Effluent water of industrial dyes has been a persistently taxing issue. However, the influential ... more Effluent water of industrial dyes has been a persistently taxing issue. However, the influential coexistent removal of different charge dye ions remains as a challenge. Herein, a one-plot eco-friendly route was developed to prepare flake-like graphite-derived edge-carboxylate graphene via dry ball milling at time intervals of 4 and 8 h for the simultaneous removal of oppositely charged dye ions. The prepared edgecarboxylate graphene (ECG 4h and ECG 8h ) was confirmed using various analytical methods. Then, the BrunauereEmmetteTeller surface area and total pore volume exhibited ECG 8h , ECG 4h and graphite value of 387.69, 316.47, 7.84 m 2 g -1 , and 0.55, 0.46, 0.03 cm 3 g -1 . ECG 4h and ECG 8h particle size distribution were analysed by DLS techniques. Zeta potential with various pH effects of ECG 4h and ECG 8h surface charge was used to determine the key role of dye adsorbent and desorption conditions. These experiments were performed under various pH values (acidic: 4.0 ± 0.2, neutral: 7.0 ± 0.2, basic: 10.0 ± 0.2). Results show that the prepared adsorbent can clean dye-contaminated water by more than 99.7% ± 0.2% within 5 e20 min. The broad potential application indicates the performed filtration studies for the abovementioned dyes using ECG 8h of up to five cycles. As-prepared ECG 8h material exhibits numerous advantages, including time-consuming, cost-effective and energy-efficient robust removal of dyes.
Contamination and industrial development are among the reasons for water quality deterioration be... more Contamination and industrial development are among the reasons for water quality deterioration beyond treatability by conventional processes. Unfortunately, conventional water and wastewater treatment technologies are not always capable of handling industrial wastewaters, and hence more advanced treatment technologies are required. The new trend of osmotically driven membrane technologies has demonstrated an exceptional efficiency for water purification and treatment including seawater desalination. Compared to pressuredriven membrane processes, forward osmosis (FO) technology, as a standalone process, is more energy-efficient, and less prone to membrane fouling than its predecessor reverse osmosis (RO) technology. However, forward osmosis suffers a severe concentration polarization that is acting on both sides of the membrane and results in a sharp decline in water flux. A thinner support layer has been recommended to lessen the concentration polarization impact in the FO process but a very thin support layer compromises the membrane mechanical strength. Recently, researchers have applied different carbon-based nanomaterials to enhance water flux, fouling propensity, and mechanical strength of the FO membrane. This work reviews advancement in the FO membrane fabrication using carbon nanomaterials to improve the membrane characteristics. Despite a large number of laboratory experiments, carbon-based nanomaterials in the FO membrane are still at the early-stage of laboratory investigation and no commercial products are available yet. The study also reviews the main challenges that limit the application of carbon-based nanomaterials for FO membranes.
A required progress in developing effective membranes for diffusion dialysis provides a platform ... more A required progress in developing effective membranes for diffusion dialysis provides a platform to explore novel hybrid membranes for acid recovery. This novel study investigated a feasibility of egg shell membrane powder in enhancing proton permeability of polysulfone membrane, thereby promoting a sustainable development in acid recovery. Hybrid membranes with different concentration loading of egg shell membrane to polysulfone were fabricated, characterized and analyzed in terms of water uptake, ion exchange capacity, chemical stability, thermal stability and mechanical stability and the viability towards effective acid recovery. Results revealed that, prepared EP membranes showed almost 5.55 folds greater proton permeability and very high separation factor than most commercially available DF-120 membrane. Enhancement in performance and acid recovery in the whole work is credited to presence of amino acids groups in egg shell membrane with enormous amount of hydrogen bond donar and acceptor sites which helps in hydrogen bond formation, and occurrence of π-π interactions with polysulfone forming channels to effectively permeate hydrogen ions. Also, these structural interactions remarkably increased the membrane stiffness compared to pristine PSf membrane and showed better mechanical stability. The strategy behind this work is promising for developing high performance, sustainable product for rapid acid recovery which could be examined in detail to apply for industrial spent acid recovery.
Effluent water of industrial dyes has been a persistently taxing issue. However, the influential ... more Effluent water of industrial dyes has been a persistently taxing issue. However, the influential coexistent removal of different charge dye ions remains as a challenge. Herein, a one-plot eco-friendly route was developed to prepare flake-like graphite-derived edge-carboxylate graphene via dry ball milling at time intervals of 4 and 8 h for the simultaneous removal of oppositely charged dye ions. The prepared edgecarboxylate graphene (ECG 4h and ECG 8h ) was confirmed using various analytical methods. Then, the BrunauereEmmetteTeller surface area and total pore volume exhibited ECG 8h , ECG 4h and graphite value of 387.69, 316.47, 7.84 m 2 g -1 , and 0.55, 0.46, 0.03 cm 3 g -1 . ECG 4h and ECG 8h particle size distribution were analysed by DLS techniques. Zeta potential with various pH effects of ECG 4h and ECG 8h surface charge was used to determine the key role of dye adsorbent and desorption conditions. These experiments were performed under various pH values (acidic: 4.0 ± 0.2, neutral: 7.0 ± 0.2, basic: 10.0 ± 0.2). Results show that the prepared adsorbent can clean dye-contaminated water by more than 99.7% ± 0.2% within 5 e20 min. The broad potential application indicates the performed filtration studies for the abovementioned dyes using ECG 8h of up to five cycles. As-prepared ECG 8h material exhibits numerous advantages, including time-consuming, cost-effective and energy-efficient robust removal of dyes.
Contamination and industrial development are among the reasons for water quality deterioration be... more Contamination and industrial development are among the reasons for water quality deterioration beyond treatability by conventional processes. Unfortunately, conventional water and wastewater treatment technologies are not always capable of handling industrial wastewaters, and hence more advanced treatment technologies are required. The new trend of osmotically driven membrane technologies has demonstrated an exceptional efficiency for water purification and treatment including seawater desalination. Compared to pressuredriven membrane processes, forward osmosis (FO) technology, as a standalone process, is more energy-efficient, and less prone to membrane fouling than its predecessor reverse osmosis (RO) technology. However, forward osmosis suffers a severe concentration polarization that is acting on both sides of the membrane and results in a sharp decline in water flux. A thinner support layer has been recommended to lessen the concentration polarization impact in the FO process but a very thin support layer compromises the membrane mechanical strength. Recently, researchers have applied different carbon-based nanomaterials to enhance water flux, fouling propensity, and mechanical strength of the FO membrane. This work reviews advancement in the FO membrane fabrication using carbon nanomaterials to improve the membrane characteristics. Despite a large number of laboratory experiments, carbon-based nanomaterials in the FO membrane are still at the early-stage of laboratory investigation and no commercial products are available yet. The study also reviews the main challenges that limit the application of carbon-based nanomaterials for FO membranes.
A required progress in developing effective membranes for diffusion dialysis provides a platform ... more A required progress in developing effective membranes for diffusion dialysis provides a platform to explore novel hybrid membranes for acid recovery. This novel study investigated a feasibility of egg shell membrane powder in enhancing proton permeability of polysulfone membrane, thereby promoting a sustainable development in acid recovery. Hybrid membranes with different concentration loading of egg shell membrane to polysulfone were fabricated, characterized and analyzed in terms of water uptake, ion exchange capacity, chemical stability, thermal stability and mechanical stability and the viability towards effective acid recovery. Results revealed that, prepared EP membranes showed almost 5.55 folds greater proton permeability and very high separation factor than most commercially available DF-120 membrane. Enhancement in performance and acid recovery in the whole work is credited to presence of amino acids groups in egg shell membrane with enormous amount of hydrogen bond donar and acceptor sites which helps in hydrogen bond formation, and occurrence of π-π interactions with polysulfone forming channels to effectively permeate hydrogen ions. Also, these structural interactions remarkably increased the membrane stiffness compared to pristine PSf membrane and showed better mechanical stability. The strategy behind this work is promising for developing high performance, sustainable product for rapid acid recovery which could be examined in detail to apply for industrial spent acid recovery.
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Papers by Sudesh Yadav