Papers by Shaharin Ibrahim
This work describes the application of the electrical resistivity (ER) method to delineating subs... more This work describes the application of the electrical resistivity (ER) method to delineating subsurface structures and cavities in Kuala Lumpur Limestone within the Batu Cave area of Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. In all, 17 ER profiles were measured by using a Wenner electrode configuration with 2 m spacing. The field survey was accompanied by laboratory work, which involves taking resistivity measurements of rock, soil, and water samples taken from the field to obtain the formation factor. The relationship between resistivity and the formation factor and porosity for all the samples was established. The porosity values were plotted and contoured. A 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional representation of the subsurface topography of the area was prepared through use of commercial computer software. The results show the presence of cavities and sinkholes in some parts of the study area. This work could help engineers and environmental managers by providing the information necessary to produce a sustainable management plan in order to prevent catastrophic collapses of structures and other related geohazard problems.
Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, 2011
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Problem statement: Evapotranspiration (ET) has crucial role in agricul tural activity, water mana... more Problem statement: Evapotranspiration (ET) has crucial role in agricul tural activity, water management and hydraulic engineering. Recently many forms of the equation have been applied for estimating daily and monthly evapotranspiration aro und the world. Approach: In this study, the daily and monthly ET was estimated by Penman, Penman-Monteith (P&M) and Hargreaves equation to evaluate general relationships for estimating month
Astaneh-Kouchesfahan Plain is one of the most important water resource systems in Sefīd-Rūd Basin... more Astaneh-Kouchesfahan Plain is one of the most important water resource systems in Sefīd-Rūd Basin, north of Iran. In the study, the groundwater potential to pollution was evaluated for Astaneh-Kouchesfahan Plain using GIS DRASTIC model. The assessment of intrinsic vulnerability to pollution using DRASTIC model shows that low, moderate, high and very high groundwater vulnerability risk zones cover around 12, 52, 28 and 8% of study area, respectively. Then, a solute transport model of the aquifer has been developed and calibrated using MT3D. The final results confirms that correlation between solute transport model and DRASTIC vulnerability model is good and developed model can be considered as effective tools for evaluating alternative options for the management of groundwater resources.
The Visual MODFLOW was used for modeling the particle trace of the underground water in an openca... more The Visual MODFLOW was used for modeling the particle trace of the underground water in an opencast mine.Its sub model MODPATH and contaminant transport model were also used to simulate pathlines and the position of particles.The results were very useful to identify ...
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This paper presents the results of research in removal of COD from landfill leachate by electroco... more This paper presents the results of research in removal of COD from landfill leachate by electrocoagulation (EC) process using aluminum as a sacrificial electrode which is currently used for the purification of many types of water and wastewater. The effecting parameters such as applied voltage, conductivity and initial pH were studied to achieve higher removal. The performance of EC process was carried out in batch reactor. In this process, samples of 25mL were taken out from the batch at 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 minutes of contact time. Results obtained show that the most effective removal efficiency could be achieved at 10V of applied voltage. In addition, the increase of wastewater conductivity, in the range of 28.00-31.00 mS/cm, reduced the EC performance on COD removal. Moreover, the experimental results also show that the COD removal was strongly influenced by the initial pH. EC was found to be very efficient when the range of initial pH is between 4 and 8. The highest COD removal efficiency of 74.08% occurred at a voltage of 10 V, conductivity of 28.00mS/cm, initial pH of 4 and contact time of 100 min. In this study, the EC process was proved effective and was capable in degrading COD from landfill leachate. 926 electrical energy to reach desired removal efficiency of COD. Therefore, 10V of applied voltage has been selected for the entire experiments.
Accepted xxxxx 13 chemical and physical-chemical features of water of water samples from 20 wells... more Accepted xxxxx 13 chemical and physical-chemical features of water of water samples from 20 wells were analyzed by multivariate statistical tools to provide the characterization of the groundwater distribution of the Soummam basin, Algeria. The 13 parameters determined include: temperature, pH, conductivity and cations and anions (Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cl, SO 4 , HCO 3 , NO 3 , Fe, Zn). Cluster analysis grouped 20 sampling wells into two clusters, i.e., relatively brackish water (group 1) and moderate saline water (group 2), based on the similarity of water quality characteristics. Factor analysis helped in identifying the factors or sources responsible for water quality variations. The varifactors obtained indicate that the parameters responsible for water quality variations are mainly related to water-rock interaction, agricultural activities and ion exchange.
... Ali El-Naqa. 1,*. , Nezar Hammouri. 2. , and Mustafa Kuisi. 3. 1. Faculty of Natural Resource... more ... Ali El-Naqa. 1,*. , Nezar Hammouri. 2. , and Mustafa Kuisi. 3. 1. Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Hashemite University,. POBox 150459 ... are used to relate an aquifer to its water sources and to the. constituents within that water (Nagar and Mirza, 2002). ...
Combined geophysical techniques such as multi-electrode resistivity, induced polarization, and bo... more Combined geophysical techniques such as multi-electrode resistivity, induced polarization, and borehole geophysical techniques were carried out on volcano-sedimentary rocks in the north of Gemas as part of the groundwater resource's investigations. The result identifies four resistivity units: the tuffaceous mudstone, tuffaceous sandstone, the tuff bed, and the shale layer. Two types of aquifer systems in terms of storage were identified within the area: one within a fracture system (tuff), which is the leaky area through which vertical flow of groundwater occurs, and an intergranular property of the sandy material of the aquifer which includes sandstone and tuffaceous sandstone. The result also reveals that the aquifer occupies a surface area of about 3,250,555 m 2 with a mean depth of 43.71 m and a net volume of 9.798×10 7 m 3 . From the approximate volume of the porous zone (28 %) and the total aquifer volume, a usable capacity of (274.339± 30.177)×10 7 m 3 of water in the study area can be deduced. This study provides useful information that can be used to develop a much broader understanding of the nature of groundwater potential in the area and their relationship with the local geology.
From Sources to Solution, 2013
2009 International Conference for Technical Postgraduates (TECHPOS), 2009
Abstract-Electrical resistivity imaging surveys have been conducted in order to locate, delineate... more Abstract-Electrical resistivity imaging surveys have been conducted in order to locate, delineate subsurface water resource and estimate its reserve. The resistivity imaging surveys carried out basically measures and maps the resistivity of subsurface materials. A 2-D geoelectrical ...
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2014
In this work, the DRASTIC and GALDIT models were employed to determine the groundwater vulnerabil... more In this work, the DRASTIC and GALDIT models were employed to determine the groundwater vulnerability to contamination from anthropogenic activities and seawater intrusion in Kapas Island. In addition, the work also utilized sensitivity analysis to evaluate the influence of each individual parameter used in developing the final models. Based on these effects and variation indices of the said parameters, new effective weights were determined and were used to create modified DRASTIC and GALDIT models. The final DRASTIC model classified the island into five vulnerability classes: no risk (110-140), low (140-160), moderate (160-180), high (180-200), and very high (>200), covering 4, 26, 59, 4, and 7 % of the island, respectively. Likewise, for seawater intrusion, the modified GALDIT model delineates the island into four vulnerability classes: very low (<90), low (90-110), moderate (110-130), and high (>130) covering 39, 33, 18, and 9 % of the island, respectively. Both models show that the areas that are likely to be affected by anthropogenic pollution and seawater intrusion are within the alluvial deposit at the western part of the island. Pearson correlation was used to verify the reliability of the two models in predicting their respective contaminants. The correlation matrix showed a good relationship between DRASTIC model and nitrate (r=0.58). In a similar development, the correlation also reveals a very strong negative relationship between GALDIT model and seawater contaminant indicator (resistivity Ωm) values (r=−0.86) suggesting that the model predicts more than 86 % of seawater intrusion. In order to facilitate management strategy, suitable areas for artificial recharge were identified through modeling. The result suggested some areas within the alluvial deposit at the western part of the island as suitable for artificial recharge. This work can serve as a guide for a full vulnerability assessment to anthropogenic pollution and seawater intrusion in small islands and will help policy maker and manager with understanding needed to ensure sustainability of the island's aquifer.
The Scientific World Journal, 2014
The existing knowledge regarding seawater intrusion and particularly upconing, in which both prob... more The existing knowledge regarding seawater intrusion and particularly upconing, in which both problems are linked to pumping, entirely relies on theoretical assumptions. Therefore, in this paper, an attempt is made to capture the effects of pumping on seawater intrusion and upconing using 2D resistivity measurement. For this work, two positions, one perpendicular and the other parallel to the sea, were chosen as profile line for resistivity measurement in the coastal area near the pumping wells of Kapas Island, Malaysia. Subsequently, water was pumped out of two pumping wells simultaneously for about five straight hours. Then, immediately after the pumping stopped, resistivity measurements were taken along the two stationed profile lines. This was followed by additional measurements after four and eight hours. The results showed an upconing with low resistivity of about 1-10 Ωm just beneath the pumping well along the first profile line that was taken just after the pumping stopped. The resistivity image also shows an intrusion of saline water (water enriched with diluted salt) from the sea coming towards the pumping well with resistivity values ranging between 10 and 25 Ωm. The subsequent measurements show the recovery of freshwater in the aquifer and how the saline water is gradually diluted or pushed out of the aquifer. Similarly the line parallel to the sea (L2) reveals almost the same result as the first line. However, in the second and third measurements, there were some significant variations which were contrary to the expectation that the freshwater may completely flush out the saline water from the aquifer. These two time series lines show that as the areas with the lowest resistivity (1 Ωm) shrink with time, the low resistivity (10 Ωm) tends to take over almost the entire area implying that the freshwater-saltwater equilibrium zone has already been altered. These results have clearly enhanced our current understanding and add more scientific weight to the theoretical assumptions on the effects of pumping on seawater intrusion and upconing.
TheScientificWorldJournal, 2013
This work describes the application of the electrical resistivity (ER) method to delineating subs... more This work describes the application of the electrical resistivity (ER) method to delineating subsurface structures and cavities in Kuala Lumpur Limestone within the Batu Cave area of Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. In all, 17 ER profiles were measured by using a Wenner electrode configuration with 2 m spacing. The field survey was accompanied by laboratory work, which involves taking resistivity measurements of rock, soil, and water samples taken from the field to obtain the formation factor. The relationship between resistivity and the formation factor and porosity for all the samples was established. The porosity values were plotted and contoured. A 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional representation of the subsurface topography of the area was prepared through use of commercial computer software. The results show the presence of cavities and sinkholes in some parts of the study area. This work could help engineers and environmental managers by providing the information necessary to pr...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2013
my (A.Z.A.); [email protected] (A.M.) † These authors contributed equally to this work.
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Papers by Shaharin Ibrahim