Papers by Sabry El-Khodery
Veterinary World, Apr 1, 2023
Background and Aim: Esophageal obstruction is a common occurrence and a serious condition in came... more Background and Aim: Esophageal obstruction is a common occurrence and a serious condition in camels. This study aimed to assess the effects of mineral deficiency on esophageal obstruction rates in dromedary camels and describe their clinical presentation and treatment outcomes. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight camels were allocated to two groups. Group 1 (control) was composed of 10 sound camels. Group 2 included 18 camels with esophageal obstruction which were based on clinical and imaging evaluations. Hematobiochemical examinations in control and affected camels were compared and statistically analyzed. Results: In camels with esophageal obstruction when compared with controls, hematological analyses showed significant increases (p < 0.05) in neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes, along with significantly decreased total white blood counts. Aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, creatine phosphokinase, glucose, albumin, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen concentrations were significantly higher in affected camels when compared with controls. Furthermore, gamma-glutamyl transferase, globulin, sodium, chloride, cobalt, iron, manganese, and selenium concentrations were significantly reduced. Affected camels were treated by stomach tube or surgery and were completely recovered, except for one camel with an esophageal fistula. Conclusion: A lack of trace elements could have a significant role in esophageal obstruction in dromedaries. Clinical, ultrasonographic, and hematobiochemical evaluations are useful for the accurate diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of esophageal obstruction in camels.
Veterinary Record, Dec 21, 2022
Kafrelsheikh Veterinary Medical Journal, May 11, 2009
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of romifidine as epidural analgesic for... more The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of romifidine as epidural analgesic for standing flank and udder surgery in buffaloes. For this purpose, romifidine was administered at dose 50 µg kg-1 via epidural space in 20 female buffaloes had to undergo flank and udder surgery. Buffaloes were examined for time to onset of analgesia, anatomic extent of analgesia, all systemic reactions to the drug and the total procedure time. Moreover, heart rates, rectal temperature, respiratory rates, feces and urine production as well as the degree of analgesia, sedation and ataxia were recorded at different intervals before (baseline) and after administration. In all animals, epidural injection of romifidine induced a significant decrease in the heart rate. However rectal temperature and respiratory rate didn't show any significant changes. There was a significant increase of analgesic effect with time progress. For all animals, the peak analgesic period was extended from 15-240 minutes post-administration of romifidine. Ten minutes after epidural Epidural Administration Of Romifidine For Surgical ... Mohamed Marzok et al., 289 administration, all buffaloes began to show signs of systemic sedation (mild sedation, score = 1). Maximal sedative effect occurred between 30 and 180 minutes after epidural administration of romifidine. All buffaloes developed moderate ataxia (score 2) 15-20 minutes following epidural administration of romifidine and it lasted for up to 240 minutes. All these results provide evidence for a potential costeffective intra-and postoperative method of analgesia for abdominal and udder surgery in buffaloes, while allowing the patients to remain standing. Therefore, romifidine might be promising as an analgesic agent for buffaloes even for major abdominal surgery.
Veterinary Record, Feb 1, 2016
The objective of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive and sedative effects of epidural ... more The objective of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive and sedative effects of epidural administration of romifidine in dairy cattle. Twenty‐four dairy cows, divided randomly into four groups (three experimental and one control; n=6) received one of three doses of romifidine (30, 40 or 50 μg/kg) diluted in sterile saline (0.9 per cent) to a final volume of 25 ml or an equivalent volume of sterile saline. Antinociception and its anatomical extent was assessed by applying a standard stimulus (needle pin pricks) in different areas and by applying an electrical stimulus to the flank. The antinociceptive effect of romifidine was produced not only in the tail, anus, perineum, vulva and inguinal area but extended up to the coronary band of the hindlimbs and chest areas. Epidural romifidine induced mild‐to‐moderate sedation at 30 and 40 μg/kg doses and deep sedation at the 50 μg/kg dose. The antinociceptive and sedative effect was dose‐dependent in terms of intensity and duration. Thus, epidural administration of romifidine was effective in providing antinociception and sedation in cattle, and can be used in standing flank and udder surgery in cattle.
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, Dec 1, 2017
In a prospective experimental cross-over study, six clinically healthy donkeys were injected epid... more In a prospective experimental cross-over study, six clinically healthy donkeys were injected epidurally with normal saline (5 ml/animal), dexmedetomidine (5 µg kg-1) and xylazine (200 µg kg-1). Perineal analgesia, sedation, and degree of ataxia were evaluated pre-administration and at, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 min postadministration. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature were measured at the same time points. Epidural dexmedetomidine and xylazine produced complete bilateral perineal analgesia in all donkeys. The onset of analgesia was significantly rapid in dexmedetomidine treated donkeys in comparison with xylazine (5.8 ± 2.04 vs 14.2 ± 2.04 min, p = 0.004). Dexmedetomidine induced longer duration of perineal analgesia when compared with xylazine (160.0 ± 25.0 vs 115.8 ± 14.97 min, p = 0.021). Both drugs induced moderate sedation (score 2). The sedative effect of dexmedetomidine was longer than that of xylazine (105 ± 10 vs 80.83 ± 12 min, p = 0.017). All donkeys showed mild ataxia (score 1) after epidural xylazine and dexmedetomidine. Tail flaccidity was noticed in all donkeys at 15 and remained until 125 and 165 min postadministration of xylazine and dexmedetomidine, respectively. In conclusion, epidural dexmedetomidine induced faster and longer perineal analgesia with minimal cardiovascular effects than xylazine.
American Journal of Veterinary Research, Feb 1, 2015
D romedary camels (Camelus dromedaries), also known as Arabian camels, are single-humped camels t... more D romedary camels (Camelus dromedaries), also known as Arabian camels, are single-humped camels that are an important livestock species for people in harsh and difficult environments. 1 Camels are maintained for the production of meat, milk, leather, and wool and are also used as pack animals and for sport, transport, riding, and tourism purposes. 2 Despite the dromedary camel's popularity, information regarding various ophthalmologic conditions in this species, including reference limits for various ophthalmic variables and diagnostic tests for ocular diseases, is limited. 3-5 Measurement of IOP, or tonometry, is an important part of the routine ophthalmic examination in animals, 6 and knowledge of IOP values in clinically normal animals is important for the diagnosis and monitoring of ocular disorders such as focal or diffuse corneal edema, red or painful eyes, orbital trauma,
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 2016
We studied 72 buffalo with superficial swellings in the head (n=4), neck (n=5), chest wall (n=4),... more We studied 72 buffalo with superficial swellings in the head (n=4), neck (n=5), chest wall (n=4), abdominal wall (n=28), limbs (n=16), gluteal region (n=8), perineal region (n=6) and udder (n=1). Ultrasonographically, the swellings varied according to type, duration, content and location. The clinical use of ultrasound to assess these superficial swellings allowed diagnosis of abscesses (n=21), hematomas (n=11), hernias (n=17), bursitis (n=13), urethral diverticula (n=6) and tumors (n=4). Ultrasonography could precisely discriminate each lesion type (sensitivity, 71-100%; specificity, 75-100%; odds ratio, 1.0-8.4; Confidence Interval, 74.2-20; and P value 0.001). The specificity for ultrasonographic evaluation of superficial swellings was 100% for hernias, urethral diverticula and tumors, whilst the lowest specificity was recorded for hematomas (75%) and abscesses (92%). In conclusion, ultrasonography provides a precise, non-invasive and fast technique for the evaluation, classification and subsequent treatment of a variety of superficial swellings in buffalo.
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, 2018
Toxocara vitulorum is an important intestinal nematode that causes great economic losses in farm ... more Toxocara vitulorum is an important intestinal nematode that causes great economic losses in farm animals worldwide. However, there is a paucity in the development of effective and safe anthelmintic drugs against this parasite in buffalo calves. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antitoxocariasis efficacy of moxidectin, ivermectin, and piperazine citrate in buffalo calves. To achieve this purpose, 130 buffalo calves were randomly selected from Kafr El-Sheikh governorate, Egypt, and were examined for the presence of Toxocara vitulorum. Thirty calves were identified to be infected. Diseased calves were allocated randomly into 3 groups (10 each). The first group received moxidectin pour-on, the second group received ivermectin, and the third received piperazine citrate. Clinical, hematological, and parasitological responses of treated animals were assessed at 7, 14, 28, and 56 days after treatment. The fastest clinical recovery and complete elimination of parasite eggs from feces were exhibited in calves treated with moxidectin. Significant inhibition of eosinophil counts was observed in all treated calves at 1 week following treatment. From the obtained data, we conclude that moxidectin is an alternative effective and safe drug for treatment of buffalo calves infected with Toxocara vitulorum when administrated in the pouron route under field conditions.
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 2019
The present study was designed to describe the clinical presentation of abdominal hernias and to ... more The present study was designed to describe the clinical presentation of abdominal hernias and to evaluate the efficacy of polypropylene mesh in repair of such affection in camels. Twenty-six dromedary camels were included in this study on the basis of clinical and ultrasonographic evidence of abdominal hernia. Factors associated with prevalence and clinical findings of hernia were presented and hernioplasty using polypropylene mesh was evaluated as a surgical intervention. Out of 26 studied camels, abdominal hernia was prevalent in Wadeh camels than other breeds (17 vs. 9, P<0.01). Camels <6 years of age exhibited more hernias than other age groups (18 vs. 8, P<0.01). Moreover, females showed a significantly higher prevalence (19 vs. 7, P<0.01) of abdominal hernia compared to males (26.9%, n=7). The sensitivity (96.8%) and specificity (93.1%) of ultrasonography (US) for diagnosing hernia were higher in comparison to clinical examination (88.3%). At 3 weeks postoperatively, the clinical index score of 26 operated camels was significantly reduced in comparison with pretreated (22 vs. 4, P<0.005). However, only 2 cases had recurrence of the hernia and 2 camels had slight swelling in situ. By the 6th month post treatment, all treated camels were completely recovered. In conclusion, the polypropylene mesh is a viable and consistent alternative effective treatment for abdominal hernias in camels. In addition, the clinical index scores and US provide a precise paradigm for diagnosis and preoperative planning for abdominal hernias in dromedary camels.
Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia, Mar 1, 2015
To compare anti-nociceptive and sedative effects of tramadol, a combination of tramadol-lidocaine... more To compare anti-nociceptive and sedative effects of tramadol, a combination of tramadol-lidocaine, and lidocaine alone for perineal analgesia in donkeys. Experimental &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;blinded&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; randomized cross-over study. Six healthy adult donkeys. Treatments were tramadol (TR) (1.0 mg kg(-1) ), tramadol-lidocaine (TRLD) (0.5 and 0.2 mg kg(-1) respectively) and lidocaine (LD) (0.4 mg kg(-1) ) given into the epidural space. The volume of all treatments was 0.02 mL kg(-1) . Nociception was tested at the perineal region by pin prick, followed, if no reaction, by pressure from a haemostat clamp. Times to onset, degree and duration of anti-nociception of the perineal region were recorded. Response was tested immediately after drug administration and at: 2, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes post-administration and then at 30 minute intervals thereafter until a response re-occurred. Physiologic data and degree of sedation and ataxia were recorded pre-administration and at intervals for 240 minutes post-administration. Results were analyzed using anova, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Wilks&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; Lambda test as relevant. Significance was taken as p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05. Times (minutes, mean ± SD) to onset and duration of anti-nociception, respectively were; TR 13 ± 1.6 and 220 ± 4.6; TRLD 6 ± 0.8 and 180 ± 8.5; LD 4 ± 1.4 and 75 ± 4. Onset and duration times were significantly longer with TR than the other two treatments. TR never produced complete anti-nociception, whereas the TRLD and LD induced complete anti-nociceptive effects. Duration was significantly longer with TRLD than with LD alone. Epidural injections of TR and TRLD induced mild sedation. Epidural combination of TRLD produced an anti-nociceptive effect in the perineum, which was rapid in onset and had a longer duration of action than LD alone. An epidural single dose of TRLD combination would appear to provide an acceptable analgesic effect in the perineal region of donkeys.
Biological Trace Element Research, Mar 13, 2013
Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia, Jul 1, 2009
This study examined the sedative, analgesic, behavioral, and clinical effects of a combination of... more This study examined the sedative, analgesic, behavioral, and clinical effects of a combination of xylazine (XY) and nalbuphine-xylazine (NA-XY) in camels. A total of five adult camels were used in a prospective randomized cross-over design with a wash out period of two weeks. Camels were allocated randomly to two treatment groups: the XY group (xylazine, 1.1mL/100 kg IV) and the NA-XY group (xylazine, 1.1mL/100 kg IV and nalbuphine, 1 mg/kg IV). The sedative, analgesic, behavioral, and clinical effects of XY and NA-XY combination were evaluated prior to administration (baseline) and at 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, and 120 minutes post-administration. The results showed that the NA-XY combination accelerates the onset of sedation and analgesia and prolongs the durations of both sedation (p < 0.001) and analgesia (p < 0.01). The behavioral parameters showed higher scores with a NA-XY combination than xylazine alone. Although a XY injection resulted in a significant decline in the heart and respiratory rate, the NA-XY combination group revealed a non-significant change in both clinical parameters compared to the baseline. In conclusion, the use of a NA-XY combination in camels improved the sedative and analgesic onset and duration with an improved outcome in the behavioral scores, as well as in both the heart and respiratory rates compared to XY alone.
Biological Trace Element Research, Jul 6, 2012
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the oxidative stress level and antioxidant trace ele... more The aim of the present study was to evaluate the oxidative stress level and antioxidant trace elements status associated with lower airway disease in draft horses. For this purpose, venous blood samples were obtained from draft horses exhibiting signs of lower respiratory tract disorders (n = 83) and from control group (n = 20). Serum trace elements including selenium (Se), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) were assayed. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels as well as plasma hydrogen peroxides (H₂O₂) concentration and activity of plasma glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) were measured. There was a significant (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05) decrease of Se, Cu, Zn, and Fe in diseased horses compared with healthy ones, but the Cu/Zn ratio and Mn were increased (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05). Se was significantly (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05) decreased in chronically affected horses compared with acute cases, but Mn was increased (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05). There was an increase of MDA, LDL, and H₂O₂ levels and GR activity in diseased cases compared with healthy horses. However, there was a significant (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05) decrease of GST and CAT activity. MDA and LDL levels were increased (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05) in horses with chronic respiratory disease compared to acute cases, but CAT activity was decreased (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05). In horses with acute lower airway disease, there was a negative correlation between GR and H₂O₂ (r = -0.458), and LDL and CAT (r = -0.816). However, in chronic disease, a negative correlation was recorded between Se and MDA (r = -0.590). The results of the present study indicate that oxidative stress, with alteration of antioxidant trace element levels, is a feature of respiratory disease in draft horses.
Comparative therapeutic omparative therapeutic effect of antiseptic-antibiotic paste for topical ... more Comparative therapeutic omparative therapeutic effect of antiseptic-antibiotic paste for topical treatment of digital dermatitis in effect of antiseptic-antibiotic paste for topical treatment of digital dermatitis in dairy cows dairy cows.
Journal of Veterinary Medical Researches (Print), Jul 1, 2016
Journal of Veterinary Medical Researches (Print), Jul 1, 2016
Veterinary Record, Jul 1, 2017
In this study, comparative antinociceptive and sedative effects of epidural administration of rom... more In this study, comparative antinociceptive and sedative effects of epidural administration of romifidine and detomidine in buffalo were evaluated. Eighteen healthy adult buffalo, allocated randomly in three groups (two experimental and one control; n=6) received either 50 μg/kg of romifidine or detomidine diluted in sterile saline (0.9 per cent) to a final volume of 20 ml, or an equivalent volume of sterile saline epidurally. Antinociception, sedation and ataxia parameters were recorded immediately after drug administration. Epidural romifidine and detomidine produced mild to deep sedation and complete antinociception of the perineum, inguinal area and flank, and extended distally to the coronary band of the hindlimbs and cranially to the chest area. Times to onset of antinociception and sedation were significantly shorter with romifidine than with detomidine. The antinociceptive and sedative effects were significantly longer with romifidine than with detomidine. Romifidine or detomidine could be used to provide a reliable, long‐lasting and cost‐effective method for achieving epidural anaesthesia for standing surgical procedures in buffalo. Romifidine induces a longer antinociceptive effect and a more rapid onset than detomidine. Consequently, epidural romifidine may offer better therapeutic benefits in the management of acute postoperative pain.
Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Dec 1, 2022
Frontiers in Veterinary Science frontiersin.org Marzok et al.. /fvets.. extended distally to the ... more Frontiers in Veterinary Science frontiersin.org Marzok et al.. /fvets.. extended distally to the dorsal metatarsal area. Sedation lasted longer (p < .) with romifidine (±. min) than with romifidine-lidocaine (. ±. min). Longer-lasting analgesia (p < .) was obtained with romifidine (. ±. min) and romifidine-lidocaine (±. min) than with lidocaine (. ± min). Conclusions: Epidural administration of a single dose of romifidine or a combination of romifidine-lidocaine produced mild to moderate sedation and complete anti-nociception in the perineal and inguinal regions of donkeys. The clinical usefulness of epidural romifidine or romifidine-lidocaine combinations to perform obstetric procedures in donkeys needs to be assessed.
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Papers by Sabry El-Khodery