RESUMEN Hoy en día, el uso de los suplementos alimenticios (SA) para mejorar el rendimiento depor... more RESUMEN Hoy en día, el uso de los suplementos alimenticios (SA) para mejorar el rendimiento deportivo y/o desarrollar músculo es una práctica muy común en personas que asisten a los gimnasios. La mayoría acude con amigos o entrenadores para su recomendación y no con una persona especializada. El propósito de este trabajo es estimar el porcentaje de uso de los SA. Para ello se aplicó un cuestionario a 129 mujeres y 132 hombres que regularmente acuden al gimnasio. Se utilizó el programa estadístico IBM SPSS Statistics versión 19.0. El 49.4% de los encuestados consumen suplementos alimenticios y su principal motivo es desarrollar músculo (51.9%). La proteína es el suplemento que más consumen (54.3%) y sólo el 20% ha acudido a un nutriólogo para su recomendación. Palabras clave: suplemento alimenticio, gimnasio, acondicionamiento físico. ALEJANDRINA BAUTISTA JACOBO*, RUBÉN MEJÍA NÚÑEZ, GRACIELA HOYOS RUIZ
Las mujeres profesionistas generalmente ganan menos que los profesionistas hombres. De aqui surge... more Las mujeres profesionistas generalmente ganan menos que los profesionistas hombres. De aqui surge la pregunta de si acaso las expectativas laborales son diferentes entre las y los estudiantes proximos a terminar la universidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer si las preferencias y expectativas laborales en estudiantes del ultimo ano de las carreras de contaduria y administracion, en una universidad mexicana, son diferentes entre los hombres y las mujeres. Se realizo un estudio cuantitativo, transversal y comparativo. Mediante una encuesta se identificaron las preferencias de los estudiantes acerca del tamano y tipo de empresa donde les gustaria trabajar al terminar a universidad, asi como el puesto al que aspirarian. Tambien se investigo su expectativa de salario. Los resultados mostraron que hombres y mujeres coincidian en su preferencia por trabajar en empresas grandes y privadas y en las expectativas salariales para el primer empleo. Por otro lado, los hombres senalaron m...
A method based on experimental data is proposed to optimize the energy harvesting of a silicone-o... more A method based on experimental data is proposed to optimize the energy harvesting of a silicone-on-glass Fresnel-lens based CPV system. It takes into account the spectral variations along the year in a particular location as well as the thermal and spectral sensitivities of the optics and solar cell. In addition, different alternatives to tune the top/middle subcells current ratio in a CPV module are analyzed and their capacity to maximize the annually produced energy is quantified.
ABSTRACT The effect of the wind speed and direction on the arrays in a 50 kW plant was analyzed a... more ABSTRACT The effect of the wind speed and direction on the arrays in a 50 kW plant was analyzed along several days. The wind is measured in different positions of the plant: the general plant meteorological station, the module's boundary layer and the close surroundings of the array. The averaged thermal resistance between the back of the module and the ambient is calculated and its dependence with the wind direction analyzed. Early results suggest that Northern wind has a better cooling effect than Western and Eastern winds.
Durante la semana del 20 al 24 de mayo de 2013, el Instituto de Sistemas Fotovoltaicos de Concent... more Durante la semana del 20 al 24 de mayo de 2013, el Instituto de Sistemas Fotovoltaicos de Concentración (ISFOC) acogió la 3ª edición de las jornadas de Intercomparación Radiométrica Solar, organizada en colaboración con el Joint Research Centre (Comisión Europea), con la participación de 19 instituciones de seis países de la Unión Europea, Israel y Estados Unidos.
ABSTRACT The first results of a Hybrid lighting-CPV prototype are presented. This new concept mix... more ABSTRACT The first results of a Hybrid lighting-CPV prototype are presented. This new concept mixes a classical CPV module with the production of light for illumination without a double conversion (solar energy to electricity and electricity to light) allowing a higher efficiency to the whole system. At the same time the need of concentration and tracking required by a fiber-based illumination system is fully covered by the infrastructure of the CPV system. In this work, it is found that the higher the f-number of the concentrating lens, the fewer losses but this value is also limited by the compactness of the receptor, the f-number of cell lens and the optical efficiency of the lens. PMMA softening at 85 °C limits maximum concentration to 100X. Taking into account these constraints, a prototype has been assembled using a commercial CPV module as a host. Results show that with a minimal loss in the electrical part, a luminous flux can be obtained with a lumen per watt ratio higher than by electrical means, and maintaining quality lighting parameters as good as high standard light sources.
The world is facing a significant energy challenge. Global economy is at 85% dependant on fossil ... more The world is facing a significant energy challenge. Global economy is at 85% dependant on fossil fuels. This energy hunger is at the origin of two major difficulties that humankind will face over the next decades, namely fossil fuel shortage and climate change. Renewable energies are called to play an important role in the future, but will need some decades to impose themselves as the predominant primary source of energy worldwide. In the meanwhile, nuclear energy could replace baseload fossil fuel electricity generation, since it offers low CO2 emitting, reliable, affordable fuel cost energy. Nevertheless, satisfactory responses are needed to be found to major concerns such as reactor safety, radioactive-waste transport and disposal, and nuclear proliferation.
In this paper, we present the Hybrid L-CPV concept, which mixes conventional CPV technology with ... more In this paper, we present the Hybrid L-CPV concept, which mixes conventional CPV technology with illumination using low-cost fiber optics as light distributor. This approach may offer a significant increase in the value of a CPV system for a minimal cost increase. Since illumination from sunlight with fibers does not require energy conversion, the losses are limited to those within the fibers, allowing for efficient lighting using just small area of the CPV system. At the same time the need of concentration and tracking required by a fiber-based illumination system is fully covered by the infrastructure of the CPV system. In this work, we present a theoretical study of the losses in optical fibers in order to understand and characterize them, as well an experimental confirmation of these results with low cost PMMA fibers. It is found that the highest the f-number of the concentrating lens, the less losses but this value is also limited by the compactness of the receptor, the f-numbe...
Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications
This paper describes the preliminary results of an intercomparison of spectroradiometers for glob... more This paper describes the preliminary results of an intercomparison of spectroradiometers for global (GNI) and direct normal incidence (DNI) irradiance in the visible (VIS) and near infrared (NIR) spectral regions together with an assessment of the impact these results may have on the calibration of triple-junction photovoltaic devices and on the relevant spectral mismatch calculation. The intercomparison was conducted by six European scientific laboratories and a Japanese industrial partner. Seven institutions and seven spectroradiometer systems, representing different technologies and manufacturers were involved, representing a good cross section of the todays' available instrumentation for solar spectrum measurements.
EN ESTE TRABAJO SE PROPONE LA REHABILITACION Y REFORZAMIENTO DE ELEMENTOS ESTRUCTURALES, COMO LO ... more EN ESTE TRABAJO SE PROPONE LA REHABILITACION Y REFORZAMIENTO DE ELEMENTOS ESTRUCTURALES, COMO LO SON LOS PASOS A DESNIVEL Y PUENTES, UTILIZANDO PLATINAS DE FIBRA DE CARBONO TENSADAS, LAS CUALES AL ADHERIRSE AL ELEMENTO EN CUESTION EJERCERAN UNA REACION CONTRARIA A LAS FUERZAS QUE PRODUCEN LA APARICION DE LA FLECHA, RECUPERANDO DE ESTA MANERA ESA DEFLEXION O FLECHA PROVOCADA YA SEA POR EL EFECTO TIEMPO, IMCREMENTO DE CARGAS TALES COMO LAS CARGAS MUERTAS Y VIVAS, ETC. AL ALCANZAR ESTA FLECHA CIERTOS NIVELES, SE VE AFECTADA LA FUNCIONABILIDAD DE LA ESTRUCTURA LLEGANDO A PROVOCAR MOLESTIAS A LOS USUARIOS Y DAÑOS EN LOS AUTOMOTORES QUE NECESITAN UTILIZAR ESTOS PASOS DE MANERA COTIDIANA
In this paper a high reliability and performance single-phase PWM inverter for standalone microgr... more In this paper a high reliability and performance single-phase PWM inverter for standalone microgrids is presented. To obtain the before mentioned characteristics this work propose, two different controller structures and a straightforward design methodology for these controllers, based on the internal model principle. In order to validate the proposed design methodology, digital controllers and to demonstrate the steady state and transient performance, experimental results are presented from a 5kVA PWM modulated single-phase inverter, fully controlled by a DSP TMS320F2407.
This paper proposes a three-phase DC-AC converter for autonomous microgrids based on renewable en... more This paper proposes a three-phase DC-AC converter for autonomous microgrids based on renewable energy sources. The microgrid topology offer simple control characteristics, where the AC link does not need a complex voltage controller strategy. The DC-AC converter (three-phase inverter) generates output voltages with very low THD for any type of load. To obtain the before mentioned characteristics for the inverter, this work propose an internal model principle based controller structure in synchronous dq frame, with a reduced sampling and number of poles. With this structure, is possible to considerably improve the stability and dynamic system response, and mainly, the saturation of the low frequency insulating transformer is avoided. Also in this paper, is proposed a straightforward design methodology for the discrete internal model based controller. In order to validate the proposed digital controller structure, the design methodology and to demonstrate the steady state and transient performance, experimental results are presented from a 15kVA SVPWM modulated three-phase inverter, fully controlled by a DSC dsPIC30F4011.
Renewable Energy and the Environment Optics and Photonics Congress, 2012
ABSTRACT A Hybrid CPV module which produces electricity and injects concentrated light into optic... more ABSTRACT A Hybrid CPV module which produces electricity and injects concentrated light into optical guides for lighting is proposed. Illumination from sunlight does not require energy conversion allowing efficient lighting using just small area of the CPV system.
2014 IEEE Biennial Congress of Argentina (ARGENCON), 2014
ABSTRACT This paper evaluates and compares the performance of a DC-DC converter with dual active ... more ABSTRACT This paper evaluates and compares the performance of a DC-DC converter with dual active three phase bridges using a three-phase high frequency transformer with star-star connection (DAB3YY) and delta-delta connection (DAB3ΔΔ). The objective of this comparison is to evaluate the stress of the power semiconductors based on the RMS values and the sum of the current as well as the transformer apparent power. From the analysis we conclude that the leakage inductance of the transformer DAB3ΔΔ should be three times greater than that of DAB3YY to transfer the same power. Furthermore, it is concluded that the stress on semiconductors and apparent power are the same on both connections, demonstrating the feasibility of using the DAB3ΔΔ.
Within the European funded project SOPHIA, a Round Robin measurement on CPV module has been initi... more Within the European funded project SOPHIA, a Round Robin measurement on CPV module has been initiated. Seven different test laboratories located in Europe between 48 °N and 37 °N perform measurements of four SOITEC CPV modules. The modules are electrically characterized with different measurement equipment under various climatic conditions. One pyrheliometer and one spectral sensor based on component cells are shipped together with the modules. This ensures that the irradiance and spectrum, two factors with high impact on CPV module performance, are measured with the identical equipment at each site. The round robin activity is performed in close cooperation with the IEC TC82 WG7 power rating team in order to support the work on the CPV module power rating draft standard 62670-3. The resulting rated module power outputs at CSOC (Concentrator Standard Operating Conditions) are compared amongst the power rating methods and amongst the test labs. In this manner, a deviation in rated power output between different test labs and power rating methods is determined.
Air Mass and atmosphere components (basically aerosol (AOD) and precipitable water (PW)) define t... more Air Mass and atmosphere components (basically aerosol (AOD) and precipitable water (PW)) define the absorption of the sunlight that arrive to Earth. Radiative models such as SMARTS or MODTRAN use these parameters to generate an equivalent spectrum. However, complex and expensive instruments (as AERONET network devices) are needed to obtain AOD and PW. On the other hand, the use of isotype cells is a convenient way to characterize spectrally a place for CPV considering that they provide the photocurrent of the different internal subcells individually. Crossing data from AERONET station and a Tri-band Spectroheliometer, a model that correlates Spectral Mismatch Ratios and atmospheric parameters is proposed. Considering the amount of stations of AERONET network, this model may be used to estimate the spectral influence on energy performance of CPV systems close to all the stations worldwide.
Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 2014
This paper describes the results of an intercomparison of spectroradiometers for measuring global... more This paper describes the results of an intercomparison of spectroradiometers for measuring global normal incidence and direct normal incidence spectral irradiance in the visible and in the near infrared, together with an assessment of the impact these results may have on the calibration of the short circuit current (I sc) of triple-junction photovoltaic devices and on the relevant spectral mismatch calculation. The intercomparison was conducted by six European scientific laboratories and a Japanese industrial partner. Seven spectroradiometer systems, for a total of 13 different instruments/channels using two different technologies and made by four different manufacturers were involved. This group of systems represents a good cross section of the instrumentation for solar spectrum measurements available to date. The instruments were calibrated by each partner prior to the intercomparison following their usual procedure and traceability route in order to verify the entire measurement and traceability chain. The difference in measured spectral irradiance showed to have an impact on the calibration of a set of Iso-Type cells varying from ±2% to ±14% for middle and bottom cell, respectively.
RESUMEN Hoy en día, el uso de los suplementos alimenticios (SA) para mejorar el rendimiento depor... more RESUMEN Hoy en día, el uso de los suplementos alimenticios (SA) para mejorar el rendimiento deportivo y/o desarrollar músculo es una práctica muy común en personas que asisten a los gimnasios. La mayoría acude con amigos o entrenadores para su recomendación y no con una persona especializada. El propósito de este trabajo es estimar el porcentaje de uso de los SA. Para ello se aplicó un cuestionario a 129 mujeres y 132 hombres que regularmente acuden al gimnasio. Se utilizó el programa estadístico IBM SPSS Statistics versión 19.0. El 49.4% de los encuestados consumen suplementos alimenticios y su principal motivo es desarrollar músculo (51.9%). La proteína es el suplemento que más consumen (54.3%) y sólo el 20% ha acudido a un nutriólogo para su recomendación. Palabras clave: suplemento alimenticio, gimnasio, acondicionamiento físico. ALEJANDRINA BAUTISTA JACOBO*, RUBÉN MEJÍA NÚÑEZ, GRACIELA HOYOS RUIZ
Las mujeres profesionistas generalmente ganan menos que los profesionistas hombres. De aqui surge... more Las mujeres profesionistas generalmente ganan menos que los profesionistas hombres. De aqui surge la pregunta de si acaso las expectativas laborales son diferentes entre las y los estudiantes proximos a terminar la universidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer si las preferencias y expectativas laborales en estudiantes del ultimo ano de las carreras de contaduria y administracion, en una universidad mexicana, son diferentes entre los hombres y las mujeres. Se realizo un estudio cuantitativo, transversal y comparativo. Mediante una encuesta se identificaron las preferencias de los estudiantes acerca del tamano y tipo de empresa donde les gustaria trabajar al terminar a universidad, asi como el puesto al que aspirarian. Tambien se investigo su expectativa de salario. Los resultados mostraron que hombres y mujeres coincidian en su preferencia por trabajar en empresas grandes y privadas y en las expectativas salariales para el primer empleo. Por otro lado, los hombres senalaron m...
A method based on experimental data is proposed to optimize the energy harvesting of a silicone-o... more A method based on experimental data is proposed to optimize the energy harvesting of a silicone-on-glass Fresnel-lens based CPV system. It takes into account the spectral variations along the year in a particular location as well as the thermal and spectral sensitivities of the optics and solar cell. In addition, different alternatives to tune the top/middle subcells current ratio in a CPV module are analyzed and their capacity to maximize the annually produced energy is quantified.
ABSTRACT The effect of the wind speed and direction on the arrays in a 50 kW plant was analyzed a... more ABSTRACT The effect of the wind speed and direction on the arrays in a 50 kW plant was analyzed along several days. The wind is measured in different positions of the plant: the general plant meteorological station, the module's boundary layer and the close surroundings of the array. The averaged thermal resistance between the back of the module and the ambient is calculated and its dependence with the wind direction analyzed. Early results suggest that Northern wind has a better cooling effect than Western and Eastern winds.
Durante la semana del 20 al 24 de mayo de 2013, el Instituto de Sistemas Fotovoltaicos de Concent... more Durante la semana del 20 al 24 de mayo de 2013, el Instituto de Sistemas Fotovoltaicos de Concentración (ISFOC) acogió la 3ª edición de las jornadas de Intercomparación Radiométrica Solar, organizada en colaboración con el Joint Research Centre (Comisión Europea), con la participación de 19 instituciones de seis países de la Unión Europea, Israel y Estados Unidos.
ABSTRACT The first results of a Hybrid lighting-CPV prototype are presented. This new concept mix... more ABSTRACT The first results of a Hybrid lighting-CPV prototype are presented. This new concept mixes a classical CPV module with the production of light for illumination without a double conversion (solar energy to electricity and electricity to light) allowing a higher efficiency to the whole system. At the same time the need of concentration and tracking required by a fiber-based illumination system is fully covered by the infrastructure of the CPV system. In this work, it is found that the higher the f-number of the concentrating lens, the fewer losses but this value is also limited by the compactness of the receptor, the f-number of cell lens and the optical efficiency of the lens. PMMA softening at 85 °C limits maximum concentration to 100X. Taking into account these constraints, a prototype has been assembled using a commercial CPV module as a host. Results show that with a minimal loss in the electrical part, a luminous flux can be obtained with a lumen per watt ratio higher than by electrical means, and maintaining quality lighting parameters as good as high standard light sources.
The world is facing a significant energy challenge. Global economy is at 85% dependant on fossil ... more The world is facing a significant energy challenge. Global economy is at 85% dependant on fossil fuels. This energy hunger is at the origin of two major difficulties that humankind will face over the next decades, namely fossil fuel shortage and climate change. Renewable energies are called to play an important role in the future, but will need some decades to impose themselves as the predominant primary source of energy worldwide. In the meanwhile, nuclear energy could replace baseload fossil fuel electricity generation, since it offers low CO2 emitting, reliable, affordable fuel cost energy. Nevertheless, satisfactory responses are needed to be found to major concerns such as reactor safety, radioactive-waste transport and disposal, and nuclear proliferation.
In this paper, we present the Hybrid L-CPV concept, which mixes conventional CPV technology with ... more In this paper, we present the Hybrid L-CPV concept, which mixes conventional CPV technology with illumination using low-cost fiber optics as light distributor. This approach may offer a significant increase in the value of a CPV system for a minimal cost increase. Since illumination from sunlight with fibers does not require energy conversion, the losses are limited to those within the fibers, allowing for efficient lighting using just small area of the CPV system. At the same time the need of concentration and tracking required by a fiber-based illumination system is fully covered by the infrastructure of the CPV system. In this work, we present a theoretical study of the losses in optical fibers in order to understand and characterize them, as well an experimental confirmation of these results with low cost PMMA fibers. It is found that the highest the f-number of the concentrating lens, the less losses but this value is also limited by the compactness of the receptor, the f-numbe...
Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications
This paper describes the preliminary results of an intercomparison of spectroradiometers for glob... more This paper describes the preliminary results of an intercomparison of spectroradiometers for global (GNI) and direct normal incidence (DNI) irradiance in the visible (VIS) and near infrared (NIR) spectral regions together with an assessment of the impact these results may have on the calibration of triple-junction photovoltaic devices and on the relevant spectral mismatch calculation. The intercomparison was conducted by six European scientific laboratories and a Japanese industrial partner. Seven institutions and seven spectroradiometer systems, representing different technologies and manufacturers were involved, representing a good cross section of the todays' available instrumentation for solar spectrum measurements.
EN ESTE TRABAJO SE PROPONE LA REHABILITACION Y REFORZAMIENTO DE ELEMENTOS ESTRUCTURALES, COMO LO ... more EN ESTE TRABAJO SE PROPONE LA REHABILITACION Y REFORZAMIENTO DE ELEMENTOS ESTRUCTURALES, COMO LO SON LOS PASOS A DESNIVEL Y PUENTES, UTILIZANDO PLATINAS DE FIBRA DE CARBONO TENSADAS, LAS CUALES AL ADHERIRSE AL ELEMENTO EN CUESTION EJERCERAN UNA REACION CONTRARIA A LAS FUERZAS QUE PRODUCEN LA APARICION DE LA FLECHA, RECUPERANDO DE ESTA MANERA ESA DEFLEXION O FLECHA PROVOCADA YA SEA POR EL EFECTO TIEMPO, IMCREMENTO DE CARGAS TALES COMO LAS CARGAS MUERTAS Y VIVAS, ETC. AL ALCANZAR ESTA FLECHA CIERTOS NIVELES, SE VE AFECTADA LA FUNCIONABILIDAD DE LA ESTRUCTURA LLEGANDO A PROVOCAR MOLESTIAS A LOS USUARIOS Y DAÑOS EN LOS AUTOMOTORES QUE NECESITAN UTILIZAR ESTOS PASOS DE MANERA COTIDIANA
In this paper a high reliability and performance single-phase PWM inverter for standalone microgr... more In this paper a high reliability and performance single-phase PWM inverter for standalone microgrids is presented. To obtain the before mentioned characteristics this work propose, two different controller structures and a straightforward design methodology for these controllers, based on the internal model principle. In order to validate the proposed design methodology, digital controllers and to demonstrate the steady state and transient performance, experimental results are presented from a 5kVA PWM modulated single-phase inverter, fully controlled by a DSP TMS320F2407.
This paper proposes a three-phase DC-AC converter for autonomous microgrids based on renewable en... more This paper proposes a three-phase DC-AC converter for autonomous microgrids based on renewable energy sources. The microgrid topology offer simple control characteristics, where the AC link does not need a complex voltage controller strategy. The DC-AC converter (three-phase inverter) generates output voltages with very low THD for any type of load. To obtain the before mentioned characteristics for the inverter, this work propose an internal model principle based controller structure in synchronous dq frame, with a reduced sampling and number of poles. With this structure, is possible to considerably improve the stability and dynamic system response, and mainly, the saturation of the low frequency insulating transformer is avoided. Also in this paper, is proposed a straightforward design methodology for the discrete internal model based controller. In order to validate the proposed digital controller structure, the design methodology and to demonstrate the steady state and transient performance, experimental results are presented from a 15kVA SVPWM modulated three-phase inverter, fully controlled by a DSC dsPIC30F4011.
Renewable Energy and the Environment Optics and Photonics Congress, 2012
ABSTRACT A Hybrid CPV module which produces electricity and injects concentrated light into optic... more ABSTRACT A Hybrid CPV module which produces electricity and injects concentrated light into optical guides for lighting is proposed. Illumination from sunlight does not require energy conversion allowing efficient lighting using just small area of the CPV system.
2014 IEEE Biennial Congress of Argentina (ARGENCON), 2014
ABSTRACT This paper evaluates and compares the performance of a DC-DC converter with dual active ... more ABSTRACT This paper evaluates and compares the performance of a DC-DC converter with dual active three phase bridges using a three-phase high frequency transformer with star-star connection (DAB3YY) and delta-delta connection (DAB3ΔΔ). The objective of this comparison is to evaluate the stress of the power semiconductors based on the RMS values and the sum of the current as well as the transformer apparent power. From the analysis we conclude that the leakage inductance of the transformer DAB3ΔΔ should be three times greater than that of DAB3YY to transfer the same power. Furthermore, it is concluded that the stress on semiconductors and apparent power are the same on both connections, demonstrating the feasibility of using the DAB3ΔΔ.
Within the European funded project SOPHIA, a Round Robin measurement on CPV module has been initi... more Within the European funded project SOPHIA, a Round Robin measurement on CPV module has been initiated. Seven different test laboratories located in Europe between 48 °N and 37 °N perform measurements of four SOITEC CPV modules. The modules are electrically characterized with different measurement equipment under various climatic conditions. One pyrheliometer and one spectral sensor based on component cells are shipped together with the modules. This ensures that the irradiance and spectrum, two factors with high impact on CPV module performance, are measured with the identical equipment at each site. The round robin activity is performed in close cooperation with the IEC TC82 WG7 power rating team in order to support the work on the CPV module power rating draft standard 62670-3. The resulting rated module power outputs at CSOC (Concentrator Standard Operating Conditions) are compared amongst the power rating methods and amongst the test labs. In this manner, a deviation in rated power output between different test labs and power rating methods is determined.
Air Mass and atmosphere components (basically aerosol (AOD) and precipitable water (PW)) define t... more Air Mass and atmosphere components (basically aerosol (AOD) and precipitable water (PW)) define the absorption of the sunlight that arrive to Earth. Radiative models such as SMARTS or MODTRAN use these parameters to generate an equivalent spectrum. However, complex and expensive instruments (as AERONET network devices) are needed to obtain AOD and PW. On the other hand, the use of isotype cells is a convenient way to characterize spectrally a place for CPV considering that they provide the photocurrent of the different internal subcells individually. Crossing data from AERONET station and a Tri-band Spectroheliometer, a model that correlates Spectral Mismatch Ratios and atmospheric parameters is proposed. Considering the amount of stations of AERONET network, this model may be used to estimate the spectral influence on energy performance of CPV systems close to all the stations worldwide.
Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 2014
This paper describes the results of an intercomparison of spectroradiometers for measuring global... more This paper describes the results of an intercomparison of spectroradiometers for measuring global normal incidence and direct normal incidence spectral irradiance in the visible and in the near infrared, together with an assessment of the impact these results may have on the calibration of the short circuit current (I sc) of triple-junction photovoltaic devices and on the relevant spectral mismatch calculation. The intercomparison was conducted by six European scientific laboratories and a Japanese industrial partner. Seven spectroradiometer systems, for a total of 13 different instruments/channels using two different technologies and made by four different manufacturers were involved. This group of systems represents a good cross section of the instrumentation for solar spectrum measurements available to date. The instruments were calibrated by each partner prior to the intercomparison following their usual procedure and traceability route in order to verify the entire measurement and traceability chain. The difference in measured spectral irradiance showed to have an impact on the calibration of a set of Iso-Type cells varying from ±2% to ±14% for middle and bottom cell, respectively.
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Papers by Ruben nuñez