Staphylococcus aureus has been described as the most common cause of human and animal diseases an... more Staphylococcus aureus has been described as the most common cause of human and animal diseases and has emerged as superbug due to multidrug resistance. Considering these, a total of 175 samples were collected from pyogenic cases of humans (75) and animals (100), to establish the drug resistance pattern and also for molecular characterization of human and animal isolates. Thermonuclease (nuc) gene ampli cation was used to con rm all presumptive S. aureus isolates and then antibiotic sensitivity and slide coagulase tests were used for phenotypic characterization of isolates. Following that, all of the isolates were subjected to PCR ampli cation to detect the existence of the methicillin resistance (mecA) and coagulase (coa) genes. Lastly, typing was done by using the Randomly Ampli ed Polymorphic DNA-PCR. The overall prevalence of S. aureus in human and animal samples was found to be 39.4%. Drug sensitivity revealed the highest resistance against the β-lactam antibiotics such as ampicillin (94.8%) and penicillin (90.6%), followed by cephalosporin (ce xime-67.7%) and quinolone (cipro oxacin-52.1%) group of drugs. The drug sensitivity was the highest against antibiotics like chloramphenicol (95%) followed by gentamicin (90%). Among the 69 S. aureus isolates, the overall presence of MRSA was 40.5% (27.5% and 50% in human and animal isolates respectively). Total 33 isolates exhibited coa genes ampli cation of more than one amplicons and variable in size of 250, 450, 800, and 1100 bp. The RAPD typing revealed ampli cation of 5 and 6 different band patterns in humans and animals, respectively, with two common patterns suggesting a common phylogenetic pro le.
AIM To compare the diagnostic accuracy of periapical radiography (PR) and cone beam computed tomo... more AIM To compare the diagnostic accuracy of periapical radiography (PR) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in detecting pathoses of endodontic origin using the gold standard of direct surgical visualization. METHODOLOGY Seventy-four patients (112 teeth) underwent radiographic examination by periapical radiography and CBCT. Presence of periapical lesions, root perforations and their locations, root fractures, different types of external root resorptive defects, apicomarginal bone defects, through and through bone defects, buccal bone status and proximity of root apices and lesions to vital anatomical structures were assessed. These same parameters were assessed intraoperatively by direct surgical visualization which served as the gold standard reference for the radiographic assessments. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, negative predictive values were determined for comparison of diagnostic accuracy between two modalities. RESULTS There were no significant differences between the two imaging modalities for root resorptive defects and root fractures. However, CBCT accurately detected periapical lesions, root perforations, apicomarginal bone defects and through and through bone defects. Overall accuracy of CBCT varied from 91% to 96% in detecting dehiscence and fenestration of buccal cortical plate. CONCLUSION Overall, CBCT had a higher diagnostic accuracy in complex endodontic pathoses compared to PR. Nevertheless, CBCT failed to diagnose apicomarginal bone defects in 33% teeth. In evaluating the status of buccal cortical plate from CBCT images, observers could detect absence of bone better than its presence. Thus, limited FOV CBCT should be considered for selective cases where periapical radiography has diagnostic ambiguity.
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to evaluate healing in apicomarginal defects with amniotic membrane (AM... more OBJECTIVE The study aimed to evaluate healing in apicomarginal defects with amniotic membrane (AM) using 2D periapical radiography and 3D cone beam computed tomography imaging. METHOD AND MATERIALS Thirty-four patients with symptomatic apical periodontitis and apicomarginal communication were allocated to either the AM or control group. Clinical and radiographic assessment was performed at baseline and at 12 months using Molven criteria, modified Penn 3D criteria, and RAC and B indices at resected plane, apical area, cortical plate, and combined apicocortical area, respectively. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the healing outcome in 2D imaging (93.3% control and 86.7% AM) and 3D imaging (80.0% control and 53.3% AM) between the groups. With RAC scoring, a greater percentage of unhealed cases was observed in cortical plate. Radiographic buccal bone formation in the 3D imaging was evident only in six cases. However, both the groups depicted significantly greater percent...
TURKISH JOURNAL OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES, 2018
Out of 100 pyogenic clinical cases of companion animals, 40 samples revealed Staphylococcus aureu... more Out of 100 pyogenic clinical cases of companion animals, 40 samples revealed Staphylococcus aureus confirmed by genomic amplification of 280-bp amplicons of the nuc gene. The presence of resistance and virulence determinants was confirmed for the genomic and plasmid mec, van, and coa genes. Out of 40 isolates of S. aureus, 23 isolates revealed amplification of 533-bp mecA genes on genomic DNA. These included 4, 14, and 5 isolates of cattle, buffalo, and dogs, respectively. On amplification for the coa gene, 19 isolates revealed amplicons of variable size and number on genomic DNA. The numbers of coa-positive isolates were 4, 12, and 3 of cattle, buffalo, and dogs, respectively. Among coa-positive isolates, thirteen were mecA-positive isolates while the other six isolates were mecA-negative.
Root canal system typically has a diverse canal configuration. One of the most difficult aspects ... more Root canal system typically has a diverse canal configuration. One of the most difficult aspects of ensuring successful endodontic treatment is accurately identifying all canals found in a tooth. Diverse root canal configurations are not uncommon, even if the majority of maxillary incisors have a single root canal. One canal bifurcating into two at the apical third is exceptionally rare, with only two case reports previously reported. For the precise diagnosis of certain anatomical peculiarities, a thorough evaluation of preoperative diagnostic radiographs is highly required. As of periapical radiography, which is the most important diagnostic imaging for determining root canal anatomy, is limited by its two-dimensional nature, technological innovations such as cone beam computed tomography can be extremely beneficial. This paper emphasizes the significance of preoperative diagnostic imaging in the treatment planning of maxillary central incisors with unusual root canal morphology.
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2020
Wheat, (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) the world"s largest cereal crop which belongs to Graminae... more Wheat, (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) the world"s largest cereal crop which belongs to Graminae (Poaceae) family of the genus Triticum. It has been described as the "King of cereals" because of the acreage it occupies, high productivity and the prominent position in the international food grain trade. Wheat is consumed in a variety of ways such as bread chapatti, porridge, flour, suji etc. The term "Wheat" is derived from many different locations, specifically from English,
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2020
Complicated crown fractures that involve more than 50% tooth loss and with the fracture line exte... more Complicated crown fractures that involve more than 50% tooth loss and with the fracture line extending subgingivally are of great concern to the dentist. The final restoration should be aimed to provide the adequate retention without compromising the esthetics. So, in this article 2cases were treated with rapid orthodontic extrusion and surgical crown lengthening respectively to preserve and restore the natural tooth structure.
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2021
Fracture of maxillary anterior teeth is common in young individuals. Conservative management of c... more Fracture of maxillary anterior teeth is common in young individuals. Conservative management of complicated crown fractures helps in preservation of tooth structure, vitality and esthetics. This case report describes a conservative technique of managing a case of complicated crown fracture by performing partial pulpotomy with biodentine followed by fracture segment reattachment. Key words: Complicated crown fracture, Partial pulpotomy, Fractured segment reattachment.
Cutaneous sinus tracts of dental origin are often initially misdiagnosed and inappropriately trea... more Cutaneous sinus tracts of dental origin are often initially misdiagnosed and inappropriately treated because of their uncommon occurrence and the absence of symptoms in approximately half the individuals affected. This paper reports a case describing the diagnosis and treatment of an extra-oral cutaneous sinus tract of odontogenic origin in relation to a mandibular left first molar. Non-surgical endodontic treatment was performed, and it resulted in resolution of the sinus tract and promoted periapical healing of the tooth involved.
Journal of global antimicrobial resistance, Jan 6, 2018
Domestic animals can serve as reservoirs for drug resistant S. aureus and may lead to the emergen... more Domestic animals can serve as reservoirs for drug resistant S. aureus and may lead to the emergence of multidrug resistant human S. aureus. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence and antibiotypes of S. aureus and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cultured from clinical pyogenic cases of domestic animals in India. 100 samples were collected during the study from different pyogenic conditions of cattle (21), buffalo (63) and dogs (16). These were processed for isolation and phenotypic identification of S. aureus, species confirmation by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and all the isolates were screened for the mecA gene. Disc diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility was performed for 14 antimicrobials. The study revealed a 40% prevalence of S. aureus in pyogenic clinical cases of domestic animals. The species wise prevalence of S. aureus was 38in cattle and buffaloes and 50%in dogs. The study revealed 21 antibiotypes. The rate of resistance was highest for amp...
Indian Journal of Comparative Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, 2016
The present research was planned to study the incidence, virulence properties and antibiogram of ... more The present research was planned to study the incidence, virulence properties and antibiogram of Staphylococcus aureus isolates recovered from skin and soft tissue infections in canines. The study includes 16 cases of wound and post-operative infection cases presented to Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex of the institute. Eight of these cases revealed the presence of S. aureus. All the isolates were confirmed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of 280 bp of nuc gene. On drug sensitivity against commonly used antibiotics, the isolates revealed six antibiotypes. Out of eight isolates, six were methicillin-resistant and two were intermediately sensitive. None of the isolate was found resistant to vancomycin. Highest resistance was observed against-lactam antibiotics, and all the isolates were susceptible to gentamicin and amikacin. By PCR, five out of the eight isolates were positive for the amplification of the 533 bp fragment of mecA gene, but none revealed amplification of vanA gene. Apart from antibiotic resistance, for determining of pathogenic attributes, tests were performed for in-vitro biofilm formation and PCR amplification for the presence of coa gene which encodes for coagulase. In biofilm production, five isolates did not produce biofilm (62.5%), whereas three were biofilm producers (37.5%). All the isolates were found positive for PCR amplification of coa gene and revealed a single genotype based on the size of the coagulase amplicon.
Staphylococcus aureus has been described as the most common cause of human and animal diseases an... more Staphylococcus aureus has been described as the most common cause of human and animal diseases and has emerged as superbug due to multidrug resistance. Considering these, a total of 175 samples were collected from pyogenic cases of humans (75) and animals (100), to establish the drug resistance pattern and also for molecular characterization of human and animal isolates. Thermonuclease (nuc) gene ampli cation was used to con rm all presumptive S. aureus isolates and then antibiotic sensitivity and slide coagulase tests were used for phenotypic characterization of isolates. Following that, all of the isolates were subjected to PCR ampli cation to detect the existence of the methicillin resistance (mecA) and coagulase (coa) genes. Lastly, typing was done by using the Randomly Ampli ed Polymorphic DNA-PCR. The overall prevalence of S. aureus in human and animal samples was found to be 39.4%. Drug sensitivity revealed the highest resistance against the β-lactam antibiotics such as ampicillin (94.8%) and penicillin (90.6%), followed by cephalosporin (ce xime-67.7%) and quinolone (cipro oxacin-52.1%) group of drugs. The drug sensitivity was the highest against antibiotics like chloramphenicol (95%) followed by gentamicin (90%). Among the 69 S. aureus isolates, the overall presence of MRSA was 40.5% (27.5% and 50% in human and animal isolates respectively). Total 33 isolates exhibited coa genes ampli cation of more than one amplicons and variable in size of 250, 450, 800, and 1100 bp. The RAPD typing revealed ampli cation of 5 and 6 different band patterns in humans and animals, respectively, with two common patterns suggesting a common phylogenetic pro le.
AIM To compare the diagnostic accuracy of periapical radiography (PR) and cone beam computed tomo... more AIM To compare the diagnostic accuracy of periapical radiography (PR) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in detecting pathoses of endodontic origin using the gold standard of direct surgical visualization. METHODOLOGY Seventy-four patients (112 teeth) underwent radiographic examination by periapical radiography and CBCT. Presence of periapical lesions, root perforations and their locations, root fractures, different types of external root resorptive defects, apicomarginal bone defects, through and through bone defects, buccal bone status and proximity of root apices and lesions to vital anatomical structures were assessed. These same parameters were assessed intraoperatively by direct surgical visualization which served as the gold standard reference for the radiographic assessments. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, negative predictive values were determined for comparison of diagnostic accuracy between two modalities. RESULTS There were no significant differences between the two imaging modalities for root resorptive defects and root fractures. However, CBCT accurately detected periapical lesions, root perforations, apicomarginal bone defects and through and through bone defects. Overall accuracy of CBCT varied from 91% to 96% in detecting dehiscence and fenestration of buccal cortical plate. CONCLUSION Overall, CBCT had a higher diagnostic accuracy in complex endodontic pathoses compared to PR. Nevertheless, CBCT failed to diagnose apicomarginal bone defects in 33% teeth. In evaluating the status of buccal cortical plate from CBCT images, observers could detect absence of bone better than its presence. Thus, limited FOV CBCT should be considered for selective cases where periapical radiography has diagnostic ambiguity.
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to evaluate healing in apicomarginal defects with amniotic membrane (AM... more OBJECTIVE The study aimed to evaluate healing in apicomarginal defects with amniotic membrane (AM) using 2D periapical radiography and 3D cone beam computed tomography imaging. METHOD AND MATERIALS Thirty-four patients with symptomatic apical periodontitis and apicomarginal communication were allocated to either the AM or control group. Clinical and radiographic assessment was performed at baseline and at 12 months using Molven criteria, modified Penn 3D criteria, and RAC and B indices at resected plane, apical area, cortical plate, and combined apicocortical area, respectively. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the healing outcome in 2D imaging (93.3% control and 86.7% AM) and 3D imaging (80.0% control and 53.3% AM) between the groups. With RAC scoring, a greater percentage of unhealed cases was observed in cortical plate. Radiographic buccal bone formation in the 3D imaging was evident only in six cases. However, both the groups depicted significantly greater percent...
TURKISH JOURNAL OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES, 2018
Out of 100 pyogenic clinical cases of companion animals, 40 samples revealed Staphylococcus aureu... more Out of 100 pyogenic clinical cases of companion animals, 40 samples revealed Staphylococcus aureus confirmed by genomic amplification of 280-bp amplicons of the nuc gene. The presence of resistance and virulence determinants was confirmed for the genomic and plasmid mec, van, and coa genes. Out of 40 isolates of S. aureus, 23 isolates revealed amplification of 533-bp mecA genes on genomic DNA. These included 4, 14, and 5 isolates of cattle, buffalo, and dogs, respectively. On amplification for the coa gene, 19 isolates revealed amplicons of variable size and number on genomic DNA. The numbers of coa-positive isolates were 4, 12, and 3 of cattle, buffalo, and dogs, respectively. Among coa-positive isolates, thirteen were mecA-positive isolates while the other six isolates were mecA-negative.
Root canal system typically has a diverse canal configuration. One of the most difficult aspects ... more Root canal system typically has a diverse canal configuration. One of the most difficult aspects of ensuring successful endodontic treatment is accurately identifying all canals found in a tooth. Diverse root canal configurations are not uncommon, even if the majority of maxillary incisors have a single root canal. One canal bifurcating into two at the apical third is exceptionally rare, with only two case reports previously reported. For the precise diagnosis of certain anatomical peculiarities, a thorough evaluation of preoperative diagnostic radiographs is highly required. As of periapical radiography, which is the most important diagnostic imaging for determining root canal anatomy, is limited by its two-dimensional nature, technological innovations such as cone beam computed tomography can be extremely beneficial. This paper emphasizes the significance of preoperative diagnostic imaging in the treatment planning of maxillary central incisors with unusual root canal morphology.
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2020
Wheat, (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) the world"s largest cereal crop which belongs to Graminae... more Wheat, (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) the world"s largest cereal crop which belongs to Graminae (Poaceae) family of the genus Triticum. It has been described as the "King of cereals" because of the acreage it occupies, high productivity and the prominent position in the international food grain trade. Wheat is consumed in a variety of ways such as bread chapatti, porridge, flour, suji etc. The term "Wheat" is derived from many different locations, specifically from English,
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2020
Complicated crown fractures that involve more than 50% tooth loss and with the fracture line exte... more Complicated crown fractures that involve more than 50% tooth loss and with the fracture line extending subgingivally are of great concern to the dentist. The final restoration should be aimed to provide the adequate retention without compromising the esthetics. So, in this article 2cases were treated with rapid orthodontic extrusion and surgical crown lengthening respectively to preserve and restore the natural tooth structure.
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2021
Fracture of maxillary anterior teeth is common in young individuals. Conservative management of c... more Fracture of maxillary anterior teeth is common in young individuals. Conservative management of complicated crown fractures helps in preservation of tooth structure, vitality and esthetics. This case report describes a conservative technique of managing a case of complicated crown fracture by performing partial pulpotomy with biodentine followed by fracture segment reattachment. Key words: Complicated crown fracture, Partial pulpotomy, Fractured segment reattachment.
Cutaneous sinus tracts of dental origin are often initially misdiagnosed and inappropriately trea... more Cutaneous sinus tracts of dental origin are often initially misdiagnosed and inappropriately treated because of their uncommon occurrence and the absence of symptoms in approximately half the individuals affected. This paper reports a case describing the diagnosis and treatment of an extra-oral cutaneous sinus tract of odontogenic origin in relation to a mandibular left first molar. Non-surgical endodontic treatment was performed, and it resulted in resolution of the sinus tract and promoted periapical healing of the tooth involved.
Journal of global antimicrobial resistance, Jan 6, 2018
Domestic animals can serve as reservoirs for drug resistant S. aureus and may lead to the emergen... more Domestic animals can serve as reservoirs for drug resistant S. aureus and may lead to the emergence of multidrug resistant human S. aureus. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence and antibiotypes of S. aureus and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cultured from clinical pyogenic cases of domestic animals in India. 100 samples were collected during the study from different pyogenic conditions of cattle (21), buffalo (63) and dogs (16). These were processed for isolation and phenotypic identification of S. aureus, species confirmation by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and all the isolates were screened for the mecA gene. Disc diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility was performed for 14 antimicrobials. The study revealed a 40% prevalence of S. aureus in pyogenic clinical cases of domestic animals. The species wise prevalence of S. aureus was 38in cattle and buffaloes and 50%in dogs. The study revealed 21 antibiotypes. The rate of resistance was highest for amp...
Indian Journal of Comparative Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, 2016
The present research was planned to study the incidence, virulence properties and antibiogram of ... more The present research was planned to study the incidence, virulence properties and antibiogram of Staphylococcus aureus isolates recovered from skin and soft tissue infections in canines. The study includes 16 cases of wound and post-operative infection cases presented to Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex of the institute. Eight of these cases revealed the presence of S. aureus. All the isolates were confirmed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of 280 bp of nuc gene. On drug sensitivity against commonly used antibiotics, the isolates revealed six antibiotypes. Out of eight isolates, six were methicillin-resistant and two were intermediately sensitive. None of the isolate was found resistant to vancomycin. Highest resistance was observed against-lactam antibiotics, and all the isolates were susceptible to gentamicin and amikacin. By PCR, five out of the eight isolates were positive for the amplification of the 533 bp fragment of mecA gene, but none revealed amplification of vanA gene. Apart from antibiotic resistance, for determining of pathogenic attributes, tests were performed for in-vitro biofilm formation and PCR amplification for the presence of coa gene which encodes for coagulase. In biofilm production, five isolates did not produce biofilm (62.5%), whereas three were biofilm producers (37.5%). All the isolates were found positive for PCR amplification of coa gene and revealed a single genotype based on the size of the coagulase amplicon.
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