Papers by Ricardo Ribeiro
Aqueles que possuem muito nunca se esquecem de defender seus interesses. Recusar-se a fazer conta... more Aqueles que possuem muito nunca se esquecem de defender seus interesses. Recusar-se a fazer contas raramente traz benefícios aos mais pobres." (Thomas Piketty, O Capital no Século XXI) RESUMO A publicação da obra "O Capital no Século XXI", de Thomas Piketty, demonstra que o aumento da desigualdade social, nas últimas décadas, levou ao quadro atual em que os 0,1% mais ricos detenham 20% do patrimônio global; os 1% que estão na parte superior da pirâmide social, perto de 50% e os 10% superiores, entre 80 a 90%. Para combater essa tendência natural do capitalismo à concentração de riquezas, o autor francês propõe uma série de medidas tributárias como o aumento da tributação das rendas, heranças e patrimônio, a partir do incremento da progressividade, a introdução de um imposto sobre grandes capitais em escala mundial e a adoção da transparência internacional como forma de combater a concorrência fiscal entre países. O artigo procura analisar as possibilidades de adoção dessas medidas no Brasil, a partir da introdução de uma reforma tributária igualitária, que possa contribuir para a redução da desigualdade social em nosso país. PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Desigualdade. Tributação Justa. Progressividade. Imposto de Renda.
Prostate, 2004
BACKGROUNDLeptin has been consistently associated with angiogenesis and tumoral growth. A G/A sin... more BACKGROUNDLeptin has been consistently associated with angiogenesis and tumoral growth. A G/A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at the −2548 site in leptin gene (LEP) is associated with overexpression of leptin (A-allele).Leptin has been consistently associated with angiogenesis and tumoral growth. A G/A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at the −2548 site in leptin gene (LEP) is associated with overexpression of leptin (A-allele).METHODSWe evaluated DNA samples from 268 (536 alleles) unrelated individuals, 118 healthy controls (HCs) and 150 prostate cancer (PC) patients, for leptin gene (LEP) locus −2548 genotypes.We evaluated DNA samples from 268 (536 alleles) unrelated individuals, 118 healthy controls (HCs) and 150 prostate cancer (PC) patients, for leptin gene (LEP) locus −2548 genotypes.RESULTSWe found an overrepresentation of the A-allele in PC patients and that there is a significantly higher risk for PC among A carriers (OR = 1.60; confidence interval (CI), 1.13–2.28, P = 0.008). Linear trend analysis showed that quantitative increase of A-allele presence was associated with significantly higher risk for PC (P = 0.003) in heterozygous (OR = 2.11; CI, 1.20–3.71) and homozygous (OR = 2.93; CI, 1.27–6.75) genotypes. Furthermore, the AA and AG genotypes represent significantly higher risk (OR = 4.67; CI, 1.69–12.88 and OR = 2.58; CI, 1.19–5.58, respectively) for advanced disease.We found an overrepresentation of the A-allele in PC patients and that there is a significantly higher risk for PC among A carriers (OR = 1.60; confidence interval (CI), 1.13–2.28, P = 0.008). Linear trend analysis showed that quantitative increase of A-allele presence was associated with significantly higher risk for PC (P = 0.003) in heterozygous (OR = 2.11; CI, 1.20–3.71) and homozygous (OR = 2.93; CI, 1.27–6.75) genotypes. Furthermore, the AA and AG genotypes represent significantly higher risk (OR = 4.67; CI, 1.69–12.88 and OR = 2.58; CI, 1.19–5.58, respectively) for advanced disease.CONCLUSIONSAccording to our results we hypothesize that the polymorphism in LEP gene may be relevant to PC risk and progression, supporting the hypothesis for leptin involvement in cancer ethiopathogenesis. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.According to our results we hypothesize that the polymorphism in LEP gene may be relevant to PC risk and progression, supporting the hypothesis for leptin involvement in cancer ethiopathogenesis. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases, 2006
Obesity-associated prostate cancer (PCa) remains controversial, although most studies rely on bod... more Obesity-associated prostate cancer (PCa) remains controversial, although most studies rely on body mass index evaluation, which is an indirect measure of fatness. Studies using body fat measurement and disease stratification according to PCa stage found stronger associations between obesity and PCa. Leptin is a pleiotrophic hormone mainly synthesized by adipocytes that acts in peripheral organs such as the prostate. This article reviews obesity-associated leptin's pathophysiological role in PCa progression. PCa development results from some known risk factors. Currently, there is enough evidence suggesting that leptin is an additional factor involved in advanced PCa occurrence, and obesity association with high-grade disease. Life-long exposure to genetic and/or environmental susceptibility factors that predispose to obesity and higher leptin levels may increase the risk for advanced PCa.
An effective solution to the problem of extending a dialogue system to new knowledge domains requ... more An effective solution to the problem of extending a dialogue system to new knowledge domains requires a clear separation between the knowledge and the system: as ontologies are used to conceptualize information, they can be used as a means to improve the separation between the dialogue system and the domain information. This paper presents the development of an ontology for the cooking domain, to be integrated in a dialog system. The ontology comprehends four main modules covering the key concepts of the cooking domain – actions, food, recipes, and utensils – and three auxiliary modules – units and measures, equivalencies and plate types.
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Papers by Ricardo Ribeiro