Papers by Tsuneko Nakazawa
Proceedings of the International Conference on Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar, 2021
Resultative phrases are generally believed to conform to the Direct Object Restriction: that is, ... more Resultative phrases are generally believed to conform to the Direct Object Restriction: that is, they describe the direct object if verbs are transitive. However, some exceptions have occasionally been reported, and this paper investigates the problem by focusing on resultative phrases that occur with the valency alternation verbs in Japanese and Mandarin Chinese. Verbs that license the locative alternation and locatum-subject alternation describe events that involve two arguments, the location and the locatum, which are perceived to concurrently undergo a change of state. It will be shown that resultative phrases with a valency alternation verb can be predicated of either argument regardless of whether it is expressed as direct object. Furthermore, resultative verbal suffixes in Mandarin, interpreted as description of either the location or the locatum, give rise to the locative alternation while their interpretation remains the same. Thus, it is claimed that in Japanese and Mandar...
Proceedings of the International Conference on Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar, 2006
This paper attempts to decompose the Motion event into such elements as Figure, Path, Vector, and... more This paper attempts to decompose the Motion event into such elements as Figure, Path, Vector, and Ground based upon Talmy's framework, which makes it possible to formally analyze and compare the lexical semantics of the deictic motion verbs within and across languages. It is shown that the difference in interpretations of the Path is attributable to the lexical specifications of both deictic motion verbs and locative phrases. It is argued that deictic motion verbs can be lexically specified for the entailment of arrival only if they express the Path eventually directed to the deictic center. A formal analysis is given based upon the HPSG framework in order to identify the elements of a Motion event contributed by each element of a verb phrase, and to determine the compositional fashion in which they are combined to give the interpretation of the verb phrase as a whole.
The notion of coherent and incoherent in nitive constructions was introduced by Bech (1955) to di... more The notion of coherent and incoherent in nitive constructions was introduced by Bech (1955) to distinguish between two classes of control constructions in German which di er systematically in their syntactic behavior. In this paper, we propose an HPSG analysis for these two constructions which can account for a wide range of their syntactic properties. The analysis is built on our previous work on argument composition, which makes it possible for auxiliaries and main verbs to form a constituent. In fact, such a constituent is treated as a subclass of the coherent construction, and the previous analysis is extended to cover coherent construction in general as well as the incoherent construction. Furthermore, our analysis provides a natural account for the third construction. The term third construction was coined by den Besten and Rutten (1989) to describe the right dislocation of some part of controlled vps in Dutch. A similar structure is observed in German, and the control verbs i...
This dissertation proposes a unification-based formalism to provide a common basis for a computat... more This dissertation proposes a unification-based formalism to provide a common basis for a computational realization of different linguistic theories, GPSG, HPSG, and LFG in particular, both as a means of theory testing and for the purpose of developing natural language processing systems. A logical language, called LFD, is proposed to describe feature structures and unification as common components across different theories. The goal of the formalism is to provide an efficient computational solution to the unification problem while allowing enough expressive power for common linguistic concepts, such as disjunctive and negative values, and value sharing. The semantics of disjunctive and negative values is reevaluated as constraints on instantiation of unspecified values, and the semantics of negative values is defined in such a way that the satisfiability is monotonic with respect to the subsumption order. An intuitive correspondence between disjunctive and negative values e.g. '...
The present paper attempts to formalize the semantic interpretation of resultative phrases in Jap... more The present paper attempts to formalize the semantic interpretation of resultative phrases in Japanese in the framework of Generative Lexicon, with a focus on the semantic subject of resultative phrases, i.e. the entity which resultative phrases are predicated of. The semantic subject cannot always be identified with the direct object of transitive verbs or the subject of unaccusative verbs, as generally believed, but also is expressed as an oblique NP or not syntactically expressed at all. It poses a challenge to the interpretation of resultative phrases since it cannot be tied to a specific syntactic constituent. The interpretation of resultative phrases is encoded in terms of the FORMAL quale and its argument built through the co-composition operation.
Complex Predicates in Nonderivational Syntax, 1998
Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America, Mar 23, 2020
Resultative phrases in Japanese are generally believed to be predicated of the object of transiti... more Resultative phrases in Japanese are generally believed to be predicated of the object of transitive verbs just like English counterparts (e.g., I painted the car yellow). However, some exceptions are also known in which resultatives describe an oblique argument (e.g., otoko-wa kabe-ni penki-o akaku nutta 'the man smeared paint on the wall (so that the wall became) red'). Using BCCWJ-NT corpus data, this paper shows that resultatives with locative alternation verbs in Japanese are generally interpreted as description of the argument that is lexically specified to undergo a change of state, rather than of the direct object.
Proceedings of the 16th conference on Computational linguistics -, 1996
Lexical rules are used in constraintbased grammar formalisms such as llead-Driven l)hrase Structu... more Lexical rules are used in constraintbased grammar formalisms such as llead-Driven l)hrase Structure Grammar (IIPSG) (Pollard and Sag 1994) to express generalizations atnong lexical entries. '['his paper discusses a number of lexical rules from recent I[PSG analyses of German (tlinri<;hs and Nakazawa 1994) and shows that the grammar in some cases vastly overgenerates and in other cases introduces massive spurious structural ambiguity, if lexical rules ap: ply under unification. Such l)rot)lems of overgeneration or spurious ambiguity do not arise, if a lexical rule al)plies to a given lexical ent;ry iff the lexical entry is subsumed by the left:hand side of the lexical rule. I,'inally, the paper discusses computational consequcnce~s of at)plying lexical rules under subsuml)tion.
Ms. University of Tübingen, 2001
Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics, 2009
This paper analyzes deictic motion verbs in various languages using Talmy's framework, and isolat... more This paper analyzes deictic motion verbs in various languages using Talmy's framework, and isolates the Path of motion expressed by these verbs. It is argued that the different interpretations of the Path so discovered are attributable to the lexical meaning of deictic motion verbs as well as locative phrases. Furthermore, deictic motion verbs are claimed to be lexically specified for the entailment of arrival only if they express the Path eventually directed to the deictic center. The arrival-time and departure-time interpretations of cooccurring point-of-time expressions are shown to coincide with the entailment of arrival, or the lack thereof, which is inherent to the semantics of deictic motion verbs.
Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics, 2007
This paper examines typical deictic motion verbs come and go in different languages, Chinese, Eng... more This paper examines typical deictic motion verbs come and go in different languages, Chinese, English, German, Japanese, Korean, and Shibe, as well as other languages in the literature, using Talmy's framework for analyzing motion verbs. While his framework makes it possible to analyze and compare the lexical semantics of deictic motion verbs viewed as Path-conflating verbs, the actual characterization of the Ground, i.e. the deictic center, is far more complicated than suggested by Talmy: "toward the location of the speaker". The analysis of deictic motion verbs in various languages reveals that there is a cross-classified hierarchy among the elements which constitute the Ground: all languages take the location of the speaker at the utterance time as the deictic center while, in addition, the location of the addressee and/or the reference time locations play the role of the deictic center in some languages. Furthermore, it is shown that the Ground of the deictic motion verbs is relativized in some languages to the referent of a particular sentence element such as the subject of the matrix subject, rather than being anchored to the participants of the speech act, which are usually considered to determine the deictic center.
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Papers by Tsuneko Nakazawa