Papers by Tschangho John Kim
Tax Increment Financing
Land Use Law & Zoning Digest, 1985
... as the Illinois statute, extend this safeguard by empowering the municipality to make up for ... more ... as the Illinois statute, extend this safeguard by empowering the municipality to make up for other ... by the courts' pointing out-as the Wisconsin Supreme Court did in Sigma Tau Gamma ... a tax in-crement ordinance should not draw judicial review, as the tax allocation mechanism is ...
GIS for Transportation
Geographic Information Systems for transportation (GIS-T) are introduced and their applications i... more Geographic Information Systems for transportation (GIS-T) are introduced and their applications in both public and private sectors are reviewed and analyzed in detail. Defining GIS-T as an environment or framework for managing and analyzing spatial data related to transportation, the chapter begins with how GIS-T has been evolved by planners, engineers, and administrators in response to the need for collection of accurate data, data management, and dissemination of data as keys to successful management of transportation problems. Major applications of GIS-T in each state of the USA are introduced and described, followed by descriptions of the use of GIS-T in the private sector. Recognizing challenges that are specific to adopting information technologies, future directions for GIS-T in relation to intelligent transportation systems (ITS), artificial intelligence (AI), and ubiquitous technologies are also analyzed. The chapter concludes that GIS-T needs to solve new challenges stemming from collection and processing of various sensor data, from both situated infrastructure-based sensors and mobile sensors on distributed vehicles, distributing and presenting information to vehicle operators and city professionals, and provision of computation for algorithms required for traffic evaluation.
Integrating Transportation Planning Models with GIS: Issues and Prospects
Journal of Planning Education and Research, Apr 1, 1994
This paper examines the possible benefits of combining transportation planning models with geogra... more This paper examines the possible benefits of combining transportation planning models with geographic information systems (GIS) in the hope that integrating these systems can alleviate the inherent problems of transporta tion planning models, such as user unfriendli ness, labor intensiveness, and theoretical limitations. Specifically, this paper focuses on the issue of incompatibility between GIS and conventional transportation planning models in dealing with network topologies. Resolving this conflict in topologies is a cornerstone for eliminating the user-unfriendliness and labor-intensiveness problems. This paper presents the development of an algorithm that converts GIS topology into transportation network topology. The FORTRAN-based topology conversion algorithm generates transportation networks from GIS carto graphic files and establishes a communication channel between the two systems.
Heuristic Algorithm for Solving a Multimodal Location-Based Concierge Service Problem
Transportation Research Record, 2006
As a location-based services problem, the concierge service problem is to find a minimum total co... more As a location-based services problem, the concierge service problem is to find a minimum total cost for purchasing predetermined types and quantities of items with the shortest paths connecting the locations where the items are available. These locations are defined as points of interest (POIs). The total cost includes purchasing and stopping costs at POIs as well as the travel cost from origin to destination. To respond to a request for such a service, a search algorithm should be reasonably fast in computational time and high in accuracy. A heuristic search algorithm was developed by a Euclidean distance approach using a geographic information system. The algorithm was implemented with 1,248 POIs in the Seoul, South Korea, metropolitan area as a case study site. The road network is composed of 52,915 nodes and 77,339 links, and the existing subway network, and all existing bus routes were used for the implementation. Four scenarios were examined: a request for a service in peak and off-peak periods with and without turning restrictions. The results indicate that the computational time in each case is less than 4 s with the transit networks only and less than 30 s if the road network is used. The paper also evaluates the solutions generated from the algorithm.
A combined land use-transportation model when zonal travel demand is endogenously determined
Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 1983
... Article Outline. ... As in the original Lowry model, Macgill assumed that there exists an a p... more ... Article Outline. ... As in the original Lowry model, Macgill assumed that there exists an a priori determined number of "basic" employees in each zone. ... origin, destination and routes as well as amounts of goods to be produced at the optimal density of land uses are integrated into a ...
Model Application I: Measurement of Congestion Functions for Korean Highways
Advanced Transport and Spatial Systems Models, 1990
Travel cost, or in a more general sense, travel impedance, on a given highway link usually increa... more Travel cost, or in a more general sense, travel impedance, on a given highway link usually increases as the traffic flow increases.1 As traffic flow increases beyond a certain level, congestion takes place. In modeling a highway network with congestion effect, it is necessary to have a correct congestion function to account for increases in travel cost for the given highway environment. This highway environment includes driver characteristics, roadway conditions, and roadside activities. Different countries with distinctive demographic, economic, cultural, and behavioral characteristics might have unique congestion functions for their own environments.
Model Applications: Formulating Highway Investment Strategies
Advanced Transport and Spatial Systems Models, 1990
Improvement of road conditions has become a major concern for many developing countries in the 19... more Improvement of road conditions has become a major concern for many developing countries in the 1980s.1 Roads in many developing countries have deteriorated in the past decade due to their bearing heavier traffic loads than was originally intended for them, and funds have been allocated for expanding rather than maintaining the network (World Bank 1983)[13]. Thus, formulating investment priorities for road improvement has become an important component in national planning strategy, because transportation is vital to nations’ economies. Also, many countries face various problems from having allocated limited capital resources in the past to improving transportation facilities that have since deteriorated.
, except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection w... more , except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, etc., in this publication, even if the former are not especially identified, is not to be taken as a sign that such names, as understood by the Trade Marks and Merchandise Marks Act, may accordingly be used freely by anyone. Camera-ready copy provided by the author.
Empirical Analysis of a Hybrid Travel Time Forecasting Model Using Gis
The purpose of this paper is to empirically analyze a hybrid travel time forecasting model with G... more The purpose of this paper is to empirically analyze a hybrid travel time forecasting model with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technologies for predicting link travel times in congested road networks. In a separate study by You and Kim (2000), a nonparametric regression model has been developed as a core forecasting algorithm to reduce computation time and increase the forecasting accuracy. In this paper, adopted model parameters are defined and scrutinized so that the proposed hybrid travel time forecasting model could be utilized in various applications of GIS for transportation (GIS-T), particularly for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) applications.
Papers in Regional Science, 2005
This article estimates and evaluates the economic impacts from a catastrophic earthquake within r... more This article estimates and evaluates the economic impacts from a catastrophic earthquake within regional and national contexts, emphasising the inter-industry relationship in conjunction with regional commodity flows and the assessment of seismic damages on a transportation network. The analytical methods employed are twofold: a multi-regional input-output model and a regional commodity flow model. Using the above analytical framework, the economic impacts from a catastrophic earthquake are estimated and evaluated based on hypothetical scenarios of the event, by analysing the magnitude and extent of direct and indirect impacts. Furthermore, as possible extensions, the models developed here can be used as tools for strategic management of the recovery and reconstruction efforts after the event.
Estimating mobile source pollutant emission: Methodological comparison and planning implications
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 1983
In the United States, the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977 require that all non-attainment metrop... more In the United States, the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977 require that all non-attainment metropolitan areas evaluate the potential of transportation controls in meeting 1982 National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Many of these controls are designed to impact on mobile source emissions by altering vehicular speed.The paper discusses differences in results obtained by two alternative methods for estimating the same area's mobile source emissions. The findings suggest that alternative zonal speed aggregation procedures can lead to widely diverging emission estimates. The paper further discusses the inherent assumptions in the aggregation procedures and the potential consequences of their uses in transportation planning for air quality controls.
Analysis of Economic Impacts of an Earthquake on Transportation Network
Advances in Spatial Science, 2004
ABSTRACT Prior to the 1990s, natural disasters and their economic impacts were not a major field ... more ABSTRACT Prior to the 1990s, natural disasters and their economic impacts were not a major field of study for regional economic analysts even though there was a sizeable literature based on structural engineering and geotechnical approaches. The latter approaches attempted to understand the behavior of earthquakes and to explore ways to prevent or minimize damage from the disaster should it occur. However, when decisions needs to be made on the retrofit of existing facilities as a prevention or the restoration of disrupted facilities after damages, economic considerations related to budgeting priorities have not been prominently featured. As a consequence, decisions about retrofit strategies tend to focus on engineering-based criteria (for example, bridge 21 on route 50 should be retrofitted because it presents the greatest probability of collapsing given an earthquake of magnitude x) rather than on economic criteria (for example, a 10% loss of capacity on bridge 10 on route 60 would create the greatest economic disruption under a similar earthquake scenario and hence would have the highest priority for retrofit). Hence, there is a clear need to provide some interface to explore the ways in which engineering-based assessments can be compared with those based on economic analysis tools. The current research described in this chapter provides such an interdisciplinary research effort.1
Integrated Information Systems for Highway Safety Management: Conceptual Design for Interoperability
2007 International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering (MUE'07), 2007
The Korea National Police Agency, Korea Highway Corporation, Korea Regional Construction Agencies... more The Korea National Police Agency, Korea Highway Corporation, Korea Regional Construction Agencies and the Seoul Metropolitan Government have developed their own highway and traffic safety information management systems. The critical problem is that these systems are not interoperable and compatible, since each agency developed its own system using different platforms and without a standardized data format. There seem to be
Integrated Information Systems for Highway Safety Management: Conceptual Design for Interoperability
2007 International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering (MUE'07), 2007
The Korea National Police Agency, Korea Highway Corporation, Korea Regional Construction Agencies... more The Korea National Police Agency, Korea Highway Corporation, Korea Regional Construction Agencies and the Seoul Metropolitan Government have developed their own highway and traffic safety information management systems. The critical problem is that these systems are not interoperable and compatible, since each agency developed its own system using different platforms and without a standardized data format. There seem to be
Integrated Information Systems for Highway Safety Management: Conceptual Design for Interoperability
2007 International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering (MUE'07), 2007
The Korea National Police Agency, Korea Highway Corporation, Korea Regional Construction Agencies... more The Korea National Police Agency, Korea Highway Corporation, Korea Regional Construction Agencies and the Seoul Metropolitan Government have developed their own highway and traffic safety information management systems. The critical problem is that these systems are not interoperable and compatible, since each agency developed its own system using different platforms and without a standardized data format. There seem to be
This research is an in-depth investigation of the costs and benefits of Geographic Information Sy... more This research is an in-depth investigation of the costs and benefits of Geographic Information System implementation in the Illinois Department of Transportation. It presents a methodology to determine the cost effectiveness of the implementation of this enterprise e-government information technology. The Department conducted an organization-wide effort to portray GIS capabilities and to identify and select specific GIS project candidates based on management priority, ease of implementation, and user commitment. A comprehensive Cost/Benefit analysis was then developed over Fiscal Years 1995 to 2004. The greatest portions of costs, over the ten-year timeframe, were for personnel (67%) and consultant services (19%). The research developed two estimates of benefits: Efficiency Benefits and Effectiveness Benefits. The results of this Cost/Benefit analysis of GIS implementation yielded a Net Present Value of $2.9 million and an Internal Rate of Return of 99.8% over the Fiscal Year 1995 t...
Advances in Spatial Science, 2005
Travel time forecasting models have been studied intensively as a subject of Intelligent Transpor... more Travel time forecasting models have been studied intensively as a subject of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), particularly in the topics of advanced traffic management systems (ATMS) and advanced traveler information systems (ATIS). Now, the interests for the travel time forecasting models have been revived, particularly since the market for location-based services (LBS) are foreseen to be rapidly increasing. While the concept of travel time forecasting is relatively simple, it involves a notably complicated task to implement even a simple model. Thus, existing forecasting models are diverse in their original formulations, including mathematical optimizations, computer simulations, statistics, and artificial intelligence. A comprehensive literature review, therefore, would assist in formulating a more reliable travel time forecasting model.
Journal of Transportation Technologies, 2011
According to the United Nations, the world will need to build new cities and/or expand existing c... more According to the United Nations, the world will need to build new cities and/or expand existing cities to accommodate about 1.6 billion additional urban residents by 2030. This rapid trend is the result of many complex socioeconomic and political factors, and poses unprecedented challenges to the functioning of cities and the quality of life for urban dwellers. The resources needed for accommodating new urban dwellers will be enormous. Can emerging information, communication and ubiquitous access technologies help us to achieve a sustainable global urban system in a ubiquitous technology space, mitigating the consumption of scarce resources?
Creative Urban Regions
Ubiquitous cities, or U-cities, are defined as places where public and private services can be de... more Ubiquitous cities, or U-cities, are defined as places where public and private services can be delivered and received anywhere and at anytime. The goal of this chapter is to identify the challenges and opportunities that arise in the development of strategic plans and policies that address the problems associated with rapid global urban population growth. This chapter focuses on the potential of recently developed information and communication technologies and on the utilization of these technologies in conjunction with emerging pervasive ubiquitous geographic information techniques. It also discusses the challenges existing cities face in striving for intelligent and sustainable development as they move toward becoming ubiquitous cities.
Springer Handbook of Geographic Information, 2011
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Papers by Tschangho John Kim