In construction sites, ready-mixed concrete (RMC) is one of the most important materials that sho... more In construction sites, ready-mixed concrete (RMC) is one of the most important materials that should be unloaded and placed on the site within the standard time (60 ~ 90 minutes) immediately after shipment from RMC plants due to the characteristics of the material. In addition, longer waiting time and pouring time during concrete pouring process affects the quality of RMC significantly. Therefore, the time-based delivery management for fluent supply and demands is the most important issue in RMC placement plan. For this reason, optimization research has been carried out on the RMC vehicle tracking and RMC delivery management algorithms. However, they were more of RMC companies centered truck dispatching and pouring management, and there were few studies on construction site centered RMC installation planning and management. Moreover, the information from RMC truck invoices and the time information of RCM truck, such as plant departure time, on-site arrival time, and turnover time, are limitedly considered in RMC placement planning and quality control. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to derive the necessary parameters for field-oriented RMC management process using information from the invoice and RMC management process used at the construction site. Especially, the necessity of the management of pouring time using the pouring location, pouring volume, and RMC material property retrieved from planning and ordering stage is suggested and proved through on-site verification. Through this, it is anticipated that it will be possible to secure the RMC quality by enabling RMC pouring planning centered on the construction site. Abstract: In recent years, there have been concerns raised about construction industrialization in China, which have initiated a wave of policy change in both governmental and industrial organizations in order to change the mode of conventional construction. However, the current development level of regional construction industrialization (RCI) in China has not been well-characterized. This study screened preliminary index systems in five dimensions: technical, economic, sustainable, enterprise development and development environment. Based on the data gathered from the questionnaire surveys and subsequently analyzed, twenty-two critical evaluation indicators were identified. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was then employed to determine the weighting of each indicator. The evaluation method of the development level was formulated on the basis of the evaluation criteria. Jiangsu Province was used as an example in this study, with the development level of this province being comprehensively examined using a combination of the index system and evaluation method. The results show that Jiangsu has a relatively high RCI development level. The data from analysis scores of five dimensions and twenty-two indicators show that the index system is feasible, with evaluation results being consistent with actual practice. These findings provide a good practical reference for making decisions about how best to guide the development of RCI.
CoreConferences 2017 provides a chance for Academic and Industry professionals to discuss the rec... more CoreConferences 2017 provides a chance for Academic and Industry professionals to discuss the recent progress in the area of Multiple. The outcome of the conference will trigger for the further related research and future technological improvement. This conference highlights the novel concepts and improvements related to the research and technology.
The CoreConferences 2017 held on 10th – 12th March, 2017, in collaboration with Association of
S... more The CoreConferences 2017 held on 10th – 12th March, 2017, in collaboration with Association of Scientists, Developers and Faculties (ASDF), an International body, at Crowne Plaza Changi Airport, Singapore, Asia.
Crossing a street at unsignalized location can be dangerous to pedestrians, especially the elderl... more Crossing a street at unsignalized location can be dangerous to pedestrians, especially the elderly. This paper evaluate the pedestrian-vehicle collision risk on specific roads to identify that the degree of Pedestrian safety requires pedestrian intervention such as road improvement. First, age was a significant variable in that older people tend to be at greater risk than the non-elder people. There was an insignificant difference between the PSM of approaching vehicles that were traveling at speeds less than 30 km/h and those traveling at speeds in the range of 30-50 km/h. Interestingly, conflicts when the speed of the vehicles exceeded 50 km/h, the risk of conflict risk was higher than it was for vehicles traveling at speeds below 30km/h. The ratio of conflict risk for crossing gradient topography road was about 21.7 times greater than that for the non-gradient topography area. Regarding safety facilities, the 30 km/h speed limit sign influenced the risk situation of conflict. The ratio of conflict risk for a road with the safety facility was about 0.395 times lower than that for an unmarked road.
The great earthquakes have occurred in various places of Japan after an interval of several years... more The great earthquakes have occurred in various places of Japan after an interval of several years. After the disaster occurred, it seems that some shelters have oversupplied relief commodities, others have lacked them. Since some survivors cannot stay at shelters for some private reasons, they must stay at their home even if the lifeline stops. This paper proposes a methodology to redistribute the oversupply at shelters and relief supply at local distribution center to the shelters and other locations such as elderly care homes lacked relief commodities around one week from the disaster occurrence as the planning horizon. From the computational results, regardless of the balance between total volume of relief oversupplied and total volume of relief lacked, our approach can find the locations with or without relief supply.
Disaster education is widely acknowledged and practiced in Japan, a disaster-prone country. Howev... more Disaster education is widely acknowledged and practiced in Japan, a disaster-prone country. However, many high schools do not offer disaster education in formal coursework, except for Maiko High School in Hyogo Prefecture and Tagajo High School in Miyagi Prefecture. This study examines a case from Tagajo High School, which began to offer the " Disaster Science Course " in 2016, five years after the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami. Although Tagajo High School made a lot of efforts to implement the course, this paper discusses the approach and challenges the school encountered, which are relevant to anyone involved in high school education, as well as general disaster education in Japan.
There is a general professional consensus that vulnerability and risk assessments are crucial tas... more There is a general professional consensus that vulnerability and risk assessments are crucial tasks in any serious attempt to substantially reduce disaster losses and enhance the reconciliation or recovery in the post event phase. However, cultural heritage is often considered as an overarching element that should be assessed, rather than a permanent key component of the assessments. Research in disaster management noticeably illustrates how cultural heritage is increasingly at risk from disasters caused by natural and human-made hazards, as well as the effects of climate change. Still, disaster risk reduction interventions tend to overlook the importance of incorporating cultural heritage, as an independent and highly valuable component in order to increase the risk reduction. Furthermore, there is a lack of methodological expansion in order to merge disaster assessment and cultural heritage. These limitations serve as motivation for the introduction of the ACTOR framework (Assessing Cultural Threats, Obstacles and Resilience) ACTOR aims at merging cultural heritage assessments with risk reduction and disaster recovery, and provide disaster management students with a learning framework that considers how different impacts of cultural heritage affect disaster risk reduction, and how disasters and risk influence cultural heritage. The ambition of ACTOR is to outline a conceptual framework for cultural heritage in relation to disaster risk reduction interventions, and to introduce a methodological contribution to the field of disaster management education and training that places cultural heritage at the center of disaster risk reduction.
This paper aims to quantify distortions due to " data updating problem " in trade statistics that... more This paper aims to quantify distortions due to " data updating problem " in trade statistics that might cause biases in econometric analyses and policy evaluation. Using the UN Comtrade database over the period of 2005-2015, three main results are clarified. Firstly, the paper finds differences between old and updated data regarding the number of transactions as well as trade values. Secondly, the degree of distortions significantly differs among countries, even within OECD countries. Finally, estimation results indicate that the coefficient on independent variables can be changed because of the data updating problem in econometric analyses. As a policy implication, it should be noted that a replication of econometric results of previous studies requires exactly the same data. Thus, it may be required that UN Comtrade and other statistic offices keep old data in their website.
Accident likelihood is growing due to a correlation for gas and electricity installed in the area... more Accident likelihood is growing due to a correlation for gas and electricity installed in the area of dense energy consumption like traditional market and underground shopping center. In order to prevent and respond accident risks related to gas and electricity in this area, it should be monitored and predicted for risk factors of gas or electricity by developing safety management system. In this study, the method of accident prediction development related to gas risk was proposed in the area of dense energy consumption. From statistical data of risk factors in the area of dense energy consumption, temperature as risk factor except gas leak in gas use has been extracted. General aspects of temperature changes and associated theories were investigated to analyze characteristics of temperature data. In addition, to check the changes in temperature due to convection around the burner, related experiments were carried out. Through such investigations and experiments, the change characteristics in temperature data related to fire prediction were derived and algorithm was developed to apply them to the development of energy safety management systems.
The importance of drainage-related risks associated with tunnelling projects requires special att... more The importance of drainage-related risks associated with tunnelling projects requires special attention from tunnel operators to analyse and manage the risks. The optimal management of drainage-related risks in tunnelling projects involves multiple objectives such as flood management, maximisation of design capacity of drainage contamination and optimisation of overall drainage system. This paper focuses on identifying the key drainage-related risks that have great potential of occurring in highway tunnelling projects. The outcomes of this research are developed based on findings obtained from extensive literature review and several case studies that have been carried out by other researchers. The identified drainage-related risks will be reviewed in this paper. All these risks can be included as key information when drafting a new risk management plan or to be added into the existing risk management plan in order to enhance the operation and maintenance of tunnelling projects.
In this study, crane-related safety accidents that occurred on construction sites were analyzed u... more In this study, crane-related safety accidents that occurred on construction sites were analyzed using the data collected by the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA), and the networks of crane-related safety accidents were analyzed using the centrality and clustering techniques of SNA analysis. Based on the results of this analysis, the following conclusions were reached. In this study, wide range of machinery and equipment types used on construction sites, only mobile and tower cranes were analyzed in this study with regard to which safety accidents frequently occurred. It is necessary to analyze the networks of safety disasters related to various machinery and equipment types, and thus to establish data for the development of management measures by occupation type through follow-up research.
This paper presents a MILP model which identifies the optimal cut-fill pairs and their sequence w... more This paper presents a MILP model which identifies the optimal cut-fill pairs and their sequence with minimum total earthwork cost. The proposed model is of value to earthwork managers because it identifies the most favorable EAP by accounting for the rock-earth type of each and every rock-earth, the series of rock-earths occupying each and every cut and fill pits, and the moving directions (i.e., the order of cut-fill rock-earth pairs), expeditiously. A test case confirms the usability and validity of the model.
Excavating processes performed frequently in building, civil and infrastructure projects are crit... more Excavating processes performed frequently in building, civil and infrastructure projects are critical and costly. To define a cost-effective excavator configuration, an earthwork planner depends mostly on experience and intuition. This paper presents a computational system called the Economic Excavator Configuration System, which selects the most favorable configuration of a heavy-duty excavator according to the earthwork package and its job conditions. This system instructs the earthwork manager in the best-fit excavator configuration for profitable operation by considering the implicit constraints and conditions exhaustively. The system identifies the best-fit PDFs of the process completion time and that of the total profit, given an excavator configuration. A test case, which was performed at a building basement excavating project, confirmed the usability and validity of the method.
Rainfall is the most important factor to induce landslide, of which rainfall pattern is the main ... more Rainfall is the most important factor to induce landslide, of which rainfall pattern is the main influence parameter. Generally, during the analysis of slope stability under different rainfall patterns, the influence of pore water pressure in saturated zone is mostly considered, while the influence of pore air pressure in unsaturated zone is seldom analyzed from the angle of water-air coupling. Based on the theory of water-air two-phase flow, this paper calculated and simulated the variation of pore air pressure changing with the rainfall time under three typical rainfall patterns (weakened, concentrated and enhanced), and combined the slope stability analysis model of considering pore air pressure to study the influence of pore air pressure on slope stability. The results show that the influence of pore air pressure on slope stability is detrimental under the three rainfall patterns. And the response duration of the pore air pressure is the longest under the weakened rainfall pattern, the concentrated pattern is the second, and the enhanced pattern is the shortest. The influence of pore air pressure on the safety factor of slope stability is the greatest under the weakened rainfall pattern, which can easily lead to the instability of the slope. Thus, we shall take the necessary engineering measures in advance in the event of such rainfall pattern prediction.
Resource levelling minimizes resource fluctuations by postpone the earliest start time (EST) of n... more Resource levelling minimizes resource fluctuations by postpone the earliest start time (EST) of non-critical activities with corresponding floats. Float consumption for resource leveling may reduces the project completion probability. This paper presents a method to minimize the resource fluctuations with minimum impact of float consumption. A case study is presented to verify the validity and usability of the method.
In this study, a technique is presented for developing constitutes models for polymer composite s... more In this study, a technique is presented for developing constitutes models for polymer composite systems with single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT). Because the polymer molecules are on the same size scale as the nanotubes, the interaction at the polymer/nanotube interface is highly dependent on the local molecular structure and bonding. It is proposed herein that the nanotube, the local polymer near the nanotube, and the nanotubes polymer interface can be modeled as an effective continuum fiber by using an equivalent-continuum modeling method. The effective fiber serves as a means for incorporating micromechanical analyses for the prediction of bulk mechanical properties of SWNT/polymer composites with various nanotube lengths, concentrations and orientations. This experiment results the importance of composites in aviation industry and also explains in details about carbon nanotubes composites that can be used in aircraft structures. Considerable growth has been seen in the use of biocomposites in the automotive and decking markets over the past decades. The dispersion of nanotubes in composites has been investigated as a means of deriving new and advanced engineering materials, these composite materials have been formed into fibers and thin films and their mechanical and electrical properties determined. The remarkable properties of carbon nanotubes offer the potential for fabricating conducting polymers without impairing the other desirable polymer properties. Aircraft wing is made up of SWNT-biocomposites, which is allowed to test in a wind tunnel. These results in the determination of drag force and pressure distribution. The strength of the wing can be increased by using this biocomposites materials in recent works at laboratories, SWNTs have been dispersed in polymer and pitch solutions using high energy ultrasonic probes.
Use of Fiber is one of the vital and emerging trends in Construction Technology. Fiber can be con... more Use of Fiber is one of the vital and emerging trends in Construction Technology. Fiber can be considered as an alternative in the use of an air entraining agent providing sufficient freeze thaw protection and moreover as a reinforcing material. Fiber reinforced materials are composite materials that typically consist of strong fibers embedded in resin matrix. It is a composite obtained by adding a single type or a blend of fibers to the conventional concrete mix. The fibers provide strength and stiffness to the composite and generally carry most of the applied loads. The matrix acts to bond and protect the fibers and to provide for transfer of stress from fiber to fiber through shear stresses. Fibers can be in form of steel fibers, glass fibers, natural fibers, synthetic fibers, etc. The mechanism by which fibres produce resistance to freezing and thawing is that fibres introduction reduces water absorption of the concrete increasing penetration resistance to de-icing salts. Reduced water absorption is a function of the fibres to reduce plastic shrinkage cracking, reducing the ability of water to permeate into the bleed in a concrete. So this research paper describes experimental studies on the use of coconut fibre as enhancement of concrete.
The reading level of Chinese urban inhabitants is backward compared with that of the developed co... more The reading level of Chinese urban inhabitants is backward compared with that of the developed countries, so it is an important aspect of the cultural and ethical progress to improve the reading habits of citizens. Plenty of researches have revealed the significant relationship between human behaviour in the public space and characteristics of the built environment. As the common spatial element in Chinese cities, walls, which mostly act as urban barriers, lead to the formation of numerous negative boundaries, hinder the openness, accessibility and continuity of urban public space, and set a strong limitation on people 's activities and cognitions in the urban space. The design project, 'Book Wall', is a small-scale intervention that answers directly to the problems mentioned above. Through the redesign of existing walls, they are no longer the pure urban barriers, but available, accessible and flexible reading places in daily life with their level of permeability adapting to the changing needs and conditions. The article starts with a brief introduction including the reading conditions of Chinese urban inhabitants, the influence of urban exterior space on people's reading behavior and the spatial characteristics of Chinese cities. After that, the aim of this article that is to promote paper reading and build up shared reading space in the city is illustrated and interpreted. Then the article analysed the distribution and operational mode of 'book wall', together with its innovative tectonic design and multiple ways of utilization. 'Book wall' won the first prize of Zijin Design Competition in 2016. Shortly after that, a 1:1 scale model has been built and tested in use which showed great feasibility and potential of improving public reading.
In construction sites, ready-mixed concrete (RMC) is one of the most important materials that sho... more In construction sites, ready-mixed concrete (RMC) is one of the most important materials that should be unloaded and placed on the site within the standard time (60 ~ 90 minutes) immediately after shipment from RMC plants due to the characteristics of the material. In addition, longer waiting time and pouring time during concrete pouring process affects the quality of RMC significantly. Therefore, the time-based delivery management for fluent supply and demands is the most important issue in RMC placement plan. For this reason, optimization research has been carried out on the RMC vehicle tracking and RMC delivery management algorithms. However, they were more of RMC companies centered truck dispatching and pouring management, and there were few studies on construction site centered RMC installation planning and management. Moreover, the information from RMC truck invoices and the time information of RCM truck, such as plant departure time, on-site arrival time, and turnover time, are limitedly considered in RMC placement planning and quality control. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to derive the necessary parameters for field-oriented RMC management process using information from the invoice and RMC management process used at the construction site. Especially, the necessity of the management of pouring time using the pouring location, pouring volume, and RMC material property retrieved from planning and ordering stage is suggested and proved through on-site verification. Through this, it is anticipated that it will be possible to secure the RMC quality by enabling RMC pouring planning centered on the construction site. Abstract: In recent years, there have been concerns raised about construction industrialization in China, which have initiated a wave of policy change in both governmental and industrial organizations in order to change the mode of conventional construction. However, the current development level of regional construction industrialization (RCI) in China has not been well-characterized. This study screened preliminary index systems in five dimensions: technical, economic, sustainable, enterprise development and development environment. Based on the data gathered from the questionnaire surveys and subsequently analyzed, twenty-two critical evaluation indicators were identified. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was then employed to determine the weighting of each indicator. The evaluation method of the development level was formulated on the basis of the evaluation criteria. Jiangsu Province was used as an example in this study, with the development level of this province being comprehensively examined using a combination of the index system and evaluation method. The results show that Jiangsu has a relatively high RCI development level. The data from analysis scores of five dimensions and twenty-two indicators show that the index system is feasible, with evaluation results being consistent with actual practice. These findings provide a good practical reference for making decisions about how best to guide the development of RCI.
CoreConferences 2017 provides a chance for Academic and Industry professionals to discuss the rec... more CoreConferences 2017 provides a chance for Academic and Industry professionals to discuss the recent progress in the area of Multiple. The outcome of the conference will trigger for the further related research and future technological improvement. This conference highlights the novel concepts and improvements related to the research and technology.
The CoreConferences 2017 held on 10th – 12th March, 2017, in collaboration with Association of
S... more The CoreConferences 2017 held on 10th – 12th March, 2017, in collaboration with Association of Scientists, Developers and Faculties (ASDF), an International body, at Crowne Plaza Changi Airport, Singapore, Asia.
Crossing a street at unsignalized location can be dangerous to pedestrians, especially the elderl... more Crossing a street at unsignalized location can be dangerous to pedestrians, especially the elderly. This paper evaluate the pedestrian-vehicle collision risk on specific roads to identify that the degree of Pedestrian safety requires pedestrian intervention such as road improvement. First, age was a significant variable in that older people tend to be at greater risk than the non-elder people. There was an insignificant difference between the PSM of approaching vehicles that were traveling at speeds less than 30 km/h and those traveling at speeds in the range of 30-50 km/h. Interestingly, conflicts when the speed of the vehicles exceeded 50 km/h, the risk of conflict risk was higher than it was for vehicles traveling at speeds below 30km/h. The ratio of conflict risk for crossing gradient topography road was about 21.7 times greater than that for the non-gradient topography area. Regarding safety facilities, the 30 km/h speed limit sign influenced the risk situation of conflict. The ratio of conflict risk for a road with the safety facility was about 0.395 times lower than that for an unmarked road.
The great earthquakes have occurred in various places of Japan after an interval of several years... more The great earthquakes have occurred in various places of Japan after an interval of several years. After the disaster occurred, it seems that some shelters have oversupplied relief commodities, others have lacked them. Since some survivors cannot stay at shelters for some private reasons, they must stay at their home even if the lifeline stops. This paper proposes a methodology to redistribute the oversupply at shelters and relief supply at local distribution center to the shelters and other locations such as elderly care homes lacked relief commodities around one week from the disaster occurrence as the planning horizon. From the computational results, regardless of the balance between total volume of relief oversupplied and total volume of relief lacked, our approach can find the locations with or without relief supply.
Disaster education is widely acknowledged and practiced in Japan, a disaster-prone country. Howev... more Disaster education is widely acknowledged and practiced in Japan, a disaster-prone country. However, many high schools do not offer disaster education in formal coursework, except for Maiko High School in Hyogo Prefecture and Tagajo High School in Miyagi Prefecture. This study examines a case from Tagajo High School, which began to offer the " Disaster Science Course " in 2016, five years after the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami. Although Tagajo High School made a lot of efforts to implement the course, this paper discusses the approach and challenges the school encountered, which are relevant to anyone involved in high school education, as well as general disaster education in Japan.
There is a general professional consensus that vulnerability and risk assessments are crucial tas... more There is a general professional consensus that vulnerability and risk assessments are crucial tasks in any serious attempt to substantially reduce disaster losses and enhance the reconciliation or recovery in the post event phase. However, cultural heritage is often considered as an overarching element that should be assessed, rather than a permanent key component of the assessments. Research in disaster management noticeably illustrates how cultural heritage is increasingly at risk from disasters caused by natural and human-made hazards, as well as the effects of climate change. Still, disaster risk reduction interventions tend to overlook the importance of incorporating cultural heritage, as an independent and highly valuable component in order to increase the risk reduction. Furthermore, there is a lack of methodological expansion in order to merge disaster assessment and cultural heritage. These limitations serve as motivation for the introduction of the ACTOR framework (Assessing Cultural Threats, Obstacles and Resilience) ACTOR aims at merging cultural heritage assessments with risk reduction and disaster recovery, and provide disaster management students with a learning framework that considers how different impacts of cultural heritage affect disaster risk reduction, and how disasters and risk influence cultural heritage. The ambition of ACTOR is to outline a conceptual framework for cultural heritage in relation to disaster risk reduction interventions, and to introduce a methodological contribution to the field of disaster management education and training that places cultural heritage at the center of disaster risk reduction.
This paper aims to quantify distortions due to " data updating problem " in trade statistics that... more This paper aims to quantify distortions due to " data updating problem " in trade statistics that might cause biases in econometric analyses and policy evaluation. Using the UN Comtrade database over the period of 2005-2015, three main results are clarified. Firstly, the paper finds differences between old and updated data regarding the number of transactions as well as trade values. Secondly, the degree of distortions significantly differs among countries, even within OECD countries. Finally, estimation results indicate that the coefficient on independent variables can be changed because of the data updating problem in econometric analyses. As a policy implication, it should be noted that a replication of econometric results of previous studies requires exactly the same data. Thus, it may be required that UN Comtrade and other statistic offices keep old data in their website.
Accident likelihood is growing due to a correlation for gas and electricity installed in the area... more Accident likelihood is growing due to a correlation for gas and electricity installed in the area of dense energy consumption like traditional market and underground shopping center. In order to prevent and respond accident risks related to gas and electricity in this area, it should be monitored and predicted for risk factors of gas or electricity by developing safety management system. In this study, the method of accident prediction development related to gas risk was proposed in the area of dense energy consumption. From statistical data of risk factors in the area of dense energy consumption, temperature as risk factor except gas leak in gas use has been extracted. General aspects of temperature changes and associated theories were investigated to analyze characteristics of temperature data. In addition, to check the changes in temperature due to convection around the burner, related experiments were carried out. Through such investigations and experiments, the change characteristics in temperature data related to fire prediction were derived and algorithm was developed to apply them to the development of energy safety management systems.
The importance of drainage-related risks associated with tunnelling projects requires special att... more The importance of drainage-related risks associated with tunnelling projects requires special attention from tunnel operators to analyse and manage the risks. The optimal management of drainage-related risks in tunnelling projects involves multiple objectives such as flood management, maximisation of design capacity of drainage contamination and optimisation of overall drainage system. This paper focuses on identifying the key drainage-related risks that have great potential of occurring in highway tunnelling projects. The outcomes of this research are developed based on findings obtained from extensive literature review and several case studies that have been carried out by other researchers. The identified drainage-related risks will be reviewed in this paper. All these risks can be included as key information when drafting a new risk management plan or to be added into the existing risk management plan in order to enhance the operation and maintenance of tunnelling projects.
In this study, crane-related safety accidents that occurred on construction sites were analyzed u... more In this study, crane-related safety accidents that occurred on construction sites were analyzed using the data collected by the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA), and the networks of crane-related safety accidents were analyzed using the centrality and clustering techniques of SNA analysis. Based on the results of this analysis, the following conclusions were reached. In this study, wide range of machinery and equipment types used on construction sites, only mobile and tower cranes were analyzed in this study with regard to which safety accidents frequently occurred. It is necessary to analyze the networks of safety disasters related to various machinery and equipment types, and thus to establish data for the development of management measures by occupation type through follow-up research.
This paper presents a MILP model which identifies the optimal cut-fill pairs and their sequence w... more This paper presents a MILP model which identifies the optimal cut-fill pairs and their sequence with minimum total earthwork cost. The proposed model is of value to earthwork managers because it identifies the most favorable EAP by accounting for the rock-earth type of each and every rock-earth, the series of rock-earths occupying each and every cut and fill pits, and the moving directions (i.e., the order of cut-fill rock-earth pairs), expeditiously. A test case confirms the usability and validity of the model.
Excavating processes performed frequently in building, civil and infrastructure projects are crit... more Excavating processes performed frequently in building, civil and infrastructure projects are critical and costly. To define a cost-effective excavator configuration, an earthwork planner depends mostly on experience and intuition. This paper presents a computational system called the Economic Excavator Configuration System, which selects the most favorable configuration of a heavy-duty excavator according to the earthwork package and its job conditions. This system instructs the earthwork manager in the best-fit excavator configuration for profitable operation by considering the implicit constraints and conditions exhaustively. The system identifies the best-fit PDFs of the process completion time and that of the total profit, given an excavator configuration. A test case, which was performed at a building basement excavating project, confirmed the usability and validity of the method.
Rainfall is the most important factor to induce landslide, of which rainfall pattern is the main ... more Rainfall is the most important factor to induce landslide, of which rainfall pattern is the main influence parameter. Generally, during the analysis of slope stability under different rainfall patterns, the influence of pore water pressure in saturated zone is mostly considered, while the influence of pore air pressure in unsaturated zone is seldom analyzed from the angle of water-air coupling. Based on the theory of water-air two-phase flow, this paper calculated and simulated the variation of pore air pressure changing with the rainfall time under three typical rainfall patterns (weakened, concentrated and enhanced), and combined the slope stability analysis model of considering pore air pressure to study the influence of pore air pressure on slope stability. The results show that the influence of pore air pressure on slope stability is detrimental under the three rainfall patterns. And the response duration of the pore air pressure is the longest under the weakened rainfall pattern, the concentrated pattern is the second, and the enhanced pattern is the shortest. The influence of pore air pressure on the safety factor of slope stability is the greatest under the weakened rainfall pattern, which can easily lead to the instability of the slope. Thus, we shall take the necessary engineering measures in advance in the event of such rainfall pattern prediction.
Resource levelling minimizes resource fluctuations by postpone the earliest start time (EST) of n... more Resource levelling minimizes resource fluctuations by postpone the earliest start time (EST) of non-critical activities with corresponding floats. Float consumption for resource leveling may reduces the project completion probability. This paper presents a method to minimize the resource fluctuations with minimum impact of float consumption. A case study is presented to verify the validity and usability of the method.
In this study, a technique is presented for developing constitutes models for polymer composite s... more In this study, a technique is presented for developing constitutes models for polymer composite systems with single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT). Because the polymer molecules are on the same size scale as the nanotubes, the interaction at the polymer/nanotube interface is highly dependent on the local molecular structure and bonding. It is proposed herein that the nanotube, the local polymer near the nanotube, and the nanotubes polymer interface can be modeled as an effective continuum fiber by using an equivalent-continuum modeling method. The effective fiber serves as a means for incorporating micromechanical analyses for the prediction of bulk mechanical properties of SWNT/polymer composites with various nanotube lengths, concentrations and orientations. This experiment results the importance of composites in aviation industry and also explains in details about carbon nanotubes composites that can be used in aircraft structures. Considerable growth has been seen in the use of biocomposites in the automotive and decking markets over the past decades. The dispersion of nanotubes in composites has been investigated as a means of deriving new and advanced engineering materials, these composite materials have been formed into fibers and thin films and their mechanical and electrical properties determined. The remarkable properties of carbon nanotubes offer the potential for fabricating conducting polymers without impairing the other desirable polymer properties. Aircraft wing is made up of SWNT-biocomposites, which is allowed to test in a wind tunnel. These results in the determination of drag force and pressure distribution. The strength of the wing can be increased by using this biocomposites materials in recent works at laboratories, SWNTs have been dispersed in polymer and pitch solutions using high energy ultrasonic probes.
Use of Fiber is one of the vital and emerging trends in Construction Technology. Fiber can be con... more Use of Fiber is one of the vital and emerging trends in Construction Technology. Fiber can be considered as an alternative in the use of an air entraining agent providing sufficient freeze thaw protection and moreover as a reinforcing material. Fiber reinforced materials are composite materials that typically consist of strong fibers embedded in resin matrix. It is a composite obtained by adding a single type or a blend of fibers to the conventional concrete mix. The fibers provide strength and stiffness to the composite and generally carry most of the applied loads. The matrix acts to bond and protect the fibers and to provide for transfer of stress from fiber to fiber through shear stresses. Fibers can be in form of steel fibers, glass fibers, natural fibers, synthetic fibers, etc. The mechanism by which fibres produce resistance to freezing and thawing is that fibres introduction reduces water absorption of the concrete increasing penetration resistance to de-icing salts. Reduced water absorption is a function of the fibres to reduce plastic shrinkage cracking, reducing the ability of water to permeate into the bleed in a concrete. So this research paper describes experimental studies on the use of coconut fibre as enhancement of concrete.
The reading level of Chinese urban inhabitants is backward compared with that of the developed co... more The reading level of Chinese urban inhabitants is backward compared with that of the developed countries, so it is an important aspect of the cultural and ethical progress to improve the reading habits of citizens. Plenty of researches have revealed the significant relationship between human behaviour in the public space and characteristics of the built environment. As the common spatial element in Chinese cities, walls, which mostly act as urban barriers, lead to the formation of numerous negative boundaries, hinder the openness, accessibility and continuity of urban public space, and set a strong limitation on people 's activities and cognitions in the urban space. The design project, 'Book Wall', is a small-scale intervention that answers directly to the problems mentioned above. Through the redesign of existing walls, they are no longer the pure urban barriers, but available, accessible and flexible reading places in daily life with their level of permeability adapting to the changing needs and conditions. The article starts with a brief introduction including the reading conditions of Chinese urban inhabitants, the influence of urban exterior space on people's reading behavior and the spatial characteristics of Chinese cities. After that, the aim of this article that is to promote paper reading and build up shared reading space in the city is illustrated and interpreted. Then the article analysed the distribution and operational mode of 'book wall', together with its innovative tectonic design and multiple ways of utilization. 'Book wall' won the first prize of Zijin Design Competition in 2016. Shortly after that, a 1:1 scale model has been built and tested in use which showed great feasibility and potential of improving public reading.
Uploads
Books by Senthil Kumar
Scientists, Developers and Faculties (ASDF), an International body, at Crowne Plaza Changi
Airport, Singapore, Asia.
Papers by Senthil Kumar
Scientists, Developers and Faculties (ASDF), an International body, at Crowne Plaza Changi
Airport, Singapore, Asia.