For deciphering the secrets of forensic science, nanotechnology has quite extensively been utiliz... more For deciphering the secrets of forensic science, nanotechnology has quite extensively been utilized. Generally, for identifying the fingerprints, a lot of combination of different materials and film assemblies have already been utilized. Since the mode of interaction between the nanoparticles and fingerprint marks, is still not clearly understood, fabricating the nanoparticle assemblies for their identification is quite challenging. Complete identification of fingerprint marks which are generally because of a combination of some kind of proteins and fatty acids, is still a difficult task and is only partially being done with the help of different techniques. Nanotechnology has already shown immense potential in many fields like medicine, molecular biology, genetics, material science etc. and it has also marked promising potential even in forensic analysis studies. This review aims to discuss the details of the process of fingerprint formation, their role in forensic analysis along with the latest advances in the field of nanotechnology for their identification. This information may enhance our understanding about the progress in the forensic analysis of fingerprints, which may further be utilized in solving the puzzle of various criminal cases.
Background: With the advent of changes in lifestyle of people all around the world, cancer cases ... more Background: With the advent of changes in lifestyle of people all around the world, cancer cases have been showing an exponential rise. Researchers from varied fields have been trying to solve this tricky issue. Methods: We undertook a systematic search of bibliographic databases of peer-reviewed research literature to evaluate the holistic blend of modern and traditional approaches, especially the Ayurvedic perspective of treatment of cancer along with the effect of our diet and lifestyle on the management (both prevention and cure) of cancer. Results: On the basis of extensive literature survey, it was found that Ayurveda as one of the ancient medicinal systems had been very well documented for utilizing its best practices for the treatment of various diseases including cancer, by utilization of several herbal plants and dietary interventions as therapeutics. Active components present in various herbs, which interfere with certain molecular targets to inhibit carcinogenesis are also summarized. Further, beneficial effects of yoga and exercise on psychological distress, cancer-related fatigue and global side-effects as well as their mechanism of action are also discussed. In addition, we recapitulate an upcoming field of Ayurgenomics to understand the possible correlation of Prakriti with genetics as well as epigenetics. Conclusion: Both genetic as well as environmental factors have shown their linkage with cancer. Substantial advancements in the field of targeted therapies have opened new horizons for the cancer patients. To fight with this grave situation, a combination of ancient and modern medicinal systems seems to be the need of the hour.
ABSTRACT Biosensors having the recognition element as DNA/RNA oligon-ucleotides are known as geno... more ABSTRACT Biosensors having the recognition element as DNA/RNA oligon-ucleotides are known as genosensors, which have been widely utilized for many applications including clinical diagnostic tool for diseases like cancer and a range of infectious diseases. This review aims to discuss the vast repertoire of nanomaterial based genosensors, their designing and numerous applications, including their usage in food quality assessment, environmental monitoring, as aptasensors for the recognition of nucleosides, as biomarkers for the identification of DNA methylation in epigenetics and molecular beacon nano-sensors for probing the living cancer cells etc. Genosensors are of utmost significance for solving various puzzles related to cellular processes and their control mechanisms.
Biopolymers such as DNA, RNA and proteins are the key players in the cellular processes like cell... more Biopolymers such as DNA, RNA and proteins are the key players in the cellular processes like cell differentiation, cell growth, maintenance, repair, recombination, transcription, translation, etc. Immense efforts have been made for their isolation, purification, quantification and structural as well as functional characterization. Profound insights into the structural and functional characterization of these biopolymers could help us understand the intricate cellular machinery. A wide range of biochemical, biophysical, electrochemical and molecular biology techniques have really been beneficial in exploring the key and interdependent relationships between the structure and function of these biopolymers. Each instrumentation technique has its own advantage and disadvantage in terms of their applications, selectivity and sensitivity. There had been a lot of advancements in these techniques for achieving their desired goals, but still, lots of limitations need our attention and further...
CYP1A1 gene is involved in estrogen metabolism, and previously, we have reported association of v... more CYP1A1 gene is involved in estrogen metabolism, and previously, we have reported association of variant rs2606345 with altered anti-epileptic drugs (AED) response in North Indian women with epilepsy (WWE). The present study aims to replicate the pharmacogenetic association, perform functional characterization and study its distribution within ethnically diverse Indian population. The variant was genotyped in 351 patients to assess the pharmacogenetic association and 552 healthy individuals belonging to 24 different ethnic groups to examine the distribution in Indian population. We observed significant overrepresentation of 'A' allele and 'AA' genotype in poor responders in WWE at Bonferroni-corrected significance levels. The recessive allele was found to lower the promoter activity by ~70-80% which was further substantiated by thermally less stable hairpin formed by it (ΔTm=7 °C). Among all ethnic groups, west Indo-European (IE-W-LP2) subpopulation showed highest gen...
Background: With the advent of changes in lifestyle of people all around the world, cancer cases ... more Background: With the advent of changes in lifestyle of people all around the world, cancer cases have been showing an exponential rise. Researchers from varied fields have been trying to solve this tricky issue. Methods: We undertook a systematic search of bibliographic databases of peer-reviewed research literature to evaluate the holistic blend of modern and traditional approaches, especially the Ayurvedic perspective of treatment of cancer along with the effect of our diet and lifestyle on the management (both prevention and cure) of cancer. Results: On the basis of extensive literature survey, it was found that Ayurveda as one of the ancient medicinal systems had been very well documented for utilizing its best practices for the treatment of various diseases including cancer, by utilization of several herbal plants and dietary interventions as therapeutics. Active components present in various herbs, which interfere with certain molecular targets to inhibit carcinogenesis are al...
Journal of Down Syndrome & Chromosome Abnormalities, 2016
Gene pool of every organism has shown a wide occurrence of genetic variations. Variations have no... more Gene pool of every organism has shown a wide occurrence of genetic variations. Variations have not only been associated with diseases like cancer, turner syndrome, sickle cell anaemia, cystic fibrosis etc., but some of them have even been proved to be beneficial in certain cases like for increasing bone density, lowering down cholesterol level, and for developing malaria resistance. Genetic variations or switches have also been explored for their significant role in evolution of human species. Monogenic diseases are the inherited disorders caused by the mutations in a single gene. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, structural variants and genomic rearrangements are considered as some of the forms of genetic mutations. Genetic mutations are the fundamental cause of some monogenic disorders such as Schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria syndrome (HGPS), Proteus syndrome and Congenital generalized hypertrichosis (CGH). However, some variants have even offered protection against a disease like blocking of HIV infection due to mutations in co-receptors needed for entry of infection into the cells. This review aims to provide insights into the role of variants present in the genes associated with the monogenic disorders in order to determine the underlying mechanism of the disease, which might further pave a way for the scientists to discover the therapeutic approaches for dealing with the same.
With the completion of human genome project, a plethora of information had been available for exp... more With the completion of human genome project, a plethora of information had been available for exploring various unanswered questions related to cell and molecular biology. Bioinformatics has been instrumental in unravelling the genetic, phenotypic, structural and functional aspects of the whole genome by using this information. Genomics and proteomics have become one of the most relevant fields after the advancements in computational analysis, interpretation, and modelling software. It can not only quite categorically describe the position of nucleotides and amino acids throughout genomes and proteomes respectively, but it also helps in performing the phylogenetic analysis, search for associated transcription factors, multiple sequence alignments, and many other relevant explorations/hunts. The advances in the knowledge of genetics acquired from molecular biology and bioinformatics are applied and point towards potential therapeutic strategies such as genome editing. This review has an aim of discussing some of the bioinformatics databases and software, which has been utilized for exploring the position of a DNA sequence, any associated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) related to a disease, on or nearby situated transcription factor binding sites followed by multiple sequence alignment of this sequence with other organisms. This study provides the insights in to the functional elements of any DNA, RNA or Protein sequence prior to exploring the structural polymorphism, which may regulate the gene expression. Also, this review briefly discusses the tools used for programmable nuclease-based genome editing technology.
In the past few decades, with the upsurge of various deadly diseases, development of accurate dia... more In the past few decades, with the upsurge of various deadly diseases, development of accurate diagnostic methods is inevitable for maintaining good health. There is an urgent requirement of specific and sensitive biomarkers in order to improve diagnosis, guide molecular targeted therapy, and predict and examine therapeutic response across a wide spectrum of disease. We undertook a structured search of bibliographic databases for peer-reviewed research literature to evaluate the significance of peptides as valuable tools for diagnostic applications as well as the techniques used for discovery of peptide biomarkers. On the basis of extensive literature survey, peptide biomarkers are classified according to their diagnosis approach. In addition, we summarize a few techniques used in peptide biomarker discovery such as peptidomics and peptide microarray. Small size, stability, easy and inexpensive production, capability to migrate throughout the body, fast clearance from body and low immunogenicity, as well as the remarkable quality of peptides to mirror the change in protease expression or activation associated with a pathological process, have established them as a promising biomarker.
For deciphering the secrets of forensic science, nanotechnology has quite extensively been utiliz... more For deciphering the secrets of forensic science, nanotechnology has quite extensively been utilized. Generally, for identifying the fingerprints, a lot of combination of different materials and film assemblies have already been utilized. Since the mode of interaction between the nanoparticles and fingerprint marks, is still not clearly understood, fabricating the nanoparticle assemblies for their identification is quite challenging. Complete identification of fingerprint marks which are generally because of a combination of some kind of proteins and fatty acids, is still a difficult task and is only partially being done with the help of different techniques. Nanotechnology has already shown immense potential in many fields like medicine, molecular biology, genetics, material science etc. and it has also marked promising potential even in forensic analysis studies. This review aims to discuss the details of the process of fingerprint formation, their role in forensic analysis along with the latest advances in the field of nanotechnology for their identification. This information may enhance our understanding about the progress in the forensic analysis of fingerprints, which may further be utilized in solving the puzzle of various criminal cases.
Background: With the advent of changes in lifestyle of people all around the world, cancer cases ... more Background: With the advent of changes in lifestyle of people all around the world, cancer cases have been showing an exponential rise. Researchers from varied fields have been trying to solve this tricky issue. Methods: We undertook a systematic search of bibliographic databases of peer-reviewed research literature to evaluate the holistic blend of modern and traditional approaches, especially the Ayurvedic perspective of treatment of cancer along with the effect of our diet and lifestyle on the management (both prevention and cure) of cancer. Results: On the basis of extensive literature survey, it was found that Ayurveda as one of the ancient medicinal systems had been very well documented for utilizing its best practices for the treatment of various diseases including cancer, by utilization of several herbal plants and dietary interventions as therapeutics. Active components present in various herbs, which interfere with certain molecular targets to inhibit carcinogenesis are also summarized. Further, beneficial effects of yoga and exercise on psychological distress, cancer-related fatigue and global side-effects as well as their mechanism of action are also discussed. In addition, we recapitulate an upcoming field of Ayurgenomics to understand the possible correlation of Prakriti with genetics as well as epigenetics. Conclusion: Both genetic as well as environmental factors have shown their linkage with cancer. Substantial advancements in the field of targeted therapies have opened new horizons for the cancer patients. To fight with this grave situation, a combination of ancient and modern medicinal systems seems to be the need of the hour.
ABSTRACT Biosensors having the recognition element as DNA/RNA oligon-ucleotides are known as geno... more ABSTRACT Biosensors having the recognition element as DNA/RNA oligon-ucleotides are known as genosensors, which have been widely utilized for many applications including clinical diagnostic tool for diseases like cancer and a range of infectious diseases. This review aims to discuss the vast repertoire of nanomaterial based genosensors, their designing and numerous applications, including their usage in food quality assessment, environmental monitoring, as aptasensors for the recognition of nucleosides, as biomarkers for the identification of DNA methylation in epigenetics and molecular beacon nano-sensors for probing the living cancer cells etc. Genosensors are of utmost significance for solving various puzzles related to cellular processes and their control mechanisms.
Biopolymers such as DNA, RNA and proteins are the key players in the cellular processes like cell... more Biopolymers such as DNA, RNA and proteins are the key players in the cellular processes like cell differentiation, cell growth, maintenance, repair, recombination, transcription, translation, etc. Immense efforts have been made for their isolation, purification, quantification and structural as well as functional characterization. Profound insights into the structural and functional characterization of these biopolymers could help us understand the intricate cellular machinery. A wide range of biochemical, biophysical, electrochemical and molecular biology techniques have really been beneficial in exploring the key and interdependent relationships between the structure and function of these biopolymers. Each instrumentation technique has its own advantage and disadvantage in terms of their applications, selectivity and sensitivity. There had been a lot of advancements in these techniques for achieving their desired goals, but still, lots of limitations need our attention and further...
CYP1A1 gene is involved in estrogen metabolism, and previously, we have reported association of v... more CYP1A1 gene is involved in estrogen metabolism, and previously, we have reported association of variant rs2606345 with altered anti-epileptic drugs (AED) response in North Indian women with epilepsy (WWE). The present study aims to replicate the pharmacogenetic association, perform functional characterization and study its distribution within ethnically diverse Indian population. The variant was genotyped in 351 patients to assess the pharmacogenetic association and 552 healthy individuals belonging to 24 different ethnic groups to examine the distribution in Indian population. We observed significant overrepresentation of 'A' allele and 'AA' genotype in poor responders in WWE at Bonferroni-corrected significance levels. The recessive allele was found to lower the promoter activity by ~70-80% which was further substantiated by thermally less stable hairpin formed by it (ΔTm=7 °C). Among all ethnic groups, west Indo-European (IE-W-LP2) subpopulation showed highest gen...
Background: With the advent of changes in lifestyle of people all around the world, cancer cases ... more Background: With the advent of changes in lifestyle of people all around the world, cancer cases have been showing an exponential rise. Researchers from varied fields have been trying to solve this tricky issue. Methods: We undertook a systematic search of bibliographic databases of peer-reviewed research literature to evaluate the holistic blend of modern and traditional approaches, especially the Ayurvedic perspective of treatment of cancer along with the effect of our diet and lifestyle on the management (both prevention and cure) of cancer. Results: On the basis of extensive literature survey, it was found that Ayurveda as one of the ancient medicinal systems had been very well documented for utilizing its best practices for the treatment of various diseases including cancer, by utilization of several herbal plants and dietary interventions as therapeutics. Active components present in various herbs, which interfere with certain molecular targets to inhibit carcinogenesis are al...
Journal of Down Syndrome & Chromosome Abnormalities, 2016
Gene pool of every organism has shown a wide occurrence of genetic variations. Variations have no... more Gene pool of every organism has shown a wide occurrence of genetic variations. Variations have not only been associated with diseases like cancer, turner syndrome, sickle cell anaemia, cystic fibrosis etc., but some of them have even been proved to be beneficial in certain cases like for increasing bone density, lowering down cholesterol level, and for developing malaria resistance. Genetic variations or switches have also been explored for their significant role in evolution of human species. Monogenic diseases are the inherited disorders caused by the mutations in a single gene. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, structural variants and genomic rearrangements are considered as some of the forms of genetic mutations. Genetic mutations are the fundamental cause of some monogenic disorders such as Schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria syndrome (HGPS), Proteus syndrome and Congenital generalized hypertrichosis (CGH). However, some variants have even offered protection against a disease like blocking of HIV infection due to mutations in co-receptors needed for entry of infection into the cells. This review aims to provide insights into the role of variants present in the genes associated with the monogenic disorders in order to determine the underlying mechanism of the disease, which might further pave a way for the scientists to discover the therapeutic approaches for dealing with the same.
With the completion of human genome project, a plethora of information had been available for exp... more With the completion of human genome project, a plethora of information had been available for exploring various unanswered questions related to cell and molecular biology. Bioinformatics has been instrumental in unravelling the genetic, phenotypic, structural and functional aspects of the whole genome by using this information. Genomics and proteomics have become one of the most relevant fields after the advancements in computational analysis, interpretation, and modelling software. It can not only quite categorically describe the position of nucleotides and amino acids throughout genomes and proteomes respectively, but it also helps in performing the phylogenetic analysis, search for associated transcription factors, multiple sequence alignments, and many other relevant explorations/hunts. The advances in the knowledge of genetics acquired from molecular biology and bioinformatics are applied and point towards potential therapeutic strategies such as genome editing. This review has an aim of discussing some of the bioinformatics databases and software, which has been utilized for exploring the position of a DNA sequence, any associated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) related to a disease, on or nearby situated transcription factor binding sites followed by multiple sequence alignment of this sequence with other organisms. This study provides the insights in to the functional elements of any DNA, RNA or Protein sequence prior to exploring the structural polymorphism, which may regulate the gene expression. Also, this review briefly discusses the tools used for programmable nuclease-based genome editing technology.
In the past few decades, with the upsurge of various deadly diseases, development of accurate dia... more In the past few decades, with the upsurge of various deadly diseases, development of accurate diagnostic methods is inevitable for maintaining good health. There is an urgent requirement of specific and sensitive biomarkers in order to improve diagnosis, guide molecular targeted therapy, and predict and examine therapeutic response across a wide spectrum of disease. We undertook a structured search of bibliographic databases for peer-reviewed research literature to evaluate the significance of peptides as valuable tools for diagnostic applications as well as the techniques used for discovery of peptide biomarkers. On the basis of extensive literature survey, peptide biomarkers are classified according to their diagnosis approach. In addition, we summarize a few techniques used in peptide biomarker discovery such as peptidomics and peptide microarray. Small size, stability, easy and inexpensive production, capability to migrate throughout the body, fast clearance from body and low immunogenicity, as well as the remarkable quality of peptides to mirror the change in protease expression or activation associated with a pathological process, have established them as a promising biomarker.
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Papers by Swati Mahendru