Foot & Ankle Surgery: Techniques, Reports & Cases
Total talus arthroplasty (TTA) is a motion sparing procedure which can be utilized in specific an... more Total talus arthroplasty (TTA) is a motion sparing procedure which can be utilized in specific and unique cases of talar necrosis and/or collapse. Literature on TTA is limited and predominantly composed of case studies or case reports. The purpose of this publication is to compile a systematic review of functional outcomes and complications associated with TTA. A search of current literature on TTA with >1-year follow-up was performed. Studies that described talar body implants or talonavicular implants were excluded. Twenty articles met inclusion criteria, which represented 161 TTAs. The average follow-up was 37.35 months (9-60 months). The indication for a TTA was predominately avascular necrosis of the talus, comprising 75.78% (122/161) of cases. The overall complication rate was 9.32% (15/161), with wound healing complications (5/161), replacement or implantation of a tibial component (4/161), and medial malleolus fracture (3/161) being the most common. One patient required proximal amputation due to residual pain and deformity. Functionally, American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Score increased from 27.93 preoperative to 81.99 postoperative and Japanese Society for Surgery of the Foot Score increased from 43.2 preoperative to 89.34 postoperative. Visual analog scale pain score decreased from 6.44 to 2.60. Total ankle range of motion increased from 36.60° to 46.74°. Ankle plantarflexion increased by 3.45° and ankle dorsiflexion increased by 6.69°. Overall, available literature on TTA appears to be in favor of the procedure when indicated. Levels of Evidence: 4
This paper summarises recent legislative initiatives concerning repair and aims to identify the p... more This paper summarises recent legislative initiatives concerning repair and aims to identify the potential implications for future policies with reference to the Right to Repair and the EU's Circular Economy Action Plan. In order to achieve this aim, it offers evidence from 21 interviews with business practitioners. These practitioners comprise experts from companies that manufacture or sell products or provide after-sales services in three product sectorsclothing, furniture, and electrical and electronic equipment. Findings from analysis of the interviews are explored to identify value creation opportunities for and challenges to business innovation through product repairability. The research also addresses the importance of contributions from and collaboration between business stakeholders (e.g. manufacturers, retailers, brands and repair service providers) and customers in achieving successful business innovation. Business support needs from government are then addressed, followed by proposals for future legislationincluding a reconsideration of product standards and the introduction of financial incentives.
2017 IEEE/ACM 25th International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC), 2017
Bug localization is challenging and time-consuming. Given a bug report, a developer may spend tre... more Bug localization is challenging and time-consuming. Given a bug report, a developer may spend tremendous time comprehending the bug description together with code in order to locate bugs. To facilitate bug report comprehension, information retrieval (IR)-based bug localization techniques have been proposed to automatically search for and rank potential buggy code elements (i.e., classes or methods). However, these techniques do not leverage any dynamic execution information of buggy programs. In this paper, we perform the first systematic study on how dynamic execution information can help with static IR-based bug localization. More specifically, with the fixing patches and bug reports of 157 real bugs, we investigated the impact of various execution information (i.e. coverage, slicing, and spectrum) on three IR-based techniques: the baseline technique, BugLocator, and BLUiR. Our experiments demonstrate that both the coverage and slicing information of failed tests can effectively reduce the search space and improve IR-based techniques at both class and method levels. Using additional spectrum information can further improve bug localization at the method but not the class level. Some of our investigated ways of augmenting IR-based bug localization with execution information even outperform a state-of-the-art technique, which merges spectrum with an IRbased technique in a complicated way. Different from prior work, by investigating various easy-to-understand ways to combine execution information with IR-based techniques, this study shows for the first time that execution information can generally bring considerable improvement to IR-based bug localization.
Apolipoprotein D (APOD) is an atypical apolipoprotein with unknown significance for retinal struc... more Apolipoprotein D (APOD) is an atypical apolipoprotein with unknown significance for retinal structure and function. Conversely, apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a typical apolipoprotein with established roles in retinal cholesterol transport. Herein, we immunolocalized APOD to the photoreceptor inner segments and conducted ophthalmic characterizations of ApoD −/− and ApoD −/− ApoE −/− mice. ApoD −/− mice had normal levels of retinal sterols but changes in the chorioretinal blood vessels and impaired retinal function. The whole body glucose disposal was impaired in this genotype but the retinal glucose metabolism was unchanged. ApoD −/− ApoE −/− mice had altered sterol profile in the retina but apparently normal chorioretinal vasculature and function. The whole body glucose disposal and retinal glucose utilization were enhanced in this genotype. OB-Rb, both leptin and APOD receptor, was found to be expressed in the photoreceptor inner segments and was at increased abundance in the ApoD −/− and ApoD −/− ApoE −/− retinas. Retinal levels of Glut4 and Cd36, the glucose transporter and scavenger receptor, respectively, were increased as well, thus linking APOD to retinal glucose and fatty acid metabolism and suggesting the APOD-OB-Rb-GLUT4/CD36 axis. In vivo isotopic labeling, transmission electron microscopy, and retinal proteomics provided additional insights into the mechanism underlying the retinal phenotypes of ApoD −/− and ApoD −/− ApoE −/− mice. Collectively, our data suggest that the APOD roles in the retina are context-specific and could determine retinal glucose fluxes into different pathways. APOD and APOE do not play redundant, complementary or opposing roles in the retina, rather their interplay is more complex and reflects retinal responses elicited by lack of these apolipoproteins.
Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods, 2020
We consider the problem of flexibly modeling the conditional density of a multivariate response g... more We consider the problem of flexibly modeling the conditional density of a multivariate response given covariates. We model the regression density function as a mixture of multivariate normals density with the mean vectors and mixing probabilities varying smoothly as functions of the covariates. A fast Variational Bayes fitting algorithm is developed with variable selection and the number of components selection conveniently and efficiently embedded within the variational Bayes update. The proposed method is applicable to high-dimensional settings where the number of potential covariates can be larger than the sample size. The methodology is demonstrated through simulated and real data examples. The R code is available upon request.
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a component of lipid-transporting particles and a recognition ligand f... more Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a component of lipid-transporting particles and a recognition ligand for receptors, which bind these particles. The APOE isoform 2 is a risk factor for age-related macular degeneration; nevertheless APOE absence in humans and mice does not significantly affect the retina. We found that retinal cholesterol biosynthesis and the levels of retinal cholesterol were increased in mice, whereas cholesterol elimination by metabolism was decreased. No focal cholesterol deposits were observed in the retina. Retinal proteomics identified the most abundant cholesterol-related proteins in wild type mice and revealed that of these cholesterol-related proteins, only APOA4 had increased expression in the retina. In addition, there were changes in retinal abundance of proteins involved in pro- and anti-inflammatory responses, cellular cytoskeleton maintenance, vesicular traffic, and retinal iron homeostasis. The data obtained indicate that when APOE is absent, particles con...
Unfortunately, Figure 1 was incorrectly published in the original publication and the correct ver... more Unfortunately, Figure 1 was incorrectly published in the original publication and the correct version is updated here.
The process of vision is impossible without the photoreceptor cells, which have a unique structur... more The process of vision is impossible without the photoreceptor cells, which have a unique structure and specific maintenance of cholesterol. Herein we report on the previously unrecognized cholesterol-related pathway in the retina discovered during follow-up characterizations of Cyp27a1(-/-)Cyp46a1(-/-) mice. These animals have retinal hypercholesterolemia and convert excess retinal cholesterol into cholesterol esters, normally present in the retina in very small amounts. We established that in the Cyp27a1(-/-)Cyp46a1(-/-) retina, cholesterol esters are generated by and accumulate in the photoreceptor outer segments (OS), which is the retinal layer with the lowest cholesterol content. Mouse OS were also found to express the cholesterol-esterifying enzyme acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT1), but not lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), and to differ from humans in retinal expression of ACAT1. Nevertheless, cholesterol esters were discovered to be abundant in hu...
... XXe Congrès de l'AFM, Saint-Malo : (2004). Importation du concept du sentiment d'ef... more ... XXe Congrès de l'AFM, Saint-Malo : (2004). Importation du concept du sentiment d'efficacité personnelle en comportement du consommateur. Proposition d'une échelle de mesure. TungDao 1. (06/05/2004). 1 : Centre de Recherche en Economie et Management (CREM). ...
Foot & Ankle Surgery: Techniques, Reports & Cases
Total talus arthroplasty (TTA) is a motion sparing procedure which can be utilized in specific an... more Total talus arthroplasty (TTA) is a motion sparing procedure which can be utilized in specific and unique cases of talar necrosis and/or collapse. Literature on TTA is limited and predominantly composed of case studies or case reports. The purpose of this publication is to compile a systematic review of functional outcomes and complications associated with TTA. A search of current literature on TTA with >1-year follow-up was performed. Studies that described talar body implants or talonavicular implants were excluded. Twenty articles met inclusion criteria, which represented 161 TTAs. The average follow-up was 37.35 months (9-60 months). The indication for a TTA was predominately avascular necrosis of the talus, comprising 75.78% (122/161) of cases. The overall complication rate was 9.32% (15/161), with wound healing complications (5/161), replacement or implantation of a tibial component (4/161), and medial malleolus fracture (3/161) being the most common. One patient required proximal amputation due to residual pain and deformity. Functionally, American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Score increased from 27.93 preoperative to 81.99 postoperative and Japanese Society for Surgery of the Foot Score increased from 43.2 preoperative to 89.34 postoperative. Visual analog scale pain score decreased from 6.44 to 2.60. Total ankle range of motion increased from 36.60° to 46.74°. Ankle plantarflexion increased by 3.45° and ankle dorsiflexion increased by 6.69°. Overall, available literature on TTA appears to be in favor of the procedure when indicated. Levels of Evidence: 4
This paper summarises recent legislative initiatives concerning repair and aims to identify the p... more This paper summarises recent legislative initiatives concerning repair and aims to identify the potential implications for future policies with reference to the Right to Repair and the EU's Circular Economy Action Plan. In order to achieve this aim, it offers evidence from 21 interviews with business practitioners. These practitioners comprise experts from companies that manufacture or sell products or provide after-sales services in three product sectorsclothing, furniture, and electrical and electronic equipment. Findings from analysis of the interviews are explored to identify value creation opportunities for and challenges to business innovation through product repairability. The research also addresses the importance of contributions from and collaboration between business stakeholders (e.g. manufacturers, retailers, brands and repair service providers) and customers in achieving successful business innovation. Business support needs from government are then addressed, followed by proposals for future legislationincluding a reconsideration of product standards and the introduction of financial incentives.
2017 IEEE/ACM 25th International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC), 2017
Bug localization is challenging and time-consuming. Given a bug report, a developer may spend tre... more Bug localization is challenging and time-consuming. Given a bug report, a developer may spend tremendous time comprehending the bug description together with code in order to locate bugs. To facilitate bug report comprehension, information retrieval (IR)-based bug localization techniques have been proposed to automatically search for and rank potential buggy code elements (i.e., classes or methods). However, these techniques do not leverage any dynamic execution information of buggy programs. In this paper, we perform the first systematic study on how dynamic execution information can help with static IR-based bug localization. More specifically, with the fixing patches and bug reports of 157 real bugs, we investigated the impact of various execution information (i.e. coverage, slicing, and spectrum) on three IR-based techniques: the baseline technique, BugLocator, and BLUiR. Our experiments demonstrate that both the coverage and slicing information of failed tests can effectively reduce the search space and improve IR-based techniques at both class and method levels. Using additional spectrum information can further improve bug localization at the method but not the class level. Some of our investigated ways of augmenting IR-based bug localization with execution information even outperform a state-of-the-art technique, which merges spectrum with an IRbased technique in a complicated way. Different from prior work, by investigating various easy-to-understand ways to combine execution information with IR-based techniques, this study shows for the first time that execution information can generally bring considerable improvement to IR-based bug localization.
Apolipoprotein D (APOD) is an atypical apolipoprotein with unknown significance for retinal struc... more Apolipoprotein D (APOD) is an atypical apolipoprotein with unknown significance for retinal structure and function. Conversely, apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a typical apolipoprotein with established roles in retinal cholesterol transport. Herein, we immunolocalized APOD to the photoreceptor inner segments and conducted ophthalmic characterizations of ApoD −/− and ApoD −/− ApoE −/− mice. ApoD −/− mice had normal levels of retinal sterols but changes in the chorioretinal blood vessels and impaired retinal function. The whole body glucose disposal was impaired in this genotype but the retinal glucose metabolism was unchanged. ApoD −/− ApoE −/− mice had altered sterol profile in the retina but apparently normal chorioretinal vasculature and function. The whole body glucose disposal and retinal glucose utilization were enhanced in this genotype. OB-Rb, both leptin and APOD receptor, was found to be expressed in the photoreceptor inner segments and was at increased abundance in the ApoD −/− and ApoD −/− ApoE −/− retinas. Retinal levels of Glut4 and Cd36, the glucose transporter and scavenger receptor, respectively, were increased as well, thus linking APOD to retinal glucose and fatty acid metabolism and suggesting the APOD-OB-Rb-GLUT4/CD36 axis. In vivo isotopic labeling, transmission electron microscopy, and retinal proteomics provided additional insights into the mechanism underlying the retinal phenotypes of ApoD −/− and ApoD −/− ApoE −/− mice. Collectively, our data suggest that the APOD roles in the retina are context-specific and could determine retinal glucose fluxes into different pathways. APOD and APOE do not play redundant, complementary or opposing roles in the retina, rather their interplay is more complex and reflects retinal responses elicited by lack of these apolipoproteins.
Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods, 2020
We consider the problem of flexibly modeling the conditional density of a multivariate response g... more We consider the problem of flexibly modeling the conditional density of a multivariate response given covariates. We model the regression density function as a mixture of multivariate normals density with the mean vectors and mixing probabilities varying smoothly as functions of the covariates. A fast Variational Bayes fitting algorithm is developed with variable selection and the number of components selection conveniently and efficiently embedded within the variational Bayes update. The proposed method is applicable to high-dimensional settings where the number of potential covariates can be larger than the sample size. The methodology is demonstrated through simulated and real data examples. The R code is available upon request.
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a component of lipid-transporting particles and a recognition ligand f... more Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a component of lipid-transporting particles and a recognition ligand for receptors, which bind these particles. The APOE isoform 2 is a risk factor for age-related macular degeneration; nevertheless APOE absence in humans and mice does not significantly affect the retina. We found that retinal cholesterol biosynthesis and the levels of retinal cholesterol were increased in mice, whereas cholesterol elimination by metabolism was decreased. No focal cholesterol deposits were observed in the retina. Retinal proteomics identified the most abundant cholesterol-related proteins in wild type mice and revealed that of these cholesterol-related proteins, only APOA4 had increased expression in the retina. In addition, there were changes in retinal abundance of proteins involved in pro- and anti-inflammatory responses, cellular cytoskeleton maintenance, vesicular traffic, and retinal iron homeostasis. The data obtained indicate that when APOE is absent, particles con...
Unfortunately, Figure 1 was incorrectly published in the original publication and the correct ver... more Unfortunately, Figure 1 was incorrectly published in the original publication and the correct version is updated here.
The process of vision is impossible without the photoreceptor cells, which have a unique structur... more The process of vision is impossible without the photoreceptor cells, which have a unique structure and specific maintenance of cholesterol. Herein we report on the previously unrecognized cholesterol-related pathway in the retina discovered during follow-up characterizations of Cyp27a1(-/-)Cyp46a1(-/-) mice. These animals have retinal hypercholesterolemia and convert excess retinal cholesterol into cholesterol esters, normally present in the retina in very small amounts. We established that in the Cyp27a1(-/-)Cyp46a1(-/-) retina, cholesterol esters are generated by and accumulate in the photoreceptor outer segments (OS), which is the retinal layer with the lowest cholesterol content. Mouse OS were also found to express the cholesterol-esterifying enzyme acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT1), but not lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), and to differ from humans in retinal expression of ACAT1. Nevertheless, cholesterol esters were discovered to be abundant in hu...
... XXe Congrès de l'AFM, Saint-Malo : (2004). Importation du concept du sentiment d'ef... more ... XXe Congrès de l'AFM, Saint-Malo : (2004). Importation du concept du sentiment d'efficacité personnelle en comportement du consommateur. Proposition d'une échelle de mesure. TungDao 1. (06/05/2004). 1 : Centre de Recherche en Economie et Management (CREM). ...
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