Thomas Degre

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Ecole Nationale Supérieure arts et metiers

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Universite Cheikh Anta Diop De Dakar

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Papers by Thomas Degre

L’importance d’une approche de la sécurité maritime fondée sur les modèles d’évaluation des risquesThe importance of a risk-based approach to maritime safety

Recherche - Transports - Sécurité, 2003

Les modèles d'évaluation des risques maritimes, qui s'inscrivent aujourd'hui dans le cadre des di... more Les modèles d'évaluation des risques maritimes, qui s'inscrivent aujourd'hui dans le cadre des directives récentes de l'Organisation maritime internationale sur la méthodologie d'évaluation formelle de la sécurité maritime, sont développés depuis plusieurs années pour permettre d'évaluer le niveau de sécurité d'une zone maritime donnée, par une approche systématique, à la fois méthodologique et quantitative, tenant compte en particulier des mesures de gestion du trafic des navires existant dans la zone, ou de celles que l'on envisage d'y mettre en oeuvre. C'est ainsi qu'ils sont appliqués aujourd'hui à l'évaluation de l'impact de certaines mesures des Directives votées par le Parlement européen en réponse aux catastrophes maritimes récentes. On pense à utiliser également les concepts à la base de ces modèles pour attribuer à un navire un indicateur individuel dynamique de risque d'accident, qui dépendrait de paramètres non seulement statiques, comme l'âge du navire, sa cargaison, son pavillon, etc. mais également dynamiques, comme les conditions de visibilité et de trafic que ce navire est susceptible de rencontrer au cours de sa navigation. Cet indicateur aiderait les représentants des États côtiers chargés de la surveillance et du suivi des navires en transit au large de leurs côtes à détecter en temps réel tout navire susceptible de provoquer une pollution. Dans l'affirmative, ils mettraient en oeuvre les mesures adéquates.

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The use of Risk Concept to characterize and select High Risk Vessels for ship inspections

WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs, 2007

The Paris Memorandum of Understanding (Paris MoU) has defined criteria aimed at better targeting ... more The Paris Memorandum of Understanding (Paris MoU) has defined criteria aimed at better targeting of ships for Port State Control inspections. These criteria are mostly based on ship detentions or deficiencies. Another approach proposed in this paper is based on the concept of risk, combining in various ways the probability of the occurrence of casualties and the potential consequences of such occurrences. These measures are to help identify High Risk Vessels (HRV) and to inspect them accordingly. The aim of this paper is to present methods used and results obtained in research into the use of the "Risk Concept" in selecting HRV for inspection. The research was carried out in the framework of the European project MarNIS of the 6 th Framework Program. To improve in the short term the current vessel-targeting system, it is proposed-as a first step-to combine the criteria used in this study (based on the three static physical ship variables: type, size and age)with the Paris MoU list of criteria restricted only to the flag, Recognized Organization and company of the vessel.

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L�importance d�une approche de la s�curit� maritime fond�e sur les mod�les d��valuation des risques

Vers une automatisation de la détection des navires à haut risque avec IRIS, un indicateur de risque individuel de navires pour la sécurité en mer ? Étude de l'effet de certaines variables sur les taux d'accidents

Recherche - Transports - Sécurité, 2005

Le Parlement europeen et le Conseil de l'Union europeenne ont arrete dans la Directive 2002/5... more Le Parlement europeen et le Conseil de l'Union europeenne ont arrete dans la Directive 2002/59/CE du 27 juin 2002, relative a la mise en place d'un systeme communautaire de suivi du trafic des navires et d'information, un suivi des navires a risque. Un Indicateur de risque individuel de navires pour la securite en mer (IRIS), correctement defini et affecte en temps reel aux navires transitant le long des cotes europeennes, permettrait d'automatiser, par declenchement d'alarmes visuelles et/ou auditives, la detection des navires a haut risque, rendant par suite plus efficace la prise de decisions par les Autorites competentes chargees de la securite en mer. La recherche porte sur un sujet auquel l'opinion publique est tres sensible - la preservation de l'environnement - et les perspectives de recherche sont nombreuses pour concevoir et valider un tel indicateur. Dans cet article, nous definissons l'expression generale de l'indicateur IRIS, puis nous presentons les premiers resultats obtenus sur une des composantes de cet indicateur, a savoir les taux d'accidents.

The Management of Marine Traffic, A Survey of Current and Possible Future Measures

Journal of Navigation, 1995

The risks involved in maritime transport are very much greater now than was formerly the case. Th... more The risks involved in maritime transport are very much greater now than was formerly the case. This has been accompanied by a considerable increase in the damage resulting from certain accidents. Maritime traffic management has been made necessary not only for reasons of safety but also productivity and comprises two main types of measure: first, laying down and enforcing suitable regulations and secondly, providing navigators with real time information which is not available to them on board from the Vessel Traffic Services (VTS).Section 2 of this paper is a general description of the techniques used in maritime traffic management and an account of possibilities for the future. Section 3 describes a feasibility study for a traffic monitoring aid system based on VTS and using a knowledge based system.This paper is based on one which was first published in the journal, Recherche Transports Sécurité, issue no. 9, 1993.

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From Black-Grey-White Detention-based Lists of Flags to Black-Grey-White Casualty-based Lists of Categories of Vessels?

Journal of Navigation, 2008

The Paris Memorandum of Understanding (Paris MoU) establishes each year in its annual report the ... more The Paris Memorandum of Understanding (Paris MoU) establishes each year in its annual report the traditional “Black-Grey-White” lists of flags. These tables are based on processed performances of flags over a 3-year period, showing the full spectrum between quality flags and flags with a poor performance. The performance of each flag is calculated by the Paris MoU on the basis of inspected and detained ships flying the considered flag, using binomial calculus. Furthermore, black listed flags are one of the criteria, among others, used by the Paris MoU for targeting vessels for their inspections. Using the same binomial calculation method as mentioned above but considering casualties instead of detentions and a multivariate approach instead of considering the flag only, it is possible to extend the Black-Grey-White lists of flags of the Paris MoU based on detentions, to Black-Grey-White lists of categories of vessels with regard to their observed casualties for a given period.At the ...

A Collision Avoidance System

Journal of Navigation, 1981

In this paper, by T. Degré and X. Lefèvre of the Organisme de Recherches Informatiques et Opérati... more In this paper, by T. Degré and X. Lefèvre of the Organisme de Recherches Informatiques et Opérationnelles appliqués à la Navigation (ORION), the authors outline the principles of a proposed collision avoidance aid based on the concept of a ship's ‘room to manoeuvre’ in the presence of the vessels' or hazards to navigation and a corresponding bridge display.

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Collision Avoidance from the Shore

Journal of Navigation, 1983

French maritime surveillance centres have been operating for several years. Experience gained ove... more French maritime surveillance centres have been operating for several years. Experience gained over this period, and the French government's desire to take all steps to limit the possibility of catastrophic pollution, has led the French lighthouse and navigation service, in cooperation with the transport research institute, to implement an updated programme for maritime surveillance centres to allow them to carry out their existing tasks more efficiently and increase the scale of their activities. For this reason, a new system is being tried out at Gris-Nez Centre. It comprises a computer, which receives radar data from the radar tracking computer and effects partial automatization of the operator's tasks. In the future, it is hoped to use this new computer to help the operation centre detect the most dangerous encounter situations between vessels.Obviously the centre is not intended to replace the officer of the watch, who will retain full responsibility, but it can assist b...

Apparatus for the detection and prevention of collision risks in deep sea and coastal navigation

Aide à la surveillance du trafic maritime à partir des VTS au moyen d'un système à base de connaissances

Navigation, 1992

海岸主導の衝突回避〔英文〕(The Journal of Navigation,Vol.36,No.3,September 1983)

航海, Mar 1, 1984

La gestion du trafic maritime. Mesures mises en œuvre et perspectives

Recherche Transports Securite, 1992

L’importance d’une approche de la sécurité maritime fondée sur les modèles d’évaluation des risquesThe importance of a risk-based approach to maritime safety

Recherche - Transports - Sécurité, 2003

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The use of Risk Concept to characterize and select High Risk Vessels for ship inspections

WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs, 2007

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L�importance d�une approche de la s�curit� maritime fond�e sur les mod�les d��valuation des risques

Recherche - Transports - Sécurité, 2005

The Management of Marine Traffic, A Survey of Current and Possible Future Measures

Journal of Navigation, 1995

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From Black-Grey-White Detention-based Lists of Flags to Black-Grey-White Casualty-based Lists of Categories of Vessels?

Journal of Navigation, 2008

A Collision Avoidance System

Journal of Navigation, 1981

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Collision Avoidance from the Shore

Journal of Navigation, 1983

Apparatus for the detection and prevention of collision risks in deep sea and coastal navigation

Aide à la surveillance du trafic maritime à partir des VTS au moyen d'un système à base de connaissances

Navigation, 1992

海岸主導の衝突回避〔英文〕(The Journal of Navigation,Vol.36,No.3,September 1983)

航海, Mar 1, 1984

La gestion du trafic maritime. Mesures mises en œuvre et perspectives

Recherche Transports Securite, 1992

Thomas Degre

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