Gemeinsame Implementation (JI) von Treibhausgasreduktionen kann handelsverzerrende Auswirkungen n... more Gemeinsame Implementation (JI) von Treibhausgasreduktionen kann handelsverzerrende Auswirkungen nach sich ziehen und so zu Auseinandersetzungen im Rahmen der WTO führen. Die institutionelle und rechtliche Ausgestaltung der JI lässt beträchtlichen Raum für solche Handelsverzerrungen. was durch die Evidenz bestätigt wird. Die durch JI realisierten Effizienzgewinne werden durch diese Handelsverzerrungen ganz oder zu einem grossen Teil aufgezehrt. Konflikte entstehen jedoch nur in speziellen institutionellen und rechtlichen Ausgestaltungen. Die Ergebnisse zeiPen. dass genau jene Massnahmen. welche einen positiven Umwelteffekt der JI gewährleisten simultan auch deren Kompatibilität mit den Anforderungen der liberalen Handelsregimes begünstigen. Die internationale politische Entscheidungsfindung sollte deshalb mehr Gewicht auf eine Vervollständigung der institutionellen und rechtlichen Ausgestaltung von umweltbegünstigenden JI-Projekten legen und damit gleichzeitig eine konfliktfreie Bezi...
Document complet disponible sur OLIS dans son format d'origine Complete document available o... more Document complet disponible sur OLIS dans son format d'origine Complete document available on OLIS in its original formatCOM/ENV/TD(2003)35/FINAL Public policies in a large number of OECD and non-OECD countries seek to steer producers and consumers towards relatively more energy-efficient goods. This chapter considers electrical appliances for home and office, which are produced and consumed in large and increasing numbers in industrialised and, increasingly, in developing economies. Since most relatively energy-efficient appliances achieve high performance levels through combinations of features that would be difficult to characterise succinctly under the product descriptions normally used for customs purposes, it may be necessary and desirable to distinguish them according to a single criterion: their energy performance in use. While international standards for defining and testing for energy performance exist, they differ for each appliance and in practice are not universall...
The vision of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has gained momentum in recent years. Progress conti... more The vision of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has gained momentum in recent years. Progress continues towards an ambitious integrated economic development and environmental protection plan that covers multiple cities and provincial jurisdictions to align with the greater Yangtze River Delta, one of the great river systems on the planet. Taking into account the wider delta region with the Chongqing-Chengdu (Chengyu) economic corridor, nearly 40 per cent of China’s population and 41 per cent of its GDP are located in this vast and rich area.
repfinted in OFFICE OF THE U.S. TRADE REPRESENTATIVE, FINAL Aar EMBODYING THE RESULTS OF THE URUG... more repfinted in OFFICE OF THE U.S. TRADE REPRESENTATIVE, FINAL Aar EMBODYING THE RESULTS OF THE URUGUAY ROUND OF MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS (VERSION OF 15 DECEMBER 1993) (1993). 3. See generally THE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECrION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. A WORLD WILDLIFE FUND DISCUSSION 1992, U.N. Doc. A/CONF.151/5/Rev.1 (1992), reprinted in 31 I.L.M. 874 (1992) [hereinafter Rio Declaration]. The Precautionary Principle is also included in several important international legal instruments and "soft" laws, including the World Charter of Nature, the Biodiversity Convention, the Climate Change Convention, and the 1991 London Amendments to the Montreal Protocol. See DAVID HUNTER ET AL., CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW (UNEP Environment and Trade Series No. 2, 1994). 6. See generally ROBERT STONEHOUSE Er AL., ENVIRONMENTAL DATA, RISK ASSESSMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS (UNEP Environment and Trade Series No. 4, 1994).
Is the environment we have now better than it was in the past, or have things gotten worse? Are w... more Is the environment we have now better than it was in the past, or have things gotten worse? Are we better off than our parents? Why have things changed? Do we really know? Can we know? What will the future look like? Will present trends continue? What will be the quality of air, water, sea, land and the biosphere as a whole for our children and grandchildren? Will the biodiversity of this continent be richer or poorer? Will our climate be the same or will it change?
Fernando Blumenschein (Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV)) , Clara Brandi (German Development Instit... more Fernando Blumenschein (Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV)) , Clara Brandi (German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE)) , R. Andreas Kraemer (Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI)) , Barry Carin (Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI)) , Renato Flores (Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV)) , Max Gruenig (Ecologic Institute) , Sebastian Helgenberger (Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS Potsdam)) , Akshay Mathur (Gateway House) , Hermann Ott (Wuppertal Institute) , Rainer Quitzow (Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS Potsdam)) , Joël Ruet (The Bridge Tank) , Thomas Spencer (Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations (IDDRI)) , Sonja Thielges (Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS Potsdam)) , Scott Vaughan (International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD)) , Shelagh Whitley (Overseas Development Institute (ODI)) April 24, 2017 | Last updated: October ...
En s'appuyant sur cinq etudes de cas concernant l'agriculture intensive, la deforestation... more En s'appuyant sur cinq etudes de cas concernant l'agriculture intensive, la deforestation, le rechauffement de la planete, les pluies acides et la surpeche, elle montre que le commerce pourrait jouer un role positif dans la diffusion de technologies respectueuses de l'environnement dans le monde.
The Advisory Board to the North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation (NACEC) is chai... more The Advisory Board to the North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation (NACEC) is chaired by the Honorable Phil Sharp, and is composed of senior officials and experts from Canada, Mexico and the United States. The mandate of the Advisory Board is to provide guidance, advice and recommendations to the NACEC on its Environmental Challenges and Opportunities of the Evolving Continental Electricity Market initiative, which includes a report. The report, which is being prepared by the Secretariat in accordance with Article 13 provisions of the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation, will be prepared during the first eight months of 2001. It is expected that a symposium on specific aspects of electricity restructuring and the environment will be held in late 2001 and that the final Secretariat report will be formally submitted to the Council of the NACECwhose members are the governments of Canada, Mexico and the United Statesin late 2001.
Gemeinsame Implementation (JI) von Treibhausgasreduktionen kann handelsverzerrende Auswirkungen n... more Gemeinsame Implementation (JI) von Treibhausgasreduktionen kann handelsverzerrende Auswirkungen nach sich ziehen und so zu Auseinandersetzungen im Rahmen der WTO führen. Die institutionelle und rechtliche Ausgestaltung der JI lässt beträchtlichen Raum für solche Handelsverzerrungen. was durch die Evidenz bestätigt wird. Die durch JI realisierten Effizienzgewinne werden durch diese Handelsverzerrungen ganz oder zu einem grossen Teil aufgezehrt. Konflikte entstehen jedoch nur in speziellen institutionellen und rechtlichen Ausgestaltungen. Die Ergebnisse zeiPen. dass genau jene Massnahmen. welche einen positiven Umwelteffekt der JI gewährleisten simultan auch deren Kompatibilität mit den Anforderungen der liberalen Handelsregimes begünstigen. Die internationale politische Entscheidungsfindung sollte deshalb mehr Gewicht auf eine Vervollständigung der institutionellen und rechtlichen Ausgestaltung von umweltbegünstigenden JI-Projekten legen und damit gleichzeitig eine konfliktfreie Bezi...
Document complet disponible sur OLIS dans son format d'origine Complete document available o... more Document complet disponible sur OLIS dans son format d'origine Complete document available on OLIS in its original formatCOM/ENV/TD(2003)35/FINAL Public policies in a large number of OECD and non-OECD countries seek to steer producers and consumers towards relatively more energy-efficient goods. This chapter considers electrical appliances for home and office, which are produced and consumed in large and increasing numbers in industrialised and, increasingly, in developing economies. Since most relatively energy-efficient appliances achieve high performance levels through combinations of features that would be difficult to characterise succinctly under the product descriptions normally used for customs purposes, it may be necessary and desirable to distinguish them according to a single criterion: their energy performance in use. While international standards for defining and testing for energy performance exist, they differ for each appliance and in practice are not universall...
The vision of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has gained momentum in recent years. Progress conti... more The vision of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has gained momentum in recent years. Progress continues towards an ambitious integrated economic development and environmental protection plan that covers multiple cities and provincial jurisdictions to align with the greater Yangtze River Delta, one of the great river systems on the planet. Taking into account the wider delta region with the Chongqing-Chengdu (Chengyu) economic corridor, nearly 40 per cent of China’s population and 41 per cent of its GDP are located in this vast and rich area.
repfinted in OFFICE OF THE U.S. TRADE REPRESENTATIVE, FINAL Aar EMBODYING THE RESULTS OF THE URUG... more repfinted in OFFICE OF THE U.S. TRADE REPRESENTATIVE, FINAL Aar EMBODYING THE RESULTS OF THE URUGUAY ROUND OF MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS (VERSION OF 15 DECEMBER 1993) (1993). 3. See generally THE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECrION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. A WORLD WILDLIFE FUND DISCUSSION 1992, U.N. Doc. A/CONF.151/5/Rev.1 (1992), reprinted in 31 I.L.M. 874 (1992) [hereinafter Rio Declaration]. The Precautionary Principle is also included in several important international legal instruments and "soft" laws, including the World Charter of Nature, the Biodiversity Convention, the Climate Change Convention, and the 1991 London Amendments to the Montreal Protocol. See DAVID HUNTER ET AL., CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW (UNEP Environment and Trade Series No. 2, 1994). 6. See generally ROBERT STONEHOUSE Er AL., ENVIRONMENTAL DATA, RISK ASSESSMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS (UNEP Environment and Trade Series No. 4, 1994).
Is the environment we have now better than it was in the past, or have things gotten worse? Are w... more Is the environment we have now better than it was in the past, or have things gotten worse? Are we better off than our parents? Why have things changed? Do we really know? Can we know? What will the future look like? Will present trends continue? What will be the quality of air, water, sea, land and the biosphere as a whole for our children and grandchildren? Will the biodiversity of this continent be richer or poorer? Will our climate be the same or will it change?
Fernando Blumenschein (Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV)) , Clara Brandi (German Development Instit... more Fernando Blumenschein (Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV)) , Clara Brandi (German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE)) , R. Andreas Kraemer (Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI)) , Barry Carin (Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI)) , Renato Flores (Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV)) , Max Gruenig (Ecologic Institute) , Sebastian Helgenberger (Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS Potsdam)) , Akshay Mathur (Gateway House) , Hermann Ott (Wuppertal Institute) , Rainer Quitzow (Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS Potsdam)) , Joël Ruet (The Bridge Tank) , Thomas Spencer (Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations (IDDRI)) , Sonja Thielges (Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS Potsdam)) , Scott Vaughan (International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD)) , Shelagh Whitley (Overseas Development Institute (ODI)) April 24, 2017 | Last updated: October ...
En s'appuyant sur cinq etudes de cas concernant l'agriculture intensive, la deforestation... more En s'appuyant sur cinq etudes de cas concernant l'agriculture intensive, la deforestation, le rechauffement de la planete, les pluies acides et la surpeche, elle montre que le commerce pourrait jouer un role positif dans la diffusion de technologies respectueuses de l'environnement dans le monde.
The Advisory Board to the North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation (NACEC) is chai... more The Advisory Board to the North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation (NACEC) is chaired by the Honorable Phil Sharp, and is composed of senior officials and experts from Canada, Mexico and the United States. The mandate of the Advisory Board is to provide guidance, advice and recommendations to the NACEC on its Environmental Challenges and Opportunities of the Evolving Continental Electricity Market initiative, which includes a report. The report, which is being prepared by the Secretariat in accordance with Article 13 provisions of the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation, will be prepared during the first eight months of 2001. It is expected that a symposium on specific aspects of electricity restructuring and the environment will be held in late 2001 and that the final Secretariat report will be formally submitted to the Council of the NACECwhose members are the governments of Canada, Mexico and the United Statesin late 2001.
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