Papers by Tajeldin Abdallah
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, Apr 1, 2014
Background: Dengue is the most common mosquito-borne infection. About 2.5 billion people are esti... more Background: Dengue is the most common mosquito-borne infection. About 2.5 billion people are estimated to be at risk of infection. Methods & Materials: This is retrospective study curried out at Kassala Teaching Hospital, eastern Sudan between Augusts to November 2010, the diagnosis or exclusion of dengue infection was conducted using ELISA IgM serology. Results: Eighty-one (71.7%) out of 113 patients had confirmed dengue infection at Kassala, Eastern Sudan during the study period. According to the WHO criteria, dengue fever (DF), dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) were observed in 30.9, 58, and 11.1% of these patients, respectively. The mean age of these 81 patients' was25.5 years. Male: female ratio was 1.8:1. Various symptoms including fever (100%), headache (75.3%), vomiting (55.6%), nausea (53.1%), and backache (30.9%) were observed among these patients. Thrombocytopenia (< 100/109platelets/L), and leucopenia (WBC count < 4,000 109cells/L) and hemo concentration (hematocrit >45) were reported in 86.4, 69.1, and 67.9% of the Patients, respectively. High alanine aminotrans-ferase (ALT, >65 U/L) and aspartate aminotrans-ferase (AST > 37 U/L) were seen in 9.9 and14.8% of the patients, respectively. There were five (6.1%) deaths, three of them had DHF and the other two patients had DSS. Conclusion: The current study showed that the majority of the dengue patients were adult, with the male gender preponderance. DHF and DSS were observed in 58 and 11.1%, respectively. The mortality rate was 6.1%.
Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 2012
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease, Apr 1, 2014
To investigate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) among patients with dyspepsia an... more To investigate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) among patients with dyspepsia and to evaluate the correlation between H. pylori infection and socio-demographic factors. Methods: This cross-sectional hospital-based study, which ran from June to August 2012, determined seroprevalence of H. pylori among adult patients in Eastern Sudan. The presence of H. pylori was determined using ELISA. Results: A total of 225 adult Sudanese patients were enrolled in the study. Of these, 148 (65.8%) tested positive for H. pylori. In logistic regression analysis, rural residency (OR=3.933, CI=1.337-11.26, P=0.01) was the only socio-demographic factor that was associated with H. pylori infection. The most common symptoms among seropositive patients were heartburn (OR=30.442, CI=9.478-97.776, P≤0.001) and/or epigastria pain (OR=28.225, CI=4.365-182.508, P≤0.001). Conclusions: Clinical suspicion can facilitate the detection of H. pylori among patients with dyspeptic symptoms in a geographic area with high prevalence of H. pylori infection.
Journal of Infection and Public Health, Feb 1, 2012
Journal of clinical intensive care and medicine, Oct 31, 2018
Introduction: Hypertensive crisis (HC) is recognized consequence of inadequate blood pressure (BP... more Introduction: Hypertensive crisis (HC) is recognized consequence of inadequate blood pressure (BP) control. A hypertensive crisis is further divided into hypertensive emergency (HT-E) and hypertensive urgency (HT-U). Method: Using a cross-sectional hospital-based study design, patients who had been diagnosed as having HC between January and October 2017 were consecutively recruited in the study. The criteria proposed by the Seventh Joint National Committee were used for the defi nition of HC. Result: A total of 81 (.81%) patients newly diagnosed as having HC were enrolled in the study. Of these patients, 50 (61.7 %) patients met criteria for HT-E, while 31 (38.3%) patients had HT-U. Renal impairment (16%), stroke (30.8%), acute coronary syndrome (13.6%) and heart failure (22.2%) were predominant complications associated with HT-E. Out of 81 study subjects, 13 (16%) patients died. Although there was no signifi cant difference in residence, history of smoking, Diabetes mellitus and history of alcohol consumption between groups, old age (P=.o22), male gender(.046), history of hypertension(.007), history of non-governmental employee(.003), poor compliance (p=.002) and high case fatality rate (p=.041) were signifi cantly associated with hypertensive emergency (HT-E). Conclusion: This study showed that HT-E has high case fatality rate among patients admitted with hypertensive crisis at kassala teaching Hospital. Therefore early detection of hypertension and appropriate management are the main stay for reducing morbidity and mortality among patients with hypertensive crisis.
Global Journal of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Research, 2016
Background: Concomitant infections with HBV, HCV, HIV and Malaria among VL patients are not uncom... more Background: Concomitant infections with HBV, HCV, HIV and Malaria among VL patients are not uncommon, thus this study conducted to describe the prevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV and Malaria co-infection with VL among patients admitted to Gedarif teaching hospital in Eastern Sudan. Methods: This was a retrospective, hospital-based study, carried out on data collected from the Medical records of confirmed VL patients at Gedarif Teaching Hospital between January 2013 and June 2014. Sera samples were tested for HBSAg, anti-HCV and HIV antibodies using enzyme-link immunosorbantassay (ELISA). Thick blood films were examined for malaria. Results: A total of 313 confirmed VL cases were enrolled in the study with mean age 31.4± (11.9) years. The majority of patients were male 237(75.7%). farmers 176 (56.2%) and rural residents 233(74.4%). Antibodies for HIV, HCV and HBV were detected in 14(4.4%), 5(1.6%) and 6(1.9%) cases respectively. Blood film positive for malaria was found in 29(9.1%). VL/HIV co-infection was noted in12 (3.8%) patients, VL/HBV co-infection was observed in 6(1.9%), VL/HCV co-infection was detected in four patients (1.3%), VL/ Malaria co-infection was accounted for 29(9.3%) and VL/HIV/ HBV/HCV/ Malaria co-infection was identified in 6(1.9%). 27(8.5%) patients were died of whom 18(62, 1%) patients had VL/ Malaria co-infection and 2 (33.3%) patients had VL/HIV/HBV/HCV/ Malaria co-infection, 5(1.9%) patients had pure VL and 2(16.7%) had VL/HIV co-infection. Although there was no significant difference in age, Gender, residence, and occupation among different groups, there was a high proportion of deaths among VL/ Malaria co-infected cases 18(62.1%) vs. 5(1.9%) p=<.001. Conclusion: Concurrency of VL/HIV/HCV/HBV and Malaria is an existing entity in Eastern Sudan. Therefore, it is recommended to perform routine screening of VL infected patients for simultaneous infection with HIV, HBV, HCV and Malaria. and eastern Sudan respectively, whereas, in neighboring Ethiopia HIV/VL co-infections ranging between 18-40 [10]. Worldwide, Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) represent significant public health problems and around 300million people are infected with HBV and HCV [11,12]. HBV and HCV infections are responsible for the majority of cases of chronic liver diseases namely liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma [13]. In Sudan the prevalence of HBV is ranging between 8.4 in Eastern Sudan and 26% in southern region. The sero-prevalence of HCV was documented as 2.2-4.8 in general population and 26% among haemodialysis patients [14,15]. Hepatotoxicity is a recognized side effect of anti Leishmanial treatment namely sodium stibogluconate (SSG), Co infection of HBV and HCV among patients with VL increased the risk of Hepatotoxicity during treatment with SSG [16]. Since the treatment of VL consists of intramuscular injections of SSG or other anti Leishmanial drugs, patients with VL were at higher risk of contracting dangerous blood-borne infections like HBV, HCV and HIV [17]. Sudan has high endemicity of malaria and visceral Leishmaniasis (VL), therefore, co-infections with both diseases were frequently observed [18].
Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology : the journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2015
The aim of this study was to investigate the seasonal variation and hypertensive disorders of pre... more The aim of this study was to investigate the seasonal variation and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in eastern Sudan, in the period between January 2008 and December 2010. The medical files of women attending at Kassala hospital, eastern Sudan with hypertension, with or without proteinuria were retrospectively retrieved. The data of patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were compared with a similar number of controls that were normotensive and non-proteinuric. During the study period, there were 9,578 deliveries; 153 patients had hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, yielding an incidence rate of 1.6%. Of all cases and controls (306), there were 183 (59.8%) deliveries in winter, 84 (27.5%) in summer and 39 (12.7%) in autumn. The highest rate of pre-eclampsia was in winter (1.1%) (CI = 1.1-2.7, OR = 1.7, p = 0.004) and the lowest rate was in autumn (0.2%) (CI = 0.4-1.8, OR = 0.8, p = 0.758.). Our study revealed significant association between the incidence of hypertens...
BMC Infectious Diseases, 2009
Background Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is the leading cause of genital ulcer disease in d... more Background Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is the leading cause of genital ulcer disease in developing countries, including Brazil, and is especially prevalent among men who have sex with men (MSM). HSV-2 infection represents a risk factor for the acquisition and transmission of other sexually transmitted diseases. The goal of the present cross-sectional study was to estimate HSV-2 seroprevalence and to determine the factors associated with HSV-2 seropositivity in HIV-negative high-risk MSM from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methods Stored sera were tested to estimate HSV-2 seroprevalence, while socio-demographic and sexual behavior data were used to measure associations between risk factors and HSV-2 seropositivity. Using the Poisson regression model with robust variance, prevalence ratios (PR) were used to estimate de degree of association between risk factors and HSV-2 seropositivity in bivariate and multivariate analyses. Results Seroprevalence of HSV-2 was of 45.7% (184 out of 40...
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2016
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality in... more Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality in eastern Sudan. Methods & Materials: A cross sectional hospital-based study carried out in Kassala hospital, Eastern Sudan between January and March 2015 to investigate the prevalence rate of TB and its associated factors during pregnancy using gamma interferon (IFN-γ) release assay (IGRA). Results: Two hundred and forty nine women were approached during the study period and 18.1% (45/249) had confirmed positive for M. tuberculosis infection using gamma interferon (IFN-γ) release assay (IGRA). The sputum test (Acid-fast bacillus-AFB) was found positive in 10 (22.2%) women out of these 45 cases. The mean age, parity and gestational age of the TB patients was 29.6 (4.4), 2.2 (1.2) and 21.9 (8.8) respectively. The vast majority of these patients were of rural residence (72.7%), housewives (91.1%) and illiterate (73.3%). Most of these patients (20, 44.4%) were a symptomatic, more than half (25, 55.6%) gave history of contact with tuberculosis patients, 26.7% (12/45) were vaccinated and 11.1% (5/45) had medical history of diabetes mellitus. In logistic regression model, while age, parity, education, occupation, size of family members, smoking, BCG status and medical history of diabetes mellitus were not associated with tuberculosis during pregnancy, history of contact with TB patients(OR=13.5; CI=5.6-32.5; P=0.000) and rural residence (OR=0.3; CI=0.1-0.7; P=0.006) were significantly correlated to TB in pregnancy. Conclusion: Screening of all pregnant women living in high burden setting of tuberculosis is recommended even in the absence of overt clinical signs of the disease.
Advances in Infectious Diseases
Aim: To investigate prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) among healthy asymptomatic and ... more Aim: To investigate prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) among healthy asymptomatic and symptomatic patients in the Arab world. Where H.pylori infection constitutes a real heath problem. Methods: A computerized comprehensive English language literature search of Pub Med, Scopus, and Google scholar was carried out in April 2016, evaluating the prevalence of H.pylori in the Arab countries. Results In the electronic search, a total of 100 papers were initially identified. And after evaluating the titles, abstracts and full text of relevant articles.44 papers were included in this review Conclusion: This review demonstrated high prevalence of H.pylori infection among symptomatic and asymptomatic people of the Arab world, immediate intervention should be made regarding identification, eradication and prevention of this bacterium. الهدف:هدفت هذه الدراسة لدراسة معدل انتشار الملتوية البوابية بين المرضى الذين يعانون أعراض و الا صحاء في العالم العربي. حيث تشكل بكتيريا الملتوية ...
Background: There have been few published reports on severe Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium ... more Background: There have been few published reports on severe Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria among adults in Africa. Methods: Clinical pattern/manifestations of severe P. falciparum and P. vivax (according to World Health Organization 2000 criteria) were described in adult patients admitted to Kassala Hospital, eastern Sudan. Results: A total of 139 adult patients (80 males, 57.6%) with a mean (SD) age of 37.2 (1.5) years presented with severe P. falciparum (113, 81.3%) or P. vivax (26, 18.7%) malaria. Manifestations among the 139 patients included hypotension (38, 27.3%), cerebral malaria (23, 16.5%), repeated convulsions (18, 13.0%), hypoglycaemia (15, 10.8%), hyperparasitaemia (14, 10.1%), jaundice (14, 10.1%), severe anaemia (10, 7.2%), bleeding (six, 4.3%), renal impairment (one, 0.7%) and more than one criteria (27, 19.4%). While the geometric mean of the parasite count was significantly higher in patients with severe P. vivax than with severe P. falciparum m...
Background: Worldwide leishmania/HIV coinfection is an emergent problem. Methods: Aiming to inves... more Background: Worldwide leishmania/HIV coinfection is an emergent problem. Methods: Aiming to investigate the seroprevalence of HIV among Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) patients all notified cases of VL that were reported in Gadarif Teaching Hospital during January 2015– through December 2015 were reviewed and analyzed. Results: During the study period there were 659 reported VL patients. Although 198 (30%) of these 659 VL patients agreed to do HIV test initially, only 80 (12.1%) had done the test and eight out of the 80 tested VL patients had HIV co-infection yielding an incidence rate of 10%. Of note, Leishmania-HIV co-infected patients were more frequently presented with weight loss (100% versus 26.3%, P=0.010) compared with non HIV-infected patients. Again higher number of deaths was observed among the Leishmania-HIV co-infected patients (37.5% versus 0%, P=0.041). Conclusions: There is high Seroprevalance of HIV among VL patients in Gadarif, eastern Sudan; it is 3 times higher than ...
Khartoum Medical Journal, 2012
Background : Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy remain a major cause of maternal and perinatal m... more Background : Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy remain a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Methods : This was a retrospective case–control study conducted at Kassala Hospital in the Eastern Sudan. Medical files of women with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (Diastolic blood pressure of ≥ 90 mmHg after the 20th week of gestation in two consecutive readings 4 hours apart; with or without proteinuria) during the period of January 2008 through December 2010 were reviewed and compared to a similar number of controls that had no hypertension. Results : During the study period 153 patients had hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Out of these 153 cases 36.3% had pre-eclampsia, 26.1% pregnancy induced hypertension, 11.8% had eclampsia, 9.8% had pre-existing hypertension, 9.2% had severe pre-eclampsia and 6.5% superimposed pre-eclampsia. There was no significant association between hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, maternal age, parity, blood group and res...
Arboviruses (dengue, Zika, and chikungunya) have recently emerged as an important public health i... more Arboviruses (dengue, Zika, and chikungunya) have recently emerged as an important public health issue and can lead to adverse obstetrics outcomes. The current study was conducted to assess maternal and perinatal outcomes following chikungunya fever/infection and to compare adverse pregnancy outcomes with data from the community collected in a previous study. This study was performed during a chikungunya infection epidemic in Kassala, Sudan by recruiting all pregnant women with a confirmed chikungunya fever diagnosis by using antibodies/detection viral RNA using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Ninety-three pregnant women with confirmed chikungunya infection were enrolled. Their mean (standard deviation) age and parity were 31.6 (3.4) years and 3.5 (1.4), respectively. Of the 93 women, 58 (62.4%) delivered a live infant at term and 18 (19.4%), 13 (13.9%), and 4 (4.3%) women experienced miscarriage, preterm birth, and stillbirth, respectively. In the logistic regressio...
Background: Health care workers are at higher risk to be infected by the blood borne pathogens. A... more Background: Health care workers are at higher risk to be infected by the blood borne pathogens. Aim: To investigate the awareness and the universal precautions regarding hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency viruses. Method: A cross sectional survey of health care workers carried out during April and through June 2011 at Kassala hospital, eastern Sudan. Results: Among 143 participants 86% knew the different mode of transmission; however small proportion 5.6% claimed that HIV and/or HBV were not preventable infections, only 50.3% were knowledgeable regarding the symptoms of HIV/HBV and 53.7% knew the possibility of the association between HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. Less than half (46.9%) of the respondents mentioned that they always wear gloves when get in contact with the patient’s blood and likewise 49% of the workers recapped the needle after its use. In this study awareness and universal precautions regarding blood borne pathogens were significantly varied am...
Virology Journal
Background Dengue fever (DF) is an arthropod-borne disease caused by dengue virus (DENV). DENV is... more Background Dengue fever (DF) is an arthropod-borne disease caused by dengue virus (DENV). DENV is a member of the genus Flavivirus in the family Flaviviridae. Recently, DENV has been reported as an important emerging infectious viral pathogen in Sudan. Multiple outbreaks and sporadic cases of DF have been frequently reported in the eastern region of Sudan. The present study was conducted to confirm DENV outbreak in Kassala State, eastern Sudan, 2019, and to provide some information on the molecular characterization of the DENV isolate associated with the disease outbreak. Methods A hundred serum samples were collected during the outbreak from residents of Kassala State, Sudan, 2019. ELISA was used to detect DENV non structural protein NS1 (DENV-NS1) in acute phase sera sampled during the disease outbreak. RT-PCR assays were used to amplify a fragment of the capsid/pre-membrane region (CprM) of the viral polyprotein gene. The PCR products of the amplified CprM region of the viral pol...
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Background The public health impact of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is often underestimated. Usually... more Background The public health impact of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is often underestimated. Usually considered a mild condition of short duration, recent outbreaks have reported greater incidence of severe illness, fatality, and longer-term disability. In 2018/19, Eastern Sudan experienced the largest epidemic of CHIKV in Africa to date, affecting an estimated 487,600 people. Known locally as Kankasha, this study examines clinical characteristics, risk factors, and phylogenetics of the epidemic in Kassala City. Methodology/Principal findings A prospective cohort of 102 adults and 40 children presenting with chikungunya-like illness were enrolled at Kassala Teaching Hospital in October 2018. Clinical information, socio-demographic data, and sera samples were analysed to confirm diagnosis, characterise illness, and identify viral strain. CHIKV infection was confirmed by real-time reverse transcription-PCR in 84.5% (120/142) of participants. Nine (7.5%) CHIKV-positive participants had co...
BMC Public Health
Background Acute arboviral infections are distributed worldwide including Sudan, and dengue fever... more Background Acute arboviral infections are distributed worldwide including Sudan, and dengue fever (DENV) is not an exception. The virus activity has recently been frequently reported in Kassala State, eastern Sudan. However, an appropriate epidemiological study would be necessary to provide accurate and precise estimates of the magnitude of recent DENV transmission in this area of endemicity. Methods In the present investigation, a cross sectional study was conducted to advance beyond the current knowledge of the epidemiology of the disease in Kassala State. The prevalence of the disease was estimated and associated risk factors were determined. Sampled sera were collected and screened for recent dengue transmissionas as determined by DENV-IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The collection of data for risk assessment was supported by a well designed structured questionnaire. Results The prevalence of recent DENV infection was estimated to be (11.42%). Potential risk facto...
The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
Introduction: Haemozoin –containing leucocytes (HCL) can be used to predict severe malaria. Metho... more Introduction: Haemozoin –containing leucocytes (HCL) can be used to predict severe malaria. Methodology: A case –control study was conducted in Singa, Sudan, to investigate the haematological values and HCL in children with severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria. The cases were children with severe P. falciparum malaria (67). The two groups of controls were patients with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria (63) and healthy children (50). Results: The mean (±SD) age was 5.5 (±3.8) years. In comparison with children with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria, children with severe P. falciparum malaria had significantly lower haemoglobin and platelet counts, and significantly higher lymphocyte counts, red cell distribution width (RDW), and platelet distribution width (PDW). The rate of haemozoin –containing monocytes (percentage of children positive for this parameter in each group) was 91.0%, 84.6% and 50.0%, P<0.001 in children with severe P. falciparum, uncomplicated P. falciparum ma...
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Papers by Tajeldin Abdallah