Papers by R. Senthil Kumaran
Design and Analysis of Recursive Square Fractal Antenna for WLAN Applications
2020 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Information Technology and Engineering (ic-ETITE), Feb 1, 2020
In this article, a Recursive square fractal antenna has been designed for WLAN applications. A fr... more In this article, a Recursive square fractal antenna has been designed for WLAN applications. A fractal is a self similar structure that enhances the effective length of the patch that transmit/receive electromagnetic radiations. The proposed antenna consists of three layers namely Patch (Perfect Electrical Conductor), Dielectric material (FR-4 with permittivity 4.4) and Ground plane (Perfect Electrical Conductor) and it is fed using a quarter wavelength transmission line for better input impedance. The overall geometry of the fractal antenna is 30mmx30mmx1.6mm and it is designed and simulated in HFSS platform. The output has been analyzed for different iteration made on the radiating patch, the difference in the radiating frequency, return loss, bandwidth, gain and directivity in four different iterations has been compared. The radiating frequency for all different iterations ranges from 4.95 GHz to 5.15 GHz which can be used for WLAN applications. The proposed Recursive square fractal antenna design using Iterated Function System (IFS) shows the improvements in the simulation parameters while increasing the number of iteration. Thus, the simulation results obtained show the S11 output in zeroth iteration is -21.31dB for 5.151GHz, whereas fourth iteration it is -59.66dB for 4.98 GHz.
Enhancement of network lifetime in wireless sensor networks using residual energy
International journal of image mining, 2016
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are partitioned into clusters to gather sensitive information mor... more Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are partitioned into clusters to gather sensitive information more efficiently and provide efficient way to extend the life time of the WSNs. Clustering protocol provides two methods of selecting cluster heads with more residual energy and rotating cluster heads periodically to distribute the energy consumption amongst nodes in each cluster and extend the network lifetime. Resource limitations were considered in the proposed work to determine an effective routing path from the source to the destination by choosing the highest residual energy, minimum hops (shortest path) and minimum traffic loads. Life time is the major challenge in WSNs. In this proposed work, life time can be increased by selecting appropriate cluster heads with the help of fuzzy inference system which helps to increase the network life time. Energy consumption is the major challenge in WSNs. When the node energy consumption is more, life time can be decreased. Simulation results reveal that the proposed approach enhanced low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy protocol enhances network life time when compared with low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy protocol.
Webapp Service for Booking Handyman Using Mongodb, Express JS, React JS, Node JS
In recent days, there is a rapid increase in the need for handyman services around the world. If ... more In recent days, there is a rapid increase in the need for handyman services around the world. If any issue is unfortunately encountered in the home, some issues may be hectic and people can’t be repaired on their own, people are busy with their schedule, hence they need workers to maintain and repair their homes. It is tough to find workers offline at the correct time and cost. Therefore, this online website makes it easier to book your own workers at the correct time and cost, it makes the workers available in just one click at your doorstep. Handyman workers have a separate login to showcase themselves by adding the works and skills they have. It also helps the professionals to gain opportunities and money based on their work. There are several categories and services, on the time of users’ login for the need for the services, the workers are listed based on location and cost with their name and contact. Creating a website using React JS makes it faster, boosts productivity, and is SEO friendly. MongoDB is a schema-less database and with ease of scale-out, hence it is easier to manage data. With this, a user can avoid delay and difficulty.
Power Management Strategies in Wireless Sensor Networks
Chapman and Hall/CRC eBooks, Jun 13, 2023
A Monopole Octagonal Sierpinski Carpet Antenna with Defective Ground Structure for SWB Applications
Springer eBooks, 2021
Network Lifetime Enhancement of Wireless Sensor Networks Using EFRP Protocol
Wireless Personal Communications, Jan 24, 2022
Mobile sink and fuzzy based relay node routing protocol for network lifetime enhancement in wireless sensor networks
Wireless Networks, Apr 4, 2022
A major aspect of adhoc networks is that the nodes can move randomly, which requires the routing ... more A major aspect of adhoc networks is that the nodes can move randomly, which requires the routing protocols in adhoc network to quickly respond to the network topology change in order to guarantee successful data packet delivery. Multiple routing paths are established to provide extra schemes of video streaming or multicast transmission and enhance the robust transmission against unreliability and limited bandwidth of wireless links. In this paper, AODV routing protocol can be modified with fuzzy logic named fuzzy modified AODV routing (FMAR) protocol for multicast routing in mobile adhoc networks . The fuzzy logic weighted multi-criteria of the protocol is used to dynamically evaluate the active route life time in order to determine the appropriate routes. Due to frequent node movements, the topologies of mobile adhoc networks change rapidly . The Fuzzy rule base depends upon the number of hop counts, sent controlled packets and the energies of the nodes on the routes. The enhanceme...
Mobile Information Systems
Wireless sensor network (WSN) is one of the major emerging fields in real-time scenarios due to t... more Wireless sensor network (WSN) is one of the major emerging fields in real-time scenarios due to the features of sensors. Sensors are used in remote areas because of their usability. Energy is the major issue to be addressed in sensor networks. This energy affects the entire network lifetime. To resolve the energy issues of WSN, clustering and proper routing are the two major procedures that have to be focused on. In this paper, hierarchical routing with optimal clustering using a fuzzy system (HROCF) is proposed for network lifetime enhancement in WSNs. This proposed scheme uses two phases: selection of a cluster leader with a fuzzy inference system and the hierarchical routing strategy are implemented for routing to consume the energy of the sensors resourcefully. During the first phase, a proper cluster leader can be nominated through the fuzzy inputs, namely: residual energy, cost, and position. In the second phase, hierarchical routing can communicate the information from the lo...
2021 Sixth International Conference on Wireless Communications, Signal Processing and Networking (WiSPNET), 2021
Advances in Modelling and Analysis D, 2019
In this paper, the performance of hierarchical routing and fault tolerant routing scheme are comb... more In this paper, the performance of hierarchical routing and fault tolerant routing scheme are combined and proposed a protocol named Hierarchical Energy Balanced Fault Tolerant Multipath Routing (HEBFTMR). Due to the hierarchical scheme adopted, cluster head energy level is saved. Cluster head in lower region can communicate to the higher region cluster head via the intermediate level cluster heads. Cluster head is changed frequently to equalize the load among the cluster members in the cluster. This cluster head is selected based on the following factors: residual energy, node weightage, distance between the neighbour nodes and the distance between the neighbour node and base station. Multipath routing is established to transmit data from the member node to the cluster head node for efficient data transmission. This is necessary due to the nature of sensors has frequent link broken. If the link is broken, neighbour node selection is important to route the data efficiently. The tolerant energy level of the sensor for route the data is determined. When the energy level decreases below the threshold value, other neighbour node is selected. Simulation results reveal that the proposed scheme proves that this combined scheme performs well when compared to the existing scheme in WSN environment.
Security and Privacy Provocation of Data in Cloud Computing
Privacy and Security Challenges in Cloud Computing, 2022
The Internet of things (IoT) has become a significant element of next generation. IoT is a propos... more The Internet of things (IoT) has become a significant element of next generation. IoT is a proposed development of the internet in which the objects have network connectivity able to transmit and receive data. The IoT applications such as smart homes, smart cities and health care. WSN is an important technology of IoT. Typically sensor nodes are considered resource constrained device with limited battery power and computation capabilities. Hence group communication is efficient than device to device communication. Security is responsible for transmitting information without hacking. Security is used to provide guarantee for integrity and authenticity of the message transaction. Secure group key establishment is used to provide effective message delivery between resource constrained sensor nodes. In this proposed method two protocols are designed for secure group communication. These two protocols are based on ECC operation and used to avoid Man In The Middle (MIIT) attack. Each prot...
A wireless sensor network is made up of a large number of sensor nodes deployed on a wide field a... more A wireless sensor network is made up of a large number of sensor nodes deployed on a wide field and it has limited battery lifetime which gets depleted at a faster rate, when heavy data traffic occurs. Most recent researches focused that, clustering the group of nodes is a better strategy for enhancing the lifetime of the sensors and also clustering organizes the network by balancing the traffic load of the sensor nodes. Inspired by the benefits of clustering approach, Event Based Routing Protocol (EBRP) was proposed. The proposed protocol involves three procedures. First procedure refers to a cluster head selection, which appoints cluster head based upon residual energy which is near to the sink node. The residual nodes in the network are to be designated as cluster head at the successive rounds. This process helps to balance the load evenly in the network. Second phase refers to an Event sensing procedure, which appoints a set of active nodes for close sensing an event and to prov...
Enhancement of Network Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks using Energy Efficient Mobile Sink based Routing Protocol
Sensors are used to gather information from the environment and sent it to the base station. The ... more Sensors are used to gather information from the environment and sent it to the base station. The most challenging task in wireless sensor network is to save the energy level of nodes. Clustering plays a vital role in transferring the data from the sensors to the base station. Sensor near the sink node will deplete their energy quickly when compared to other sensors in the environment which leads to energy hole problem. In order to avoid the energy hole problem, mobility of a sink has been accepted as a better way to overcome the issue. This paper proposes an Energy Efficient Mobile Sink Based Routing Protocol (EEMSBRP) in order to guide the mobile sink to find the appropriate path and move to the specific location and gather the sensitive information from the cluster head. The performance of the EEMSBRP is compared with the existing protocol namely Mobile Sink Based Adaptive Immune Energy Efficient Clustering Protocol (MSIEEP) using Network Simulator (NS2). The proposed protocol imp...
Software-Defined Network (SDN) Architecture and Security Considerations for 5G Communications
Design Methodologies and Tools for 5G Network Development and Application, 2021
The fifth generation (5G) communication technology is a standard for the broadband communication ... more The fifth generation (5G) communication technology is a standard for the broadband communication applicable for mobile communications. The entire network for any application is subdivided into many sub-geographical areas termed as cells. All these cells are connected through radio waves using internet or telecommunication network with the deployment of antennas in each cell. The antennas used for the 5G communications are controlled by special hardware implementation that increases the complexity of the network. To reduce the complexity of this hardware implementation, it is necessary to replace the hardware control by a pre-programmed software control.
Spotting Current Location of the Public Bus with its Destination and Live Details Through Mobile Application
2021 International Conference on System, Computation, Automation and Networking (ICSCAN), 2021
Most of the peoples use bus as their mode of transportation to migrate from one place to another.... more Most of the peoples use bus as their mode of transportation to migrate from one place to another. Sometimes timing of the bus is not known to the peoples. To resolve this, a method is proposed to find where the bus is currently coming, the route of the bus and also number of peoples present inside the bus, then the fare details of bus from one location to another location will updated in the corresponding web application. So, we can able to determine the current location of every bus using GPS, also the fare details for each and every boarding place to deboarding place in the route; this data will be stored in the cloud. The IR sensor is employed to count the number of passengers present inside the bus and the details gets updated in the web application where we can know the source and the destination of the bus with its current location along with fare details, passengers count and the approximate arrival time of the bus to its destination place.
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Papers by R. Senthil Kumaran