Binding and clearance of radioactive adrenaline and noradrenaline in sheep blood. Veterinary Rese... more Binding and clearance of radioactive adrenaline and noradrenaline in sheep blood. Veterinary Research Communications, 30(3), 423^432
Pakistan journal of biological sciences : PJBS, 2010
Embryonated egg is an ideal, environment in which to investigate the effects of incubation temper... more Embryonated egg is an ideal, environment in which to investigate the effects of incubation temperature on the development of the chick embryo. The objective of the current study were to investigate the effect of increasing the incubation temperature of chick embryo by 1.2 degrees C for 7 days (ED4 to ED11) on the body movement and mass of native saudi chick embryo. This objective was extended to examine the influence of pre-hatching temperature on post-hatching growth. Therefore, a total of 180 hatching egg of native Saudi chicken divided into two equal groups incubated at temperature 37.5 degrees C. The incubation temperature was raised to 38.7 degrees C from ED4 to ED11 in treated group before being returned to the control group incubation temperature (37.5 degrees C). The study revealed that elevating the incubation temperature of the eggs of native Saudi chicken by just 1.2 degrees C, from 37.5 to 38.7 degrees C, during embryonic days (ED) 4-11 causes significant increase in emb...
The current study was carried out to compare some biochemical and hormonal constituents in follic... more The current study was carried out to compare some biochemical and hormonal constituents in follicular fluids from oversized follicles, preovulatory follicles, and serum in camels (Camelus dromedarius). Follicular fluids from oversized follicles (N = 10), preovulatory follicles (N = 10), and sera were harvested from 20 dromedaries. The follicular fluids and sera were subjected to biochemical and hormonal analysis. The results indicated no significant differences in the concentrations of ascorbic acid, glucose, cholesterol, acid phosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase between follicular fluid from oversized follicles and preovulatory follicles. In addition, there were no significant variations in the level of ascorbic acid, glucose, cholesterol, and acid phosphatase in the serum of animals with oversized follicles and those with preovulatory follicles. Serum alkaline phosphatase was significantly greater (P < 0.05) in camels with oversized follicles. The concentrations of estradiol-17β (E2) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the follicular fluid of oversized follicles were significantly lower (P < 0.01) than that from preovulatory follicles. There were no differences in the concentrations of progesterone, tri-iodothyronine, and thyroxin between follicular fluid from oversized follicles and that of preovulatory follicles. The concentrations of E2, progesterone, tri-iodothyronine, thyroxin, cortisol, and IGF-1 were not different in the serum of camels with oversized follicles and camels with preovulatory follicles. The current study revealed that the significant differences of biochemical and hormonal constituents between follicular fluids from oversized follicles and preovulatory follicles were restricted on E2 and IGF-1. Relaying on the aforementioned outcome we can suggest that oversized follicle phenomenon is a form of follicular atresia of anovulatory follicles.
In many species of birds, normal values for hematological and biochemical factors were measured a... more In many species of birds, normal values for hematological and biochemical factors were measured and data base was established as their blood-profiles. In local Saudi chicken, measurement of serum biochemical values, which are important for diagnosis of clinical signs and symptoms when affected by diseases, are limited. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate serum's biochemical values of local Saudi chicken. Therefore, forty chicks (1 month old; 20 males and 20 females) and another forty chicks (3 month old; 20 males and 20 females) were obtained from the farm of the Veterinary Research Station, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia and used as materials in the study. Blood samples were collected from all birds and the harvested sera were kept frozen at -20 degrees C until the time of analysis. The present findings indicated no significant difference (p > 0.05) of all examined biochemical parameters between male and female chickens or young and old birds. Interestingly, all investigated biochemical parameters in these chickens were lower than the recorded reference values of other birds except for glucose which exhibited higher values than the reference. The reported lower serum cholesterol and triacylglcerol concentrations might be reflected on their concentrations in meat and protecting human beings from atherosclerosis. Therefore, estimation of lipid profile in these birds is recommended for future study.
Testicles were isolated from thirty five apparently healthy dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius... more Testicles were isolated from thirty five apparently healthy dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius), aged between 5 to 18 years, in a local slaughterhouse during the rutting season. Epididymal fluid was collected from one epididymis for determination of twelve biochemical and antioxidant parameters using ELISA commercial kits. Spermatozoa were harvested from each region of the other epididymis (head, body and tail) and stored in SHOTOR ® , Green buffer ® ϩ 20% egg yolk and INRA-96 ® extenders at 5 and 30°C. Results revealed that, in the epididymal fluid, concentrations of testosterone, glucose, albumin, total protein, cholesterol, fatty acids, iron, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were 5.19 Ϯ 1.69 ng/mL, 3.10 Ϯ 0.41 mmol/L, 6.26 Ϯ 1.26 g/dL, 0.50 Ϯ 0.07 mg/dL, 1.74 Ϯ 0.09 mmol/L, 6.62 Ϯ 0.81 nmol/ul, 926.20 Ϯ 100.18 ug/dL, 51.17 Ϯ 7.74 mIU/ml, and 143.16 Ϯ 18.67 mIU/ml, respectively. The antioxidants activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the epididymal fluid were 121.55 Ϯ 6.57 nmol/min/ml, 59.35 Ϯ 10.98 nmol/min/ml and 0.18 Ϯ 0.03 U/ml, respectively. Epididymal sperm motility and concentration were higher (P Ͻ 0.05) in the body and tail than the head. The viability indices of total and forward sperm motility, at 5 and 30°C, obtained from the tail region were superior (P Ͻ 0.05) in both SHOTOR ® and INRA-96 ® extenders than Green buffer extender. It may be concluded that INRA-96 ® extender is the best for storing dromedary epididymal spermatozoa at 5 and 30°C. Crown
The effect of immunization against gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) on sexual behavior, tot... more The effect of immunization against gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) on sexual behavior, total scrotal size, semen characteristics and serum concentrations of testosterone, was evaluated for 24 wks in sexually mature camels (Camelus dromedarius). Eight bull camels were randomly divided into a treatment and control group. Four male camels were immunized using 2 mg GnRH - tandem-dimer conjugated to ovalbumin, (Pepscan Systems, the Netherlands) administered subcutaneously, 4 wks apart. Control male camels received the same amount of saline solution. Significant decline in serum testosterone level was observed in three immunized camels out of four, whereas one camel showed no effect. The testosterone levels reached to <1.0 ng/mL serum by week 4 after booster injection and remained suppressed through the course of the study. The total testicular volume was not affected until the end of the experiment. In treated animals, the sexual behavior negatively affected after the booster injection. Anti-GnRH vaccine had a seriously detrimental effect on the acrosin amidase activity and normal acrosome percentages in treated male camels. It is concluded that the vaccine was effective in reducing serum testosterone levels and libido, and it had a serious harmful effect on the acrosin amidase activity and percentages of spermatozoa with normal acrosome. The immunogen did not affect the total testicular volume.
We report on the magnetic properties of an individual, high-quality single-crystalline iron nanow... more We report on the magnetic properties of an individual, high-quality single-crystalline iron nanowire with diameter d = 26 nm. The nanowire is embedded in a carbon nanotube which provides complete shielding against oxidation. Magnetization reversal is associated with domain wall formation where domain nucleation is initiated by curling. The observed nucleation fields of up to 900 mT are much higher than reported previously and nearly reach the shape anisotropy field of iron nanowires.
A multitude of endocrine mechanisms are involved in coping with challenges. Front-line hormones t... more A multitude of endocrine mechanisms are involved in coping with challenges. Front-line hormones to overcome stressful situations are glucocorticoids (GCs) and catecholamines (CAs). These hormones are usually determined in plasma samples as parameters of adrenal activity and thus of disturbance. GCs (and CAs) are extensively metabolized and excreted afterwards. Therefore, the concentration of GCs (or their metabolites) can be measured in various body fluids or excreta. Above all, fecal samples offer the advantages of easy collection and a feedback-free sampling procedure. However, large differences exist among species regarding the route and time course of excretion, as well as the types of metabolites formed. Based on information gained from radiometabolism studies (reviewed in this paper), we recently developed and successfully validated different enzyme immunoassays that enable the noninvasive measurement of groups of cortisol or corticosterone metabolites in animal feces. The determination of these metabolites in fecal samples can be used as a powerful tool to monitor GC production in various species of domestic, wildlife, and laboratory animals.
Binding and clearance of radioactive adrenaline and noradrenaline in sheep blood. Veterinary Rese... more Binding and clearance of radioactive adrenaline and noradrenaline in sheep blood. Veterinary Research Communications, 30(3), 423^432
Pakistan journal of biological sciences : PJBS, 2010
Embryonated egg is an ideal, environment in which to investigate the effects of incubation temper... more Embryonated egg is an ideal, environment in which to investigate the effects of incubation temperature on the development of the chick embryo. The objective of the current study were to investigate the effect of increasing the incubation temperature of chick embryo by 1.2 degrees C for 7 days (ED4 to ED11) on the body movement and mass of native saudi chick embryo. This objective was extended to examine the influence of pre-hatching temperature on post-hatching growth. Therefore, a total of 180 hatching egg of native Saudi chicken divided into two equal groups incubated at temperature 37.5 degrees C. The incubation temperature was raised to 38.7 degrees C from ED4 to ED11 in treated group before being returned to the control group incubation temperature (37.5 degrees C). The study revealed that elevating the incubation temperature of the eggs of native Saudi chicken by just 1.2 degrees C, from 37.5 to 38.7 degrees C, during embryonic days (ED) 4-11 causes significant increase in emb...
The current study was carried out to compare some biochemical and hormonal constituents in follic... more The current study was carried out to compare some biochemical and hormonal constituents in follicular fluids from oversized follicles, preovulatory follicles, and serum in camels (Camelus dromedarius). Follicular fluids from oversized follicles (N = 10), preovulatory follicles (N = 10), and sera were harvested from 20 dromedaries. The follicular fluids and sera were subjected to biochemical and hormonal analysis. The results indicated no significant differences in the concentrations of ascorbic acid, glucose, cholesterol, acid phosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase between follicular fluid from oversized follicles and preovulatory follicles. In addition, there were no significant variations in the level of ascorbic acid, glucose, cholesterol, and acid phosphatase in the serum of animals with oversized follicles and those with preovulatory follicles. Serum alkaline phosphatase was significantly greater (P < 0.05) in camels with oversized follicles. The concentrations of estradiol-17β (E2) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the follicular fluid of oversized follicles were significantly lower (P < 0.01) than that from preovulatory follicles. There were no differences in the concentrations of progesterone, tri-iodothyronine, and thyroxin between follicular fluid from oversized follicles and that of preovulatory follicles. The concentrations of E2, progesterone, tri-iodothyronine, thyroxin, cortisol, and IGF-1 were not different in the serum of camels with oversized follicles and camels with preovulatory follicles. The current study revealed that the significant differences of biochemical and hormonal constituents between follicular fluids from oversized follicles and preovulatory follicles were restricted on E2 and IGF-1. Relaying on the aforementioned outcome we can suggest that oversized follicle phenomenon is a form of follicular atresia of anovulatory follicles.
In many species of birds, normal values for hematological and biochemical factors were measured a... more In many species of birds, normal values for hematological and biochemical factors were measured and data base was established as their blood-profiles. In local Saudi chicken, measurement of serum biochemical values, which are important for diagnosis of clinical signs and symptoms when affected by diseases, are limited. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate serum's biochemical values of local Saudi chicken. Therefore, forty chicks (1 month old; 20 males and 20 females) and another forty chicks (3 month old; 20 males and 20 females) were obtained from the farm of the Veterinary Research Station, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia and used as materials in the study. Blood samples were collected from all birds and the harvested sera were kept frozen at -20 degrees C until the time of analysis. The present findings indicated no significant difference (p > 0.05) of all examined biochemical parameters between male and female chickens or young and old birds. Interestingly, all investigated biochemical parameters in these chickens were lower than the recorded reference values of other birds except for glucose which exhibited higher values than the reference. The reported lower serum cholesterol and triacylglcerol concentrations might be reflected on their concentrations in meat and protecting human beings from atherosclerosis. Therefore, estimation of lipid profile in these birds is recommended for future study.
Testicles were isolated from thirty five apparently healthy dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius... more Testicles were isolated from thirty five apparently healthy dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius), aged between 5 to 18 years, in a local slaughterhouse during the rutting season. Epididymal fluid was collected from one epididymis for determination of twelve biochemical and antioxidant parameters using ELISA commercial kits. Spermatozoa were harvested from each region of the other epididymis (head, body and tail) and stored in SHOTOR ® , Green buffer ® ϩ 20% egg yolk and INRA-96 ® extenders at 5 and 30°C. Results revealed that, in the epididymal fluid, concentrations of testosterone, glucose, albumin, total protein, cholesterol, fatty acids, iron, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were 5.19 Ϯ 1.69 ng/mL, 3.10 Ϯ 0.41 mmol/L, 6.26 Ϯ 1.26 g/dL, 0.50 Ϯ 0.07 mg/dL, 1.74 Ϯ 0.09 mmol/L, 6.62 Ϯ 0.81 nmol/ul, 926.20 Ϯ 100.18 ug/dL, 51.17 Ϯ 7.74 mIU/ml, and 143.16 Ϯ 18.67 mIU/ml, respectively. The antioxidants activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the epididymal fluid were 121.55 Ϯ 6.57 nmol/min/ml, 59.35 Ϯ 10.98 nmol/min/ml and 0.18 Ϯ 0.03 U/ml, respectively. Epididymal sperm motility and concentration were higher (P Ͻ 0.05) in the body and tail than the head. The viability indices of total and forward sperm motility, at 5 and 30°C, obtained from the tail region were superior (P Ͻ 0.05) in both SHOTOR ® and INRA-96 ® extenders than Green buffer extender. It may be concluded that INRA-96 ® extender is the best for storing dromedary epididymal spermatozoa at 5 and 30°C. Crown
The effect of immunization against gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) on sexual behavior, tot... more The effect of immunization against gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) on sexual behavior, total scrotal size, semen characteristics and serum concentrations of testosterone, was evaluated for 24 wks in sexually mature camels (Camelus dromedarius). Eight bull camels were randomly divided into a treatment and control group. Four male camels were immunized using 2 mg GnRH - tandem-dimer conjugated to ovalbumin, (Pepscan Systems, the Netherlands) administered subcutaneously, 4 wks apart. Control male camels received the same amount of saline solution. Significant decline in serum testosterone level was observed in three immunized camels out of four, whereas one camel showed no effect. The testosterone levels reached to <1.0 ng/mL serum by week 4 after booster injection and remained suppressed through the course of the study. The total testicular volume was not affected until the end of the experiment. In treated animals, the sexual behavior negatively affected after the booster injection. Anti-GnRH vaccine had a seriously detrimental effect on the acrosin amidase activity and normal acrosome percentages in treated male camels. It is concluded that the vaccine was effective in reducing serum testosterone levels and libido, and it had a serious harmful effect on the acrosin amidase activity and percentages of spermatozoa with normal acrosome. The immunogen did not affect the total testicular volume.
We report on the magnetic properties of an individual, high-quality single-crystalline iron nanow... more We report on the magnetic properties of an individual, high-quality single-crystalline iron nanowire with diameter d = 26 nm. The nanowire is embedded in a carbon nanotube which provides complete shielding against oxidation. Magnetization reversal is associated with domain wall formation where domain nucleation is initiated by curling. The observed nucleation fields of up to 900 mT are much higher than reported previously and nearly reach the shape anisotropy field of iron nanowires.
A multitude of endocrine mechanisms are involved in coping with challenges. Front-line hormones t... more A multitude of endocrine mechanisms are involved in coping with challenges. Front-line hormones to overcome stressful situations are glucocorticoids (GCs) and catecholamines (CAs). These hormones are usually determined in plasma samples as parameters of adrenal activity and thus of disturbance. GCs (and CAs) are extensively metabolized and excreted afterwards. Therefore, the concentration of GCs (or their metabolites) can be measured in various body fluids or excreta. Above all, fecal samples offer the advantages of easy collection and a feedback-free sampling procedure. However, large differences exist among species regarding the route and time course of excretion, as well as the types of metabolites formed. Based on information gained from radiometabolism studies (reviewed in this paper), we recently developed and successfully validated different enzyme immunoassays that enable the noninvasive measurement of groups of cortisol or corticosterone metabolites in animal feces. The determination of these metabolites in fecal samples can be used as a powerful tool to monitor GC production in various species of domestic, wildlife, and laboratory animals.
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