Inequalities and inequities in health have long been central to the concerns of public health. Go... more Inequalities and inequities in health have long been central to the concerns of public health. Governments in several countries, including the United Kingdom, have recently shown renewed interest in tackling these issues. 1 Concerted attempts have also been made to push them up the global health policy agenda, 2-4 and at the same time international agencies and donors are giving priority to efforts to reduce poverty. In this article we provide an overview of the current debates around inequity, inequalities, poverty, and health, drawing together current international understandings of the problem.
To explore whether dentists' beliefs and attitudes to providing preventive and restorative de... more To explore whether dentists' beliefs and attitudes to providing preventive and restorative dental care for young children can form a barrier to the provision of care. The Barriers to Childhood Caries Treatment (BaCCT) Questionnaire, a standardised international measure was developed and applied. Through a research consortium, each site was asked to recruit 100 dentists. The sample participating was not intended to be nationally representative. Dentists were mainly randomly selected and contacted by mail with one or more mailings depending on site. 2,333 dentists in 14 countries and 17 sites participated. Factor analysis identified four factors as potential barriers. Two factors were found to be barriers in many sites. First, in most countries, dentists agreed that young children's coping skills limit their ability to accept dental care. Secondly, dentists with negative personal feelings, for example, that providing care can be stressful and troublesome and that they feel tim...
To undertake formative studies investigating how the experience of dental caries in young childre... more To undertake formative studies investigating how the experience of dental caries in young children living in diverse settings relates to familial and cultural perceptions and beliefs, oral health-related behaviour and oral microflora. The scientific consortium came from 27 sites in 17 countries, each site followed a common protocol. Each aimed to recruit 100 families with children aged 3 or 4 years, half from deprived backgrounds, and within deprived and non-deprived groups, half to be "caries-free" and half to have at least 3 decayed teeth. Parents completed a questionnaire, developed using psychological models, on their beliefs, attitudes and behaviours related to their child's oral health. 10% of children had plaque sampled. 2,822 children and families were recruited. In multivariate analyses, reported toothbrushing behaviours that doubled the odds of being caries-free were a combination of brushing before age 1, brushing twice a day and adult involvement in brushin...
Background of the congress: The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) hosted the 9... more Background of the congress: The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) hosted the 9 th World Congress on Preventive Dentistry (WCPD) in Phuket, Thailand in September, 2009. Previous WCPD’s have been held approximately once every four years and are held in different parts of the world to communicate the latest research findings that can have a positive impact on dental
OBJECTIVE; The aim of this international study was to develop a valid and reliable psychometric m... more OBJECTIVE; The aim of this international study was to develop a valid and reliable psychometric measure to examine the extent to which parents' attitudes about engaging in twice-daily tooth brushing and controlling sugar snacking predict these respective behaviours in their children. A supplementary objective was to assess whether ethnic group, culture, level of deprivation or children's caries experience impact upon the relationships between oral health related behaviours, attitudes to these respective behaviours and to dental caries. Nurseries, health centres and dental clinics in 17 countries. 2822 children aged 3 to 4 years and their parents. Dental examination of children and questionnaire to parents. Factor analysis identified 8 coherent attitudes towards toothbrushing, sugar snacking and childhood caries. Attitudes were significantly different in families from deprived and non-deprived backgrounds and in families of children with and without caries. Parents perception...
By submitting this dissertation electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained... more By submitting this dissertation electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the owner of the copyright thereof (unless to the extent explicitly otherwise stated) and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification.
Inequalities and inequities in health have long been central to the concerns of public health. Go... more Inequalities and inequities in health have long been central to the concerns of public health. Governments in several countries, including the United Kingdom, have recently shown renewed interest in tackling these issues. 1 Concerted attempts have also been made to push them up the global health policy agenda, 2-4 and at the same time international agencies and donors are giving priority to efforts to reduce poverty. In this article we provide an overview of the current debates around inequity, inequalities, poverty, and health, drawing together current international understandings of the problem.
To explore whether dentists' beliefs and attitudes to providing preventive and restorative de... more To explore whether dentists' beliefs and attitudes to providing preventive and restorative dental care for young children can form a barrier to the provision of care. The Barriers to Childhood Caries Treatment (BaCCT) Questionnaire, a standardised international measure was developed and applied. Through a research consortium, each site was asked to recruit 100 dentists. The sample participating was not intended to be nationally representative. Dentists were mainly randomly selected and contacted by mail with one or more mailings depending on site. 2,333 dentists in 14 countries and 17 sites participated. Factor analysis identified four factors as potential barriers. Two factors were found to be barriers in many sites. First, in most countries, dentists agreed that young children's coping skills limit their ability to accept dental care. Secondly, dentists with negative personal feelings, for example, that providing care can be stressful and troublesome and that they feel tim...
To undertake formative studies investigating how the experience of dental caries in young childre... more To undertake formative studies investigating how the experience of dental caries in young children living in diverse settings relates to familial and cultural perceptions and beliefs, oral health-related behaviour and oral microflora. The scientific consortium came from 27 sites in 17 countries, each site followed a common protocol. Each aimed to recruit 100 families with children aged 3 or 4 years, half from deprived backgrounds, and within deprived and non-deprived groups, half to be "caries-free" and half to have at least 3 decayed teeth. Parents completed a questionnaire, developed using psychological models, on their beliefs, attitudes and behaviours related to their child's oral health. 10% of children had plaque sampled. 2,822 children and families were recruited. In multivariate analyses, reported toothbrushing behaviours that doubled the odds of being caries-free were a combination of brushing before age 1, brushing twice a day and adult involvement in brushin...
Background of the congress: The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) hosted the 9... more Background of the congress: The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) hosted the 9 th World Congress on Preventive Dentistry (WCPD) in Phuket, Thailand in September, 2009. Previous WCPD’s have been held approximately once every four years and are held in different parts of the world to communicate the latest research findings that can have a positive impact on dental
OBJECTIVE; The aim of this international study was to develop a valid and reliable psychometric m... more OBJECTIVE; The aim of this international study was to develop a valid and reliable psychometric measure to examine the extent to which parents' attitudes about engaging in twice-daily tooth brushing and controlling sugar snacking predict these respective behaviours in their children. A supplementary objective was to assess whether ethnic group, culture, level of deprivation or children's caries experience impact upon the relationships between oral health related behaviours, attitudes to these respective behaviours and to dental caries. Nurseries, health centres and dental clinics in 17 countries. 2822 children aged 3 to 4 years and their parents. Dental examination of children and questionnaire to parents. Factor analysis identified 8 coherent attitudes towards toothbrushing, sugar snacking and childhood caries. Attitudes were significantly different in families from deprived and non-deprived backgrounds and in families of children with and without caries. Parents perception...
By submitting this dissertation electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained... more By submitting this dissertation electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the owner of the copyright thereof (unless to the extent explicitly otherwise stated) and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification.
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