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Rudra Pal

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Papers by Rudra Pal

Student psychology and social group optimizations based modified synchronous reference frame control topology for PV-DSTATCOM

Electric Power Systems Research

Optimizing the Order of Modulation for Minimized Distortion in Green Communication Networks

2018 IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Computing and Communication Technologies (CONECCT), 2018

Energy is required for transmission of data over a wireless channel. This energy can be obtained ... more Energy is required for transmission of data over a wireless channel. This energy can be obtained using fixed batteries or via harvesting energy. In this paper, we optimize the energy distribution to minimize the overall distortion in a wireless network. The network model has energy harvesting nodes which transmit data in a time division multiple access (TDMA) scheme. First, we establish a relation between allocated energy and normalized minimum distortion by assuming a fixed battery system. We then use this relation to optimize the energy distribution to minimize overall distortion in an energy harvesting system. Following that, we incorporate path loss in our model and simulate the system to decide the optimum order of quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), given a bit error rate threshold. This work not only models efficient usage of harvested energy but also ensures optimal utilization of the available bandwidth, while minimizing overall distortion.

Credit Card Fraud Detection Using Soft Computing

Studies in Autonomic, Data-driven and Industrial Computing, 2021

Measuring Semantic Similarity for Bengali Tweets Using WordNet

Similarity between natural language texts, sentences in terms of meaning, known as textual entail... more Similarity between natural language texts, sentences in terms of meaning, known as textual entailment, is a generic problem in the area of computational linguistics. In the last few years researchers worked on various aspects of textual entailment problem, but mostly restricted to English language. Here in this paper we present a method for measuring the semantic similarity of Bengali tweets using WordNet. Moreover we defined partial textual entailment (PTE) as in real data partial entailment cases are equally prevalent with the complete/direct entailment. Although by definition entailment is a directional relationship, but here we consider entailment more as semantic similarity.

A comparative analysis of visual and thermal face image fusion based on different wavelet family

2017 International Conference on Innovations in Electronics, Signal Processing and Communication (IESC), 2017

To diminish the limitations of the visual and thermal face images, a fusion of them is carried ou... more To diminish the limitations of the visual and thermal face images, a fusion of them is carried out in order to upgrade the performance. This paper presents fusion based on maximum selection of DB4 wavelet coefficients of visual and thermal images. The dimensions of these fused images are reduced using ICA and these low dimension fused images are classified with the help of SVM. The experimental result of fusion gives approximately 2% and 6% more accuracy than the visual and thermal images respectively for both expression and illumination of IRIS datasets. Further this work is extended with a comparative study of fusion methods based on some other wavelet decompositions such as Haar/DB2, Coiflets, and Symlets. In addition to that, a comparison between two ICA architectures and PCA is also carried out over wavelet fusion methods. It has been noticed that maximum information, classification accuracy, and less error acheieved for haar/db2 fused images.

Knowledge and Perception of Sexual Behaviors and Sexuality Education among Adolescents in Imphal City, Manipur- A Cross-Sectional Study

Indian Journal of Youth and Adolescent Health, 2015

Background: The World Health Organization defines adolescents as those belonging to the age group... more Background: The World Health Organization defines adolescents as those belonging to the age group of 10-19 years old. Nevertheless, adolescence should be considered a phase rather than a fixed age group, with physical, social, psychological and cultural dimensions. This is indeed a transition period between childhood and adulthood where special attention is required. Due to unawareness, peer pressure and misinformation they become confuse and indulge in high risk behaviors. The objective of this study is to determine the knowledge and perception of sexual behavior and sexuality education among adolescents and also to determine the association between knowledge regarding HIV/ AIDS and selected variables. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 420 students of class X-XII from four schools of Imphal and undergraduate 1 st year MBBS, BDS and Nursing students of RIMS, Imphal, Manipur during 3 rd - 24 th April 2014. Data was collected through self administered questionnaire ...

A Novel Retransmission Scheme for HARQ Enhancement in NOMA Based LTE systems

2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), 2019

Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard aims for high data rate transmission in the order of several h... more Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard aims for high data rate transmission in the order of several hundreds of Mbps. Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) transmission is proposed in LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems to increase the cell throughput. NOMA based transmission allows the eNodeB (eNB) to multiplex the different users' signals in power domain in a frequency-time grid. In this paper, a novel Hybrid Automatic Repeat and reQuest (HARQ) scheme is proposed for NOMA based transmission. In the proposed method, power level of users are adjusted dynamically in re-transmissions in order to reduce the number of attempts for successful transmission of packets. This will increase the overall cell throughput and reduce power consumption at UE. The proposed method is applied on the Incremental Redundancy (IR) form of HARQ scheme. System level simulations are carried out by considering LTE system parameters. Based on the results, the proposed method improves the cell throughput by reducing the number of retransmissions in HARQ process considerably.

A novel population based maximum point tracking algorithm to overcome partial shading issues in solar photovoltaic technology

Energy Conversion and Management, 2021

Abstract Maximum power point (MPP) tracking (MPPT) is a crucial aspect of photovoltaic (PV) techn... more Abstract Maximum power point (MPP) tracking (MPPT) is a crucial aspect of photovoltaic (PV) technology for operating in an optimum location throughout the day. The bypass diodes are connected across series connected PV modules to avoid the hotspot phenomenon resulting in multiple peaks in the power-voltage (P-V) curve during partial shading conditions. Under this situation, tracking of global MPP (GMPP) for PV system by conventional approach is incompetent. Thus, a global MPPT controller is designed based on a novel population based algorithm, student psychology based optimization (SPBO), to enhance the overall performance of the 4S and the 3S configurations of the PV array. The effectiveness and the feasibility of SPBO algorithm for catching the GMPP are verified under several shadow arrangements. For proving effectiveness, the simulation results of SPBO are compared with human behaviour based optimization, improved chaotic particle swarm optimization (PSO), PSO, fuzzy logic control and teaching–learning based optimization. The proposed SPBO algorithm is able to successfully catch the GMPP under different weather scenarios and exhibits superior performance in terms of iteration, tracking time and efficiency. However, the temperature variation marginally affects the tracking efficiency of the SPBO method. This analysis is performed on the 4S configuration of the PV array. For better justification of the concept of stability, statistical analysis is also conducted on the 3S configuration of PV array separately.

Meta-Heuristic Algorithms-Tuned Elman vs. Jordan Recurrent Neural Networks for Modeling of Electron Beam Welding Process

Neural Processing Letters, 2021

A boost in the preference of high energy beam, such as electron beam, laser beam etc. has led to ... more A boost in the preference of high energy beam, such as electron beam, laser beam etc. has led to the requirement of its automation through accurate input–output modelling. Modeling of electron beam welding is conducted in the present study through Elman and Jordan recurrent neural networks (RNNs), both having a single feed-back loop, to meet the said requirement. The RNNs are trained using some nature-inspired optimization tools, namely cuckoo search, firefly, flower pollination, and crow search utilizing input–output welding data, obtained from a computational fluid dynamics-based heat transfer and fluid flow welding model. RNN predictions are validated through real experiments. Thus, the effect of change in the position of the feed-back loop on the accuracy of prediction of RNNs is investigated. In addition, a few popular statistical tests have been used to evaluate the performances of the RNNs tuned by various optimization algorithms, where flower pollination-tuned Jordan RNN is observed to yield the best results.

A novel method to reduce dross in laser beam cutting of Ti-6Al-4 V alloy sheet

Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2021

Abstract During the laser cutting of Ti-6Al-4 V sheets, different dross heights are obtained for ... more Abstract During the laser cutting of Ti-6Al-4 V sheets, different dross heights are obtained for different thicknesses of the sheet. The maximum value of normalized dross height (= dross height per unit thickness of laser cut sheet), calculated from reported data, was 0.155. In the present investigation, the maximum normalized dross height, obtained by use of an additional nozzle (secondary gas-flow nozzle) and by parametric optimization through Teaching–Learning-based algorithm, was 0.053. The present study shows that the conventional set-up for laser beam cutting of Ti-6Al-4 V alloy, i.e., cutting with co-axial assist gas flow, may not be able to reduce the dross height completely. However, it was observed that the use of a secondary gas-flow nozzle, in tandem with the co-axial nozzle, i.e., a modified set-up, was able to reduce the dross height due to the shearing action of the argon jet flow directed at the dross. The thrust force of the argon jet acting on the dross has been estimated in the present study using analytical equations and was found to be 76.17 gf. When the longitudinal profile of cut surface was mapped using a laser displacement sensor, it was observed that the roughness of the cut surface obtained using the modified set-up was found to be less (i.e., approximately half) as compared to that obtained in case of the conventional set-up. In addition to the dross height, straightness of the cut sample (kerf wall convexity) was also taken into account for optimization.

Metaheuristic based comparative MPPT methods for photovoltaic technology under partial shading condition

Energy, 2020

The characteristic of the photovoltaic (PV) system during partial shading condition comprises of ... more The characteristic of the photovoltaic (PV) system during partial shading condition comprises of one global peak and multiple local peaks. It is, therefore, very difficult to track maximum power from the PV arrays. Traditional maximum power point (MPP) tracking (MPPT) algorithms are commonly limited to uniform irradiance condition. In this manuscript, the problem under study is the tracking of maximum power from a PV array in real-time system. Consequently, this paper proposes an improved chaotic PSO (CPSO) (ICPSO) for extracting maximum power from the PV array under various environmental conditions. In the algorithm, chaotic mutation is engrafted to overcome trapping of normal PSO into local MPPs. Moreover, tracking time, number of iteration and efficiency are also improved considerably by the proposed algorithm. ICPSO based simulation results under four different irradiance patterns for each PV array configuration (such as 3S1P and 4S2P) are verified against PSO, improved PSO, CPSO, cuckoo search, and perturb and observed algorithm. The obtained results also ensure that the tracking efficiency of the proposed technique is better than the other approaches in most of the cases, which leads better outlook to use this technique in the control block for searching the global MPP of the PV setup.

Exploring the Partial Textual Entailment Problem for Bengali News Texts

Research in Computing Science, 2014

Formal definition textual entailment implies strict meaning relationship of meaning in its totali... more Formal definition textual entailment implies strict meaning relationship of meaning in its totality between text (T) and hypothesis (H). Even if the text have main ideas of a hypothesis, but lacks minor information or have additional information then treated as an entirely unrelated text. In these cases we are left with no sense of how close (T, H) were to entailment. In various applications of entailment, major attention has given on strict entailment only. However, in reality strict entailment cases are relatively lower in compared to partial entailment cases, are prevalent. We introduce the idea of partial entailment in this paper and defining it empirically. We have developed corpus and finally proposed baseline architecture for automatic identification of partial textual entailment. This work is on Bengali news texts.

Existing practice of perioperative management of colorectal surgeries in a regional cancer institute and compliance with ERAS guidelines

Indian Journal of Anaesthesia, 2019

Background and Aims: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol in colorectal surgery has be... more Background and Aims: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol in colorectal surgery has been shown to result in reduced rates of postoperative complications and length of stay (LOS) in the hospital. Although there is clear guideline and evidences available, their implementation into daily clinical practice faces some difficulties. We aimed to audit the existing practice of perioperative care in colorectal surgeries and find out the adherence to ERAS protocol. Methods: We collected data from medical record of 215 patients undergoing colorectal surgery in a regional cancer institute of eastern India. The patient data were retrospectively collected, which included, demographic data, adherence to major components of ERAS pathway, postoperative complications, and length of hospital stay. Results: The median LOS after surgery was 9 days (interquartile range [IQR] 6-12.75). Approximately, 15% patients had postoperative complications. We found good adherence (more than 80%) to certain elements of ERAS such as preoperative counseling and nutritional assessments, selective bowel preparation, antibiotic and antithrombotic prophylaxis, etc. Conclusion: The audit revealed that compliance to individual ERAS elements were variable, which needed urgent modification for better adherence to ERAS guidelines.

Diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy for evaluation of infertility: Our experience in a tertiary Care Hospital

Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences, 2018

The objective of this study is to analyze the role of diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy (DHL) for eva... more The objective of this study is to analyze the role of diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy (DHL) for evaluation of infertility in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted from July 2014 to June 2016. Results: Out of 151 patients, 58.28% and 41.72% had primary and secondary infertility, respectively. In primary infertility group 37.5% and in secondary infertility group 49.2% had abnormal findings. Most common finding was adnexal adhesions (pelvic inflammatory disease) and laparoscopic findings were more common than the hysteroscopic ones. Conclusion: DHL was helpful in finding some reversible causes of infertility such as adnexal adhesions, tubal blockade, and uterine synechiae, etc.

Nature-Inspired Optimization Algorithm-Tuned Feed-Forward and Recurrent Neural Networks Using CFD-Based Phenomenological Model-Generated Data to Model the EBW Process

Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2019

To automate the electron beam welding process, the identification of its contributing parameters ... more To automate the electron beam welding process, the identification of its contributing parameters is a must, for which it is required to establish the input-output correlations in both forward and reverse directions as accurately as possible. In the present investigation, both feed-forward and recurrent neural networks are developed for the said purposes, which have been trained using the welding data collected from an existing computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based phenomenological model with the help of some natured-inspired optimization tools like cuckoo search, firefly, flower pollination, crow search algorithms, particle swarm optimization, covariance adaptation evolution strategy and spider monkey optimization, separately. The results of the trained networks have been validated using some real experimental data. The novelty of this study lies with the applications of these newly developed nature-inspired optimization algorithms to tune the neural networks using the CFD-based phenomenological model-generated welding data. In addition, the performances of these neural networks tuned using the said nature-inspired optimization algorithms have been compared through some statistical tests. In general, flower pollination-tuned recurrent neural network is found to provide the best predictions.

A review on micro-electron beam welding with a modernized SEM: Process, applications, trends and future prospect

Journal of Micromanufacturing, 2019

Electron beam welding (EBW) is a well-established joining method in the field of manufacturing. I... more Electron beam welding (EBW) is a well-established joining method in the field of manufacturing. If this technology is downscaled to a micro-level (i.e., micro-EBW (µ-EBW)), it will be able to solve a variety of problems. The necessity of adopting µ-EBW technology lies with the fact that it can be used from micro-mechanical fabrication to micro-electronics components joining, micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS), medical instrument, etc. µ-EBW has some special properties like the possibility of obtaining exact focussing of the beam and conducting measurement up to micrometer level, accurate control of energy input, inertia-free manipulation, high-frequency oscillation movement and ability to work under high vacuum chamber. µ-EBW has several important applications like micro-joining and micro-fabrication, which is welding of dissimilar materials. This article deals with a review of the recent developments, significant applications, and advantages of µ-EBW, multiple modes of joining ...

Experimental investigation and parametric optimization in abrasive jet machining on nickel 233 alloy using WASPAS and MOORA

Cogent Engineering, 2018

This article correspond to a multi criterion decision making approach, compared with Multi-Object... more This article correspond to a multi criterion decision making approach, compared with Multi-Objective Optimization on the Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) and ratio analysis (MOORA) to optimize different interconnected responses during Abrasive jet machining (AJM) process of Nickel 233 alloy. The response parameters preferred are the average material removal rate (MRR) surface roughness (Ra) and Taper angle (Ta). The entire of them have been calculated in terms of injecting pressure, standoff distance, and abrasive grain size. The proposed technique Weighted Aggregated Product Sum Assessment technique is investigation of parametric optimization on AJM process. The outcome acquired using the WASPAS method demonstrate perfect parallel with those obtained by the ratio analysis (MOORA) method which confirms the applicability and potentiality of these MCDM methods for resolving compound AJM process parameter selection problems.

Phenomenological model-based study on electron beam welding process, and input-output modeling using neural networks trained by back-propagation algorithm, genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization algorithm and bat algorithm

Applied Intelligence, 2017

High power density welding technologies are widely used nowadays in various fields of engineering... more High power density welding technologies are widely used nowadays in various fields of engineering. However, a computationally efficient and quick predictive tool to select the operating parameters in order to achieve the specified weld attribute is conspicuously missing in the literature. In the present study, a computationally efficient inverse model has been developed using artificial neural networks (ANNs). These ANNs have been trained with the outputs of physics-based phenomenological model using back-propagation (BP) algorithm, genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and bat algorithm (BA) separately to develop both the forward and reverse models. Unlike data driven ANN model, such approach is unique and yet based on science. Power, welding speed, beam radius and power distribution factor have been considered as input process parameters, and four weld attributes, such as length of the pool, depth of penetration of the pool, half-width of the pool and cooling time are treated as the responses. The predicted outputs of both the forward and reverse models are found to be in good agreement with the experimental results. The novelty of this study

Effect of Intravenous Clonidine as Premedication on Haemodynamic Response During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2017

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic approach has revolution in the surgical field, first introduced by Philli... more BACKGROUND Laparoscopic approach has revolution in the surgical field, first introduced by Phillipe Mouret for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 1987. 1 During laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to pneumoperitoneum, position of patient may adversely affect the haemodynamic and ventilator parameters. During laparoscopic cholecystectomy, there were chances of haemodynamic instability and cardiovascular changes right from the pre-operative to post-operative period too. Both mechanical and neurohumoral factors, increased intra-abdominal pressure contribute to haemodynamic instability and Catecholamines mediate increase in Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) during PNO. It stimulates a series of hormonal and metabolic changes that constitute stress response. Clonidine is centrally acting selective partial alpha2 adrenoceptor agonist that acts by reducing responsiveness of peripheral vessels to vasoactive substances and to sympathetic stimulation having sedative, anxiolytic, stress reducing, anaesthetic and analgesic properties. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of intravenous clonidine as premedication on reduction of perioperative stress response, maintaining haemodynamic stability and on modulation of postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS After approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee of Agartala Govt. Medical College and GBP Hospital, patient with ASA physical status I and II scheduled to undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy from Jan. 2012 to Dec. 2012, where 100 patients are divided into two groups (Group C-have received intravenous clonidine 1.5 microgram/kg body wt. before induction and Group Shave received intravenous saline before induction). Heart rate, mean arterial pressure, systolic and diastolic BP, oxygen saturation percentage and end tidal CO2 measured. RESULTS Hence mean HR, systolic BP, diastolic BP were comparable among the groups during pre-operative, after infusion of drug, after induction, 5 mins. after release of pneumoperitoneum and post-operatively 5 mins. after extubation and statistically significant difference was found at most of the time in mean HR between the two groups after intubation, 1 min, 10 mins., 20 mins., 30 mins. and 40 mins. of creating pneumoperitoneum. Post-operative analgesia by VAS scores are significantly lower in clonidine group (p < 0.05) without the use of analgesic for up to 4 hours, whereas in control group with the use of analgesic VAS scores are higher. CONCLUSION Intravenous clonidine at 1.5 µcg/kg as premedication maintains heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure as it gives more haemodynamic stability, which also reduces VAS scores and prolongs the requirement of first postoperative analgesic.

Experimental investigations, input-output modeling and optimization for electron beam welding of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy plates

The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2015

The present study aims to determine the set of optimum process parameters in order to minimize sp... more The present study aims to determine the set of optimum process parameters in order to minimize spiking during bead-on-plate welding of ETP copper plates using electron beam. Accelerating voltage, beam current, welding speed, focus distance, amplitude and frequency of oscillations were considered as the input design variables. The spiking was characterized in terms of average penetration and standard deviation of penetration. Statistical regression analysis was conducted to correlate the spiking phenomena with the input parameters of electron beam welding. The reasons behind the spiking phenomenon and the associated porosity defects were also explained. This unconstrained optimization problem was solved using genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, and desirability function approach in order to maximize weld penetration and minimize standard deviation of penetration. The obtained optimized results were verified through real experiments and a good agreement between them was achieved. Genetic algorithm was found to perform slightly better than other approaches.

Student psychology and social group optimizations based modified synchronous reference frame control topology for PV-DSTATCOM

Electric Power Systems Research

Optimizing the Order of Modulation for Minimized Distortion in Green Communication Networks

2018 IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Computing and Communication Technologies (CONECCT), 2018

Energy is required for transmission of data over a wireless channel. This energy can be obtained ... more Energy is required for transmission of data over a wireless channel. This energy can be obtained using fixed batteries or via harvesting energy. In this paper, we optimize the energy distribution to minimize the overall distortion in a wireless network. The network model has energy harvesting nodes which transmit data in a time division multiple access (TDMA) scheme. First, we establish a relation between allocated energy and normalized minimum distortion by assuming a fixed battery system. We then use this relation to optimize the energy distribution to minimize overall distortion in an energy harvesting system. Following that, we incorporate path loss in our model and simulate the system to decide the optimum order of quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), given a bit error rate threshold. This work not only models efficient usage of harvested energy but also ensures optimal utilization of the available bandwidth, while minimizing overall distortion.

Credit Card Fraud Detection Using Soft Computing

Studies in Autonomic, Data-driven and Industrial Computing, 2021

Measuring Semantic Similarity for Bengali Tweets Using WordNet

Similarity between natural language texts, sentences in terms of meaning, known as textual entail... more Similarity between natural language texts, sentences in terms of meaning, known as textual entailment, is a generic problem in the area of computational linguistics. In the last few years researchers worked on various aspects of textual entailment problem, but mostly restricted to English language. Here in this paper we present a method for measuring the semantic similarity of Bengali tweets using WordNet. Moreover we defined partial textual entailment (PTE) as in real data partial entailment cases are equally prevalent with the complete/direct entailment. Although by definition entailment is a directional relationship, but here we consider entailment more as semantic similarity.

A comparative analysis of visual and thermal face image fusion based on different wavelet family

2017 International Conference on Innovations in Electronics, Signal Processing and Communication (IESC), 2017

To diminish the limitations of the visual and thermal face images, a fusion of them is carried ou... more To diminish the limitations of the visual and thermal face images, a fusion of them is carried out in order to upgrade the performance. This paper presents fusion based on maximum selection of DB4 wavelet coefficients of visual and thermal images. The dimensions of these fused images are reduced using ICA and these low dimension fused images are classified with the help of SVM. The experimental result of fusion gives approximately 2% and 6% more accuracy than the visual and thermal images respectively for both expression and illumination of IRIS datasets. Further this work is extended with a comparative study of fusion methods based on some other wavelet decompositions such as Haar/DB2, Coiflets, and Symlets. In addition to that, a comparison between two ICA architectures and PCA is also carried out over wavelet fusion methods. It has been noticed that maximum information, classification accuracy, and less error acheieved for haar/db2 fused images.

Knowledge and Perception of Sexual Behaviors and Sexuality Education among Adolescents in Imphal City, Manipur- A Cross-Sectional Study

Indian Journal of Youth and Adolescent Health, 2015

Background: The World Health Organization defines adolescents as those belonging to the age group... more Background: The World Health Organization defines adolescents as those belonging to the age group of 10-19 years old. Nevertheless, adolescence should be considered a phase rather than a fixed age group, with physical, social, psychological and cultural dimensions. This is indeed a transition period between childhood and adulthood where special attention is required. Due to unawareness, peer pressure and misinformation they become confuse and indulge in high risk behaviors. The objective of this study is to determine the knowledge and perception of sexual behavior and sexuality education among adolescents and also to determine the association between knowledge regarding HIV/ AIDS and selected variables. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 420 students of class X-XII from four schools of Imphal and undergraduate 1 st year MBBS, BDS and Nursing students of RIMS, Imphal, Manipur during 3 rd - 24 th April 2014. Data was collected through self administered questionnaire ...

A Novel Retransmission Scheme for HARQ Enhancement in NOMA Based LTE systems

2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), 2019

Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard aims for high data rate transmission in the order of several h... more Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard aims for high data rate transmission in the order of several hundreds of Mbps. Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) transmission is proposed in LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems to increase the cell throughput. NOMA based transmission allows the eNodeB (eNB) to multiplex the different users' signals in power domain in a frequency-time grid. In this paper, a novel Hybrid Automatic Repeat and reQuest (HARQ) scheme is proposed for NOMA based transmission. In the proposed method, power level of users are adjusted dynamically in re-transmissions in order to reduce the number of attempts for successful transmission of packets. This will increase the overall cell throughput and reduce power consumption at UE. The proposed method is applied on the Incremental Redundancy (IR) form of HARQ scheme. System level simulations are carried out by considering LTE system parameters. Based on the results, the proposed method improves the cell throughput by reducing the number of retransmissions in HARQ process considerably.

A novel population based maximum point tracking algorithm to overcome partial shading issues in solar photovoltaic technology

Energy Conversion and Management, 2021

Abstract Maximum power point (MPP) tracking (MPPT) is a crucial aspect of photovoltaic (PV) techn... more Abstract Maximum power point (MPP) tracking (MPPT) is a crucial aspect of photovoltaic (PV) technology for operating in an optimum location throughout the day. The bypass diodes are connected across series connected PV modules to avoid the hotspot phenomenon resulting in multiple peaks in the power-voltage (P-V) curve during partial shading conditions. Under this situation, tracking of global MPP (GMPP) for PV system by conventional approach is incompetent. Thus, a global MPPT controller is designed based on a novel population based algorithm, student psychology based optimization (SPBO), to enhance the overall performance of the 4S and the 3S configurations of the PV array. The effectiveness and the feasibility of SPBO algorithm for catching the GMPP are verified under several shadow arrangements. For proving effectiveness, the simulation results of SPBO are compared with human behaviour based optimization, improved chaotic particle swarm optimization (PSO), PSO, fuzzy logic control and teaching–learning based optimization. The proposed SPBO algorithm is able to successfully catch the GMPP under different weather scenarios and exhibits superior performance in terms of iteration, tracking time and efficiency. However, the temperature variation marginally affects the tracking efficiency of the SPBO method. This analysis is performed on the 4S configuration of the PV array. For better justification of the concept of stability, statistical analysis is also conducted on the 3S configuration of PV array separately.

Meta-Heuristic Algorithms-Tuned Elman vs. Jordan Recurrent Neural Networks for Modeling of Electron Beam Welding Process

Neural Processing Letters, 2021

A boost in the preference of high energy beam, such as electron beam, laser beam etc. has led to ... more A boost in the preference of high energy beam, such as electron beam, laser beam etc. has led to the requirement of its automation through accurate input–output modelling. Modeling of electron beam welding is conducted in the present study through Elman and Jordan recurrent neural networks (RNNs), both having a single feed-back loop, to meet the said requirement. The RNNs are trained using some nature-inspired optimization tools, namely cuckoo search, firefly, flower pollination, and crow search utilizing input–output welding data, obtained from a computational fluid dynamics-based heat transfer and fluid flow welding model. RNN predictions are validated through real experiments. Thus, the effect of change in the position of the feed-back loop on the accuracy of prediction of RNNs is investigated. In addition, a few popular statistical tests have been used to evaluate the performances of the RNNs tuned by various optimization algorithms, where flower pollination-tuned Jordan RNN is observed to yield the best results.

A novel method to reduce dross in laser beam cutting of Ti-6Al-4 V alloy sheet

Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2021

Abstract During the laser cutting of Ti-6Al-4 V sheets, different dross heights are obtained for ... more Abstract During the laser cutting of Ti-6Al-4 V sheets, different dross heights are obtained for different thicknesses of the sheet. The maximum value of normalized dross height (= dross height per unit thickness of laser cut sheet), calculated from reported data, was 0.155. In the present investigation, the maximum normalized dross height, obtained by use of an additional nozzle (secondary gas-flow nozzle) and by parametric optimization through Teaching–Learning-based algorithm, was 0.053. The present study shows that the conventional set-up for laser beam cutting of Ti-6Al-4 V alloy, i.e., cutting with co-axial assist gas flow, may not be able to reduce the dross height completely. However, it was observed that the use of a secondary gas-flow nozzle, in tandem with the co-axial nozzle, i.e., a modified set-up, was able to reduce the dross height due to the shearing action of the argon jet flow directed at the dross. The thrust force of the argon jet acting on the dross has been estimated in the present study using analytical equations and was found to be 76.17 gf. When the longitudinal profile of cut surface was mapped using a laser displacement sensor, it was observed that the roughness of the cut surface obtained using the modified set-up was found to be less (i.e., approximately half) as compared to that obtained in case of the conventional set-up. In addition to the dross height, straightness of the cut sample (kerf wall convexity) was also taken into account for optimization.

Metaheuristic based comparative MPPT methods for photovoltaic technology under partial shading condition

Energy, 2020

The characteristic of the photovoltaic (PV) system during partial shading condition comprises of ... more The characteristic of the photovoltaic (PV) system during partial shading condition comprises of one global peak and multiple local peaks. It is, therefore, very difficult to track maximum power from the PV arrays. Traditional maximum power point (MPP) tracking (MPPT) algorithms are commonly limited to uniform irradiance condition. In this manuscript, the problem under study is the tracking of maximum power from a PV array in real-time system. Consequently, this paper proposes an improved chaotic PSO (CPSO) (ICPSO) for extracting maximum power from the PV array under various environmental conditions. In the algorithm, chaotic mutation is engrafted to overcome trapping of normal PSO into local MPPs. Moreover, tracking time, number of iteration and efficiency are also improved considerably by the proposed algorithm. ICPSO based simulation results under four different irradiance patterns for each PV array configuration (such as 3S1P and 4S2P) are verified against PSO, improved PSO, CPSO, cuckoo search, and perturb and observed algorithm. The obtained results also ensure that the tracking efficiency of the proposed technique is better than the other approaches in most of the cases, which leads better outlook to use this technique in the control block for searching the global MPP of the PV setup.

Exploring the Partial Textual Entailment Problem for Bengali News Texts

Research in Computing Science, 2014

Formal definition textual entailment implies strict meaning relationship of meaning in its totali... more Formal definition textual entailment implies strict meaning relationship of meaning in its totality between text (T) and hypothesis (H). Even if the text have main ideas of a hypothesis, but lacks minor information or have additional information then treated as an entirely unrelated text. In these cases we are left with no sense of how close (T, H) were to entailment. In various applications of entailment, major attention has given on strict entailment only. However, in reality strict entailment cases are relatively lower in compared to partial entailment cases, are prevalent. We introduce the idea of partial entailment in this paper and defining it empirically. We have developed corpus and finally proposed baseline architecture for automatic identification of partial textual entailment. This work is on Bengali news texts.

Existing practice of perioperative management of colorectal surgeries in a regional cancer institute and compliance with ERAS guidelines

Indian Journal of Anaesthesia, 2019

Background and Aims: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol in colorectal surgery has be... more Background and Aims: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol in colorectal surgery has been shown to result in reduced rates of postoperative complications and length of stay (LOS) in the hospital. Although there is clear guideline and evidences available, their implementation into daily clinical practice faces some difficulties. We aimed to audit the existing practice of perioperative care in colorectal surgeries and find out the adherence to ERAS protocol. Methods: We collected data from medical record of 215 patients undergoing colorectal surgery in a regional cancer institute of eastern India. The patient data were retrospectively collected, which included, demographic data, adherence to major components of ERAS pathway, postoperative complications, and length of hospital stay. Results: The median LOS after surgery was 9 days (interquartile range [IQR] 6-12.75). Approximately, 15% patients had postoperative complications. We found good adherence (more than 80%) to certain elements of ERAS such as preoperative counseling and nutritional assessments, selective bowel preparation, antibiotic and antithrombotic prophylaxis, etc. Conclusion: The audit revealed that compliance to individual ERAS elements were variable, which needed urgent modification for better adherence to ERAS guidelines.

Diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy for evaluation of infertility: Our experience in a tertiary Care Hospital

Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences, 2018

The objective of this study is to analyze the role of diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy (DHL) for eva... more The objective of this study is to analyze the role of diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy (DHL) for evaluation of infertility in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted from July 2014 to June 2016. Results: Out of 151 patients, 58.28% and 41.72% had primary and secondary infertility, respectively. In primary infertility group 37.5% and in secondary infertility group 49.2% had abnormal findings. Most common finding was adnexal adhesions (pelvic inflammatory disease) and laparoscopic findings were more common than the hysteroscopic ones. Conclusion: DHL was helpful in finding some reversible causes of infertility such as adnexal adhesions, tubal blockade, and uterine synechiae, etc.

Nature-Inspired Optimization Algorithm-Tuned Feed-Forward and Recurrent Neural Networks Using CFD-Based Phenomenological Model-Generated Data to Model the EBW Process

Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2019

To automate the electron beam welding process, the identification of its contributing parameters ... more To automate the electron beam welding process, the identification of its contributing parameters is a must, for which it is required to establish the input-output correlations in both forward and reverse directions as accurately as possible. In the present investigation, both feed-forward and recurrent neural networks are developed for the said purposes, which have been trained using the welding data collected from an existing computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based phenomenological model with the help of some natured-inspired optimization tools like cuckoo search, firefly, flower pollination, crow search algorithms, particle swarm optimization, covariance adaptation evolution strategy and spider monkey optimization, separately. The results of the trained networks have been validated using some real experimental data. The novelty of this study lies with the applications of these newly developed nature-inspired optimization algorithms to tune the neural networks using the CFD-based phenomenological model-generated welding data. In addition, the performances of these neural networks tuned using the said nature-inspired optimization algorithms have been compared through some statistical tests. In general, flower pollination-tuned recurrent neural network is found to provide the best predictions.

A review on micro-electron beam welding with a modernized SEM: Process, applications, trends and future prospect

Journal of Micromanufacturing, 2019

Electron beam welding (EBW) is a well-established joining method in the field of manufacturing. I... more Electron beam welding (EBW) is a well-established joining method in the field of manufacturing. If this technology is downscaled to a micro-level (i.e., micro-EBW (µ-EBW)), it will be able to solve a variety of problems. The necessity of adopting µ-EBW technology lies with the fact that it can be used from micro-mechanical fabrication to micro-electronics components joining, micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS), medical instrument, etc. µ-EBW has some special properties like the possibility of obtaining exact focussing of the beam and conducting measurement up to micrometer level, accurate control of energy input, inertia-free manipulation, high-frequency oscillation movement and ability to work under high vacuum chamber. µ-EBW has several important applications like micro-joining and micro-fabrication, which is welding of dissimilar materials. This article deals with a review of the recent developments, significant applications, and advantages of µ-EBW, multiple modes of joining ...

Experimental investigation and parametric optimization in abrasive jet machining on nickel 233 alloy using WASPAS and MOORA

Cogent Engineering, 2018

This article correspond to a multi criterion decision making approach, compared with Multi-Object... more This article correspond to a multi criterion decision making approach, compared with Multi-Objective Optimization on the Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) and ratio analysis (MOORA) to optimize different interconnected responses during Abrasive jet machining (AJM) process of Nickel 233 alloy. The response parameters preferred are the average material removal rate (MRR) surface roughness (Ra) and Taper angle (Ta). The entire of them have been calculated in terms of injecting pressure, standoff distance, and abrasive grain size. The proposed technique Weighted Aggregated Product Sum Assessment technique is investigation of parametric optimization on AJM process. The outcome acquired using the WASPAS method demonstrate perfect parallel with those obtained by the ratio analysis (MOORA) method which confirms the applicability and potentiality of these MCDM methods for resolving compound AJM process parameter selection problems.

Phenomenological model-based study on electron beam welding process, and input-output modeling using neural networks trained by back-propagation algorithm, genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization algorithm and bat algorithm

Applied Intelligence, 2017

High power density welding technologies are widely used nowadays in various fields of engineering... more High power density welding technologies are widely used nowadays in various fields of engineering. However, a computationally efficient and quick predictive tool to select the operating parameters in order to achieve the specified weld attribute is conspicuously missing in the literature. In the present study, a computationally efficient inverse model has been developed using artificial neural networks (ANNs). These ANNs have been trained with the outputs of physics-based phenomenological model using back-propagation (BP) algorithm, genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and bat algorithm (BA) separately to develop both the forward and reverse models. Unlike data driven ANN model, such approach is unique and yet based on science. Power, welding speed, beam radius and power distribution factor have been considered as input process parameters, and four weld attributes, such as length of the pool, depth of penetration of the pool, half-width of the pool and cooling time are treated as the responses. The predicted outputs of both the forward and reverse models are found to be in good agreement with the experimental results. The novelty of this study

Effect of Intravenous Clonidine as Premedication on Haemodynamic Response During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2017

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic approach has revolution in the surgical field, first introduced by Philli... more BACKGROUND Laparoscopic approach has revolution in the surgical field, first introduced by Phillipe Mouret for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 1987. 1 During laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to pneumoperitoneum, position of patient may adversely affect the haemodynamic and ventilator parameters. During laparoscopic cholecystectomy, there were chances of haemodynamic instability and cardiovascular changes right from the pre-operative to post-operative period too. Both mechanical and neurohumoral factors, increased intra-abdominal pressure contribute to haemodynamic instability and Catecholamines mediate increase in Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) during PNO. It stimulates a series of hormonal and metabolic changes that constitute stress response. Clonidine is centrally acting selective partial alpha2 adrenoceptor agonist that acts by reducing responsiveness of peripheral vessels to vasoactive substances and to sympathetic stimulation having sedative, anxiolytic, stress reducing, anaesthetic and analgesic properties. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of intravenous clonidine as premedication on reduction of perioperative stress response, maintaining haemodynamic stability and on modulation of postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS After approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee of Agartala Govt. Medical College and GBP Hospital, patient with ASA physical status I and II scheduled to undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy from Jan. 2012 to Dec. 2012, where 100 patients are divided into two groups (Group C-have received intravenous clonidine 1.5 microgram/kg body wt. before induction and Group Shave received intravenous saline before induction). Heart rate, mean arterial pressure, systolic and diastolic BP, oxygen saturation percentage and end tidal CO2 measured. RESULTS Hence mean HR, systolic BP, diastolic BP were comparable among the groups during pre-operative, after infusion of drug, after induction, 5 mins. after release of pneumoperitoneum and post-operatively 5 mins. after extubation and statistically significant difference was found at most of the time in mean HR between the two groups after intubation, 1 min, 10 mins., 20 mins., 30 mins. and 40 mins. of creating pneumoperitoneum. Post-operative analgesia by VAS scores are significantly lower in clonidine group (p < 0.05) without the use of analgesic for up to 4 hours, whereas in control group with the use of analgesic VAS scores are higher. CONCLUSION Intravenous clonidine at 1.5 µcg/kg as premedication maintains heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure as it gives more haemodynamic stability, which also reduces VAS scores and prolongs the requirement of first postoperative analgesic.

Experimental investigations, input-output modeling and optimization for electron beam welding of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy plates

The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2015

The present study aims to determine the set of optimum process parameters in order to minimize sp... more The present study aims to determine the set of optimum process parameters in order to minimize spiking during bead-on-plate welding of ETP copper plates using electron beam. Accelerating voltage, beam current, welding speed, focus distance, amplitude and frequency of oscillations were considered as the input design variables. The spiking was characterized in terms of average penetration and standard deviation of penetration. Statistical regression analysis was conducted to correlate the spiking phenomena with the input parameters of electron beam welding. The reasons behind the spiking phenomenon and the associated porosity defects were also explained. This unconstrained optimization problem was solved using genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, and desirability function approach in order to maximize weld penetration and minimize standard deviation of penetration. The obtained optimized results were verified through real experiments and a good agreement between them was achieved. Genetic algorithm was found to perform slightly better than other approaches.