By use of Electro-Chemical, Vapor Deposition and Rapid Quenching (RQ) techniques several magnetic... more By use of Electro-Chemical, Vapor Deposition and Rapid Quenching (RQ) techniques several magnetic materials in the form of thin layers are manufactured and investigated. These, generally, nano sized and multiphase, 3d-based materials exhibit a series of properties and effects such as Giant-Magneto Resistance (GMR) and Giant-Magneto Impedance (GMI) effects depending on their composition. The results of long-standing research in the Hanoi University of Technology on preparation technology, structure, properties and application of this kind of materials are shown and discussed in terms of their practical use.
The Mekong catfish Pangasius bocourti (Pangasiidae, Siluriforme) has been widely cultured in sout... more The Mekong catfish Pangasius bocourti (Pangasiidae, Siluriforme) has been widely cultured in southern Vietnam in floating cages since 1989 (15,000 tonnes annually). However, the supply of fingerlings has been dependent on catches from the wild, which has led to a reduction in the natural resources. Reproduction of P. bocourti was studied with brooders reared in earthen ponds or in floating cages on the Mekong River. Brooders did not show any sexual dimorphism but females were more developed than males in terms of body weight (+26%) and fork length (+7%). Induction of oocytes maturation and ovulation required a progressive hormonal treatment in two steps. Several daily injections of hCG at a low dose (500 IU kg−1) were applied first. These injections induced the development of ovarian follicles, indicated by an increase in their diameter. The second step consisted of two successive hCG injections applied at higher doses (1500 and 2500 IU kg−1) at an 8–10-h interval, which induced oocytes maturation, followed by ovulation at 19±3 h after the first injection. Mean ovulation and hatching rates were 66% and 55%, respectively. Ovulation was generally induced once a year for each female although a second ovulation could be obtained for some individuals in the same reproductive season. Fecundity was highly variable, from 400 to 16,700 ova kg−1, and average fecundity in ponds was twice as high as in cages.
Isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi that are multidrug resistant (MDR, resistant to chl... more Isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi that are multidrug resistant (MDR, resistant to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) and have reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones (nalidixic acid resistant, Na r ) are common in Asia. The optimum treatment for infections caused by such isolates is not established. This study compared different antimicrobial regimens for the treatment of MDR/ Na r typhoid fever. Vietnamese children and adults with uncomplicated typhoid fever were entered into an open randomized controlled trial. Ofloxacin (20 mg/kg of body weight/day for 7 days), azithromycin (10 mg/kg/day for 7 days), and ofloxacin (15 mg/kg/day for 7 days) combined with azithromycin (10 mg/kg/day for the first 3 days) were compared. Of the 241 enrolled patients, 187 were eligible for analysis (186 S. enterica serovar Typhi, 1 Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A). Eighty-seven percent (163/187) of the patients were children; of the S. enterica serovar Typhi isolates, 88% (165/187) were MDR and 93% (173/187) were Na r . The clinical cure rate was 64% (40/63) with ofloxacin, 76% (47/62) with ofloxacin-azithromycin, and 82% (51/62) with azithromycin (P ؍ 0.053). The mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) fever clearance time for patients treated with azithromycin (5.8 days [5.1 to 6.5 days]) was shorter than that for patients treated with ofloxacin-azithromycin (7.1 days [6.2 to 8.1 days]) and ofloxacin (8.2 days [7.2 to 9.2 days]) (P < 0.001). Positive fecal carriage immediately posttreatment was detected in 19.4% (12/62) of patients treated with ofloxacin, 6.5% (4/62) of those treated with the combination, and 1.6% (1/62) of those treated with azithromycin (P ؍ 0.006). Both antibiotics were well tolerated. Uncomplicated typhoid fever due to isolates of MDR S. enterica serovar Typhi with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones (Na r ) can be successfully treated with a 7-day course of azithromycin.
The Mekong catfish Pangasius bocourti (Pangasiidae, Siluriforme) has been widely cultured in sout... more The Mekong catfish Pangasius bocourti (Pangasiidae, Siluriforme) has been widely cultured in southern Vietnam in floating cages since 1989 (15,000 tonnes annually). However, the supply of fingerlings has been dependent on catches from the wild, which has led to a reduction ...
We develop elements of calculus of variational sets for set-valued mappings, which were recently ... more We develop elements of calculus of variational sets for set-valued mappings, which were recently introduced in Khanh and Tuan (2008) [1,2] to replace generalized derivatives in establishing optimality conditions in nonsmooth optimization. Most of the usual calculus rules, from chain and sum rules to rules for unions, intersections, products and other operations on mappings, are established. Direct applications in stability and optimality conditions for various vector optimization problems are provided.
We use the first and second order approximations of mappings to establish both necessary and suff... more We use the first and second order approximations of mappings to establish both necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for unconstrained and constrained nonsmooth vector optimization problems. Ideal solutions, efficient solutions, and weakly efficient solutions are considered. The data of the problems need not even be continuous. Some often imposed compactness assumptions are also relaxed. Examples are provided to compare our
We develop elements of calculus of variational sets for set-valued mappings, which were recently ... more We develop elements of calculus of variational sets for set-valued mappings, which were recently introduced in Khanh and Tuan (2008) [1,2] to replace generalized derivatives in establishing optimality conditions in nonsmooth optimization. Most of the usual calculus rules, from chain and sum rules to rules for unions, intersections, products and other operations on mappings, are established. Direct applications in stability and optimality conditions for various vector optimization problems are provided.
ABSTRACT The scalability of molecular beam epitaxy grown Ga 2 O 3( Gd 2 O 3)/ In 0.2 Ga 0.8 As / ... more ABSTRACT The scalability of molecular beam epitaxy grown Ga 2 O 3( Gd 2 O 3)/ In 0.2 Ga 0.8 As / Ga As with in situ Al 2 O 3 capping layers has been studied, in which the InGaAs surface Fermi level has been unpinned. The electrical and structural properties were improved with rapid thermal annealing to high temperatures of 800 ° C under N 2 flow. As Ga 2 O 3( Gd 2 O 3) is scaled down to 8.5 nm , the dielectric constant maintained at 14–15, similar to those of thicker oxides, resulting in an equivalent oxide thickness of 2.3 nm . A low gate oxide leakage current density of 10-9 A / cm 2 at |V G -V fb |=1 , small flatband voltage shift (ΔV fb ) , low interfacial density of states (D it ) of (1–3)×1011 cm -2 eV -1 have been achieved.
International Symposium on VLSI Technology, Systems and Applications, 2009
Ultra-high vacuum (UHV)-deposited high Ga2O3(Gd2O3) was proved to passivate Ge effectively, as ev... more Ultra-high vacuum (UHV)-deposited high Ga2O3(Gd2O3) was proved to passivate Ge effectively, as evidenced by comprehensive investigations including structural, chemical, and electrical analyses. The Ga2O3(Gd2O3)/Ge interface is revealed to be abrupt even being subjected to a 500degC anneal, a high kappa value of 14.5, a low leakage current density of ~10-9 A/cm2 with a Fowler-Nordheim tunneling behavior, and well-behaved C-V characteristics are achieved. Furthermore, Ge self-aligned pMOSFETs with Al2O3/ Ga2O3(Gd2O3) as the gate dielectrics have demonstrated a high drain current and a peak transconductance up to 252 mA/mm and 143 mS/mm, respectively, of 1 mum-gate length.
Sưu tầm và thiết kế bởi Phạm Việt Vũ -1 -Trường ðại Học Kinh Tế ðà Nẵng Ôn tập ngữ pháp tiếng Anh... more Sưu tầm và thiết kế bởi Phạm Việt Vũ -1 -Trường ðại Học Kinh Tế ðà Nẵng Ôn tập ngữ pháp tiếng Anh 1. Cấu trúc chung của một câu trong tiếng Anh:
By use of Electro-Chemical, Vapor Deposition and Rapid Quenching (RQ) techniques several magnetic... more By use of Electro-Chemical, Vapor Deposition and Rapid Quenching (RQ) techniques several magnetic materials in the form of thin layers are manufactured and investigated. These, generally, nano sized and multiphase, 3d-based materials exhibit a series of properties and effects such as Giant-Magneto Resistance (GMR) and Giant-Magneto Impedance (GMI) effects depending on their composition. The results of long-standing research in the Hanoi University of Technology on preparation technology, structure, properties and application of this kind of materials are shown and discussed in terms of their practical use.
The Mekong catfish Pangasius bocourti (Pangasiidae, Siluriforme) has been widely cultured in sout... more The Mekong catfish Pangasius bocourti (Pangasiidae, Siluriforme) has been widely cultured in southern Vietnam in floating cages since 1989 (15,000 tonnes annually). However, the supply of fingerlings has been dependent on catches from the wild, which has led to a reduction in the natural resources. Reproduction of P. bocourti was studied with brooders reared in earthen ponds or in floating cages on the Mekong River. Brooders did not show any sexual dimorphism but females were more developed than males in terms of body weight (+26%) and fork length (+7%). Induction of oocytes maturation and ovulation required a progressive hormonal treatment in two steps. Several daily injections of hCG at a low dose (500 IU kg−1) were applied first. These injections induced the development of ovarian follicles, indicated by an increase in their diameter. The second step consisted of two successive hCG injections applied at higher doses (1500 and 2500 IU kg−1) at an 8–10-h interval, which induced oocytes maturation, followed by ovulation at 19±3 h after the first injection. Mean ovulation and hatching rates were 66% and 55%, respectively. Ovulation was generally induced once a year for each female although a second ovulation could be obtained for some individuals in the same reproductive season. Fecundity was highly variable, from 400 to 16,700 ova kg−1, and average fecundity in ponds was twice as high as in cages.
Isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi that are multidrug resistant (MDR, resistant to chl... more Isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi that are multidrug resistant (MDR, resistant to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) and have reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones (nalidixic acid resistant, Na r ) are common in Asia. The optimum treatment for infections caused by such isolates is not established. This study compared different antimicrobial regimens for the treatment of MDR/ Na r typhoid fever. Vietnamese children and adults with uncomplicated typhoid fever were entered into an open randomized controlled trial. Ofloxacin (20 mg/kg of body weight/day for 7 days), azithromycin (10 mg/kg/day for 7 days), and ofloxacin (15 mg/kg/day for 7 days) combined with azithromycin (10 mg/kg/day for the first 3 days) were compared. Of the 241 enrolled patients, 187 were eligible for analysis (186 S. enterica serovar Typhi, 1 Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A). Eighty-seven percent (163/187) of the patients were children; of the S. enterica serovar Typhi isolates, 88% (165/187) were MDR and 93% (173/187) were Na r . The clinical cure rate was 64% (40/63) with ofloxacin, 76% (47/62) with ofloxacin-azithromycin, and 82% (51/62) with azithromycin (P ؍ 0.053). The mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) fever clearance time for patients treated with azithromycin (5.8 days [5.1 to 6.5 days]) was shorter than that for patients treated with ofloxacin-azithromycin (7.1 days [6.2 to 8.1 days]) and ofloxacin (8.2 days [7.2 to 9.2 days]) (P < 0.001). Positive fecal carriage immediately posttreatment was detected in 19.4% (12/62) of patients treated with ofloxacin, 6.5% (4/62) of those treated with the combination, and 1.6% (1/62) of those treated with azithromycin (P ؍ 0.006). Both antibiotics were well tolerated. Uncomplicated typhoid fever due to isolates of MDR S. enterica serovar Typhi with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones (Na r ) can be successfully treated with a 7-day course of azithromycin.
The Mekong catfish Pangasius bocourti (Pangasiidae, Siluriforme) has been widely cultured in sout... more The Mekong catfish Pangasius bocourti (Pangasiidae, Siluriforme) has been widely cultured in southern Vietnam in floating cages since 1989 (15,000 tonnes annually). However, the supply of fingerlings has been dependent on catches from the wild, which has led to a reduction ...
We develop elements of calculus of variational sets for set-valued mappings, which were recently ... more We develop elements of calculus of variational sets for set-valued mappings, which were recently introduced in Khanh and Tuan (2008) [1,2] to replace generalized derivatives in establishing optimality conditions in nonsmooth optimization. Most of the usual calculus rules, from chain and sum rules to rules for unions, intersections, products and other operations on mappings, are established. Direct applications in stability and optimality conditions for various vector optimization problems are provided.
We use the first and second order approximations of mappings to establish both necessary and suff... more We use the first and second order approximations of mappings to establish both necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for unconstrained and constrained nonsmooth vector optimization problems. Ideal solutions, efficient solutions, and weakly efficient solutions are considered. The data of the problems need not even be continuous. Some often imposed compactness assumptions are also relaxed. Examples are provided to compare our
We develop elements of calculus of variational sets for set-valued mappings, which were recently ... more We develop elements of calculus of variational sets for set-valued mappings, which were recently introduced in Khanh and Tuan (2008) [1,2] to replace generalized derivatives in establishing optimality conditions in nonsmooth optimization. Most of the usual calculus rules, from chain and sum rules to rules for unions, intersections, products and other operations on mappings, are established. Direct applications in stability and optimality conditions for various vector optimization problems are provided.
ABSTRACT The scalability of molecular beam epitaxy grown Ga 2 O 3( Gd 2 O 3)/ In 0.2 Ga 0.8 As / ... more ABSTRACT The scalability of molecular beam epitaxy grown Ga 2 O 3( Gd 2 O 3)/ In 0.2 Ga 0.8 As / Ga As with in situ Al 2 O 3 capping layers has been studied, in which the InGaAs surface Fermi level has been unpinned. The electrical and structural properties were improved with rapid thermal annealing to high temperatures of 800 ° C under N 2 flow. As Ga 2 O 3( Gd 2 O 3) is scaled down to 8.5 nm , the dielectric constant maintained at 14–15, similar to those of thicker oxides, resulting in an equivalent oxide thickness of 2.3 nm . A low gate oxide leakage current density of 10-9 A / cm 2 at |V G -V fb |=1 , small flatband voltage shift (ΔV fb ) , low interfacial density of states (D it ) of (1–3)×1011 cm -2 eV -1 have been achieved.
International Symposium on VLSI Technology, Systems and Applications, 2009
Ultra-high vacuum (UHV)-deposited high Ga2O3(Gd2O3) was proved to passivate Ge effectively, as ev... more Ultra-high vacuum (UHV)-deposited high Ga2O3(Gd2O3) was proved to passivate Ge effectively, as evidenced by comprehensive investigations including structural, chemical, and electrical analyses. The Ga2O3(Gd2O3)/Ge interface is revealed to be abrupt even being subjected to a 500degC anneal, a high kappa value of 14.5, a low leakage current density of ~10-9 A/cm2 with a Fowler-Nordheim tunneling behavior, and well-behaved C-V characteristics are achieved. Furthermore, Ge self-aligned pMOSFETs with Al2O3/ Ga2O3(Gd2O3) as the gate dielectrics have demonstrated a high drain current and a peak transconductance up to 252 mA/mm and 143 mS/mm, respectively, of 1 mum-gate length.
Sưu tầm và thiết kế bởi Phạm Việt Vũ -1 -Trường ðại Học Kinh Tế ðà Nẵng Ôn tập ngữ pháp tiếng Anh... more Sưu tầm và thiết kế bởi Phạm Việt Vũ -1 -Trường ðại Học Kinh Tế ðà Nẵng Ôn tập ngữ pháp tiếng Anh 1. Cấu trúc chung của một câu trong tiếng Anh:
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