Suleymaniye complex located on the banks of the Barada River was built by Sultan Suleyman I of th... more Suleymaniye complex located on the banks of the Barada River was built by Sultan Suleyman I of the Ottoman Empire or Suleiman the Magnificent (1520-1566) between 1554 and 1560, locally known as the Takiyya. This complex represents a direct implantation of architectural style of the Ottoman capital, Istanbul, in the plan of its buildings with their exterior configurations and decorative
Egu General Assembly Conference Abstracts, Apr 29, 2010
Abstract Nysa, is one of the most important ancient cities of the region of Caria in Anatolia (As... more Abstract Nysa, is one of the most important ancient cities of the region of Caria in Anatolia (Asia Minor), was built on the slopes on the sides of the stream called Tekkecik, in a 3 km North of Sultanhisar, East of Aydin city of Turkey. The buildings, streets and public squares ...
Egu General Assembly Conference Abstracts, Apr 29, 2010
Abstract Nysa, is one of the most important ancient cities of the region of Caria in Anatolia (As... more Abstract Nysa, is one of the most important ancient cities of the region of Caria in Anatolia (Asia Minor), was built on the slopes on the sides of the stream called Tekkecik, in a 3 km North of Sultanhisar, East of Aydin city of Turkey. The buildings, streets and public squares ...
The main aim of the study is to indicate the a predictive deconvolution and F-K filtering process... more The main aim of the study is to indicate the a predictive deconvolution and F-K filtering processing to the ground penetrating radar (GPR) data to remove clutter effects and multiple reflections in a stratified media such as a thin layered coalmine in Afsin-Elbistan, Turkey. The second aim was to research a probable sinkhole form and map instable site. A predictive deconvolution and F-K filtering has been employed together to the traditional processed the GPR data to remove clutter and multiples in Afsin-Elbistan coalmine which has been formed by the inter-bedded coal and gyttja about a hundred meters. It was important to determine possible sinkhole forms near to surface in the study area. However, clutter effect and multiples were covering the actual data on the traditional processed GPR radargrams. The processed radargrams including the predictive deconvolution processing, F-K filtering and migration indicated that these noise was almost removed according to the traditional processed radargrams. Finally, the possible instable areas were mapped on the site.
The aim of this study is to image the probable buried cemetery remains with ground penetrating ra... more The aim of this study is to image the probable buried cemetery remains with ground penetrating radar (GPR) method at Agilonu-Taşdosem area in Sapinuva-Ortakoy Archaeological Area (Çorum-Turkey), the most important holy religion area and the ancient capital city of Hittite Kingdom of Anatolia, which is one of the most important historical sites of Turkey. Study area is about 115x15 m. Our second aim is to indicate that the image of the GPR data set is dependent of true data processing for removing data noise, 3D data set volume imaging including view angle. A RAMAC CU II GPR system with 250 MHz shielded antennas have been employed on the area on parallel profiles spaced 0.50 m apart to measure data. Trace spacing of the profiles was 5 cm. There were 186 parallel profiles approximately 13.5 m length. A predictive deconvolution and F-K filter and then migration have been applied to remove multiples and clutter effect after traditional data processing. The processed parallel profile data set has been formed through a solid 3D view. Obtained slices with the same axes on the map of the study site could not efficiently represent the subsurface. Therefore, arranging the view angles of the axes supplied half bird's eye view of the 3D subset of the GPR data. Then the transparent 3D subset of the data has been obtained using true arranged opaque functions to the amplitude-colour range. Interactive half bird's eye views of transparent 3D subsets have been provided satisfactory results including the buried remains until 2.5 m in depth representing probable the kingdom cemetery of the Hittites.
Transparent 3D Visualization of Archaeological Remains in Roman Site in Ankara-Turkey with Ground... more Transparent 3D Visualization of Archaeological Remains in Roman Site in Ankara-Turkey with Ground Penetrating Radar Method Selma KADIOGLU Ankara University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Geophysical Engineering, 06100 Tandogan/ANKARA-TURKEY [email protected] Anatolia has always been more the point of transit, a bridge between West and East. Anatolia has been a home for ideas moving from all directions. So it is that in the Roman and post-Roman periods the role of Anatolia in general and of Ancyra (the Roman name of Ankara) in particular was of the greatest importance. Now, the visible archaeological remains of Roman period in Ankara are Roman Bath, Gymnasium, the Temple of Augustus of Rome, Street, Theatre, City Defence-Wall. The Caesar Augustus, the first Roman Emperor, conquered Asia Minor in 25 BC. Then a marble temple was built in Ancyra, the administrative capital of province, today the capital of Turkish Republic, Ankara. This monument was consecrated to the E...
An important problem of marble-quarry management is assessing the quality and the homogeneity of ... more An important problem of marble-quarry management is assessing the quality and the homogeneity of quarry blocks before excavation. In this study, we decided to image the limestone, which we studied in a marble quarry, in terms of layer thickness, discontinuities and cavities using the ground-penetrating-radar (GPR) method. The method was successfully applied to detect and map the fractures with the cavities in a marble layer according to depth in the Ankara City Polatli Town (Turkey) region, which represents upper Miocene-Pliocene lacustrine carbonate rocks.
A B S T R A C T Computation of the wavefield due to reflection from an irregular surface is carri... more A B S T R A C T Computation of the wavefield due to reflection from an irregular surface is carried out for subsurfaces with large radii of curvature. The Kirchhoff approximation is proved to be sufficiently accurate provided that the acoustic wavelength is sufficiently small with respect to the asperities of the rough surface. For cases where the irregular surface does not fulfil this condition, a series solution is proposed. The first term of this series appears to be the result obtained by conventional Kirchhoff approximation. The series, initially developed in the space±wavenumber domain by Meecham, is transformed into the space±time domain, and the general expression for the series is obtained by calculation of the normal derivative of the field function. The series solution, restricted to the first two terms, is illustrated by application to three synthetic examples. Applications show that the series approximation obtained by the Kirchhoff method contributes significantly to the modelling of narrow, steep and deep structures and consequently it appears that the second term in the series cannot be ignored in the computation of the wavefields arising from a rough surface.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 10589759 2012 694885, 2012
The use of geophysical methods, particularly ground-penetrating radar (GPR), in the environmental... more The use of geophysical methods, particularly ground-penetrating radar (GPR), in the environmental sites has taken very important approximation in locating potential environmental hazards such as landslides and cavities. Generally, slices of a three-dimensional (3D) GPR data set can be used to monitor changes in the surface locations and depth of the environmental hazards through the iterative slices. The aim of this study is to introduce volume imaging of subsurface cavities with a transparent half bird's-eye view within a 3D data set. Transparency is obtained by a constructed opaque function of the amplitude -colour range. The half bird's-eye view is achieved by observing angles of the x-, y-and z-directions to the 3D block. A GPR study was conducted at a reservoir area (696 m £ 100 m) in Akkopru dam and hydroelectric power station in Mugla (Turkey) to determine the existence and abundance of karstic cavities. The study revealed the presence of 283 cavities of various size and depth. Borehole data encouraged the results with given depths.
Proceedings of the Xiii Internarional Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar, 2010
We introduced a simple time gain approximation with a functioned amplitude-color range to image a... more We introduced a simple time gain approximation with a functioned amplitude-color range to image all amplitudes or only selected amplitudes. First, we reduced ground wave amplitudes near to the maximum reflected / diffracted wave amplitudes of the data. Thus amplitude range of the two dimensional (2D) GPR profile section (radargram) was rescaled by maximum reflected/ diffracted wave amplitude values only
Ground penetrating radar (GPR) method is used as a tool to identify the zonation boundaries in ig... more Ground penetrating radar (GPR) method is used as a tool to identify the zonation boundaries in ignimbrite series through their columnar section. Ignimbrites can be classified in terms of welding degree, colour, texture and mineralogical compositions. The research area comprises a part of İncesu (Kayseri) ignimbrite at Central Anatolia, Turkey. This ignimbrite is divided into three levels and each level has clear differences in terms of macroscopic and microscopic views. This paper presents the results of an application of GPR for the determination of zonation boundary within the ignimbrite flow unit in the view of their textural and petrological features. RAMAC CU II equipment was used with 250 MHz shielded antenna on parallel ten profiles to observe the physical difference among the ignimbrite levels of the study area. Two levels out of three have been defined at the İncesu ignimbrite and supported by field geology and petrographical studies. The first level, which is extremely fractured structure, is about 1.5 m thick and matches with middle level of the İncesu ignimbrite. The second level has an average 50-75 cm thickness and matches with lower level of the ignimbrite. In this manner, vertical lithological variations should be taken into consideration during petrological investigation of the ignimbrites.
Suleymaniye complex located on the banks of the Barada River was built by Sultan Suleyman I of th... more Suleymaniye complex located on the banks of the Barada River was built by Sultan Suleyman I of the Ottoman Empire or Suleiman the Magnificent (1520-1566) between 1554 and 1560, locally known as the Takiyya. This complex represents a direct implantation of architectural style of the Ottoman capital, Istanbul, in the plan of its buildings with their exterior configurations and decorative
Egu General Assembly Conference Abstracts, Apr 29, 2010
Abstract Nysa, is one of the most important ancient cities of the region of Caria in Anatolia (As... more Abstract Nysa, is one of the most important ancient cities of the region of Caria in Anatolia (Asia Minor), was built on the slopes on the sides of the stream called Tekkecik, in a 3 km North of Sultanhisar, East of Aydin city of Turkey. The buildings, streets and public squares ...
Egu General Assembly Conference Abstracts, Apr 29, 2010
Abstract Nysa, is one of the most important ancient cities of the region of Caria in Anatolia (As... more Abstract Nysa, is one of the most important ancient cities of the region of Caria in Anatolia (Asia Minor), was built on the slopes on the sides of the stream called Tekkecik, in a 3 km North of Sultanhisar, East of Aydin city of Turkey. The buildings, streets and public squares ...
The main aim of the study is to indicate the a predictive deconvolution and F-K filtering process... more The main aim of the study is to indicate the a predictive deconvolution and F-K filtering processing to the ground penetrating radar (GPR) data to remove clutter effects and multiple reflections in a stratified media such as a thin layered coalmine in Afsin-Elbistan, Turkey. The second aim was to research a probable sinkhole form and map instable site. A predictive deconvolution and F-K filtering has been employed together to the traditional processed the GPR data to remove clutter and multiples in Afsin-Elbistan coalmine which has been formed by the inter-bedded coal and gyttja about a hundred meters. It was important to determine possible sinkhole forms near to surface in the study area. However, clutter effect and multiples were covering the actual data on the traditional processed GPR radargrams. The processed radargrams including the predictive deconvolution processing, F-K filtering and migration indicated that these noise was almost removed according to the traditional processed radargrams. Finally, the possible instable areas were mapped on the site.
The aim of this study is to image the probable buried cemetery remains with ground penetrating ra... more The aim of this study is to image the probable buried cemetery remains with ground penetrating radar (GPR) method at Agilonu-Taşdosem area in Sapinuva-Ortakoy Archaeological Area (Çorum-Turkey), the most important holy religion area and the ancient capital city of Hittite Kingdom of Anatolia, which is one of the most important historical sites of Turkey. Study area is about 115x15 m. Our second aim is to indicate that the image of the GPR data set is dependent of true data processing for removing data noise, 3D data set volume imaging including view angle. A RAMAC CU II GPR system with 250 MHz shielded antennas have been employed on the area on parallel profiles spaced 0.50 m apart to measure data. Trace spacing of the profiles was 5 cm. There were 186 parallel profiles approximately 13.5 m length. A predictive deconvolution and F-K filter and then migration have been applied to remove multiples and clutter effect after traditional data processing. The processed parallel profile data set has been formed through a solid 3D view. Obtained slices with the same axes on the map of the study site could not efficiently represent the subsurface. Therefore, arranging the view angles of the axes supplied half bird's eye view of the 3D subset of the GPR data. Then the transparent 3D subset of the data has been obtained using true arranged opaque functions to the amplitude-colour range. Interactive half bird's eye views of transparent 3D subsets have been provided satisfactory results including the buried remains until 2.5 m in depth representing probable the kingdom cemetery of the Hittites.
Transparent 3D Visualization of Archaeological Remains in Roman Site in Ankara-Turkey with Ground... more Transparent 3D Visualization of Archaeological Remains in Roman Site in Ankara-Turkey with Ground Penetrating Radar Method Selma KADIOGLU Ankara University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Geophysical Engineering, 06100 Tandogan/ANKARA-TURKEY [email protected] Anatolia has always been more the point of transit, a bridge between West and East. Anatolia has been a home for ideas moving from all directions. So it is that in the Roman and post-Roman periods the role of Anatolia in general and of Ancyra (the Roman name of Ankara) in particular was of the greatest importance. Now, the visible archaeological remains of Roman period in Ankara are Roman Bath, Gymnasium, the Temple of Augustus of Rome, Street, Theatre, City Defence-Wall. The Caesar Augustus, the first Roman Emperor, conquered Asia Minor in 25 BC. Then a marble temple was built in Ancyra, the administrative capital of province, today the capital of Turkish Republic, Ankara. This monument was consecrated to the E...
An important problem of marble-quarry management is assessing the quality and the homogeneity of ... more An important problem of marble-quarry management is assessing the quality and the homogeneity of quarry blocks before excavation. In this study, we decided to image the limestone, which we studied in a marble quarry, in terms of layer thickness, discontinuities and cavities using the ground-penetrating-radar (GPR) method. The method was successfully applied to detect and map the fractures with the cavities in a marble layer according to depth in the Ankara City Polatli Town (Turkey) region, which represents upper Miocene-Pliocene lacustrine carbonate rocks.
A B S T R A C T Computation of the wavefield due to reflection from an irregular surface is carri... more A B S T R A C T Computation of the wavefield due to reflection from an irregular surface is carried out for subsurfaces with large radii of curvature. The Kirchhoff approximation is proved to be sufficiently accurate provided that the acoustic wavelength is sufficiently small with respect to the asperities of the rough surface. For cases where the irregular surface does not fulfil this condition, a series solution is proposed. The first term of this series appears to be the result obtained by conventional Kirchhoff approximation. The series, initially developed in the space±wavenumber domain by Meecham, is transformed into the space±time domain, and the general expression for the series is obtained by calculation of the normal derivative of the field function. The series solution, restricted to the first two terms, is illustrated by application to three synthetic examples. Applications show that the series approximation obtained by the Kirchhoff method contributes significantly to the modelling of narrow, steep and deep structures and consequently it appears that the second term in the series cannot be ignored in the computation of the wavefields arising from a rough surface.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 10589759 2012 694885, 2012
The use of geophysical methods, particularly ground-penetrating radar (GPR), in the environmental... more The use of geophysical methods, particularly ground-penetrating radar (GPR), in the environmental sites has taken very important approximation in locating potential environmental hazards such as landslides and cavities. Generally, slices of a three-dimensional (3D) GPR data set can be used to monitor changes in the surface locations and depth of the environmental hazards through the iterative slices. The aim of this study is to introduce volume imaging of subsurface cavities with a transparent half bird's-eye view within a 3D data set. Transparency is obtained by a constructed opaque function of the amplitude -colour range. The half bird's-eye view is achieved by observing angles of the x-, y-and z-directions to the 3D block. A GPR study was conducted at a reservoir area (696 m £ 100 m) in Akkopru dam and hydroelectric power station in Mugla (Turkey) to determine the existence and abundance of karstic cavities. The study revealed the presence of 283 cavities of various size and depth. Borehole data encouraged the results with given depths.
Proceedings of the Xiii Internarional Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar, 2010
We introduced a simple time gain approximation with a functioned amplitude-color range to image a... more We introduced a simple time gain approximation with a functioned amplitude-color range to image all amplitudes or only selected amplitudes. First, we reduced ground wave amplitudes near to the maximum reflected / diffracted wave amplitudes of the data. Thus amplitude range of the two dimensional (2D) GPR profile section (radargram) was rescaled by maximum reflected/ diffracted wave amplitude values only
Ground penetrating radar (GPR) method is used as a tool to identify the zonation boundaries in ig... more Ground penetrating radar (GPR) method is used as a tool to identify the zonation boundaries in ignimbrite series through their columnar section. Ignimbrites can be classified in terms of welding degree, colour, texture and mineralogical compositions. The research area comprises a part of İncesu (Kayseri) ignimbrite at Central Anatolia, Turkey. This ignimbrite is divided into three levels and each level has clear differences in terms of macroscopic and microscopic views. This paper presents the results of an application of GPR for the determination of zonation boundary within the ignimbrite flow unit in the view of their textural and petrological features. RAMAC CU II equipment was used with 250 MHz shielded antenna on parallel ten profiles to observe the physical difference among the ignimbrite levels of the study area. Two levels out of three have been defined at the İncesu ignimbrite and supported by field geology and petrographical studies. The first level, which is extremely fractured structure, is about 1.5 m thick and matches with middle level of the İncesu ignimbrite. The second level has an average 50-75 cm thickness and matches with lower level of the ignimbrite. In this manner, vertical lithological variations should be taken into consideration during petrological investigation of the ignimbrites.
Ground penetrating radar (GPR) method can be used in the geological studies for identifying the r... more Ground penetrating radar (GPR) method can be used in the geological studies for identifying the rock boundaries, joints and trace fractures. The research area comprises a part of alkaline igneous rocks (Buzlukdagi) at Central Anatolia, Turkey. These intrusive rocks are exposed as a small alkaline pluton which intruded into the metamorphic rocks in the composition of foid bearing syenitoid. The wall rock of the intrusive body mainly composed of migmatite and marble as a result of contact metamorphism of the dentritic and limestone rock units. The alkaline intrusive rocks have fine grain with holocrystalline texture at the contact zone. The wall rocks have a clear lineation with the melting signature in the form of migmatite. Marble rock blocks can be observed within the intrusive body at the outer zone of the contact. Fluorite bearing hydrothermal products can be seen along the fault and discontinuity zones within the alkaline unit in the studying area. Accordingly, joints and the fracture zones are very important for the mine researches in the region. This study presents the results of an application of GPR method for determination of the rock boundaries, joints and fractures within the studying area. In this study, RAMAC CU II equipment was used with 250 MHz shielded antenna to observe the lithological boundaries and fractures of the study area. The GPR measurements were taken on eight profiles with different lengths and different measurement time in order to identify the discontinuities according to the increasing depth. Time axis was transformed to the depth axis according to the determined 0.11m/ns of electromagnetic wave velocity as a result of velocity analysis. Generally the geological discontinuities could be seen until 10-14m in depth on radargrams of the profiles, while the radargram of the profile 3, which had 115m length and 900 ns of measurement time, could show them until 48m in depth. The discontinuity and xenoliths of the wall rocks are observed as various length and width within the intrusive body.
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Papers by Selma Kadioglu