Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, Sep 18, 2017
Inheritance of Na + , K + /Na + uptake and proline accumulation at maturity was studied in six, G... more Inheritance of Na + , K + /Na + uptake and proline accumulation at maturity was studied in six, Gossypium hirsutum L. cultivars using diallel analysis. Parents and F 1 s were grown in 0, 17.5 and 20 dSm -1 salt in iron containers. At maturity, leaf samples were collected to measure Na + , K + /Na + and proline accumulation in the plant material. Indices of salt tolerance (relative values) of Na + , K + /Na + and proline accumulation were used for genetic analysis following Hayman-Jinks approach. Joint regression coefficients (b) were used to assess the validity of data sets to the simple genetic model, and the model was found to be adequate for analyzing all data sets. It was revealed that genes controlling variation are additively controlled, and hence the estimates of h 2 were high under low and high salinity. These results suggest variation in these characters and potential for improving salinity tolerance in cotton. The plants with low Na + , greater K + /Na + ratio and greater proline accumulation may be selected from segregating population of the examined material.
NABI, G., S. SHOKAT, M. T. AZHAR and F. M. AZHAR, 2015. Genetic basis of ion uptake and proline a... more NABI, G., S. SHOKAT, M. T. AZHAR and F. M. AZHAR, 2015. Genetic basis of ion uptake and proline accumulation in Gossypium hirsutum L. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 21: 835–842 Inheritance of Na+, K+/Na+ uptake and proline accumulation at maturity was studied in six, Gossypium hirsutum L. cultivars using diallel analysis. Parents and F1s were grown in 0, 17.5 and 20 dSm -1 salt in iron containers. At maturity, leaf samples were collected to measure Na+, K+/Na+ and proline accumulation in the plant material. Indices of salt tolerance (relative values) of Na+, K+/Na+ and proline accumulation were used for genetic analysis following Hayman-Jinks approach. Joint regression coefficients (b) were used to assess the validity of data sets to the simple genetic model, and the model was found to be adequate for analyzing all data sets. It was revealed that genes controlling variation are additively controlled, and hence the estimates of h2 were high under low and high salinity. These results suggest v...
This study aims to evaluate the role of genetic diversity originated from three-way crosses of la... more This study aims to evaluate the role of genetic diversity originated from three-way crosses of landraces and synthetic bread wheat derivatives attempted with elite cultivars to identify the genotypes having better grain yield as well as better starch contents under flowering stage drought stress. In total, 50 genotypes comprised of 47 derivatives of landraces and synthetics, and three standard varieties were grown in the fields of CIMMYT, Obregon following alpha lattice design with two replications. Drought stress was imposed by stopping the irrigation before anthesis and post-anthesis stages. Different traits related to physiological adaptations, earliness, grain yield and starch contents were decreased under drought stress except amylose which increased significantly. Canopy temperature depression was not significantly affected by drought stress. Further, we identified strong correlation of grain yield with plant height, normalized difference in vegetation index, plant maturity, s...
High salinity levels affect 20% of the cultivated area and 9%–34% of the irrigated agricultural l... more High salinity levels affect 20% of the cultivated area and 9%–34% of the irrigated agricultural land worldwide, ultimately leading to yield losses of crops. The current study evaluated seven salt tolerance-related traits at the seedling stage in a set of 138 pre-breeding lines (PBLs) and identified 63 highly significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) linked to salt tolerance. Different candidate genes were identified in in silico analysis, many of which were involved in various stress conditions in plants, including glycine-rich cell wall structural protein 1-like, metacaspase-1, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase GAPA1, and plastidial GAPA1. Some of these genes coded for structural protein and participated in cell wall structure, some were linked to programmed cell death, and others were reported to show abiotic stress response roles in wheat and other plants. In addition, using the Multi-Trait Genotype-Ideotype Distance Index (MGIDI) protocol, the best-performing lines und...
Yellow (YR) and leaf (LR) rusts caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) and Puccinia ... more Yellow (YR) and leaf (LR) rusts caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) and Puccinia triticina, respectively, are of utmost importance to wheat producers because of their qualitative and quantitative effect on yield. The search for new loci resistant to both rusts is an ongoing challenge faced by plant breeders and pathologists. Our investigation was conducted on a subset of 168 pre-breeding lines (PBLs) to identify the resistant germplasm against the prevalent local races of LR and YR under field conditions followed by its genetic mapping. Our analysis revealed a range of phenotypic responses towards both rusts. We identified 28 wheat lines with immune response and 85 resistant wheat genotypes against LR, whereas there were only eight immune and 52 resistant genotypes against YR. A GWAS (genome-wide association study) identified 190 marker-trait associations (MTAs), where 120 were specific to LR and 70 were specific to YR. These MTAs were confined to 86 quantitative tra...
Rizwan et al.: Can we exploit supernumerary spikelet and spike branching traits to boost bread wh... more Rizwan et al.: Can we exploit supernumerary spikelet and spike branching traits to boost bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.
The rise in human population necessitates the use of all available tools to enhance wheat product... more The rise in human population necessitates the use of all available tools to enhance wheat productivity. In this regard, pre-breeding has mobilized novel underutilized genetic variation into breeding programs. However, this germplasm needs to be characterized for its efficient utilization. This investigation was initiated to evaluate the early and late sown wheat pre-breeding germplasm for physiology- and yield-related traits and to associate the mapped SNPs using association mapping approach. Our results indicate that the germplasm performed better in early sowing in comparison to late planting where grain yield (Yd) was found positively correlated with water use efficiency (WUE), heading time, and chlorophyll contents (Chl). We discovered a total of 210 associations involving 155 SNPs. Taking into consideration either early or late sowing and the mean values, only 12 marker traits were associated with trait germination, plant height, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, Chl, carotenoids, and Yd. Our correlations and mapping results indicate that higher WUE along with Chl can be targeted as indirect physiological markers to enhance wheat yield.
Climate change is an undeniable threat to sustainable wheat production in the future as an increa... more Climate change is an undeniable threat to sustainable wheat production in the future as an increased temperature will significantly increase grain loss due to the increased number of generations per season of multivoltine species that are detrimental to plants. Among insects, orange wheat blossom midge (OWBM), yellow wheat blossom midge (YWBM), saddle gall midge (SGM), thrips, and frit fly (FF) are important wheat pests in the European environments, which can be managed by the development of resistant cultivars. This involves the identification, confirmation, and incorporation of insect resistance sources into new high-yielding cultivars. We used two diverse and unrelated wheat [winter wheat (WW) and spring wheat (SW)] panels to associate single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers with the mentioned pests using the tools of association mapping. All in all, a total of 645 and 123 significant associations were detected in WW and SW, respectively, which were confined to 246 quantitative trait loci. Many candidate genes were identified using the BLAST analysis of the sequences of associated SNPs. Some of them are involved in controlling the physical structures of plants such as stomatal immunity and closure, cuticular wax in leaf blade, whereas others are involved in the production of certain enzymes in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed investigation that deals with YWBM, SGM, thrips, and FF resistance genetics using the natural variation in wheat. The reported germplasm is also readily available to breeders across the world that can make rational decisions to breed for the pest resilience of their interest by including the resistant genotypes being reported.
Frequent changes in ecosystems and environments through the change of climate have modified the r... more Frequent changes in ecosystems and environments through the change of climate have modified the rainfall patterns and seasons. This unpredictability has placed new emphasis on breeding resilient wheat varieties alongside higher yield and better nutritional quality. Use of few successful varieties as parents for breeding new varieties led to the loss of locally adaptive genetic diversity. Therefore, selection and use of diverse genotypes in a breeding program is required to create genetic variability. This study was initiated to study genomic diversity of 50 accessions of wheat at NIAB with an aim to breed new and resilient cultivars of wheat using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP). SRAP markers divided the germplasm into three main clusters comprising of 21 (Cluster 1), 19 (Cluster 2) and 10 genotypes (Cluster 3) with futher sub-gorups within them. More importantly, out of 10 cultivars developed in Pakistan, 6 fall in same cluster 1 (e.g., TAKBEER, LALMA, KT-335, INQALAB-91, NIA-SUNHARI and GALAXY-13), 1 line (NIA-AMBER in sub-group 2d) falls in cluster 2 and the rest of three lines (FAISALABAD-08 (sub-group 3a), PUNJAB-11 and BENAZIR-12 (both in sub-group 3b) fall in cluster 3. This study also identified a NIAB advanced line NW-1-20 distinctive from the other advanced lines indicating diverse parents in its pedigree. Thus, we found that SRAP markers were helpful in revealing the hidden population structure in a germplasm collection. To add to it, this study will help in selecting diverse parents for future wheat breeding at NIAB.
Frequent changes in ecosystems and environments through the change of climate have modified the r... more Frequent changes in ecosystems and environments through the change of climate have modified the rainfall patterns and seasons. This unpredictability has placed new emphasis on breeding resilient wheat varieties alongside higher yield and better nutritional quality. Use of few successful varieties as parents for breeding new varieties led to the loss of locally adaptive genetic diversity. Therefore, selection and use of diverse genotypes in a breeding program is required to create genetic variability. This study was initiated to study genomic diversity of 50 accessions of wheat at NIAB with an aim to breed new and resilient cultivars of wheat using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP). SRAP markers divided the germplasm into three main clusters comprising of 21 (Cluster 1), 19 (Cluster 2) and 10 genotypes (Cluster 3) with futher sub-gorups within them. More importantly, out of 10 cultivars developed in Pakistan, 6 fall in same cluster 1 (e.g., TAKBEER, LALMA, KT-335, INQALAB-91, NIA-SUNHARI and GALAXY-13), 1 line (NIA-AMBER in sub-group 2d) falls in cluster 2 and the rest of three lines (FAISALABAD-08 (sub-group 3a), PUNJAB-11 and BENAZIR-12 (both in sub-group 3b) fall in cluster 3. This study also identified a NIAB advanced line NW-1-20 distinctive from the other advanced lines indicating diverse parents in its pedigree. Thus, we found that SRAP markers were helpful in revealing the hidden population structure in a germplasm collection. To add to it, this study will help in selecting diverse parents for future wheat breeding at NIAB.
and 017867 were used. Different morphological and physiological characters such as number of flow... more and 017867 were used. Different morphological and physiological characters such as number of flowers, number of flowers shed, number of fruits, number of leaves/plant, number of days for fruit setting, Na + concentration, K + concentration and K + /Na + ratio were recorded at flowering and maturity stages. Variability and heritability of the studied characters were determined. The overall performance of the genotype O17859O was better at both NaCl concentrations for the traits like number of fruits, number of flowers, K + concentration and K + /Na + ratio. The genotype 017867 was the poorest in performance and was affected severely by salinity for the characters like number of flowers, number of fruits, K + /Na + ratio while all other genotypes showed intermediate response.
Studies were conducted for the estimation of variability in 20 tomato varieties/hybrids for fruit... more Studies were conducted for the estimation of variability in 20 tomato varieties/hybrids for fruit length, fruit width, pericarp thickness, fruit firmness at pink stage and fruit firmness at red stage. Analysis of variance revealed significant variation in tomato germplasm for all quality traits. Heritability estimates were higher for all the characters, whilst genetic advance was high only for fruit width and fruit length. Estimates of heritability and genetic advance for these traits suggest that direct selection may be more effective, and the plant material for other characters can be improved through hybridization and selective breeding.
Genetic correlation coefficients were partitioned using path coefficient analysis to examine dire... more Genetic correlation coefficients were partitioned using path coefficient analysis to examine direct and indirect effects of plant characters on total soluble solids (TSS) in Solanum lycoprsicum (L.). Analysis of variance for number of days to 50% flowering (NDFL), ...
Additional file 1. Schematic diagram of experiment, water consumption of different genotypes duri... more Additional file 1. Schematic diagram of experiment, water consumption of different genotypes during stress and sampling from different treatments and re-watering until maturity.
Background: Salinity is among the most damaging abiotic stresses for rice production which limits... more Background: Salinity is among the most damaging abiotic stresses for rice production which limits its growing area. The present research was conducted to evaluate five rice varieties for salinity tolerance at seedling stage. Methods: Experiment was conducted in triplicate and in two sets. One set was grown as a control (non-stress) and other as salt stressed. Salt stress of 15 dS/m was applied to one set of rice seedlings under controlled conditions. Data for different growth related morpho-physiological traits, i.e. germination percentage, root and shoot length, seedling fresh and dry weight, Na + and K + uptake were recorded after 15 days of seedling emergence under control as well as salinity condition. Results: Significant differences were observed among the genotypes under both the treatments and interaction of the evaluated traits suggested a significant variability among the rice genotypes under salt stress. NIAB-IRRI-9, Basmati-198 and KSK-133 were proved to be relatively sa...
Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, Sep 18, 2017
Inheritance of Na + , K + /Na + uptake and proline accumulation at maturity was studied in six, G... more Inheritance of Na + , K + /Na + uptake and proline accumulation at maturity was studied in six, Gossypium hirsutum L. cultivars using diallel analysis. Parents and F 1 s were grown in 0, 17.5 and 20 dSm -1 salt in iron containers. At maturity, leaf samples were collected to measure Na + , K + /Na + and proline accumulation in the plant material. Indices of salt tolerance (relative values) of Na + , K + /Na + and proline accumulation were used for genetic analysis following Hayman-Jinks approach. Joint regression coefficients (b) were used to assess the validity of data sets to the simple genetic model, and the model was found to be adequate for analyzing all data sets. It was revealed that genes controlling variation are additively controlled, and hence the estimates of h 2 were high under low and high salinity. These results suggest variation in these characters and potential for improving salinity tolerance in cotton. The plants with low Na + , greater K + /Na + ratio and greater proline accumulation may be selected from segregating population of the examined material.
NABI, G., S. SHOKAT, M. T. AZHAR and F. M. AZHAR, 2015. Genetic basis of ion uptake and proline a... more NABI, G., S. SHOKAT, M. T. AZHAR and F. M. AZHAR, 2015. Genetic basis of ion uptake and proline accumulation in Gossypium hirsutum L. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 21: 835–842 Inheritance of Na+, K+/Na+ uptake and proline accumulation at maturity was studied in six, Gossypium hirsutum L. cultivars using diallel analysis. Parents and F1s were grown in 0, 17.5 and 20 dSm -1 salt in iron containers. At maturity, leaf samples were collected to measure Na+, K+/Na+ and proline accumulation in the plant material. Indices of salt tolerance (relative values) of Na+, K+/Na+ and proline accumulation were used for genetic analysis following Hayman-Jinks approach. Joint regression coefficients (b) were used to assess the validity of data sets to the simple genetic model, and the model was found to be adequate for analyzing all data sets. It was revealed that genes controlling variation are additively controlled, and hence the estimates of h2 were high under low and high salinity. These results suggest v...
This study aims to evaluate the role of genetic diversity originated from three-way crosses of la... more This study aims to evaluate the role of genetic diversity originated from three-way crosses of landraces and synthetic bread wheat derivatives attempted with elite cultivars to identify the genotypes having better grain yield as well as better starch contents under flowering stage drought stress. In total, 50 genotypes comprised of 47 derivatives of landraces and synthetics, and three standard varieties were grown in the fields of CIMMYT, Obregon following alpha lattice design with two replications. Drought stress was imposed by stopping the irrigation before anthesis and post-anthesis stages. Different traits related to physiological adaptations, earliness, grain yield and starch contents were decreased under drought stress except amylose which increased significantly. Canopy temperature depression was not significantly affected by drought stress. Further, we identified strong correlation of grain yield with plant height, normalized difference in vegetation index, plant maturity, s...
High salinity levels affect 20% of the cultivated area and 9%–34% of the irrigated agricultural l... more High salinity levels affect 20% of the cultivated area and 9%–34% of the irrigated agricultural land worldwide, ultimately leading to yield losses of crops. The current study evaluated seven salt tolerance-related traits at the seedling stage in a set of 138 pre-breeding lines (PBLs) and identified 63 highly significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) linked to salt tolerance. Different candidate genes were identified in in silico analysis, many of which were involved in various stress conditions in plants, including glycine-rich cell wall structural protein 1-like, metacaspase-1, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase GAPA1, and plastidial GAPA1. Some of these genes coded for structural protein and participated in cell wall structure, some were linked to programmed cell death, and others were reported to show abiotic stress response roles in wheat and other plants. In addition, using the Multi-Trait Genotype-Ideotype Distance Index (MGIDI) protocol, the best-performing lines und...
Yellow (YR) and leaf (LR) rusts caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) and Puccinia ... more Yellow (YR) and leaf (LR) rusts caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) and Puccinia triticina, respectively, are of utmost importance to wheat producers because of their qualitative and quantitative effect on yield. The search for new loci resistant to both rusts is an ongoing challenge faced by plant breeders and pathologists. Our investigation was conducted on a subset of 168 pre-breeding lines (PBLs) to identify the resistant germplasm against the prevalent local races of LR and YR under field conditions followed by its genetic mapping. Our analysis revealed a range of phenotypic responses towards both rusts. We identified 28 wheat lines with immune response and 85 resistant wheat genotypes against LR, whereas there were only eight immune and 52 resistant genotypes against YR. A GWAS (genome-wide association study) identified 190 marker-trait associations (MTAs), where 120 were specific to LR and 70 were specific to YR. These MTAs were confined to 86 quantitative tra...
Rizwan et al.: Can we exploit supernumerary spikelet and spike branching traits to boost bread wh... more Rizwan et al.: Can we exploit supernumerary spikelet and spike branching traits to boost bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.
The rise in human population necessitates the use of all available tools to enhance wheat product... more The rise in human population necessitates the use of all available tools to enhance wheat productivity. In this regard, pre-breeding has mobilized novel underutilized genetic variation into breeding programs. However, this germplasm needs to be characterized for its efficient utilization. This investigation was initiated to evaluate the early and late sown wheat pre-breeding germplasm for physiology- and yield-related traits and to associate the mapped SNPs using association mapping approach. Our results indicate that the germplasm performed better in early sowing in comparison to late planting where grain yield (Yd) was found positively correlated with water use efficiency (WUE), heading time, and chlorophyll contents (Chl). We discovered a total of 210 associations involving 155 SNPs. Taking into consideration either early or late sowing and the mean values, only 12 marker traits were associated with trait germination, plant height, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, Chl, carotenoids, and Yd. Our correlations and mapping results indicate that higher WUE along with Chl can be targeted as indirect physiological markers to enhance wheat yield.
Climate change is an undeniable threat to sustainable wheat production in the future as an increa... more Climate change is an undeniable threat to sustainable wheat production in the future as an increased temperature will significantly increase grain loss due to the increased number of generations per season of multivoltine species that are detrimental to plants. Among insects, orange wheat blossom midge (OWBM), yellow wheat blossom midge (YWBM), saddle gall midge (SGM), thrips, and frit fly (FF) are important wheat pests in the European environments, which can be managed by the development of resistant cultivars. This involves the identification, confirmation, and incorporation of insect resistance sources into new high-yielding cultivars. We used two diverse and unrelated wheat [winter wheat (WW) and spring wheat (SW)] panels to associate single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers with the mentioned pests using the tools of association mapping. All in all, a total of 645 and 123 significant associations were detected in WW and SW, respectively, which were confined to 246 quantitative trait loci. Many candidate genes were identified using the BLAST analysis of the sequences of associated SNPs. Some of them are involved in controlling the physical structures of plants such as stomatal immunity and closure, cuticular wax in leaf blade, whereas others are involved in the production of certain enzymes in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed investigation that deals with YWBM, SGM, thrips, and FF resistance genetics using the natural variation in wheat. The reported germplasm is also readily available to breeders across the world that can make rational decisions to breed for the pest resilience of their interest by including the resistant genotypes being reported.
Frequent changes in ecosystems and environments through the change of climate have modified the r... more Frequent changes in ecosystems and environments through the change of climate have modified the rainfall patterns and seasons. This unpredictability has placed new emphasis on breeding resilient wheat varieties alongside higher yield and better nutritional quality. Use of few successful varieties as parents for breeding new varieties led to the loss of locally adaptive genetic diversity. Therefore, selection and use of diverse genotypes in a breeding program is required to create genetic variability. This study was initiated to study genomic diversity of 50 accessions of wheat at NIAB with an aim to breed new and resilient cultivars of wheat using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP). SRAP markers divided the germplasm into three main clusters comprising of 21 (Cluster 1), 19 (Cluster 2) and 10 genotypes (Cluster 3) with futher sub-gorups within them. More importantly, out of 10 cultivars developed in Pakistan, 6 fall in same cluster 1 (e.g., TAKBEER, LALMA, KT-335, INQALAB-91, NIA-SUNHARI and GALAXY-13), 1 line (NIA-AMBER in sub-group 2d) falls in cluster 2 and the rest of three lines (FAISALABAD-08 (sub-group 3a), PUNJAB-11 and BENAZIR-12 (both in sub-group 3b) fall in cluster 3. This study also identified a NIAB advanced line NW-1-20 distinctive from the other advanced lines indicating diverse parents in its pedigree. Thus, we found that SRAP markers were helpful in revealing the hidden population structure in a germplasm collection. To add to it, this study will help in selecting diverse parents for future wheat breeding at NIAB.
Frequent changes in ecosystems and environments through the change of climate have modified the r... more Frequent changes in ecosystems and environments through the change of climate have modified the rainfall patterns and seasons. This unpredictability has placed new emphasis on breeding resilient wheat varieties alongside higher yield and better nutritional quality. Use of few successful varieties as parents for breeding new varieties led to the loss of locally adaptive genetic diversity. Therefore, selection and use of diverse genotypes in a breeding program is required to create genetic variability. This study was initiated to study genomic diversity of 50 accessions of wheat at NIAB with an aim to breed new and resilient cultivars of wheat using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP). SRAP markers divided the germplasm into three main clusters comprising of 21 (Cluster 1), 19 (Cluster 2) and 10 genotypes (Cluster 3) with futher sub-gorups within them. More importantly, out of 10 cultivars developed in Pakistan, 6 fall in same cluster 1 (e.g., TAKBEER, LALMA, KT-335, INQALAB-91, NIA-SUNHARI and GALAXY-13), 1 line (NIA-AMBER in sub-group 2d) falls in cluster 2 and the rest of three lines (FAISALABAD-08 (sub-group 3a), PUNJAB-11 and BENAZIR-12 (both in sub-group 3b) fall in cluster 3. This study also identified a NIAB advanced line NW-1-20 distinctive from the other advanced lines indicating diverse parents in its pedigree. Thus, we found that SRAP markers were helpful in revealing the hidden population structure in a germplasm collection. To add to it, this study will help in selecting diverse parents for future wheat breeding at NIAB.
and 017867 were used. Different morphological and physiological characters such as number of flow... more and 017867 were used. Different morphological and physiological characters such as number of flowers, number of flowers shed, number of fruits, number of leaves/plant, number of days for fruit setting, Na + concentration, K + concentration and K + /Na + ratio were recorded at flowering and maturity stages. Variability and heritability of the studied characters were determined. The overall performance of the genotype O17859O was better at both NaCl concentrations for the traits like number of fruits, number of flowers, K + concentration and K + /Na + ratio. The genotype 017867 was the poorest in performance and was affected severely by salinity for the characters like number of flowers, number of fruits, K + /Na + ratio while all other genotypes showed intermediate response.
Studies were conducted for the estimation of variability in 20 tomato varieties/hybrids for fruit... more Studies were conducted for the estimation of variability in 20 tomato varieties/hybrids for fruit length, fruit width, pericarp thickness, fruit firmness at pink stage and fruit firmness at red stage. Analysis of variance revealed significant variation in tomato germplasm for all quality traits. Heritability estimates were higher for all the characters, whilst genetic advance was high only for fruit width and fruit length. Estimates of heritability and genetic advance for these traits suggest that direct selection may be more effective, and the plant material for other characters can be improved through hybridization and selective breeding.
Genetic correlation coefficients were partitioned using path coefficient analysis to examine dire... more Genetic correlation coefficients were partitioned using path coefficient analysis to examine direct and indirect effects of plant characters on total soluble solids (TSS) in Solanum lycoprsicum (L.). Analysis of variance for number of days to 50% flowering (NDFL), ...
Additional file 1. Schematic diagram of experiment, water consumption of different genotypes duri... more Additional file 1. Schematic diagram of experiment, water consumption of different genotypes during stress and sampling from different treatments and re-watering until maturity.
Background: Salinity is among the most damaging abiotic stresses for rice production which limits... more Background: Salinity is among the most damaging abiotic stresses for rice production which limits its growing area. The present research was conducted to evaluate five rice varieties for salinity tolerance at seedling stage. Methods: Experiment was conducted in triplicate and in two sets. One set was grown as a control (non-stress) and other as salt stressed. Salt stress of 15 dS/m was applied to one set of rice seedlings under controlled conditions. Data for different growth related morpho-physiological traits, i.e. germination percentage, root and shoot length, seedling fresh and dry weight, Na + and K + uptake were recorded after 15 days of seedling emergence under control as well as salinity condition. Results: Significant differences were observed among the genotypes under both the treatments and interaction of the evaluated traits suggested a significant variability among the rice genotypes under salt stress. NIAB-IRRI-9, Basmati-198 and KSK-133 were proved to be relatively sa...
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