset is accompanied by metadata consisting of more than 100 parameters providing comprehensive information on the earthquake source, the recording stations, the trace features, and other derived quantities. This rich set of metadata allows the users to target the data selection for their own purposes. Much of these metadata can be used as labels in ML analysis or for other studies. The dataset, assembled in HDF5 format, is available at http://doi.org/10.13127/instance (Michelini et al., 2021).
Earth and Space Science, 2021
In this study, we assess the spectral characteristics of seismic noise at the sites of the Italia... more In this study, we assess the spectral characteristics of seismic noise at the sites of the Italian Seismic Network and its spatio‐temporal variability. The evaluation of noise is crucial for the assessment of the detection capability of a seismic network. We selected a set of 233 stations, those equipped with broadband velocimeters (with corner period > 40 s) and operating continuously for at least four consecutive years. The analysis was carried out in the frequency band from 0.025 to 30 Hz, in accordance with the seismic sensors bandwidth. We estimated the Power Spectral Density (PSD) of the seismic noise for fixed temporal windows and then we calculated the Probability Density Functions (PDF) at each station. Exploiting the large data set available, we have been able to: (a) describe the characteristics of the noise power at each site; (b) investigate both temporal and spatial variations of the background noise, revealing correlations of the noise levels with natural and anthropogenic noise sources; (c) propose an empirical relationship linking the “microseismic” noise (i.e., 0.12–1.2 Hz) with the geographical features of the site hosting the seismic station; (d) establish the baselines of a new seismic noise model that could be considered as a new reference for the Italian territory.
Seismological Research Letters
The European Integrated Data Archive (EIDA) is the infrastructure that provides access to the sei... more The European Integrated Data Archive (EIDA) is the infrastructure that provides access to the seismic-waveform archives collected by European agencies. This distributed system is managed by Observatories and Research Facilities for European Seismology. EIDA provides seamless access to seismic data from 12 data archives across Europe by means of standard services, exposing data on behalf of hundreds of network operators and research organizations. More than 12,000 stations from permanent and temporary networks equipped with seismometers, accelerometers, pressure sensors, and other sensors are accessible through the EIDA federated services. A growing user base currently counting around 3000 unique users per year has been requesting data and using EIDA services. The EIDA system is designed to scale up to support additional new services, data types, and nodes. Data holdings, services, and user numbers have grown substantially since the establishment of EIDA in 2013. EIDA is currently ac...
Annals of Geophysics
At 01:36 UTC (03:36 local time) on August 24th 2016, an earthquake Mw 6.0 struck an extensive sec... more At 01:36 UTC (03:36 local time) on August 24th 2016, an earthquake Mw 6.0 struck an extensive sector of the central Apennines (coordinates: latitude 42.70° N, longitude 13.23° E, 8.0 km depth). The earthquake caused about 300 casualties and severe damage to the historical buildings and economic activity in an area located near the borders of the Umbria, Lazio, Abruzzo and Marche regions. The Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) located in few minutes the hypocenter near Accumoli, a small town in the province of Rieti. In the hours after the quake, dozens of events were recorded by the National Seismic Network (Rete Sismica Nazionale, RSN) of the INGV, many of which had a ML > 3.0. The density and coverage of the RSN in the epicentral area meant the epicenter and magnitude of the main event and subsequent shocks that followed it in the early hours of the seismic sequence were well constrained. However, in order to better constrain the localizations of the aftersho...
Seismological Research Letters
The Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) is an Italian research institution with... more The Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) is an Italian research institution with focus on earth sciences. Moreover, the INGV is the operational center for seismic surveillance and earthquake monitoring in Italy and is a part of the civil protection system as a center of expertise on seismic, volcanic, and tsunami risks.INGV operates the Italian National Seismic Network and other networks at national scale and is a primary node of the European Integrated Data Archive for archiving and distributing strong-motion and weak-motion seismic recordings. In the control room in Rome, INGV staff performs seismic surveillance and tsunami warning services; in Catania and Naples, the control rooms are devoted to volcanic surveillance. Volcano monitoring includes locating earthquakes in the regions around the Sicilian (Etna, Eolian Islands, and Pantelleria) and the Campanian (Vesuvius, Campi Fregrei, and Ischia) active volcanoes. The tsunami warning is based on earthquake location...
Seismological Research Letters
The continuity of monitoring operations at national earthquake centers during crisis is an import... more The continuity of monitoring operations at national earthquake centers during crisis is an important challenge. In 2020, because of the COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) health emergency, monitoring centers all over the world faced new, unexpected problems. In Italy, the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) has the duty to perform earthquake and volcano monitoring, seismic surveillance and tsunami alerting, and maintaining effective communication with the National Civil Protection agency and the public. During the lockdown, that started on 9 March 2020, INGV set up a series of sanitary and organizational measures and improved the technological infrastructures in the control room in Rome for remote use of software for seismic network monitoring, seismic surveillance, and tsunami alerting. Our main goal was to protect the researchers and technicians on duty as much as possible and develop the remote use of software tools necessary to perform service activities when ...
&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;... more &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;The Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) has a long tradition of sharing scientific data, well before the Open Science paradigm was conceived. In the last thirty years, a great deal of geophysical data generated by research projects and monitoring activities were published on the Internet, though encoded in multiple formats and made accessible using various technologies.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;To organise such a complex scenario, a working group (PoliDat) for implementing an institutional data policy operated from 2015 to 2018. PoliDat published three documents: in 2016, the data policy principles; in 2017, the rules for scientific publications; in 2018, the rules for scientific data management. These documents are available online in Italian, and English (https://data.ingv.it/docs/).&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;According to a preliminary data survey performed between 2016 and 2017, nearly 300 different types of INGV-owned data were identified. In the survey, the compilers were asked to declare all the available scientific data differentiating by the level of intellectual contribution: level 0 identifies raw data generated by fully automated procedures, level 1 identifies data products generated by semi-automated procedures, level 2 is related to data resulting from scientific investigations, and level 3 is associated to integrated data resulting from complex analysis.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;A Data Management Office (DMO) was established in November 2018 to put the data policy into practice. DMO first goal was to design and establish a Data Registry aimed to satisfy the extremely differentiated requirements of both internal and external users, either at scientific or managerial levels. The Data Registry is defined as a metadata catalogue, i.e., a container of data descriptions, not the data themselves. In addition, the DMO supports other activities dealing with scientific data, such as checking contracts, providing advice to the legal office in case of litigations, interacting with the INGV Data Transparency Office, and in more general terms, supporting the adoption of the Open Science principles.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;An extensive set of metadata has been identified to accommodate multiple metadata standards. At first, a preliminary set of metadata describing each dataset is compiled by the authors using a web-based interface, then the metadata are validated by the DMO, and finally, a DataCite DOI is minted for each dataset, if not already present. The Data Registry is publicly accessible via a dedicated web portal (https://data.ingv.it). A pilot phase aimed to test the Data Registry was carried out in 2019 and involved a limited number of contributors. To this aim, a top-priority data subset was identified according to the relevance of the data within the mission of INGV and the completeness of already available information. The Directors of the Departments of Earthquakes, Volcanoes, and Environment supervised the selection of the data subset.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;The pilot phase helped to test and to adjust decisions made and procedures adopted during the planning phase, and allowed us to fine-tune the tools for the data management. During the next year, the Data Registry will enter its production phase and will be open to contributions from all INGV employees.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;
&lt;p&gt;Communicating earthquake scientific information is very important in countries l... more &lt;p&gt;Communicating earthquake scientific information is very important in countries like Italy, where seismic sequences are frequent, seismic risk is high, and people&amp;#8217;s perception of risk is strongly affected by fear.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;After the 2009 earthquake in L&amp;#8217;Aquila (central Italy), which claimed 309 casualties and triggered a long lasting dispute among scientists, journalists, citizens, including a suite of criminal and civil trials involving scientists and civil protection officers, the scientific and risk communication in Italy (not only on earthquakes) was facing a crossroad. The first choice (feared at that time by many reporters) was to minimize or even elude public communication, in order to avoid misunderstandings and involvement in litigations. The second possibility was to increase the efforts in public communication, getting closer to citizens. INGV definitely opted for the second choice. In the past ten years the INGVterremoti platform has augmented and differentiated its activities on the web and social media, substantially increasing the number of involved people, which amounts today to several hundreds thousand. The platform consists of a coordinated suite of social media channels, including Facebook, Twitter, Youtube and a blog (on wordpress), where we publish both updating during earthquake sequences and scientific topics. Our end users are mostly citizens, but also media and authorities. Our tweets on earthquake activity are often in the first pages of web and TV news magazines.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In September 2018, we started publishing automatic locations/magnitudes for earthquakes in Italy with magnitude equal to or larger than 3, after a careful analysis of the thresholds and of the best format to use, in order to warrant message understandability and to minimize false or incorrect information. This issue is very critical both to provide the best and fastest information to citizens, and to increase people&amp;#8217;s trust in scientific information and institutions. These are often blamed by citizens and by media when contradictory information is offered to the public. We will present an analysis of the first 18 months of this testing phase, which has been widely appreciated by the public.&lt;/p&gt;
Seismological Research Letters
This work describes a procedure to configure U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)‐ShakeMap for a given r... more This work describes a procedure to configure U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)‐ShakeMap for a given region. The procedure is applied to Italy to update and improve the ShakeMap service provided by Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV). The new configuration features (1) the adoption of recently developed ground‐motion models (GMMs) and of an updated map of VS30 for the local site effects and (2) the adoption of the newly developed USGS‐ShakeMap version 4 (v.4) software (see Data and Resources). We have used the same subdivision in tectonic regimes adopted for the GMMs for the new Italian seismic hazard model (MPS19, Meletti et al., 2017) and selected the most appropriate GMMs after application of a ranking procedure consisting of statistical tests. A cross‐validation technique has been applied to test the goodness of the selected configuration and to compare the ShakeMaps obtained with the old (Michelini et al., 2008) and the new settings. Finally, the INGV ShakeMap work...
Seismological Research Letters
Advances in Geosciences, 2016
The Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) is an Italian research institution, wit... more The Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) is an Italian research institution, with focus on Earth Sciences. INGV runs the Italian National Seismic Network (Rete Sismica Nazionale, RSN) and other networks at national scale for monitoring earthquakes and tsunami as a part of the National Civil Protection System coordinated by the Italian Department of Civil Protection (Dipartimento di Protezione Civile, DPC). <br><br> RSN is composed of about 400 stations, mainly broadband, installed in the Country and in the surrounding regions; about 110 stations feature also co-located strong motion instruments, and about 180 have GPS receivers and belong to the National GPS network (Rete Integrata Nazionale GPS, RING). <br><br> The data acquisition system was designed to accomplish, in near-real-time, automatic earthquake detection, hypocenter and magnitude determination, moment tensors, shake maps and other products of interest for DPC. Database archiving o...
This work addresses the determination of the shakemap of the l&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;am... more This work addresses the determination of the shakemap of the l&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;Aquila, M6.3 April 6, 2009, main shock. Since 2006 and as part of national projects funded by the Italian Civil Protection and by the EU SAFER project, INGV has been determining shakemaps for M3.0+ using the USGS-ShakeMap software package and a fully automatic procedure, based on manually revised location and
... models of the finite fault extension become available mainly from the analysis of GPS and InS... more ... models of the finite fault extension become available mainly from the analysis of GPS and InSAR data [Walters et ... PC England, I. Hunstad, JA Jackson, B. Parsons, RJ Phillips, and GP Roberts, The 2009 L'Aquila earthquake (central Italy): A source mechanism and implications ...
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Papers by Valentino Lauciani