Asphodelus tenuifolius (AST) a wheat weed, at present study, was taken as a biosorbent for the re... more Asphodelus tenuifolius (AST) a wheat weed, at present study, was taken as a biosorbent for the removal of heavy metals Cu (II), Ni (II) and Pb (II) ions from synthetic wastewater. The effect of variation of contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, concentration of metal ions and the temperature was studied. Optimal conditions for maximum adsorption were found, pH 5, initial metal ion concentration 10 mg/L, contact time 120 min, temperature 27 °C and 0.5 g adsorption dose. Equilibrium adsorption data were confirmed with Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. Langmuir isotherm was found a better model for biosorption of metal ions. The value of ∆H° for metal ions was found in favour of chemisorptions and endothermic The outcomes indicate that AST is effective biosorbent and maximum removal of Cu (II), Ni(II) and Pb (II) ions by AST was found 90% 91% 93% respectively. A good biosorption capacity of AST biomass Qmax (mg/g) 38.46, 12.82 and 11.49 for Cu (II), Ni (II) and Pb (II) ions ...
In the present study, removal efficiency (%) of Rubus ellipticus leaves (REL) as an adsorbent for... more In the present study, removal efficiency (%) of Rubus ellipticus leaves (REL) as an adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) ions was investigated. Different parameters i.e., pH, contact time, temperature, adsorbent dose and initial metal ion concentration were investigated to obtain the optimum adsorption efficiency. At pH 4, a maximum adsorption was 84.6, 80.2 and 74.5 % for Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) ions, respectively. The maximum adsorption of all the three metal ions obtained at contact time (75 min), initial metal ion concentration (10 mg/L), temperature (25 ºC) and adsorbent dose (5.0 g). The equilibrium adsorption of Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) ions at different temperature was described by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms. The equilibrium data fitted well the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Thermodynamic parameters like Gibb′s free energy (ΔGº), enthalpy (ΔHº) and entropy (ΔSº) were also calculated. The calculated parameters indicated that adsorption of P...
Studies on the equilibrium, thermodynamics, and kinetics of the biosorption of copper (II) and le... more Studies on the equilibrium, thermodynamics, and kinetics of the biosorption of copper (II) and lead (II) onto Indian willow (Salix tetrasperma) leaves
International Journal of Research in Applied, Natural and Social Sciences , 2017
The kinetics of oxidation of sugars by cerium (IV) has been studied in aqueous sulfuric acid medi... more The kinetics of oxidation of sugars by cerium (IV) has been studied in aqueous sulfuric acid medium. The reaction is first order with respect to the accident. The plot of jobs against sugar concentration is linear for all the substrates. The kinetic data have been analyzed to correlate the viscosity and rate of oxidation of sugars in sulfuric acid. The probable mechanism has been suggested with dependence of rate on the viscosity. The influence of viscosity on rate of reaction was observed. The linear relation was found between viscosity and reaction rate. The linearity coefficients were greater than 0.93 for all the sugars.
Zinc (Zn2+) ion is one of the most prevalent toxic metal contaminants in effluents, and it has se... more Zinc (Zn2+) ion is one of the most prevalent toxic metal contaminants in effluents, and it has severe impacts on ecosystems and human health. This article examines the biosorption of zinc ions and the removal efficiency of different biosorbents. Significant research has been conducted on chief sorbents/biosorbents originating in agricultural and domestic wastes, sea materials, sludge, industrial by-products, soil and ore materials, and innovative low-cost adsorbents. Furthermore, the Zn2+ adsorption capability was compared to different biosorbents. Using conventional protocols, contact duration, pH, biosorbent dosage, and initial metal concentration were tuned and considered for maximal Zn removal. Functional groups and morphology associated with the Zn biosorption mechanism were determined using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The review also investigated biosorption equilibria, isotherm models, kinetics, and thermodynamics. The measured adsorption capability of biosorbents for Zn2+ >100 mgg−1 is as follows: Oscillatoria anguistissima (641) > Manihot sculenta Cranz (cassava) (treated) (559.74) > Immobilised Candida utilis cells (181.7) > Sugarcane leaves (166.67) > Immobilised Candida tropicalis cells (149.13) > Neem leaves (147.08) > Neem bark (137.67) > Spirulina platensis (128) > Orange peels (119.05) > Spirulina platensis (118). The majority of the published investigations on Zn2+ adsorption have only been conducted in the lab; there is little evidence of scale-up, pilot trials, or commercialization. Experiments for the industrial production of biosorption water purification systems are restricted to promising biosorption techniques. Keywords BiosorbentsIsothermKineticsAdsorptionWastewater
Copper and lead ions in polluted water sources pose grave ecological and health concerns to all l... more Copper and lead ions in polluted water sources pose grave ecological and health concerns to all living things. The processed biomass of Myrica esculenta was utilised as a biosorbent to remove copper and lead ions from wastewater. Biosorption evaluation was impacted by operating variables such as pH (1.0 to 7.0), metal ion concentration (10 to 50 mg/L), biomass concentration (1 to 5 g), contact time (15 to 75 min), and temperature (25 to 65 ◦C). The copper and lead ion sorption study was carried out using a batch sorption system. At pH 4.0, the highest biosorption efficiencies of Myrica esculenta for CuII and PbII were found to be 94.9 % and 90.2 %, respectively. Studies on biosorption indicated that pseudo-second-order models more accurately described kinetic data. Regarding the biosorption isotherm, the Langmuir model was the best applicable model for experimental data. On Myrica esculenta the maximum observed adsorption capacity Qmax for PbII ions is 43.86 mg/g, while the maximum observed adsorption capacity Qmax for CuII ions is 39.37 mg/g. The FTIR findings of Myrica esculenta biomass indicated that there were hydroxyl (–OH), amine (–NH), carbonyl (–C–– O) and carboxylic (–COOH) functional groups on biomass. These functional groups interact with the metal ions in synthetic wastewater. Under examined conditions, the biosorption of CuII and PbII ions on Myrica esculenta biomass was found spontaneous (ΔG0 < 0), endothermic (ΔH0 > 0), and feasible (ΔS0 > 0) according to the computed thermodynamic parameters ΔG0, ΔH0 and ΔS0.
This study was conducted to explore the potential of Tectona grandis leaves as a biosorbent for r... more This study was conducted to explore the potential of Tectona grandis leaves as a biosorbent for removing the Zn (II) ions from wastewater solutions at the Department of Chemistry, S. S. Jeena Campus, Almora during April-September 2019-20. The batch experiments were employed by varying pH, contact time, biosorbent dose, metal ion concentration and temperature. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis showed that the hydroxyl (-OH), alkane (-CH 2), amine (-NH 2) etc. groups on the surface of Tectona grandis leaves biosorbent (TGLB) were responsible for the binding of Zn (II) ions. The Langmuir isotherm plot was demonstrated as the most relevant for biosorption data. The process was discovered as exothermic and spontaneous involving both physical and chemical bondings.
This study points out the method regarding the removal of Pb (II) ions from water by treatment wi... more This study points out the method regarding the removal of Pb (II) ions from water by treatment with Lantana camara leaves’ biosorbent (LCLB). The sorption process was investigated by varying different parameters pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, initial metal ion concentration, and temperature. For a 5.00 g sorbent dose and a 45 min of the contact period, a Pb (II) ion solution with an initial metal ion concentration of 10 mg/L resulted in 90.7% maximum elimination at an optimum pH 6 and temperature 298 ± 1.5 K with LCLB. The adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic. The maximum monolayer adsorption was 3.5 mg/g for Pb (II) sorption using LCLB. Adsorption of Pb (II) ions using LCLB (R² > 0.999) followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics. The spectroscopic characterization was done by fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis, while scanning electron microscope (SEM) images were captured for the morphological characterization. Desorption experiments revealed that hydrochloric acid has a strong potential as an eluent for Pb (II) ion desorption. The findings proposed that LCLB can be used as an effectual and cost-effective biosorbent for the expulsion of Pb (II) ions.
Heavy metals cause outrageous ecological risks when released into the environment from many point... more Heavy metals cause outrageous ecological risks when released into the environment from many point and non-point sources. Biosorbents prepared from the leaves of Eupatorium adenophorum (AEA) and Acer oblongum (AAO) were used as practical solutions to remove the toxic heavy metal cadmium (Cd 2+) from wastewater. Biosorption of Cd 2+ was investigated using AEA and AAO biomass under batch conditions. The effect of operating variables like temperature, contact time, the pH impact, and initial metal concentration and biosorbent portion on Cd 2+ removal has been studied. The optimal pH and the sorbent dosage were found to be 7.0 and 2.0 g L −1 , respectively, and removal efficiency attained was 93.3% with an equilibrium removal time of 90 min. The equilibrium uptake of Cd 2+ was evaluated by Freundlich, Langmuir, and Temkin isotherm models. The Langmuir isotherm model was proved fit confirming single layer of sorption. The biosorption of Cd 2+ onto activated AEA and AAO biomass achieved were 45.45 mg g −1 and 44.64 mg g −1 respectively. The adsorption affinity of AEA toward Cd 2+ was discovered a lot more prominent than AAO biomass. The kinetic data of Cd 2+ biosorption onto activated AEA and AAO, fitted with a pseudo-second-order well with higher values of R 2 (> 0.99). Thermodynamics disclosed that the adsorption process was spontaneous (∆G 0 < 0), endothermic (∆H 0 > 0), and feasible (ΔS 0 > 0). The adsorption of Cd 2+ onto AEA was more exothermic and spontaneous than the AAO biosorbent. Additionally, FT-IR and SEM analysis uncovered that Cd 2+ were adsorbed onto selected biomassdue to-NH- ,-COOH,-OH, and-NH 2 groups. Ionic, coordination bond formation, and electrostatic interaction with Cd 2+ demonstrated that they were promising biosorbent for wastewater treatment.
Molecular conductance λm, relative viscosity and density of oxalicacid at different concentration... more Molecular conductance λm, relative viscosity and density of oxalicacid at different concentration in dilute aqueous solution were measured at 293 K.The conductance data were used to calculate the value association constant.Viscosity and density data were used to calculate the A and B coefficient ofJone-Dole equation and apparent molar volume respectively. The viscosityresults were utilized for the applicability of Modified Jone-Dole equation andStaurdinger equations. Mono oxalate anion acts, as structure maker and thesolute-solvent interaction were present in the dilute aqueous oxalic acid.
The biosorption of Cu (II), Zn (II) and Pb (II) ions from aqueous solution onto dried biomass (Ur... more The biosorption of Cu (II), Zn (II) and Pb (II) ions from aqueous solution onto dried biomass (Urtica dioica leaves) is discussed in the present study. The effect of variation of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, concentration of metal ions and temperature on biosorption of metal ion is studied. Maximum adsorption was recorded for initial metal ion concentration of 10 mg/l, adsorbent dose of 2 gm, at pH 5 with 60 minutes of contact time for Lead and Zinc, 45 minutes of contact time for Copper ion. The equilibrium conditions were well described by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm equations. The Langmuir isotherm model have provided a better fit with the experimental data compared to that of Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. The values of thermodynamic parameters indicate that the adsorption reactions were spontaneous, feasible and exothermic.
In the present study, removal efficiency (%) of Rubus ellipticus leaves (REL) as an adsorbent for... more In the present study, removal efficiency (%) of Rubus ellipticus leaves (REL) as an adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) ions was investigated. Different parameters i.e., pH, contact time, temperature, adsorbent dose and initial metal ion concentration were investigated to obtain the optimum adsorption efficiency. At pH 4, a maximum adsorption was 84.6, 80.2 and 74.5 % for Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) ions, respectively. The maximum adsorption of all the three metal ions obtained at contact time (75 min), initial metal ion concentration (10 mg/L), temperature (25 ºC) and adsorbent dose (5.0 g). The equilibrium adsorption of Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) ions at different temperature was described by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms. The equilibrium data fitted well the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Thermodynamic parameters like Gibb′s free energy (ΔGº), enthalpy (ΔHº) and entropy (ΔSº) were also calculated. The calculated parameters indicated that adsorption of P...
Applied Science & Engineering Journal for Advanced Research, 2022
In the present study, dried activated biomass of Eupatorium adinoforum (AEA) and Acer oblongum (A... more In the present study, dried activated biomass of Eupatorium adinoforum (AEA) and Acer oblongum (AAO) used for removal of Pb (II) from synthetic wastewater. The batch operation was conducted with effect of variation of contact time, biosorbent dose, pH, concentration of metal ions and temperature on biosorption of metal ions on biosorbent. Maximum adsorption was recorded for initial metal ion concentration of 10 mg/l, biosorbent dose of 2.5 gm, at pH 5 with 105 minutes of contact time for activated AEA and AAO biomass. The adsorption equilibrium conditions were well described by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. The Langmuir isotherm model has provided a better fit with the experimental data in comparison to that of Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. Thermodynamic data suggest that the bisorption process was spontaneous, feasible and endothermic. The values of thermodynamic parameters suggest that the biosorption process was spontaneous, feasible and endothermic. The kinetics of the biosorption for the reaction mechanism and types of biosorption process onto activated AEA and AAO biosorbent were also discussed.
The biosorption of Cu (II), Zn (II) and Pb (II) ions from aqueous solution onto dried biomass (Ur... more The biosorption of Cu (II), Zn (II) and Pb (II) ions from aqueous solution onto dried biomass (Urtica dioica leaves) is discussed in the present study. The effect of variation of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, concentration of metal ions and temperature on biosorption of metal ion is studied. Maximum adsorption was recorded for initial metal ion concentration of 10 mg/l, adsorbent dose of 2 gm, at pH 5 with 60 minutes of contact time for Lead and Zinc, 45 minutes of contact time for Copper ion. The equilibrium conditions were well described by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm equations. The Langmuir isotherm model have provided a better fit with the experimental data compared to that of Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. The values of thermodynamic parameters indicate that the adsorption reactions were spontaneous, feasible and exothermic.
Asphodelus tenuifolius (AST) a wheat weed, at present study, was taken as a biosorbent for the re... more Asphodelus tenuifolius (AST) a wheat weed, at present study, was taken as a biosorbent for the removal of heavy metals Cu (II), Ni (II) and Pb (II) ions from synthetic wastewater. The effect of variation of contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, concentration of metal ions and the temperature was studied. Optimal conditions for maximum adsorption were found, pH 5, initial metal ion concentration 10 mg/L, contact time 120 min, temperature 27 °C and 0.5 g adsorption dose. Equilibrium adsorption data were confirmed with Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. Langmuir isotherm was found a better model for biosorption of metal ions. The value of ∆H° for metal ions was found in favour of chemisorptions and endothermic The outcomes indicate that AST is effective biosorbent and maximum removal of Cu (II), Ni(II) and Pb (II) ions by AST was found 90% 91% 93% respectively. A good biosorption capacity of AST biomass Qmax (mg/g) 38.46, 12.82 and 11.49 for Cu (II), Ni (II) and Pb (II) ions ...
This study was conducted to explore the potential of Tectona grandis leaves as a biosorbent for r... more This study was conducted to explore the potential of Tectona grandis leaves as a biosorbent for removing the Zn (II) ions from wastewater solutions at the Department of Chemistry, S. S. Jeena Campus, Almora during April-September 2019-20. The batch experiments were employed by varying pH, contact time, biosorbent dose, metal ion concentration and temperature. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis showed that the hydroxyl (-OH), alkane (-CH 2), amine (-NH 2) etc. groups on the surface of Tectona grandis leaves biosorbent (TGLB) were responsible for the binding of Zn (II) ions. The Langmuir isotherm plot was demonstrated as the most relevant for biosorption data. The process was discovered as exothermic and spontaneous involving both physical and chemical bondings.
Journal of Chemistry, Environmental Sciences and its Applications, 2021
The increasing number of effluents discharged from the source of water (urban, industrial, agricu... more The increasing number of effluents discharged from the source of water (urban, industrial, agricultural, etc.), is resulting in a higher concentration of heavy metals in the source. Heavy metals have a density of over 5g/cm3 to the metals. These are toxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic, and resistant in watery and non-aquatic environments and impact water and non-water bodies seriously by substituting the basic metals of the same function. The extraction from the wastewater can be done in numerous techniques for example using an ion replacement, membrane filtration, osmosis, etc. This study discusses the adverse effects of heavy metals on the human body, the benefits of biosorption over traditional approaches for removal of heavy metals, the different biosorbents used to extract heavy metals, and concerning issues regarding its commercial use, offering a wider viewpoint for the diversity of biosorbents and utilization of biosorption technique. It is evident from the profound literature survey that pH, biosorbent particle size, contact time, initial metal ion concentration, presence of chelating ligands, etc. are some factors that affect the rate and extent of biosorption
Heavy metal ion contamination is increasing by the day, degrading the quality and reliability of ... more Heavy metal ion contamination is increasing by the day, degrading the quality and reliability of water on both the surface and beneath. This research focuses on the reduction of Pb (II) ions from wastewater employing Tectona grandis leaves as a biosorbent (TGLB). Variations in pH (2-7), contact time (20-120min), biosorbent dose (1-5g), temperature (298-338K), and initial metal ion concentration (10-50mg/l) were used to investigate the adsorption procedure. A Pb (II) ion solution with a purity of 10 mg/L resulted in 93.93% of maximal removal with TGLB at optimum pH 6 and temperature 298±1.5K for a biosorbent dose of 5gm and a 45minute contact period. The adsorption was spontaneous and exothermic, with TGLB yielding a maximum monolayer adsorption of 7.35 mg/g. The adsorption of Pb (II) ions by TGLB followed pseudo-second-order kinetics (R 2 > 0.998). Hydrochloric acid has a strong potential as an eluent for desorption of Pb (II) ions, according to the desorption experiments. The findings suggested that TGLB might be employed as an efficient and cost-effective biosorbent for the removal of Pb (II) ions. The spectroscopic assessment was done using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis, whereas the morphological characterization was accomplished using Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images.
Asphodelus tenuifolius (AST) a wheat weed, at present study, was taken as a biosorbent for the re... more Asphodelus tenuifolius (AST) a wheat weed, at present study, was taken as a biosorbent for the removal of heavy metals Cu (II), Ni (II), and Pb (II) ions from synthetic wastewater. The batch experiments such as pH of the solution, temperature, biosorbent dosage, contact time, and initial metal ion concentration are used. The maximum adsorption for Cu (II), Ni (II), and Pb (II) ions is found at pH 5.0 and initial metal ion concentration at 10 mg/L. Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models are employed to describe biosorption equilibrium. Langmuir isotherm is a better model for biosorption of bivalent Pb, Ni, and Cu metal ions respectively. The outcomes indicate that AST is effective biosorbent and maximum removal of Pb ion by AST is 93% and for Nickel & Cupper ion are 91% & 90% respectively at optimum condition also has a good biosorption capacity with Qmax (mg/g) 38.46, 12.82, and 11.49 for Cu (II), Ni (II), and Pb (II) ions respectively .The study indicates that the metal uptake appeared to be concentration-dependent. Increasing the concentration of metal ions leads to a decrease of metal ions on the biosorbent. The metal binding capacity of Asphodelus tenuifolius for the removal of heavy metal ions from the synthetic wastewater is as the order of Cu (II) < Ni (II) < Pb (II).
Asphodelus tenuifolius (AST) a wheat weed, at present study, was taken as a biosorbent for the re... more Asphodelus tenuifolius (AST) a wheat weed, at present study, was taken as a biosorbent for the removal of heavy metals Cu (II), Ni (II) and Pb (II) ions from synthetic wastewater. The effect of variation of contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, concentration of metal ions and the temperature was studied. Optimal conditions for maximum adsorption were found, pH 5, initial metal ion concentration 10 mg/L, contact time 120 min, temperature 27 °C and 0.5 g adsorption dose. Equilibrium adsorption data were confirmed with Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. Langmuir isotherm was found a better model for biosorption of metal ions. The value of ∆H° for metal ions was found in favour of chemisorptions and endothermic The outcomes indicate that AST is effective biosorbent and maximum removal of Cu (II), Ni(II) and Pb (II) ions by AST was found 90% 91% 93% respectively. A good biosorption capacity of AST biomass Qmax (mg/g) 38.46, 12.82 and 11.49 for Cu (II), Ni (II) and Pb (II) ions ...
In the present study, removal efficiency (%) of Rubus ellipticus leaves (REL) as an adsorbent for... more In the present study, removal efficiency (%) of Rubus ellipticus leaves (REL) as an adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) ions was investigated. Different parameters i.e., pH, contact time, temperature, adsorbent dose and initial metal ion concentration were investigated to obtain the optimum adsorption efficiency. At pH 4, a maximum adsorption was 84.6, 80.2 and 74.5 % for Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) ions, respectively. The maximum adsorption of all the three metal ions obtained at contact time (75 min), initial metal ion concentration (10 mg/L), temperature (25 ºC) and adsorbent dose (5.0 g). The equilibrium adsorption of Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) ions at different temperature was described by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms. The equilibrium data fitted well the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Thermodynamic parameters like Gibb′s free energy (ΔGº), enthalpy (ΔHº) and entropy (ΔSº) were also calculated. The calculated parameters indicated that adsorption of P...
Studies on the equilibrium, thermodynamics, and kinetics of the biosorption of copper (II) and le... more Studies on the equilibrium, thermodynamics, and kinetics of the biosorption of copper (II) and lead (II) onto Indian willow (Salix tetrasperma) leaves
International Journal of Research in Applied, Natural and Social Sciences , 2017
The kinetics of oxidation of sugars by cerium (IV) has been studied in aqueous sulfuric acid medi... more The kinetics of oxidation of sugars by cerium (IV) has been studied in aqueous sulfuric acid medium. The reaction is first order with respect to the accident. The plot of jobs against sugar concentration is linear for all the substrates. The kinetic data have been analyzed to correlate the viscosity and rate of oxidation of sugars in sulfuric acid. The probable mechanism has been suggested with dependence of rate on the viscosity. The influence of viscosity on rate of reaction was observed. The linear relation was found between viscosity and reaction rate. The linearity coefficients were greater than 0.93 for all the sugars.
Zinc (Zn2+) ion is one of the most prevalent toxic metal contaminants in effluents, and it has se... more Zinc (Zn2+) ion is one of the most prevalent toxic metal contaminants in effluents, and it has severe impacts on ecosystems and human health. This article examines the biosorption of zinc ions and the removal efficiency of different biosorbents. Significant research has been conducted on chief sorbents/biosorbents originating in agricultural and domestic wastes, sea materials, sludge, industrial by-products, soil and ore materials, and innovative low-cost adsorbents. Furthermore, the Zn2+ adsorption capability was compared to different biosorbents. Using conventional protocols, contact duration, pH, biosorbent dosage, and initial metal concentration were tuned and considered for maximal Zn removal. Functional groups and morphology associated with the Zn biosorption mechanism were determined using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The review also investigated biosorption equilibria, isotherm models, kinetics, and thermodynamics. The measured adsorption capability of biosorbents for Zn2+ >100 mgg−1 is as follows: Oscillatoria anguistissima (641) > Manihot sculenta Cranz (cassava) (treated) (559.74) > Immobilised Candida utilis cells (181.7) > Sugarcane leaves (166.67) > Immobilised Candida tropicalis cells (149.13) > Neem leaves (147.08) > Neem bark (137.67) > Spirulina platensis (128) > Orange peels (119.05) > Spirulina platensis (118). The majority of the published investigations on Zn2+ adsorption have only been conducted in the lab; there is little evidence of scale-up, pilot trials, or commercialization. Experiments for the industrial production of biosorption water purification systems are restricted to promising biosorption techniques. Keywords BiosorbentsIsothermKineticsAdsorptionWastewater
Copper and lead ions in polluted water sources pose grave ecological and health concerns to all l... more Copper and lead ions in polluted water sources pose grave ecological and health concerns to all living things. The processed biomass of Myrica esculenta was utilised as a biosorbent to remove copper and lead ions from wastewater. Biosorption evaluation was impacted by operating variables such as pH (1.0 to 7.0), metal ion concentration (10 to 50 mg/L), biomass concentration (1 to 5 g), contact time (15 to 75 min), and temperature (25 to 65 ◦C). The copper and lead ion sorption study was carried out using a batch sorption system. At pH 4.0, the highest biosorption efficiencies of Myrica esculenta for CuII and PbII were found to be 94.9 % and 90.2 %, respectively. Studies on biosorption indicated that pseudo-second-order models more accurately described kinetic data. Regarding the biosorption isotherm, the Langmuir model was the best applicable model for experimental data. On Myrica esculenta the maximum observed adsorption capacity Qmax for PbII ions is 43.86 mg/g, while the maximum observed adsorption capacity Qmax for CuII ions is 39.37 mg/g. The FTIR findings of Myrica esculenta biomass indicated that there were hydroxyl (–OH), amine (–NH), carbonyl (–C–– O) and carboxylic (–COOH) functional groups on biomass. These functional groups interact with the metal ions in synthetic wastewater. Under examined conditions, the biosorption of CuII and PbII ions on Myrica esculenta biomass was found spontaneous (ΔG0 < 0), endothermic (ΔH0 > 0), and feasible (ΔS0 > 0) according to the computed thermodynamic parameters ΔG0, ΔH0 and ΔS0.
This study was conducted to explore the potential of Tectona grandis leaves as a biosorbent for r... more This study was conducted to explore the potential of Tectona grandis leaves as a biosorbent for removing the Zn (II) ions from wastewater solutions at the Department of Chemistry, S. S. Jeena Campus, Almora during April-September 2019-20. The batch experiments were employed by varying pH, contact time, biosorbent dose, metal ion concentration and temperature. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis showed that the hydroxyl (-OH), alkane (-CH 2), amine (-NH 2) etc. groups on the surface of Tectona grandis leaves biosorbent (TGLB) were responsible for the binding of Zn (II) ions. The Langmuir isotherm plot was demonstrated as the most relevant for biosorption data. The process was discovered as exothermic and spontaneous involving both physical and chemical bondings.
This study points out the method regarding the removal of Pb (II) ions from water by treatment wi... more This study points out the method regarding the removal of Pb (II) ions from water by treatment with Lantana camara leaves’ biosorbent (LCLB). The sorption process was investigated by varying different parameters pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, initial metal ion concentration, and temperature. For a 5.00 g sorbent dose and a 45 min of the contact period, a Pb (II) ion solution with an initial metal ion concentration of 10 mg/L resulted in 90.7% maximum elimination at an optimum pH 6 and temperature 298 ± 1.5 K with LCLB. The adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic. The maximum monolayer adsorption was 3.5 mg/g for Pb (II) sorption using LCLB. Adsorption of Pb (II) ions using LCLB (R² > 0.999) followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics. The spectroscopic characterization was done by fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis, while scanning electron microscope (SEM) images were captured for the morphological characterization. Desorption experiments revealed that hydrochloric acid has a strong potential as an eluent for Pb (II) ion desorption. The findings proposed that LCLB can be used as an effectual and cost-effective biosorbent for the expulsion of Pb (II) ions.
Heavy metals cause outrageous ecological risks when released into the environment from many point... more Heavy metals cause outrageous ecological risks when released into the environment from many point and non-point sources. Biosorbents prepared from the leaves of Eupatorium adenophorum (AEA) and Acer oblongum (AAO) were used as practical solutions to remove the toxic heavy metal cadmium (Cd 2+) from wastewater. Biosorption of Cd 2+ was investigated using AEA and AAO biomass under batch conditions. The effect of operating variables like temperature, contact time, the pH impact, and initial metal concentration and biosorbent portion on Cd 2+ removal has been studied. The optimal pH and the sorbent dosage were found to be 7.0 and 2.0 g L −1 , respectively, and removal efficiency attained was 93.3% with an equilibrium removal time of 90 min. The equilibrium uptake of Cd 2+ was evaluated by Freundlich, Langmuir, and Temkin isotherm models. The Langmuir isotherm model was proved fit confirming single layer of sorption. The biosorption of Cd 2+ onto activated AEA and AAO biomass achieved were 45.45 mg g −1 and 44.64 mg g −1 respectively. The adsorption affinity of AEA toward Cd 2+ was discovered a lot more prominent than AAO biomass. The kinetic data of Cd 2+ biosorption onto activated AEA and AAO, fitted with a pseudo-second-order well with higher values of R 2 (> 0.99). Thermodynamics disclosed that the adsorption process was spontaneous (∆G 0 < 0), endothermic (∆H 0 > 0), and feasible (ΔS 0 > 0). The adsorption of Cd 2+ onto AEA was more exothermic and spontaneous than the AAO biosorbent. Additionally, FT-IR and SEM analysis uncovered that Cd 2+ were adsorbed onto selected biomassdue to-NH- ,-COOH,-OH, and-NH 2 groups. Ionic, coordination bond formation, and electrostatic interaction with Cd 2+ demonstrated that they were promising biosorbent for wastewater treatment.
Molecular conductance λm, relative viscosity and density of oxalicacid at different concentration... more Molecular conductance λm, relative viscosity and density of oxalicacid at different concentration in dilute aqueous solution were measured at 293 K.The conductance data were used to calculate the value association constant.Viscosity and density data were used to calculate the A and B coefficient ofJone-Dole equation and apparent molar volume respectively. The viscosityresults were utilized for the applicability of Modified Jone-Dole equation andStaurdinger equations. Mono oxalate anion acts, as structure maker and thesolute-solvent interaction were present in the dilute aqueous oxalic acid.
The biosorption of Cu (II), Zn (II) and Pb (II) ions from aqueous solution onto dried biomass (Ur... more The biosorption of Cu (II), Zn (II) and Pb (II) ions from aqueous solution onto dried biomass (Urtica dioica leaves) is discussed in the present study. The effect of variation of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, concentration of metal ions and temperature on biosorption of metal ion is studied. Maximum adsorption was recorded for initial metal ion concentration of 10 mg/l, adsorbent dose of 2 gm, at pH 5 with 60 minutes of contact time for Lead and Zinc, 45 minutes of contact time for Copper ion. The equilibrium conditions were well described by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm equations. The Langmuir isotherm model have provided a better fit with the experimental data compared to that of Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. The values of thermodynamic parameters indicate that the adsorption reactions were spontaneous, feasible and exothermic.
In the present study, removal efficiency (%) of Rubus ellipticus leaves (REL) as an adsorbent for... more In the present study, removal efficiency (%) of Rubus ellipticus leaves (REL) as an adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) ions was investigated. Different parameters i.e., pH, contact time, temperature, adsorbent dose and initial metal ion concentration were investigated to obtain the optimum adsorption efficiency. At pH 4, a maximum adsorption was 84.6, 80.2 and 74.5 % for Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) ions, respectively. The maximum adsorption of all the three metal ions obtained at contact time (75 min), initial metal ion concentration (10 mg/L), temperature (25 ºC) and adsorbent dose (5.0 g). The equilibrium adsorption of Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) ions at different temperature was described by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms. The equilibrium data fitted well the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Thermodynamic parameters like Gibb′s free energy (ΔGº), enthalpy (ΔHº) and entropy (ΔSº) were also calculated. The calculated parameters indicated that adsorption of P...
Applied Science & Engineering Journal for Advanced Research, 2022
In the present study, dried activated biomass of Eupatorium adinoforum (AEA) and Acer oblongum (A... more In the present study, dried activated biomass of Eupatorium adinoforum (AEA) and Acer oblongum (AAO) used for removal of Pb (II) from synthetic wastewater. The batch operation was conducted with effect of variation of contact time, biosorbent dose, pH, concentration of metal ions and temperature on biosorption of metal ions on biosorbent. Maximum adsorption was recorded for initial metal ion concentration of 10 mg/l, biosorbent dose of 2.5 gm, at pH 5 with 105 minutes of contact time for activated AEA and AAO biomass. The adsorption equilibrium conditions were well described by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. The Langmuir isotherm model has provided a better fit with the experimental data in comparison to that of Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. Thermodynamic data suggest that the bisorption process was spontaneous, feasible and endothermic. The values of thermodynamic parameters suggest that the biosorption process was spontaneous, feasible and endothermic. The kinetics of the biosorption for the reaction mechanism and types of biosorption process onto activated AEA and AAO biosorbent were also discussed.
The biosorption of Cu (II), Zn (II) and Pb (II) ions from aqueous solution onto dried biomass (Ur... more The biosorption of Cu (II), Zn (II) and Pb (II) ions from aqueous solution onto dried biomass (Urtica dioica leaves) is discussed in the present study. The effect of variation of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, concentration of metal ions and temperature on biosorption of metal ion is studied. Maximum adsorption was recorded for initial metal ion concentration of 10 mg/l, adsorbent dose of 2 gm, at pH 5 with 60 minutes of contact time for Lead and Zinc, 45 minutes of contact time for Copper ion. The equilibrium conditions were well described by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm equations. The Langmuir isotherm model have provided a better fit with the experimental data compared to that of Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. The values of thermodynamic parameters indicate that the adsorption reactions were spontaneous, feasible and exothermic.
Asphodelus tenuifolius (AST) a wheat weed, at present study, was taken as a biosorbent for the re... more Asphodelus tenuifolius (AST) a wheat weed, at present study, was taken as a biosorbent for the removal of heavy metals Cu (II), Ni (II) and Pb (II) ions from synthetic wastewater. The effect of variation of contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, concentration of metal ions and the temperature was studied. Optimal conditions for maximum adsorption were found, pH 5, initial metal ion concentration 10 mg/L, contact time 120 min, temperature 27 °C and 0.5 g adsorption dose. Equilibrium adsorption data were confirmed with Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. Langmuir isotherm was found a better model for biosorption of metal ions. The value of ∆H° for metal ions was found in favour of chemisorptions and endothermic The outcomes indicate that AST is effective biosorbent and maximum removal of Cu (II), Ni(II) and Pb (II) ions by AST was found 90% 91% 93% respectively. A good biosorption capacity of AST biomass Qmax (mg/g) 38.46, 12.82 and 11.49 for Cu (II), Ni (II) and Pb (II) ions ...
This study was conducted to explore the potential of Tectona grandis leaves as a biosorbent for r... more This study was conducted to explore the potential of Tectona grandis leaves as a biosorbent for removing the Zn (II) ions from wastewater solutions at the Department of Chemistry, S. S. Jeena Campus, Almora during April-September 2019-20. The batch experiments were employed by varying pH, contact time, biosorbent dose, metal ion concentration and temperature. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis showed that the hydroxyl (-OH), alkane (-CH 2), amine (-NH 2) etc. groups on the surface of Tectona grandis leaves biosorbent (TGLB) were responsible for the binding of Zn (II) ions. The Langmuir isotherm plot was demonstrated as the most relevant for biosorption data. The process was discovered as exothermic and spontaneous involving both physical and chemical bondings.
Journal of Chemistry, Environmental Sciences and its Applications, 2021
The increasing number of effluents discharged from the source of water (urban, industrial, agricu... more The increasing number of effluents discharged from the source of water (urban, industrial, agricultural, etc.), is resulting in a higher concentration of heavy metals in the source. Heavy metals have a density of over 5g/cm3 to the metals. These are toxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic, and resistant in watery and non-aquatic environments and impact water and non-water bodies seriously by substituting the basic metals of the same function. The extraction from the wastewater can be done in numerous techniques for example using an ion replacement, membrane filtration, osmosis, etc. This study discusses the adverse effects of heavy metals on the human body, the benefits of biosorption over traditional approaches for removal of heavy metals, the different biosorbents used to extract heavy metals, and concerning issues regarding its commercial use, offering a wider viewpoint for the diversity of biosorbents and utilization of biosorption technique. It is evident from the profound literature survey that pH, biosorbent particle size, contact time, initial metal ion concentration, presence of chelating ligands, etc. are some factors that affect the rate and extent of biosorption
Heavy metal ion contamination is increasing by the day, degrading the quality and reliability of ... more Heavy metal ion contamination is increasing by the day, degrading the quality and reliability of water on both the surface and beneath. This research focuses on the reduction of Pb (II) ions from wastewater employing Tectona grandis leaves as a biosorbent (TGLB). Variations in pH (2-7), contact time (20-120min), biosorbent dose (1-5g), temperature (298-338K), and initial metal ion concentration (10-50mg/l) were used to investigate the adsorption procedure. A Pb (II) ion solution with a purity of 10 mg/L resulted in 93.93% of maximal removal with TGLB at optimum pH 6 and temperature 298±1.5K for a biosorbent dose of 5gm and a 45minute contact period. The adsorption was spontaneous and exothermic, with TGLB yielding a maximum monolayer adsorption of 7.35 mg/g. The adsorption of Pb (II) ions by TGLB followed pseudo-second-order kinetics (R 2 > 0.998). Hydrochloric acid has a strong potential as an eluent for desorption of Pb (II) ions, according to the desorption experiments. The findings suggested that TGLB might be employed as an efficient and cost-effective biosorbent for the removal of Pb (II) ions. The spectroscopic assessment was done using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis, whereas the morphological characterization was accomplished using Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images.
Asphodelus tenuifolius (AST) a wheat weed, at present study, was taken as a biosorbent for the re... more Asphodelus tenuifolius (AST) a wheat weed, at present study, was taken as a biosorbent for the removal of heavy metals Cu (II), Ni (II), and Pb (II) ions from synthetic wastewater. The batch experiments such as pH of the solution, temperature, biosorbent dosage, contact time, and initial metal ion concentration are used. The maximum adsorption for Cu (II), Ni (II), and Pb (II) ions is found at pH 5.0 and initial metal ion concentration at 10 mg/L. Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models are employed to describe biosorption equilibrium. Langmuir isotherm is a better model for biosorption of bivalent Pb, Ni, and Cu metal ions respectively. The outcomes indicate that AST is effective biosorbent and maximum removal of Pb ion by AST is 93% and for Nickel & Cupper ion are 91% & 90% respectively at optimum condition also has a good biosorption capacity with Qmax (mg/g) 38.46, 12.82, and 11.49 for Cu (II), Ni (II), and Pb (II) ions respectively .The study indicates that the metal uptake appeared to be concentration-dependent. Increasing the concentration of metal ions leads to a decrease of metal ions on the biosorbent. The metal binding capacity of Asphodelus tenuifolius for the removal of heavy metal ions from the synthetic wastewater is as the order of Cu (II) < Ni (II) < Pb (II).
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Papers by Sushil K Joshi
Keywords
BiosorbentsIsothermKineticsAdsorptionWastewater
(PDF) Harmful Impacts of Heavy Metals and Importance of Biosorption Technique for Their Removal from Wastewater: A Review. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357536090_Harmful_Impacts_of_Heavy_Metals_and_Importance_of_Biosorption_Technique_for_Their_Removal_from_Wastewater_A_Review [accessed Jan 03 2022].
Keywords
BiosorbentsIsothermKineticsAdsorptionWastewater
(PDF) Harmful Impacts of Heavy Metals and Importance of Biosorption Technique for Their Removal from Wastewater: A Review. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357536090_Harmful_Impacts_of_Heavy_Metals_and_Importance_of_Biosorption_Technique_for_Their_Removal_from_Wastewater_A_Review [accessed Jan 03 2022].