Papers by Sri Widyaningsih
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021
Pesticides are a group of chemicals that are intentionally applied to the environment with the ai... more Pesticides are a group of chemicals that are intentionally applied to the environment with the aim of suppressing pests and plant diseases and protecting agricultural products. Most pesticides do not specifically target pests and diseases only during application, but also affect the products produced and human health due to the residue and the effect on non-target pests including entomopathogen. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pesticides applied in controlling pests and diseases of citrus plants towards the growth of entomopathogenic fungi in vitro. This test used three active ingredients of pesticides namely Mankozeb (fungicide), Profenofos and Lambda cyhalothrin (insecticides). Dosage of pesticides in the treatments were 0.25 times, 1-time, 2-times of the recommended doses and control (without pesticides). Five types of entomopathogenic fungi used were Metarhizium anisopliae, Hirsutella sp., Beauveria bassiana, Paecilomyces sp. and TB.8 (not yet identified...
Jurnal Hortikultura, 2016
Penyakit daun kipas grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) merupakan penyakit yang sangat merugikan pada ... more Penyakit daun kipas grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) merupakan penyakit yang sangat merugikan pada tanaman anggur, karena menghambat pertumbuhan dan menekan produktivitas tanaman. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui cara deteksi dini, penyebab penyakit, dan perbedaan gejala penyakit GFLV pada tiga varietas anggur. Penelitian dilaksanakan di <em>Screen House</em> dan Laboratorium Terpadu Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika (Balitjestro) pada bulan Januari sampai dengan April 2011. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), terdiri atas enam perlakuan dan enam ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas tiga varietas tanaman anggur, yaitu Prabu Bestari, Kediri Kuning, dan Probolinggo Super. Masing-masing varietas diberi dua perlakuan yaitu diinokulasi dan tidak diinokulasi GFLV (sehat). Parameter pengamatan meliputi masa inkubasi, gejala serangan, kerusakan jaringan daun akibat infeksi GFLV, benda asing pada jaringan daun tanaman anggur akibat i...
Pseudomonas flourescens and Bacillus subtilis are common antagonistic bacteria to various pathoge... more Pseudomonas flourescens and Bacillus subtilis are common antagonistic bacteria to various pathogens. These bacteria can produce various antimicrobial substances such as chitinase, siderophore, and antibiotic. This research aims to obtain the optimum dilution concentrations of Pseudomonas flourescens and Bacillus subtilis that can effectively inhibit the growth of Penicillium digitatum, P. paradoxum, and Aspergillus sp. This research was carried out in a complete randomized design with five different dilution concentrations of Pseudomonas flourescens and Bacillus subtilis ranging from 10 to 10. The antimicrobial activity tests against fungal pathogens were carried out in triplicate using a dual culture method. P. flourescens and B. subtilis displayed strong antimicrobial activities against all target pathogens. The highest inhibition activity of P. flourescens and B. subtilis was recorded against Aspergillus sp. with 45.7 % and 35.92 % and cell density of 168 x 10 CFU/mL and 14 x 10 ...
El-Hayah
Phytophthora spp. is one of the fungal pathogens that kills plants on several kinds of the citrus... more Phytophthora spp. is one of the fungal pathogens that kills plants on several kinds of the citrus rootstock. In other countries, it is reported that disease pathogens were reduced in roots containing Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM interaction). However, in Indonesia, there is less information about the effect of VAM on the roots of citrus plants against root disease caused by Phytophthora sp. This study aimed to identify VAM in citrus roots and study the potential of VAM in controlling root rot of Phytophthora sp. on five types of the citrus rootstock. The research was carried out at the Phytopathology Laboratory, Indonesian Citrus, and Subtropical Fruits Research Institute (ICSFRI). Phytophthora spp. and VAM samples originated from several citrus centers endemic to Phytophthora were collected. VAM was isolated from the rhizosphere area of citrus plants, while Phytophthora sp. was isolated from infected plant roots. The fungus isolates were isolated, purified, then identified ...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
Damping off is one of the diseases caused by soil-borne pathogens resulting in the death of seedl... more Damping off is one of the diseases caused by soil-borne pathogens resulting in the death of seedling in a short time. Control of this disease is quite difficult. The study aimed to examine the potential of biofertilizers and the time of application to damping off disease intensity and plant growth on Japansche citroen seedling. This study used a Factorial Completely Randomized Design with two factors: 1). Biofertilizer namely AzzoFor (P1), liquid biofertilizer (P2), a secondary metabolite of Trichoderma asperellum (P3), the mixture of three biofertilizers (P4), and control (P5), 2). The time of application, namely the treatment of biofertilizers first then followed by the inoculation of F. oxysporum. (A1) and the treatment of F. oxysporu first followed by treatment of biofertilizer (A2). The results showed that the lowest disease intensity was found in A1P3 treatment (0%), while in control reached 41.3%. The treatment of A1P2, A2P1, A2P2 and A2P4 showed the same disease intensity. T...
Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis
One of the upstream sectors supporting citrus agribusiness in Indonesia is the sector of supply o... more One of the upstream sectors supporting citrus agribusiness in Indonesia is the sector of supply of disease-free citrus seeds with high quality. Efforts to increase the knowledge of citrus seed producers in the application of disease-free (blue-labeled) citrus seed production technology in accordance with the recommendations can be done by training. Thus, it is expected that the knowledge of certified citrus seed producers will increase and they can apply the disease-free citrus seed production technology according to the recommendations. The purpose of this study was to determine the change in knowledge capacity of citrus seed producers before and after training on the recommended technology of disease-free citrus seed production. The results showed that the average total score of knowledge of seed producers before and after training was significantly different. Hence, this training method was effective to increase the knowledge of seed producers regarding the technology of disease-free citrus seed production that is consistent with the recommendations.
Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection
Abstract Huanglongbing is known as a destructive disease in citrus production. Investigation on p... more Abstract Huanglongbing is known as a destructive disease in citrus production. Investigation on plant response and development of huanglongbing disease against heat treatment on ‘Siam Purworejo’ (Citrus nobilis (Lour)) and ‘Nambangan’ (C. maxima (Burm.) Merr.) was done. High-temperature treatment was applied by covering plants with an enclosed screen. The treatment plant has three types of CLas pathogen infection status. The result showed that heat treatments could significantly increase new flushes. It was found that intensity of HLB infected plant decreased. The treatments effect on the proline level was dependent on cultivar, leaves age and HLB-infection status. Chlorophyll content of HLB infected plants increased due to high temperature. High-temperature increased Fe content in the artificially infected plant, whereas Zn contents increased in the leaves of infected plants by vector. ‘Nambangan’ had higher Fe content than ‘Siam Purworejo’ on uncovered plants. CLas bacteria still persisted in infected plant based on real-time PCR analysis.
Journal of Agricultural Science
Huanglongbing (HLB) disease is the most serious threat to citrus production in Indonesia. Commonl... more Huanglongbing (HLB) disease is the most serious threat to citrus production in Indonesia. Commonly, the planted rootstocks/scion varieties expressed severely damaged to HLB. This research aimed to study effects of six citrus rootstock/scion combination of varieties on intensity of HLB disease, presence of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), and growth of the seedlings. The grafting combination of three rootstock varieties: Japansche citroen (Citrus limonia Osbeck), Volkamer lemon (C. volkameriana V. Ten & Pasq), ‘Salam’ (local name), and two scions varieties: ‘Siem Pontianak’ (C. nobilis Lour) and ‘Keprok Tejakula’. ‘Keprok Tejakula’ (C. reticulata Blanco) were used for examination the effect rootstock/scion combination to HLB. Based on symptoms, the onset of disease intensity was observed in eight months after CLas inoculation, except on ‘Salam’ rootstock. The status of CLas inoculation, rootstock/scions varieties and the duration of plant infection influenced to CLas titers....
Huanglongbing (HLB) disease is the most serious threat to citrus production in Indonesia. Commonl... more Huanglongbing (HLB) disease is the most serious threat to citrus production in Indonesia. Commonly, the planted rootstocks/scion varieties expressed severely damaged to HLB. This research aimed to study effects of six citrus rootstock/scion combination of varieties on intensity of HLB disease, presence of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), and growth of the seedlings. The grafting combination of three rootstock varieties: Japansche citroen (Citrus limonia Osbeck), Volkamer lemon (C. volkameriana V. Ten & Pasq), 'Salam' (local name), and two scions varieties: 'Siem Pontianak' (C. nobilis Lour) and 'Keprok Tejakula'. 'Keprok Tejakula' (C. reticulata Blanco) were used for examination the effect rootstock/scion combination to HLB. Based on symptoms, the onset of disease intensity was observed in eight months after CLas inoculation, except on 'Salam' rootstock. The status of CLas inoculation, rootstock/scions varieties and the duration of plant infection influenced to CLas titers. There were inconsistency between HLB symptoms and CLas titers. According to measurement of plant height, and diameter of rootstocks and scion stem, the plant growth of Volkamer lemon rootstock grafted with 'Siam Purworejo' scion or 'Keprok Tejakula' scion was better than grafted with Japansche citroen and 'Salam' rootstocks. Japansche citroen rootstock was more susceptible to HLB than Volkamer lemon and 'Salam' rootstocks. Combination of rootstock/scion varieties affected plant tolerance against HLB.
Jurnal Hortikultura, 2016
ABSTRAK. Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) merupakan salah satu penyakit yang merugikan secara ekonomi ... more ABSTRAK. Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) merupakan salah satu penyakit yang merugikan secara ekonomi pada jeruk. Penyakit ini telah menyebar merata di pertanaman jeruk seluruh Indonesia. Tiap varietas jeruk mempunyai ketahanan yang berbeda-beda terhadap penyakit ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tingkat ketahanan kandidat jeruk seedless hasil mutasi dengan radiasi sinar Gamma terhadap tiga strain penyakit CTV. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Terpadu dan Rumah Kasa Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika (Balitjestro) selama 1 tahun. Tahapan yang dilakukan adalah seleksi dan perbanyakan strain CTV, pengujian ketahanan sembilan kandidat mutan dan dua tanaman berasal dari induk, yaitu MT-49, MT-50, MT-52, MT-54, MT-89, MT-92 (mutasi dari tetua K SoE), MT-68 (mutasi dari tetua K Garut), KS 001(hasil silangan), KS 002 (tetua Tai Ayam), MT P2A6 (mutasi dari tetua pamelo Nambangan1), dan MT P1A4 (mutasi dari tetua Pamelo Nambangan 2). Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap masa inkubasi, intensitas penyakit berdasarkan gejala visual dan uji serologi Elisa. Tingkat ketahanan didasarkan pada gejala visual dan hasil pengujian dengan Elisa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan gejala vein clearing, vein cupping, vein crocking, dan stem pitting ditemukan pada areal pertanaman jeruk. Masa inkubasi CTV pada kandidat mutan dengan inokulasi masing-masing strain bervariasi antara 3-5 minggu. Intensitas penyakit yang timbul akibat inokulasi masing-masing strain bervariasi, demikian juga tingkat ketahanan tanaman. Aksesi varietas yang resisten terhadap strain CTV parah (severe strain) adalah MT P2A6 dan
Jurnal Hortikultura, 2016
ABSTRAK. Perbanyakan tanaman dengan teknik embriogenesis somatik diduga mampu mengeliminasi penya... more ABSTRAK. Perbanyakan tanaman dengan teknik embriogenesis somatik diduga mampu mengeliminasi penyakit sistemik pada tanaman jeruk. Namun tingkat keefektifan eliminasi penyakit sistemik tersebut sangat bergantung pada eksplan dan status penyakit pada pohon induk. Tujuan penelitian ialah mengetahui keefektifan perbanyakan dengan embriogenesis somatik dalam membersihkan penyakit sistemik pada jeruk (huanglongbing dan citrus tristeza virus). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Terpadu dan Screenhouse Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika (Balitjestro) Tlekung, Kota Batu. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Bulan Januari 2010 sampai dengan Desember 2011. Pengujian status penyakit sistemik dilakukan terhadap hasil perbanyakan melalui teknik embriogenesis somatik yang berasal dari tanaman induk terinfeksi dan bebas penyakit sistemik huanglongbing (HLB) dan citrus tristeza virus (CTV). Analisis penyakit HLB menggunakan metode pengujian PCR, sedangkan analisis penyakit CTV menggunakan metode DAS-ELISA. Pengujian dilakukan pada empat stadia pertumbuhan (kalus, embrio, planlet, dan semai) hasil perbanyakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik embriogenesis somatik efektif mengeliminasi penyakit HLB, namun kurang efektif untuk penyakit CTV. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh hasil pengujian yang menunjukkan bahwa semua varietas dan semua stadia yang diuji bebas dari HLB, namun untuk CTV hanya terjadi pada varietas keprok Kinnow, siam Kintamani, dan nipis. Pada varietas JC (Japanche citroen) fase embrio, 40% dari sampel yang diuji masih terinfeksi CTV. Oleh karena itu, pengambilan nuselus sebagai sumber eksplan pada perbanyakan tanaman jeruk dengan embriogenesis somatik perlu dilakukan pada tanaman yang bebas dari penyakit sistemik.
Uploads
Papers by Sri Widyaningsih